Review
Fibromyalgia and nutrition: what news? 1 2 2 1 3 1 2
1Department of Clinical and Experimental ABSTRACT Introduction Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, University Fibromyalgia syndrome (FM) is a of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; 2 chronic, generalised pain condition Department of Internal Medicine and usually accompanied by several associ- Medical Specialties, Rheumatology Unit, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy; ated symptoms, such as fatigue, sleep 3IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopaedic Institute, disturbance, headache, irritable bowel Milan, Italy. syndrome and mood disorders. Differ- Alessandra Rossi, PhD ent medical treatments are used to treat Anna Chiara Di Lollo, MD - Maria Paola Guzzo, MD suggest that the optimal treatment con- Camillo Giacomelli, PhD sists in a multidisciplinary approach Fabiola Atzeni, MD, PhD with a combination of pharmacological Laura Bazzichi, MD and non-pharmacological treatment Manuela Di Franco, MD modalities. Among non-pharmacologi- Please address correspondence to: cal treatment, nutrition is a promising Dr Alessandra Rossi, Dipartimento di Medicina tool for FM patients. Clinica e Sperimentale, The aim of this review is to update the U.O. di Reumatologia, - Ospedale S. Chiara, gia and nutrition by means of a sys- - via Roma 67, tematic search performed on Medline 56126 Pisa, Italy. from January 2000 to December 2014. E-mail: [email protected] - - Received on January 30, 2015; accepted in revised form on February 9, 2015. - Clin Exp Rheumatol 2015; 33 (Suppl. 88): plementation are shown. Obesity and S117-S125. overweight, often present in FM pa- © Copyright CLINICAL AND tients, are related to the severity of FM EXPERIMENTAL RHEUMATOLOGY 2015. worsening the quality of life in terms Key words: of higher pain, fatigue, worsened sleep - quality and higher incidence of mood disorders. Weight control is thus an ef- fective tool to improve the symptoms. Moreover, it seems reasonable to elimi- nate some foods from the diet of FM - patients, for example excitotoxins. Non- coeliac gluten sensitivity is increasingly recognised as a frequent condition with similar manifestations which overlap with those of FM. The elimination of gluten from the diet of FM patients is - recently becoming a potential dietary intervention for clinical improvement. - In summary, this review reveals the po- - ventions as non-pharmacological tools - as part of a multidisciplinary treatment Competing interests: none declared. for FM patients.
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