Fanatisme Dan Solidaritas Suporter Ultras Gresik Dalam Mendukung Tim Gresik United
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FANATISME DAN SOLIDARITAS SUPORTER ULTRAS GRESIK DALAM MENDUKUNG TIM GRESIK UNITED SKRIPSI Diajukan Kepada Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya Untuk Memenuhi Salah Satu Persyaratan Dalam Menyelesaikan Program Strata (S1) Psikologi (S.Psi) Ahmad Kholel J71216047 PROGRAM STUDI PSIKOLOGI FAKULTAS PSIKOLOGI DAN KESEHATAN UNIVERSITAS ISLAM NEGERI SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA 2020 3 4 5 INTISARI Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat proses terbentuknya perilaku fanatisme dan solidaritas serta menemukan beberapa faktor apa saja yang muncul pada suporter sepak bola. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan fenomenologi. Subjek peneltian ini adalah lima orang yang merupakan suporter aktif pendukung Gresik United dan ditambah lagi dengan significant other sesuai dengan kebutuhan peneliti. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa faktor yang mempengaruhi fanatisme dan solidartitas yaitu (a) adanya tim Gresik United, (b) latar belakang lamanya menjadi suporter, (c) pengorbanan suporter yang mana secara keseluruhan saling berkaitan untuk melihat bentuk perilaku fanatisme dan solidaritas suporter saat menonton pertandingan secara langsung, bentuk perilakunya antara lain (a) menumbuhkan fanatisme dan solidaritas yang baik (b) bertindak secara rasional diluar dan didalam stadion (c) menjadi contoh bagi suporter lain. Kata Kunci : Fanatisme Dan Solidaritas Suporter Sepak Bola. 9 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id ABSTRACT This research aims to see the process of the creation of fanaticism and solidarity and to find some factors that appear in the football supporters. This research is a qualitative study with a phenomenological approach. The subject of this study is five people who are active supporters of the supporter of Gresik United and supplemented with other significant other according to the needs of researchers. Based on the results of the study can be concluded that the factors that affect fanaticism and Solidartitas is (a) the presence of the Gresik United team, (b) The background of the duration becomes a supporter, (c) The sacrifice of supporters which are collectively interconnected to see the form of the behavior of fanaticism and solidarity of supporters when watching live matches, the form of conduct, among others (a) cultivating fanaticism and good Solidarity (b) Act rationally outside and in the Keywords: fanaticism and the solidarity of football supporters. 10 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id DAFTAR ISI HALAMAN PERSETUJUAN .............................................................................. i HALAMAN PENGESAHAN ............................................................................... ii HALAMAN PERSEMBAHAN .......................................................................... iii KATA PENGANTAR .......................................................................................... iv ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................... vii DAFTAR ISI ....................................................................................................... viii DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ........................................................................................ ix DAFTAR GAMBAR .............................................................................................. x BAB I PENDAHULUAN A. Latar Belakang Penelitian ........................................................................... 1 B. Fokus Penelitian ......................................................................................... 15 C. Keaslia Penelitian ...................................................................................... 15 D. Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................................................... 20 E. Manfaat Penelitian ..................................................................................... 20 F. Sistematika Pembahasan ........................................................................... 21 BAB II KAJIAN PUSTAKA A. Fanatisme Suporter Sepak Bola ................................................................ 24 1. Definisi Fanatisme Suporter ................................................................ 24 2. Ciri-Ciri Fanatisme .............................................................................. 29 3. Perilaku Fanatisme ............................................................................... 30 4. Faktor Fanatisme .................................................................................. 32 B. Solidaritas Suporter ................................................................................... 34 1. Pengertian Solidaritas .......................................................................... 34 2. Perilaku Solidaritas .............................................................................. 36 3. Ciri-Ciri Solidaritas .............................................................................. 41 4. Faktor Solidaritas ................................................................................. 42 C. Ultras Gresik ............................................................................................. 42 1. Sejarah Ultras Gresik ........................................................................... 42 2. Perkembangan Tim Gresik United ....................................................... 43 D. Kerangka Teoritik ...................................................................................... 44 BAB III METODE PENELITIAN A. Jenis Penelitian ........................................................................................... 48 B. Kehadiran Peneliti ...................................................................................... 49 C. Lokasi Penelitian ........................................................................................ 40 D. Sumber Data .............................................................................................. 50 E. Prosedur Pengumpulan Data ...................................................................... 51 11 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id F. Analisi Data ................................................................................................ 53 G. Pengecekan Keabsahan Data...................................................................... 54 BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN A. Setting Penelitian ....................................................................................... 57 1. Profil Subjek Pertama .......................................................................... 59 2. Profil Subjek Kedua ............................................................................. 61 3. Profil Subjek ketiga .............................................................................. 63 4. Profil Subjek Keempat ......................................................................... 65 5. Profil Subjek Kelima ............................................................................ 68 B. Hasil Penelitian ......................................................................................... 72 1. Deskripsi Temuan Penelitian ............................................................... 72 a. Perilaku Fanatisme ......................................................................... 72 b. Perilaku Solidaritas ........................................................................ 91 2. Analisis Temuan Penelitian................................................................ 111 a. Deskripsi Temuan Penelitian Perilaku Fanatisme........................ 111 b. Deskripsi Temuan Penelitian Perilaku Solidaritas ....................... 122 3. Hasil Observasi .................................................................................. 128 C. Pembahasan ............................................................................................. 129 BAB V PENUTUP A. Kesimpulan ............................................................................................. 137 B. Saran ........................................................................................................ 138 DAFTAR PUSTAKA ........................................................................................ 140 LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN ................................................................................ 144 12 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1. Rangkuman Hasil Dari Keseluruhan Subjek Mengenai Fanatisme ... 109 Gambar 2. Rangkuman Hasil Dari Keseluruhan Subjek Mengenai Fanatisme ... 11- Gambar 3. Skema Terbentuknya Fanatisme ........................................................ 111 Gambar 4. Skema Terbentuknya Solidaritas ........................................................ 122 Gambar 5. Surat Pengurus Suporter Ultras Gresik .............................................. 144 13 digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id LAMPIRAN-LAMPIRAN Lampiran 1 : Guidence wawancara ..................................................................