Select Bibliography

COLLECTED WORKS CEuvres, ed. P. Mesnard, 8 vols and 2 albums (Hachette, 1865-73, etc.) ('Les Grands Ecrivains de la France'). Theatre complet, ed. G. True, 4 vols (Societe des Belles-lettres, 1929-30) ('Les Textes fran<;:ais'). Original spelling and punctuation. CEuvres completes, ed. R. Picard, 2 vols (Galhmard, 1950), ('Bibliotheque de la Pleiade'). The latest complete and scholarly edition. Theatre complet, ed. M. Rat (Garnier, 196o). CEuvres completes, ed. P. Clarac (Seuil and Macmillan Co. of New York, 1962) ('L'Integrale'). No variants given.

SINGLE PLAYS (a) English editions; introduction and commentary in English except where stated. Britannicus, ed. P. Butler (Cambridge U.P., 1967). Extensive biblio- graphy. --ed. W. H. Barber (Macmillan and StMartin's P., 1967). Berenice, ed. W. S. Maguinness (Manchester U.P., 1929, 1956). - ed. C. L. Walton (Oxford U.P., 1965). Bajazet, ed. C. Girdlestone (Blackwell, 1955). Entirely in French. Mithridate, ed. G. Rudler (Blackwell, 1943). Entirely in French. Phedre, ed. R. C. Knight (Manchester U.P., 1943, 1955). Athalie, ed. P. France (Oxford U.P., 1966). (b) Collection 'Mises en Scene' (Editions du Seuil). Line-by-line commentaries by producers of noteworthy Paris productions, illustra­ ted (but without scholarly authority). Bajazet, mise en scene et commentaires de X. de Courville (1947). Phedre, mise en scene et commentaircs de J.-L. Barrault (1946, 1959). Athalie, mise en scene et commentaires de G. le Roy (1952). 232 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY

ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS In blank verse unless otherwise stated. (Racine's poetic style being what it is, no translation must be expected to convey the full flavour.) The Dramatic Works of]. Racine. A metrical English version by R. B. Boswell ('Bohn's Standard Library') (H. G. Bohnet al., 1846, etc.). Berenice and Esther, trans. John Masefield and published separately (Heinemann, 1922). The Best Plays of Racine, translated in English rhyming verse by Lacy Lockert (Princeton U.P., 1936). Racine's Mid-career Tragedies, translated in English rhyming verse by Lacy Lockert (Princeton U.P., 1952). Jean Racine, Five Plays, trans. Kenneth Muir (MacGibbon & Kee and Hill & Wang, a Mermaid Dramabook, 1960). Andromache, Britan­ niws, Berenice, Phaedra, Athaliah. Phaedra, trans. John Caimcross (Droz, Geneva, 1958). Phaedra and other Plays [Iphigenia, Athaliah], trans. John Caimcross (Penguin Books, 1963, 1966). Andromache and other Plays [Britannicus, Berenice], trans. John Caimcross (Penguin Books, 1967). Phaedra and Figaro. Racine's Phaedra trans. Robert Lowell {Farrar, Straus & Cudahy, 1961). Racine, Phaedra, trans. Robert Lowell (Faber, 1963). By general consent, a free paraphrase in a very different poetic idiom.

BIOGRAPHY AND CRITICISM A. Adam, Histoire de Ia litterature franfaise au XVII• siecle, 5 vols (Domat, 1948-56) IV 277 ff, v 39 ff. R. Bray, La Formation de Ia doctrine classique en France (Hachette, 1927; Nizet, 1951). H. Bremond, Racine et Valery. Notes sur !'initiation poetique (Grasset, 1930). G. Brereton, jean Racine, a critical biography (Cassell, 1951). --An Introduction to the French Poets. Villon to the present day (Methuen 1956; University Paperbacks UPs, 1960). Ch. VI. P. Butler, Classicisme et baroque dans l'ceuJJre de Racine (Nizet, 1959). J.-G. Cahen, 'Le Vocabulaire de Racine', in Revue de linguistique romane, xvr, nos. 59-64 {Droz, 1956). A. F. B. Clark, jean Racine (Harvard U.P. and Oxford U.P., 1939). P. Claude!, Conversation sur Jean Racine (Gallimard, 1956). SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 233 Corneille and Racine: Parallels and Contrasts, ed. R. J. Nelson (Prentice­ Hall, 1966). All texts but two in French. A. A. Eustis, Racine devant Ia critique franfaise, 1838-1939 (U. of California P., 1949). P. France, Racine's Rhetoric (Oxford U.P., 1965). P. H. Frye, Romance and Tragedy (Jones, Boston, 1922; U. of Nebraska P., 1961). 'Racine', pp. 205 ff. M. Fubini, Jean Racine e Ia critica delle Slle tragedie (Sansoni, Societa tipografico editrice nazionale, Turin, 1925). J. Giraudoux, Jean Racine (Grasset, 1930); and in the same author's Litterature (Grasset, 1941) pp. 27-55, and other collections. Trans. P. M. Jones (Fraser, Cambridge, 1938). L. Goldmann, Le Dieu cache. Etude sur Ia vision tragique dans les 'Pensees' de Pascal et dans le theatre de Racine (Gallimard, 1955). Trans. P. Thody, The Hidden God (Routledge & Kegan Paul and Humanities P., 1964). --Racine (L'Arche, 1956). J. D. Hubert, Essai d' exegese racinienne: les secrets temoins (Nizet, 1956). R. Jasinski, Vers le vrai Racine, 2 vols (A. Colin, 1958). R. C. Knight, Racine et Ia Grece (Didier-Boivin, [1951] ). H. C. Lancaster, A History of French Dramatic Literature in the Seven­ teenth Century, 5 parts in 9 vols (Johns Hopkins P. and Presses Universitaires Franc;:aises, 1929-42; Gordian Press, 1966). Parts IV and V. G. Lanson, Esquisse d'une histoire de Ia tragedie franfaise (Columbia U.P., 1920; 2nd ed. Champion, 1927). J. C. Lapp, Aspects of Racinian Tragedy (Toronto U.P. and Oxford U.P., 1955, 1964; Canadian University Paperbacks, no. 28). V. Lugli, Racine (Formiggini, 1926). T. Maulnier, Racine (Librairie de la Revue Franc;:aise, 1935; Gallimard, 1936, 1947. 1954)· --Lecture de Phedre (Gallimard, 1942). F. Mauriac, La Vie de Jean Racine (Pion, 1928). G. May, Tragedie cornelienne, tragedie racinienne (U. of Illinois P., 1948). W. G. Moore, Racine: Britannicus (Arnold, 1960; Studies in French Literature, no. 1). P. Moreau, Racine, l'homme et l'cruvre (Boivin, 1943; Hatier, 1952). D. Momet, Jean Racine (Aux Armes de France, 1944). 234 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 0. de Mourgues, Racine, or The Triumph of Relevance (Cambridge U.P., 1967). --Autonomie de Racine (Corti, 1967). Revised and translated version of the preceding. R. Picard, La Carriere de Jean Racine (Gallimard, 1956, 1961). -- Corpus racinianum: Recueil-inventaire des textes et documents du XVII' siecle concernant Jean Racine (Les Belles Lettres, 1956). -- Supplement au 'Corpus racinianum' (Les Belles Lettres, 1961). -- Nouveau supplement, Troisieme supplement, in Jeunesse de Racine (La Ferte-Milon, 1963) p. 5 ff (1966) pp. 3 ff. See also J. Dubu, Raymundi Picard 'Corpori raciniano' addenda, ibid. (1960) pp. 30 ff. J. Pommier, Aspects de Racine. Suivi de l'histoire litteraire d'un couple tragique [Phedre and Hippolyte] (Nizet, 1954). J. Scherer, La Dramaturgie classique en France (Nizet, [1950, 1954] ). L. Spitzer, Linguistics and literary History (Princeton U.P. and Oxford U.P., 1948). 'The "recit de Theramene" ', pp. 87 ff. G. Lytton Strachey, 'Racine' (dated 1908), in Books and Characters (Chatto and Harcourt, Brace, 1922) pp. 3 ff, and Literary Essays, in the Collected Works (Chatto, 1948) pp. 58 ff. G. True, Jeatl Racine: l'reuvre, !'artiste, l'homme et le temps (Gamier, 1926). M. Turnell, 'Jean Racine', in The Classical Moment (Hamilton, 1947, 1964) pp. 131 ff. Embodies articles of 1939. E. Vinaver, Racine et Ia poesie tragique (Nizet, 1951, 1963). Trans. P. M. Jones, Racine and poetic Tragedy (Manchester U.P., 1955). K. Vossler, Jean Racine (Hueber, 1926; Roland, 1948). B. Weinberg, The Art ofJean Racine (Chicago U.P., 1963). Katherine E. Wheatley, Racine and English Classicism (U. of Texas P., 1956). E. E. Williams, Racine depuis 1885, essai de bibliographie raisonneeQohns Hopkins P., 1940). Notes on Contributors

SIR C. M. BowRA, F.B.A., M.A., D.Litt., Warden ofWadham Col­ lege, Oxford; author of The Heritage of Symbolism, Sophoclean Tragedy, and many other studies of classical and modern literature. JuLES BRODY, Ph.D., Professor ofRomance Languages and Associate Dean of Faculty at Queen's College {University of New York); author of Boileau and Longinus, editor of French Classicism: a critical miscellany. PHILIP F. BUTLER, Ph.D., D.es-L., Laureat of the University of Lau­ sanne, Professor of French in the University College of South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff {University ofWales); author of Baroque et classicisme dans I' reuvre de Racine, and of a critical edition of Britannicus. JEAN DuB u, Professeur Agrege at the Lycee Saint-Louis (Paris), tutor at the Institut d' Anglais (Sorbonne, Annexe Censier); Secretaire Perpetuel of the Academie Racinienne (La Ferte-Milon and Uzes), organiser of the annual Sessions Raciniennes at Uzes and of the Ier Congres International Racinien (Uzes, 1961}; editor of the periodical Jeunesse de Racine and of a critical edition of Racine, Lettres d'Uzes. LuciEN GoLDMANN, D.es-L., Professeur at the Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes (VIth Section, University ofParis) and Directeur of the Centre de Sociologie de Ia Litterature at the Institute of Sociology (University of Brussels}; author of Le Dieu cache: etude sur Ia vision tragique dans les Pensees de Pascal et dans le theatre de Racine. R. C. KNIGHT, M.A., D.es-L., Professor ofFrench in the University College of Swansea (University of Wales); author of Racine et Ia Grece, and of critical editions of Phedre and Corneille's Nicomede. JoHN C. LAPP, Ph.D., William H. Bonsall Professor of French at Stanford University; author of Aspects of Racinian Tragedy. JEAN PoMMIER, D.es-L., Member of the Academie des Sciences Morales et Politiques (Paris), Professeur Honoraire at the Sorbonne and the College de France; author of Aspects de Racine, Creations 236 NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS en litterature, and many works on nineteenth-century and modem French literature; general editor of the Revue d'Histoire litteraire de la France. GEORGES POULET, Docteur en Philosophic et Lettres, et en Droit (Liege), Professor of the History of French Literature in the Uni­ versity of Zurich, sometime Reader at the University of Edin­ burgh and Professor at Johns Hopkins University; author of Etudes sur le temps humain, La Distance interieure, Les metamorphoses du cercle, Le Point de depart, Mesure de l' instant. R. A. SAYCE, M.A., D.Phil., Reader in French Literature in the University of Oxford and Fellow of Worcester College, Oxford; author of The French Biblical Epic in the Seventeenth Century, Style in French Prose, and a critical edition of Comeille' s Polyeucte. LEO SPITZER (d. 1960) was Professor of Romance Languages at Johns Hopkins University and previously held posts at the univer­ sities of Vienna, Bonn, Marburg, Cologne; author of Romanische Stil- und Literarstudien and Linguistics and Literary History, and of many articles of stylistic criticism. THEOPHIL SPOERRI, Dr Phil., Honorary Professor in the University of Zurich, previously Professor of French and Italian Literature; author ofworks on Pascal and Dante; was an editor ofthe periodical Trivium. JEAN STAROBINSKI, D.es-L., Dr Med., Professor of the History of Ideas and of French Literature in the University of Geneva, some­ time Assistant Professor at Johns Hopkins University; President of the Societe Jean-Jacques Rousseau and of the Rencontres Inter­ nationales de Geneve; author of Jean-Jacques Rousseau: la trans­ parence et 1' obstacle, of L' CEil vivant and L' Invention de Ia liberte. EuGENE VINAVER, M.A., D.Litt., D.es-L., ProfessorofFrenchLitera­ ture in the University of Wisconsin, Emeritus Professor of the University of Manchester; editor of Racine, Principes de la tragedie, en marge de Ia Poetique d'Aristote; author of Racine et Ia poesie tragique and of works on medieval literature, French and English. H. M. W AIDS ON, M.A., Dr Phil., Professor of German in the Uni­ versity College of Swansea (University of Wales); author of Jeremias Gotthelf and The Modern German Novel: a mid-twentieth­ century survey; translator, inter alia, of Gotthelf's The Black Spider and Goethe's Kindred by Choice. Index

Aeschylus I64-5, I73 n, I76; Suppliants Charles I 202, 204 7o-I Charles II 203 AGAMEMNON 224 chorus 22S-9 AGRIPPINE 40 Christianity 36-7, 39, 73. S6, roo, 103, 164 ALEXANDRE I3, I72-3, 20I classicism 9, II-13, 24, 62-3, 90, nS, Alexandrine I9, 54, I4I 133. 146, 206 ANDROMAQUE I3, I6, IS-I9, 26, 67-S, Comedie Fran~aise (Theatre Fran~ais) ro, 7S-9, IIO, II2-I3, II8-20, IS!)-205 223 passim, 2I9 Corneille, Pierre II, 13, rS, 24, 57, S3, ANDROMAQUE, And10mache IS-20, 32-4, SS-9, IQ9, I29-30, I5I, I62, I67, I7I-5, IIS-20, IS9-94. I96, I99. 220 177-S, IS7n, I95. I9S, 2Io-I4; Per­ ANTIGONE I77-SI, IS6, I8Sn tharite I95-7; Polyeucte 206-S ANTIOCHUS IJ4, 2I5 Corneille, T. I3, 195 ARICIE 32-3, 224 CREON 76-7, 172, I77-SI, IS6, 200 Aristotle (Poetics) IS, 24, 27, 35, 4S, I67-9 ATALIDE 20, 25, 30 Descartes, Rene 145-6 A THALIE 6I-4, 72-3, II6, I69, 204, Des CEillets, Mile I93, 20I 227-30 destiny 8I-4, 94, 126, 172, ISO, 2I5-I6, ATHALIE 227 22S Aubignac, abbe d' ISO, I67, I69, I73 Du Pare, Mlle 20, 202

BAJAZET 25, 2S, so-3, 93-4. Io4 Eliot, T. S. 39 BAJAZET 39 ERIPHILB 82, 98, I06, 221 Balzac, Guez de ISI ESTHER I69, 227-30 baroque I2-I3 ETEOCLE I77-86 Barthes, R. I 3n, I4 Euripides 37, I6I, I63-5, I67-9, I7I-3, BERENICE I9, 39, 41, 53-5, IoS, II4, 22o-I; Andromache I9o-I, I93-4; 2I9-2I, 206-I7 passim Hippolytus I37, I46n, I58, 224-5; BERENICE I9, 3I, II4, 207-IO, 2I2, 214 Medea I67-8; Phoenician Maidens I6S, Bergson, Henri 76 I72, I75-7 Bernhardt, Sarah I o Boileau, Nicolas I6I, I63 fate See destiny Bremond, abbe H. II, I44, I47 Fenelon, Fran~ois I63, 222 BRITANNICUS 3I-2, 97-S, III-13, 2II; preface I63 Gide, Andre II, I75 BRITANNICUS 32, III-I2 Gilbert, G. I62, I7I, 173 BURRHUS 39 Giraudoux,Jean II-I2, 49, I75. I87, 2I9, Butler, P. F. I3, I9 229 God, gods I7, 37, 6o, 73, 75-6, S3-7, CANTIQUES SPIRITUELS So, S6-7 99-Ioo, I04-8, no-Is, I72, ISo, ISS, Champmesle, Mlle 20 I9o-I, 219-22,225-S INDEX

Goldmann, L. 14 Naude, G. 151 NERON 3D-2, 40, 97-9 Hardy, A. 13, 162 Nicole, P. 20, 170, 1S9 Heliodorus (Theagenes and Chariclea) 165, Nouvelle Critique, Ia 13-15 I7I, I98 REMON 172, 178-9, IS6

La Calprenede 198-9 Quinault, P. 13, 153, 162 La Fontaine, Jean de I63, I69-70, 224 Lancaster, H. Carrington I5, I74-5 retirement, Racine's 63, 217, 229-30 Lauson, G. I6, 65, 209 Romantics 10, 208 Lapp, J. C. IS, IS7, I8Sn Rotrou, Jean de 162, 171-3; Antigone La Rochefoucauld, Fran~ois, due de 20, 33 175. 177 Lukacs, G. Io7, IIo ROXANE 20, 3D-I, 40, 46, 5D-3 Rudler, G. 129, 132, 146n Marxism 14 Masson-Forestier II Sainte-Beuve, Ch. 132, 145, 206 Maulnier, Thierry II-12, S3 Scherer, J. 15, I6on Mauriac, Franc;:ois, II, 131 Schlegel, A. W. IO Menecee, Menoeceus 176, I8o, ISSn Seneca I62, 172; Phoenician Maidens I75; Merian-Genast, E. 58 Troades 70, 194 Mesnard,P. I5,I32,172,I74-5,I8Sn,2o4 Shakespeare, William 9-10, 19-20,24,26, Michaut, G. 206-7 37. 4I-3,46, 49.104 MITHRIDATE 7D-I, 120 simplicity 27-48 passim, 132, 136, 144 MITHRIDATE 39, 216, 224-5 Sophocles 37, 161, 163-7, 169, 173; Ajax Moliere 172, 174, 203-4 167; Electra I65-7; Oedipus rex 228 MONIMB 32, 7D-I Spitzer, L. 14, 17, 49, 59, 66, 91, 132 Morel, J.-E. 202 Strachey, G. Lytton 10, 53 Mornet, D. 16, 132 structuralism I4, IOI-5, IID-II, IIJ, II6, Mourgues, 0. de 18 149 INDEX 239

style, Racine's I7, I9, 4I-4, 54, II7-3I tragedy, Greek I9-2o, 24-5, 28, 30, 35-6, passim, I 32-46 passim 44. IOO, 149-50, I62, 220, 228 symbols I4, 65--74 passim, 92 unities 25-6, 109, 135, I68, 222 THEBAIDE, LA 75-7. I7I-2, I74-88 passim Valery, Paul 19, I49. 222 THERAMENE 6I, I37 Villars, abbe de 27I n nrns:EE IIS, I58-9, 224-5 Vinaver, E. I2, I7, 19 TITUS 55-6, I08, II4, 207, 209-I6 Virgil (Aeneid) I 89-90 tragedy I9-20, 24, 27-9, 36-7, 4o-1, 48, Voltaire IJ2, I45, 209 77, 104-15, I73 n, 207, 209, 215-17, Vossler, K. 10, 49, 61, II7-I8, 13I 223 vraisemblance 18, 27, 167, 221