To the Edge of the Arctic

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

To the Edge of the Arctic Discover Spitsbergen & the Arctic! TO THE EDGE OF THE ARCTIC ICE August 27–September 8, 2016 on board the M/V Plancius LEADERSHIP Leading the expedition will be Justin Gibson, a superb photographer and naturalist with a special interest in bears. Justin likes to travel and photograph the world’s beautiful places, adventures that have taken him to more than 25 coun­ tries, from China to Thailand, Alaska to Oman and Europe. Justin has been guiding visitors into the Alaskan wilderness for more than 15 years, and has been leading polar bear expeditions to Churchill in Canada the last several seasons. He looks forward to exploring the Spitsbergen archipelago with you, and to sharing his knowledge about polar bears, glaciology, birds, botany, and the changing Arctic climate. OVERVIEW We invite you to join us as we explore “To the We will then fly to Longyearbyen, the largest Edgef o the Arctic Ice,” August 27–September 8, 2016. town in Spitsbergen. We will start our exploration This is an outstanding itinerary for polar bears, with a visit to the research hub at the University glaciers and geology of Spitsbergen, and an excellent Center in Spitsbergen for an informative visit with opportunity to learn about climate change in the researchers. Then visit the North Pole Exploration Arctic first hand. Museum to learn of the early attempts to fly to the North Pole from Spitsbergen. With concern mounting around the world In Longyearbyen, we will board the excellent about the melting of the Polar ice caps and climate M/V Plancius for our 8-day and 7-night voyage to change, we invite you to come see the wildlife of the north of Spitsbergen and to the Edge of the the Arctic —polar bears, ringed and bearded seals, Arctic Ice above 81 degrees north, an excellent walrus, and feeding baleen whales—the spectacular route for polar bears. We will see bird rookeries, glaciers, and unique birdlife of the Arctic. historic encampments, sky blue glaciers, carved We will begin our adventure in Oslo. We will icebergs, scenic ice falls, and waterfalls—an Arctic have an afternoon walking tour in the historic paradise! wharf area. You may choose to visit the historic Come see the wonderland of the Arctic in 2016! vessels, Kontiki and Fram, across the bay, and to learn about Frijhof Nansen’s 5-year epic on the Fram to discover the North Pole starting in 1893. Bob Nansen, Naturalist Day 4 Longyearbyen & the M/V Plancius ITINERARY This morning we will visit the Svalbard Museum to continue our introduction to the history and Days 1/2 USA to Oslo natural heritage of the Arctic. The local church is Depart on flights from the USA to Oslo, a little further long the road and well worth a visit. Norway, arriving by late morning on Day 2. Lunch in Longyearbyen. Afternoon for last (Norwegian Air flights are suggested.) Transfer by minute shopping and then visit the entrance to train to an Oslo hotel. Then have an afternoon the Svalbard Global Seed Vault. This internationally walking tour of downtown Oslo. important seed bank houses thousands of seeds Day 3 Oslo to Longyearbyen of agricultural, ornamental, and other plants from Depart this morning on our flight to many different habitats from around the world. Longyearbyen, the capital of the Svalbard We will then board M/V Plancius and begin our archipelago of which West Spitsbergen is the voyage to the “Edge of the Arctic Ice.” Overnight largest island. Arrive in Longyearbyen and transfer we will cruise east of the Molloy Hole, the to your lodge. We will then begin our exploration deepest location in the Arctic at 18,399 feet. of the world’s northern most town settlement. We will begin with a visit to University Centre in Day 5 Raudfjord & Glacier to Moffen Svalbard (UNIS) for an introduction to the region Today we sail into the beautiful Raudfjord or and Arctic research projects by one of the Liefdefjord on the north coast of West Spitsbergen scientists. We will then visit the North Pole with both tidewater and hanging glaciers. As we go Exploration Museum which has two floors of ashore we see some of the seabirds flying along displays, photo graphs, and some historic equip- the shore and then have a short walk over Arctic ment from the first attempts to fly to the North tundrao t look for wildflowers. These are beautiful Pole. Overnight at the BaseCamp Lodge. (B,D) fjords dominated by spectacular glaciers, and where we often see polar bear. Later, we will cruise towards Moffen Island looking for ringed and bearded seals and seabirds. Moffen Island has a herd of walrus sometimes numbering over 100 adults and pups. Days 6 /7 Beverleysundet to Zorgdragerfjord Be on deck as we sail through Beverleysundet with massive mountains and glaciers and be on the lookout for whales. Beverleysundet was named by Parry in 1827 and also sailed by the Swedish-Russian Arc-of- Meridian Expedition in 1898. We will push east along Scoresby Island, into Rijpfjord, where in Wordiebukta the German Wehrmacht had the weather station Haudegen until September 1945. The station itself is off bounds, but we can see the beautiful glaciers at the head of the fjord. In Zorgdragerfjord one group will walk at the eastern shore while the other group walks along the north side of Arkvatnet through Havsuldalen to the entrance of Duvefjorden. Day 8 Phippsoya in the Seven Islands relatively luxuriant vegetation. At nighttime we Today, we will reach our northernmost arrive back in Longyearbyen. point at Phippsoya, in the Seven Islands north of Nordaustlandet. Here we will be at 81 degrees Days 11/13 Longyearbyen & Oslo north, just 540 miles from the geographic North This morning, we disembark the ship and head Pole. Polar bears inhabit this region, along with to Base Camp again. We’ll have time at leisure in ivory gulls. The ship may sit for several hours in Longyearbyen the pack ice, allowing us to take in our spectacular to explore surroundings and look for a Ross gull before we further. On turn south again. the morning of Day 12, we will Day 9 Raudfjord fly back to Oslo Retracing our route westwards, our route for overnight. takes us through and along the pack ice, keeping Day 13 take watch for polar bear and the elusive Greenland interna tional whale (Bowhead). About 40 nautical miles west flights back to of Spitsbergen we sail along the edge of the the USA. continental shelf, where fin whales forage in summer in the upwellings along the Spitsbergen banks. At the mouth of the Kongsfjord we have also good chances to see minke whales. Day 10 Forlandsundet In Forlandsundet at Sarstangen is a haul out place for walrus. Alternatively we sail into St. Johns Fjord or south to the mouth of Isfjorden and land at Alkhornet. Seabirds nest on its cliffs and Arctic fox search the cliff base for fallen eggs and chicks, while Spitsbergen reindeer graze the • IGM THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH SOCIETY RESEARCH SCIENTIFIC THE S The American Connection RESERVATIONS #1437 Quite surprisingly to most travelers, Longyearbyen is named for an American. Industrialist John Munro Yes! I/we want to join To the Edge of the Arctic Ice, A Longyear visited Spitsbergen in 1901 and learned August 27–September 8, 2016, offered by AAAS X about the small coal mining operation. With a fellow Travels, Sigma Xi, ACS & The Planetary Society. Please reserve _____ space(s). As a deposit, I/we enclose a investor, he founded the Arctic Coal Company. check for $_________ ($1,000 per person) payable to Betchart In 1906 they started exporting coal throughout the Expeditions Inc. Trust Account. I world. Much of the operations were destroyed • during World War II and Germans occupied the Name(s) _______________________________________ Age_________ area to provide meteorological data. The Germans A _______________________________________ Age_________ bombed most of the buildings. Longyearbyen now C hosts the interna- Address _____________________________________________________ tionally important S City ________________________________ State ____ Zip ____________ Svalbard Global Seed Vault, a • Phone: Home (________) ______________________________________ museum, and a Th satellite campus Work (________) ______________________________________ of the University of Norway as well as Email Address ________________________________________________ polar bears who e Membership: ___ AAAS ___ Sigma Xi ___ ACS ___ Planetary Society Planetar roam the surround- ing hillsides. Accommodations Preference: Accommodations aboard the M/V Plancius are per person RESPONSIBILITY based on share of cabin (indicate 1st, 2nd, 3rd choice): Quad cabin (Porthole). $5,795 Betchart Expeditions Inc., the American Association for the Advancement of Science Triple cabin (Porthole). $6,495 (AAAS), Sigma Xi, The Scientific Research Society, the American Chemical Society (ACS), and The Planetary Society act only as agents for the passenger with respect to Twin cabin (Porthole). $6,995 transpor tation and hotels, and exercise every care possible. However, we can assume no liability for injury, damage, delay, loss, accident or irregularity in connection with Twin cabin (Window). $7,195 the services of any airplane, ship, motor coach, or any other conveyance used in carrying out the arrangements of the tour. We cannot accept any responsibility for Twin Deluxe cabin. $7,495 losses or additional expenses due to delay or changes in air or other services, Superior cabin. $7,995 sickness, weather, strike, war, quarantine, terrorism, acts of God, or other causes y beyond our control. All such losses or expenses will have to be borne by the passenger, as tour rates pro vide for arrange ments only for the time stated. We reserve the right to ___ Twin ___ Single Twin Share: ___ with a friend or Society substitute another leader of similar expertise or reserve the right to cancel any tour prior to departure, in which case the entire payment will be refunded with no further ___ Nonsmoker ___ Smoker ___ assign a roommate obligation on our part.
Recommended publications
  • Handbok07.Pdf
    - . - - - . -. � ..;/, AGE MILL.YEAR$ ;YE basalt �- OUATERNARY votcanoes CENOZOIC \....t TERTIARY ·· basalt/// 65 CRETACEOUS -� 145 MESOZOIC JURASSIC " 210 � TRIAS SIC 245 " PERMIAN 290 CARBONIFEROUS /I/ Å 360 \....t DEVONIAN � PALEOZOIC � 410 SILURIAN 440 /I/ ranite � ORDOVICIAN T 510 z CAM BRIAN � w :::;: 570 w UPPER (J) PROTEROZOIC � c( " 1000 Ill /// PRECAMBRIAN MIDDLE AND LOWER PROTEROZOIC I /// 2500 ARCHEAN /(/folding \....tfaulting x metamorphism '- subduction POLARHÅNDBOK NO. 7 AUDUN HJELLE GEOLOGY.OF SVALBARD OSLO 1993 Photographs contributed by the following: Dallmann, Winfried: Figs. 12, 21, 24, 25, 31, 33, 35, 48 Heintz, Natascha: Figs. 15, 59 Hisdal, Vidar: Figs. 40, 42, 47, 49 Hjelle, Audun: Figs. 3, 10, 11, 18 , 23, 28, 29, 30, 32, 36, 43, 45, 46, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 71, 72, 75 Larsen, Geir B.: Fig. 70 Lytskjold, Bjørn: Fig. 38 Nøttvedt, Arvid: Fig. 34 Paleontologisk Museum, Oslo: Figs. 5, 9 Salvigsen, Otto: Figs. 13, 59 Skogen, Erik: Fig. 39 Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani (SNSK): Fig. 26 © Norsk Polarinstitutt, Middelthuns gate 29, 0301 Oslo English translation: Richard Binns Editor of text and illustrations: Annemor Brekke Graphic design: Vidar Grimshei Omslagsfoto: Erik Skogen Graphic production: Grimshei Grafiske, Lørenskog ISBN 82-7666-057-6 Printed September 1993 CONTENTS PREFACE ............................................6 The Kongsfjorden area ....... ..........97 Smeerenburgfjorden - Magdalene- INTRODUCTION ..... .. .... ....... ........ ....6 fjorden - Liefdefjorden................ 109 Woodfjorden - Bockfjorden........ 116 THE GEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION OF SVALBARD .... ........... ....... .......... ..9 NORTHEASTERN SPITSBERGEN AND NORDAUSTLANDET ........... 123 SVALBARD, PART OF THE Ny Friesland and Olav V Land .. .123 NORTHERN POLAR REGION ...... ... 11 Nordaustlandet and the neigh- bouring islands........................... 126 WHA T TOOK PLACE IN SVALBARD - WHEN? ....
    [Show full text]
  • Climate in Svalbard 2100
    M-1242 | 2018 Climate in Svalbard 2100 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation NCCS report no. 1/2019 Photo: Ketil Isaksen, MET Norway Editors I.Hanssen-Bauer, E.J.Førland, H.Hisdal, S.Mayer, A.B.Sandø, A.Sorteberg CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 CLIMATE IN SVALBARD 2100 Commissioned by Title: Date Climate in Svalbard 2100 January 2019 – a knowledge base for climate adaptation ISSN nr. Rapport nr. 2387-3027 1/2019 Authors Classification Editors: I.Hanssen-Bauer1,12, E.J.Førland1,12, H.Hisdal2,12, Free S.Mayer3,12,13, A.B.Sandø5,13, A.Sorteberg4,13 Clients Authors: M.Adakudlu3,13, J.Andresen2, J.Bakke4,13, S.Beldring2,12, R.Benestad1, W. Bilt4,13, J.Bogen2, C.Borstad6, Norwegian Environment Agency (Miljødirektoratet) K.Breili9, Ø.Breivik1,4, K.Y.Børsheim5,13, H.H.Christiansen6, A.Dobler1, R.Engeset2, R.Frauenfelder7, S.Gerland10, H.M.Gjelten1, J.Gundersen2, K.Isaksen1,12, C.Jaedicke7, H.Kierulf9, J.Kohler10, H.Li2,12, J.Lutz1,12, K.Melvold2,12, Client’s reference 1,12 4,6 2,12 5,8,13 A.Mezghani , F.Nilsen , I.B.Nilsen , J.E.Ø.Nilsen , http://www.miljodirektoratet.no/M1242 O. Pavlova10, O.Ravndal9, B.Risebrobakken3,13, T.Saloranta2, S.Sandven6,8,13, T.V.Schuler6,11, M.J.R.Simpson9, M.Skogen5,13, L.H.Smedsrud4,6,13, M.Sund2, D. Vikhamar-Schuler1,2,12, S.Westermann11, W.K.Wong2,12 Affiliations: See Acknowledgements! Abstract The Norwegian Centre for Climate Services (NCCS) is collaboration between the Norwegian Meteorological In- This report was commissioned by the Norwegian Environment Agency in order to provide basic information for use stitute, the Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, Norwegian Research Centre and the Bjerknes in climate change adaptation in Svalbard.
    [Show full text]
  • Written Exam SH-201 the History of Svalbard the University Centre in Svalbard, Monday 6 February 2012
    Written exam SH-201 The History of Svalbard The University Centre in Svalbard, Monday 6 February 2012 The exam is a 3 hour written test. It consists of two parts: Part I is a multiple choice test of factual knowledge. Note: This sheet with answers to part I shall be handed in. Part II (see below) is an essay part where you write extensively about one of two alternative subjects. No aids except dictionary are permitted. You may answer in English, Norwegian, Swedish or Danish. 1 2 Part I counts approximately /3 and part II counts /3 of the grade at the evaluation, but adjustment may take place. Both parts must be passed in order to pass the whole exam. Part I: Multiple choice test. Make only one cross for each question. In what year was Bjørnøya discovered by Willem 1. 1569 1596 1603 Barentsz? 2. When did land-based whaling end on Svalbard? ca. 1630 ca. 1680 ca. 1720 Which geographical region did most Russian 3. Pechora Murmansk White Sea hunters and trappers come from? When did Norwegian hunters and trappers start 4. ca. 1700 the 1750s the 1820s going to Svalbard regularly? From when dates the first map to show the whole 5. 1598 1714 1872 Svalbard archipelago? A famous scientific expedition visited Svalbard in 6. Chichagov Fram 1838–39. Which name is it known under? Recherche Svalbard was for a long time a no man’s land. In 7. Norway Sweden Russia 1871, who took an initiative to annex the islands? 8. When did Norway formally take over sovereignty? 1916 1920 1925 When was the Sysselmann (Governor of Svalbard) 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Winning Coal at 78° North : Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City
    Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports - Open Reports 2009 Winning coal at 78° North : mining, contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in old Longyear City Seth C. DePasqual Michigan Technological University Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Copyright 2009 Seth C. DePasqual Recommended Citation DePasqual, Seth C., "Winning coal at 78° North : mining, contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in old Longyear City", Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2009. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etds/308 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etds Part of the Archaeological Anthropology Commons Winning Coal at 78˚ North: Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City By Seth C. DePasqual A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2009 This thesis, “Winning Coal at 78˚ North: Mining, Contingency and the Chaîne Opératoire in Old Longyear City” is hereby approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN INDUSTRIAL ARCHAEOLOGY. DEPARTMENT: Social Sciences Signatures: Thesis Advisor: ________________________________ Dr. Patrick E. Martin Department Chair: ______________________________ Dr. Patrick E. Martin Date: ______________________________ Acknowledgements This thesis would not have been possible without the encouraging words and guidance of my advisor Patrick Martin. His unremitting support saw me through a number of matters both academic and personal. I’d like to thank Carol MacLennan, who fostered my attention to socialized aspects of the Arctic Coal Company mining system and those related to the environment.
    [Show full text]
  • Alien Vascular Plants Recorded from the Barentsburg and Pyramiden Settlements, Svalbard
    Preslia, Praha, 76: 279–290, 2004 279 Alien vascular plants recorded from the Barentsburg and Pyramiden settlements, Svalbard Nepůvodní taxony cévnatých rostlin v okolí sídel Barentsburg a Pyramiden, Špicberky Jiří L i š k a1 & Zdeněk S o l d á n2 Dedicated to Professor Emil Hadač, a pioneer of Czech botanical research in the Arctic 1Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences, CZ-252 43 Průhonice, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected]; 2Department of Botany, Charles University, Benátská 2, CZ-128 01 Praha 2, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected] Liška J. & Soldán Z. (2004): Alien vascular plants recorded from Barentsburg and Pyramiden settle- ments, Svalbard. – Preslia, Praha, 76: 279–290. A list of alien plant species recorded from Svalbard in the summer of 1988 is presented. Two locali- ties, the Russian settlements of Barentsburg and Pyramiden on the Isfjorden, Spitsbergen, were studied. Prior to this study, almost 60 alien species were recorded from Svalbard by other investiga- tors. During the research reported here, 44 taxa were found, 14 of which are new records for the Svalbard archipelago. Six species are considered to be possibly naturalized; however, it is difficult to assess their naturalization status because of the severity of the climate in the study area. A com- plete list of species is presented, with information on height and phenological stage of particular specimens. Most of the alien plants recorded at the two settlements belong to the family Brassicaceae. K e y w o r d s : adventive, allochtonous, Arctic, flora, introduced, non-indigenous, plant invasions, Spitsbergen, Svalbard Introduction The expedition “Svalbard 1988”, 13 July to 10 August 1988, funded by the former Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences, focused on cryptogamology, in particular algology, lichenology, and bryology.
    [Show full text]
  • Oppføringen Av Isfjord Radio, Automatiske Radiofyr Og Fyr Belysning Pa Svalbard 1946
    Norges Svalbard- og Ishavs-undersøkelser Meddelelse nr. 67 Særtrykk av Norsk Geografisk Tidsskrift, bind XI, h. 5-6, 1947 REIDAR LYNGAAS OPPFØRINGEN AV ISFJORD RADIO, AUTOMATISKE RADIOFYR OG FYR­ BELYSNING PA SVALBARD 1946 A. W. B R Ø G G E R S B 0 K T RY K K E R I A/S - 0 S L 0 NORGES SVALBARD- OG ISHAVS-UNDERSØKELSER Observatoriegaten 1, Oslo MEDDELELSER Nr. I. PETTERSEN, K., ·Isforholdene i Nordishai•et i 1881 og 1882. Optrykk av avis­ artikler. Med en innledn. av A. Hoel. - Særtr. av Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr" · b. 1, h. 4. 1926. Kr. 1,00. [Utsolgt.] " 2. HOEL, A" Om ordninge11 av de territoriale krav på Svalbard. - Sertr. av Norsk Geogr. Tidsaler., b. 2, h. I. 1928. Kr. 1,60. [Utsolgt.] " 3. HOEL, fl." Suverenitetsspørsmålene i pofartraktene. - Særtr. av Nordmands­ Forbundet, årg. 21, h. 4 & 5. 1928. Kr. 1,00. [Utsolgt.] " 4. BROCH, 0. j., E. FJELD og A. HøYOAARD, På ski over den sydlige del av Spitsbergen. - Særtr. av Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr., b. 2, h. 3-4. 1928. Kr. 1,00. " 5 TANDBERG, ROLF S" Med hundespann på eftersøkning efter "ltalia"-folkene. - Særtr. av Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr. b. 2, h. 3-4. 1928. Kr. 2,20. " 6. KJÆR, IL Farvannsbeskrivelse over kysten av Bjørnøya. 1929. Kr. 1,60. " 7. NORGES SVALBARD- OG ISHAVS-UNDERSØKELSER, fan Mayen. En oversikt over øens natur, historie og bygning. - Særtr. av Norsk Geogr. Tidsskr., b. 2, h. 7. 1929. Kr. 1,60. !Utsolgt.] " 8. I. LID, JOHANNES, Mariskardet på. Svalbard. li. (SACHSEN, FRIDTJOV, Tidligere utforskning av områ.det mellem Isfjorden og Wijdebay på.
    [Show full text]
  • Svalbard 2015–2016 Meld
    Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security Published by: Norwegian Ministry of Justice and Public Security Public institutions may order additional copies from: Norwegian Government Security and Service Organisation E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.publikasjoner.dep.no KET T Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) Telephone: + 47 222 40 000 ER RY M K Ø K J E L R I I Photo: Longyearbyen, Tommy Dahl Markussen M 0 Print: 07 PrintMedia AS 7 9 7 P 3 R 0 I 1 08/2017 – Impression 1000 N 4 TM 0 EDIA – 2 Svalbard 2015–2016 Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) 1 Svalbard Meld. St. 32 (2015–2016) Report to the Storting (white paper) Svalbard Translation from Norwegian. For information only. Table of Contents 1 Summary ........................................ 5 6Longyearbyen .............................. 39 1.1 A predictable Svalbard policy ........ 5 6.1 Introduction .................................... 39 1.2 Contents of each chapter ............... 6 6.2 Areas for further development ..... 40 1.3 Full overview of measures ............. 8 6.2.1 Tourism: Longyearbyen and surrounding areas .......................... 41 2Background .................................. 11 6.2.2 Relocation of public-sector jobs .... 43 2.1 Introduction .................................... 11 6.2.3 Port development ........................... 44 2.2 Main policy objectives for Svalbard 11 6.2.4 Svalbard Science Centre ............... 45 2.3 Svalbard in general ........................ 12 6.2.5 Land development in Longyearbyen ................................ 46 3 Framework under international 6.2.6 Energy supply ................................ 46 law .................................................... 17 6.2.7 Water supply .................................. 47 3.1 Norwegian sovereignty .................. 17 6.3 Provision of services .....................
    [Show full text]
  • Sea Ice Cover in Isfjorden and Hornsund, Svalbard (2000-2014) from Remote Sensing Data S
    Manuscript prepared for J. Name with version 2015/04/24 7.83 Copernicus papers of the LATEX class copernicus.cls. Date: 3 December 2015 Sea ice cover in Isfjorden and Hornsund, Svalbard (2000-2014) from remote sensing data S. Muckenhuber1, F. Nilsen2,3, A. Korosov1, and S. Sandven1 1Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center (NERSC), Thormøhlensgate 47, 5006 Bergen, Norway 2University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P.O. Box 156, 9171 Longyearbyen, Norway 3Geophysical Institute, University of Bergen, P.O. Box 7800, 5020 Bergen, Norway Correspondence to: S. Muckenhuber ([email protected]) Abstract. A satellite database including 16 555 satellite images and ice charts displaying the area of Isfjorden, Hornsund and the Svalbard region has been established with focus on the time period 2000–2014. 3319 manual interpretations of sea ice conditions have been conducted, resulting in two time series dividing the area of Isfjorden and Hornsund into “Fast ice” (sea ice attached to the coast- 5 line), “Drift ice” and “Open water”. The maximum fast ice coverage of Isfjorden is > 40 % in the periods 2000–2005 and 2009–2011 and stays < 30 % in 2006–2008 and 2012–2014. Fast ice cover in Hornsund reaches > 40 % in all considered years, except for 2012 and 2014, where the maximum stays < 20 %. The mean seasonal cycles of fast ice in Isfjorden and Hornsund show monthly aver- aged values of less than 1 % between July and November and maxima in March (Isfjorden, 35.7 %) 10 and April (Hornsund, 42.1 %) respectively. A significant reduction of the monthly averaged fast ice coverage is found when comparing the time periods 2000–2005 and 2006–2014.
    [Show full text]
  • Forhåndsmelding Med Forslag Til Utredningsprogram, Isfjord Radio
    Forhåndsmelding Ny energiforsyning på Isfjord Radio September 2020 SNSK Forhåndsmelding Forord SNSK legger med dette frem forhåndsmelding med forslag til konsekvensutredningsprogram for ny energiforsyning til Isfjord Radio, Svalbard. I tråd med svalbardmiljøloven og Forskrift om konsekvensutredninger og avgrensning av planområdene på Svalbard er denne forhåndsmeldingen utarbeidet som en orientering om utbyggingsplanene. I tillegg inneholder forhåndsmeldingen en foreløpig vurdering av tiltakets konsekvenser for villmark, landskap, flora, fauna, kulturminner og samfunn, basert på tilgjengelig kunnskap på meldingstidspunktet, samt et forslag til utredningsprogram. Meldingen er basert på informasjon fra ulike offentlige databaser, eksisterende rapporter, befaring/feltarbeid 6.-7. juli 2020 samt kontakt med Sysselmannen på Svalbard. Meldingen vil bli sendt på høring. På den måten vil ulike interesser og aktører som kan bli berørt av en eventuell utbygging, bli informert om utbyggingsplanene på et tidlig stadium, og de får anledning til å komme med innspill på forhold som det bør tas spesielt hensyn til i den videre planleggingen. Innspillene skal være med å avgjøre hvilke utredninger som må gjennomføres for å klargjøre mulige konsekvenser av de planlagte tiltakene. De endelige utbyggingsplanene vil ikke bli fastlagt før alle konsekvensene av en utbygging er klarlagt. Vi gjør derfor oppmerksom på at informasjonen i denne meldingen er å betrakte som foreløpig, og at det kan bli mindre justeringer frem mot en endelig søknad. Meldingen oversendes Sysselmannen på Svalbard, som behandler den i henhold til gjeldende lovverk. Høringsuttalelser til meldingen sendes til følgende adresse: Sysselmannen på Svalbard Postboks 633 9171 Longyearbyen Longyearbyen/Tromsø, 9. september 2020 Sveinung Lystrup Thesen Tom Langeid Eiendomssjef Oppdragsleder Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani AS Multiconsult Norge AS 9.
    [Show full text]
  • Review Article: Permafrost Trapped Natural Gas in Svalbard, Norway
    https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-2021-226 Preprint. Discussion started: 9 August 2021 c Author(s) 2021. CC BY 4.0 License. 1 Review Article: Permafrost Trapped Natural Gas in 2 Svalbard, Norway 3 Authors: Thomas Birchall*1, 2, Malte Jochmann1, 3, Peter Betlem1, 2, Kim Senger1, Andrew 4 Hodson1, Snorre Olaussen1 5 1Department of Arctic Geology, The University Centre in Svalbard, P.O. Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, 6 Svalbard, Norway 7 2Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1047, Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 8 3Store Norske Spitsbergen Kulkompani AS, Vei 610 2, 9170 Longyearbyen, Svalbard. Norway 9 *Correspondence to: Thomas Birchall ([email protected]) 10 11 Abstract. Permafrost has become an increasingly important subject in the High Arctic archipelago of Svalbard. 12 However, whilst the uppermost permafrost intervals have been well studied, the processes at its base and the 13 impacts of the underlying geology have been largely overlooked. More than a century of coal, hydrocarbon and 14 scientific drilling through the permafrost interval shows that accumulations of natural gas trapped at the base 15 permafrost is common. They exist throughout Svalbard in several stratigraphic intervals and show both 16 thermogenic and biogenic origins. These accumulations combined with the relatively young permafrost age 17 indicate gas migration, driven by isostatic rebound, is presently ongoing throughout Svalbard. The accumulation 18 sizes are uncertain, but one case demonstrably produced several million cubic metres of gas over eight years. Gas 19 encountered in two boreholes on the island of Hopen appears to be situated in the gas hydrate stability zone and 20 thusly extremely voluminous.
    [Show full text]
  • Russian Scientific Center on Spitsbergen Dr
    Federal Service for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring of Russia (Roshydromet) Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute Russian Scientific Center on Spitsbergen Dr. Anna Nikulina [email protected] ARCTIC AND ANTARCTIC RESEARCH INSTITUTE, SPB, RUSSIA METEOROLOGY GEOPHYSICS (PALEO)GEOGRAPHY SHELF HYDROGRAPHY SURFACE LAYER Since 1920, started as Northern MARINE ICE Research and Trade Expedition PACIFIC HALOCLINE ATLANTIC HALOCLINE 1000 m ATLANTIC WATER OCEANOGRAPHY Drifting station North Pole-1, 1937 2000 m 3000 m ARCTIC DEEP WATER Research stations Billefjorden Svalbard Pyramiden Grønfjorden Barentsburg Establishing of the Russian Scientific Center on Spitsbergen (RSCS) • 11 Russian Institutes of different branches doing research on the archipelago; • Russian Scientific Center on Spitsbergen (RSCS) is to coordinate and facilitate their activity; • 2009 – 2013: the main infrastructure was built and renovated; • 2014: the concept of the Center was approved by the Government of the Russian Federation; • Since April 4, 2016: the RSCS got independent status, run by AARI; • Permanent staff of 7 (2016); • Hosts over 40 researchers (2016). Next steps • Infrastructure of Russian institutions on Spitsbergen is to be united; • Coordinated research programme; • Student and PhD training; • Involving more participants. The infrastructure of Research Center in Barentsburg Meteo/geophysical Satellite Receiving Observatory Station Logistics/Transport Analytical Laboratory Satellite receiving / transmission site • Built and supported by Kongsberg
    [Show full text]
  • The Svalbard Airport Temperature Series
    Bulletin of Geography – physical geography series No 3/2010: 5–25 https://www.doi.org/10.2478/bgeo-2010-0001 Øyvind Nordli Norwegian Meteorological Institute, PO Box 43, Blindern, NO-0313 Oslo, Norway [email protected] THE SVALBARD AIRPORT TEMPERATURE SERIES Abstract: In the Isfjorden region of Spitsbergen in the Svalbard archipel- ago, the air temperature has been observed continuously at different sites since 1911 (except for a break during WW II). The thermal conditions at these various sites turned out to be different so that nesting the many se- ries together in one composite time series would produce an inhomogenous long-term series. By using the SNHT (Standard Normal Homogeneity Test) the differences between the sites were assessed and the series adjusted ac- cordingly. This resulted in an homogenised, composite series mainly from Green Harbour (Finneset in Grønfjorden), Barentsburg (also in Grønfjor- den), Longyearbyen and the current observation site at Svalbard Airport. A striking feature in the series is a pronounced, abrupt change from cold temperature in the 1910s to warmth in the 1930s, when temperature reached a local maximum. This event is called the early 20th century warming. There- after the temperature decreased to a local minimum in the 1960s before the start of another increase that still seems to be ongoing. For the whole series, statistically significant positive trends were detected by the Mann-Kendall test for annual and seasonal values (except for winter). Quite often the Norwegian Meteorological Institute receives queries about long-term temperature series from Svalbard. Hopefully, the Svalbard Airport composite series will fulfil this demand for data.
    [Show full text]