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A National Tradition
Baseball A National Tradition. by Phyllis McIntosh. “As American as baseball and apple pie” is a phrase Americans use to describe any ultimate symbol of life and culture in the United States. Baseball, long dubbed the national pastime, is such a symbol. It is first and foremost a beloved game played at some level in virtually every American town, on dusty sandlots and in gleaming billion-dollar stadiums. But it is also a cultural phenom- enon that has provided a host of colorful characters and cherished traditions. Most Americans can sing at least a few lines of the song “Take Me Out to the Ball Game.” Generations of children have collected baseball cards with players’ pictures and statistics, the most valuable of which are now worth several million dollars. More than any other sport, baseball has reflected the best and worst of American society. Today, it also mirrors the nation’s increasing diversity, as countries that have embraced America’s favorite sport now send some of their best players to compete in the “big leagues” in the United States. Baseball is played on a Baseball’s Origins: after hitting a ball with a stick. Imported diamond-shaped field, a to the New World, these games evolved configuration set by the rules Truth and Tall Tale. for the game that were into American baseball. established in 1845. In the early days of baseball, it seemed Just a few years ago, a researcher dis- fitting that the national pastime had origi- covered what is believed to be the first nated on home soil. -
Baseball News Clippings
! BASEBALL I I I NEWS CLIPPINGS I I I I I I I I I I I I I BASE-BALL I FIRST SAME PLAYED IN ELYSIAN FIELDS. I HDBOKEN, N. JT JUNE ^9f }R4$.* I DERIVED FROM GREEKS. I Baseball had its antecedents In a,ball throw- Ing game In ancient Greece where a statue was ereoted to Aristonious for his proficiency in the game. The English , I were the first to invent a ball game in which runs were scored and the winner decided by the larger number of runs. Cricket might have been the national sport in the United States if Gen, Abner Doubleday had not Invented the game of I baseball. In spite of the above statement it is*said that I Cartwright was the Johnny Appleseed of baseball, During the Winter of 1845-1846 he drew up the first known set of rules, as we know baseball today. On June 19, 1846, at I Hoboken, he staged (and played in) a game between the Knicker- bockers and the New Y-ork team. It was the first. nine-inning game. It was the first game with organized sides of nine men each. It was the first game to have a box score. It was the I first time that baseball was played on a square with 90-feet between bases. Cartwright did all those things. I In 1842 the Knickerbocker Baseball Club was the first of its kind to organize in New Xbrk, For three years, the Knickerbockers played among themselves, but by 1845 they I had developed a club team and were ready to meet all comers. -
Triple Plays Analysis
A Second Look At The Triple Plays By Chuck Rosciam This analysis updates my original paper published on SABR.org and Retrosheet.org and my Triple Plays sub-website at SABR. The origin of the extensive triple play database1 from which this analysis stems is the SABR Triple Play Project co-chaired by myself and Frank Hamilton with the assistance of dozens of SABR researchers2. Using the original triple play database and updating/validating each play, I used event files and box scores from Retrosheet3 to build a current database containing all of the recorded plays in which three outs were made (1876-2019). In this updated data set 719 triple plays (TP) were identified. [See complete list/table elsewhere on Retrosheet.org under FEATURES and then under NOTEWORTHY EVENTS]. The 719 triple plays covered one-hundred-forty-four seasons. 1890 was the Year of the Triple Play that saw nineteen of them turned. There were none in 1961 and in 1974. On average the number of TP’s is 4.9 per year. The number of TP’s each year were: Total Triple Plays Each Year (all Leagues) Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's Ye a r T P's <1876 1900 1 1925 7 1950 5 1975 1 2000 5 1876 3 1901 8 1926 9 1951 4 1976 3 2001 2 1877 3 1902 6 1927 9 1952 3 1977 6 2002 6 1878 2 1903 7 1928 2 1953 5 1978 6 2003 2 1879 2 1904 1 1929 11 1954 5 1979 11 2004 3 1880 4 1905 8 1930 7 1955 7 1980 5 2005 1 1881 3 1906 4 1931 8 1956 2 1981 5 2006 5 1882 10 1907 3 1932 3 1957 4 1982 4 2007 4 1883 2 1908 7 1933 2 1958 4 1983 5 2008 2 1884 10 1909 4 1934 5 1959 2 -
University Microfilms International 300 N
INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1.The sign or “target” for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is “Missing Page(s)”. If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in “sectioning” the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy. -
Take Me out to the Ball Game
The Boone County Journal September 18,, 2017 1 FREE COUNTY LOCAL NEWS, OPINION & HISTORY Real Journalism for a Real Democracy www.boonecountyjournal.com Friday • September 15, 2017 • Vol 22 • Issue 22 No. 1114 growing popularity and a more unified perception of popularity. Take Me Out the sport and its rules. This was the era when many people found their Baseball soon surpassed cricket in popularity as way to Capron Field to watch the Cubs and other to the Ball Game far as sports go. With it, came a transition from an local baseball teams. While it wasn’t at a major- By Bailey Appelhans amateur sport to a professional sport. Even in early league level and audiences weren’t watching Babe For many, the early 20th century is characterized years of the game, some clubs began paying players Ruth hit a homerun, they were still watching one of by a golden age of baseball. to compete. Star players like James Creighton of America’s longstanding traditions. Baseball can be The accompanying photo is of the Capron Excelsior were compensated for their participation. an intense sport, but at it’s heart it’s also a way of baseball team on Main Street in Capron. The Capron To resolve this issue, baseball clubs wishing to pay bringing people together. Cubs, as they were known, often played against other players were later allowed to declare themselves as local teams like the Poplar Grove Merchants and the professional clubs. Belvidere Kelton Cubs. The Cincinnati Red Stockings were the first team A look back at old newspaper articles in the area to openly declare themselves as professional. -
Sports and the Rhetorical Construction of the Citizen-Consumer
THE SPORTS MALL OF AMERICA: SPORTS AND THE RHETORICAL CONSTRUCTION OF THE CITIZEN-CONSUMER Cory Hillman A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate College of Bowling Green State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY August 2012 Committee: Dr. Michael Butterworth, Advisor Dr. David Tobar Graduate Faculty Representative Dr. Clayton Rosati Dr. Joshua Atkinson © 2010 Cory Hillman All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT Dr. Michael Butterworth, Advisor The purpose of this dissertation was to investigate from a rhetorical perspective how contemporary sports both reflect and influence a preferred definition of democracy that has been narrowly conflated with consumption in the cultural imaginary. I argue that the relationship between fans and sports has become mediated by rituals of consumption in order to affirm a particular identity, similar to the ways that citizenship in America has become defined by one’s ability to consume under conditions of neoliberal capitalism. In this study, I examine how new sports stadiums are architecturally designed to attract upper income fans through the mobilization of spectacle and surveillance-based strategies such as Fan Code of Conducts. I also investigate the “sports gaming culture” that addresses advertising in sports video games and fantasy sports participation that both reinforce the burgeoning commercialism of sports while normalizing capitalism’s worldview. I also explore the area of licensed merchandise which is often used to seduce fans into consuming the sports brand by speaking the terms of consumer capitalism often naturalized in fan’s expectations in their engagement with sports. Finally, I address potential strategies of resistance that rely on a reassessment of the value of sports in American culture, predicated upon restoring citizens’ faith in public institutions that would simultaneously reclaim control of the sporting landscape from commercial entities exploiting them for profit. -
Beanballs and Baseball: Private Remedies Vs
Beanballs and Baseball: Private Remedies vs. Criminal Sanctions for Violence in Baseball Kelli Amanda Metzger Knerr* I. INTRODUCTION On August 10, 2009, the tension between the Boston Red Sox and the Detroit Tigers began to escalate when a pitch hit Detroit Tigers‟ first baseman Miguel Cabrera while he was at bat in the top of the fourth inning.1 The beanballs2 continued later in the game when Boston‟s third baseman Kevin Youkilis was hit by a pitch in the bottom of the fourth inning and Detroit‟s Brandon Inge was hit in the top of the eighth inning.3 When the two teams met the next night, the discord boiled over.4 A pitch once again hit Cabrera, this time in the top of the first inning.5 In the bottom of the first inning, Tigers‟ pitcher Rick Porcello threw an inside pitch to the Red Sox‟ first baseman Victor Martinez.6 After nearly being hit by the pitch, Martinez “took a few menacing steps toward the * J.D. Candidate, The Dickinson School of Law of the Pennsylvania State University, 2011; B.A. Criminal Justice, summa cum laude, Kutztown University of Pennsylvania, 2007. Kelli would like to thank her husband, Travis M. Knerr, for inspiring her interest in and love of baseball (and the Phillies). She would also like to thank her mom, Sharon J. Metzger, her brother, Kyle P. Metzger, and her sister, Ashley R. Metzger, for their unwavering love, support, and encouragement. Lastly, Kelli would like to thank all those who provided guidance for this Comment. 1. -
Cincinnati Reds'
Cincinnati Reds Press Clippings January 16, 2015 CINCINNATI ENQUIRER MLB Network highlights the Nasty Boys, 1990 Reds By C. Trent Rosecrans / Cincinnati Enquirer / [email protected] / @ctrent MLB Network will look at the 1990 Reds and the Nasty Boys, the team's three-headed relievers, in a one-hour special on Tuesday. The second episode of MLB Network's "MLB Network Presents" hosted by Bob Costas looks at the team, centering around the Nasty Boys, Norm Charlton, Rob Dibble and Randy Myers. It premieres Tuesday at 9 p.m. and includes interviews with Charlton, Dibble, Myers and many others, including former Cincinnati Enquirer sports writer John Erardi. The release has some of the many comments: On the 1990 Reds team: Rob Dibble: For us, there wasn't a team we didn't dislike. … It wasn't just Randy and I and Norm. There were a lot of lunatics on that team. Norm Charlton: [From] 7:05 to 11 o'clock or however look it took, [we were] dead serious. After that, "Katy, bar the door." Barry Larkin: Our fans loved us because we went out there and we put [a] blue collar-brand of baseball on that field every single day. Paul O'Neill: I remember getting off to an unbelievable start. As a young player that had never been in that position, you don't want to pinch yourself and don't want to wake up. Marty Brennaman on Lou Piniella: The very first time he met with that team, he told those guys, "We have the talent to win a World Championship here and I'm not going to be happy with anything less." Jerry Springer: The 1990 team was really the first people's team because they were regular characters. -
The Origins and Early History of Baseball's Reserve System Edmund P
Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Writings Ed Edmonds Collection on Sports Law 2012 Arthur Soden's Legacy: The Origins and Early History of Baseball's Reserve System Edmund P. Edmonds Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/writings_sports Part of the Entertainment and Sports Law Commons Recommended Citation 5 Alb. Gov't L. Rev. 38 (2012) This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Ed Edmonds Collection on Sports Law at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Writings by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Notre Dame Law School NDLScholarship Journal Articles Publications 2012 Arthur Soden's Legacy: The Origins and Early History of Baseball's Reserve System Edmund P. Edmonds Notre Dame Law School, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship Part of the Entertainment and Sports Law Commons, and the Other Law Commons Recommended Citation Edmonds, Edmund P., "Arthur Soden's Legacy: The Origins and Early History of Baseball's Reserve System" (2012). Journal Articles. Paper 390. http://scholarship.law.nd.edu/law_faculty_scholarship/390 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Publications at NDLScholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal Articles by an authorized administrator of NDLScholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ARTHUR SODEN'S LEGACY: THE ORIGINS AND EARLY HISTORY OF BASEBALL'S RESERVE SYSTEM Ed Edmonds* INTRODUCTION ............................................ 39 I. BASEBALL BECOMES OPENLY PROFESSIONAL. -
C:\My Documents\Dailey
The Pennsylvania State University The Graduate School College of Communications THE NEW CATHEDRALS: THE SPORTS STADIUM AND MASS MEDIA’S ROLE IN FACILITATING NEW CONSTRUCTION A Thesis in Mass Communication by Robert C. Trumpbour © 2001 Robert C. Trumpbour Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2001 We approve the thesis of Robert C. Trumpbour. Date of Signature _____________________________ _____________________ Richard L. Barton Professor of Communications Associate Dean of Graduate Studies and Research Thesis Adviser Chair of Committee _____________________________ ______________________ Suzanna DeBoef Associate Professor of Political Science _____________________________ ______________________ Patrick Parsons Associate Professor of Communications _____________________________ ______________________ Ronald A. Smith Professor Emeritus of Exercise and Sport Science iii Abstract Stadium construction has occurred at record-breaking level in major metropolitan areas of the United States in the last decade. This dissertation traces media coverage of stadium construction policy throughout the twentieth century and the beginning of the twenty-first century, focusing specifically on newspaper coverage of this issue. The hypothesis that media practitioners in smaller metropolitan areas will be more likely to privilege voices supporting new stadium construction is examined. The case study method is utilized and content analysis is employed to determine media coverage trends in major American metropolitan areas. Cincinnati and Pittsburgh are examined as small market cities, while Boston and New York are explored as larger market cities. Evidence is provided that larger markets adopt a more critical position than small market cities regarding new stadium construction in newspaper opinion content. Large market publications are similar to smaller market counterparts in providing greater opportunity for expression to pro-stadium voices. -
National@ Pastime
================~~==- THE --============== National @ Pastime A REVIEW OF BASEBALL HISTORY Iftime is a river, justwhere are we now Fifty years from now some of our SABR members of to as we float with the current? Where day will write the history of 1991, as they look backfrom the TNPII have we been? Where may we begoing vantage point of 2041. How will we and our world look to on this journey? their grandchildren, who will read those histories? What I thought itwould be fun to take readings ofour position stories will they cover-RickeyHenderson and Nolan Ryan? by looking at where ourgame, and by extension, our coun Jose Canseco and Cecil Fielder?TheTwins and the Braves? try, and our world were one, two, three, and more Toronto's 4 million fans? Whatthings do we take for granted generations ago. that they will find quaint? Whatkind ofgame will the fans of Mark Twain once wrote that biography is a matter of that future world be seeing? What kind of world, beyond placing lamps atintervals along a person's life. He meantthat sports, will they live in? no biographercan completely illuminate the entire story. But It's to today's young people, the historians of tomorrow, ifwe use his metaphor and place lamps at 25-year intervals and to theirchildren and grandchildren thatwe dedicate this in the biography ofbaseball, we can perhaps more dramati issue-fromthe SABR members of1991 to the SABR mem cally see our progress, which we sometimes lose sight ofin bers of 2041-with prayers that you will read it in a world a day-by-day or year-by-year narrative history. -
Evolution of Professional Baseball Leagues the Original Baseball Teams and Cities Baseball’S Rapid Expansion Beginning in 1960
Evolution of Professional Baseball Leagues The Original Baseball Teams and Cities Baseball’s Rapid Expansion Beginning in 1960 Chapter 7 Timeline for the development of baseball’s professional leagues In 1869, the first professional baseball team was formed. The team was named the Cincinnati Red Stockings. Harry Wright was paid $1200 to manage the team. At this point baseball was transformed from an amateur to a professional game. In 1871, the National Association of Professional Baseball Players was formed. The charter members were the Boston Red Stockings, Chicago White Stockings, Cleveland Forest Cities, Fort Wayne Kekiongas, New York Mutuals, Philadelphia Athletics, Rockford Forest Cities, Wahington Nationals, and the Washington Olympics. The fee was $10 to join. Gambling and bribery infiltrated the league and the league dissolved in 1875. The National League was formed in 1876 and consisted of eight teams with each team playing 70 games. William Hulbert, a business was responsible for its formation. Many of the players came from the defunct National Association League. In 1881, a rival league, called the American Association, was formed. Player raids between the two leagues weakened both leagues. The new league reduced the ticket prices to 25 cents from 50 cents charged by the National League. The new league also scheduled Sunday games to increase attendance. In 1883, the two leagues formed a pact that guaranteed protection of player contracts. In 1891, the American Association folded. The 25 cents ticket prices could not support the league. In 1900, the American League was formed out of the Western Association, a minor league formed in 1894.