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Abstracts from the 3Rd ECFG Fungal Genetics Reports Volume 43 Article 34 Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG European Congress on Fungal Genetics Follow this and additional works at: https://newprairiepress.org/fgr This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 License. Recommended Citation European Congress on Fungal Genetics. (1996) "Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG," Fungal Genetics Reports: Vol. 43, Article 34. https://doi.org/10.4148/1941-4765.1330 This Supplementary Material is brought to you for free and open access by New Prairie Press. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fungal Genetics Reports by an authorized administrator of New Prairie Press. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG Abstract Abstracts from the European Congress on Fungal Genetics #3, held March 27-30, 1996, Munster, Germany This supplementary material is available in Fungal Genetics Reports: https://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol43/iss1/34 : Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG European Congress on Fungal Genetics #3 Held March 27-30, 1996 Munster, Germany Table of Contents Lecture Abstracts ...................................................................................................................... 1 Poster Abstracts, Differentiation ..................................................................................... 20 Poster Abstracts, Biotechnology ...................................................................................... 49 Poster Abstracts, Fungal-host- interaction and signal transduction .................. 81 Poster Abstracts, Fungal Transposons ......................................................................... 126 Poster Abstracts, Molecular Karyotyping and Gene Mapping ............................. 137 Poster Abstracts, Beta-lactam Antibiotics .................................................................. 153 Poster Abstracts, Gene Expression ................................................................................ 165 Poster Abstracts, Novel Molecular Tools..................................................................... 186 Poster Abstracts, Extracellular Enzymes .................................................................... 209 List of Participants .............................................................................................................. 253 Lecture Abstracts Hyphal Growth and Development J. G. H. Wessels Dept. of Plant Biology, University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9 751 NN Haren, The Netherlands Growth by means of apically extending hyphae provides fungi with a certain mobility to locate organic resources, permits penetration of solid substrata, and enables formation of multihyphal structures. Plants are totally dependent on these hypha-based fungal activities, both for their degradation and nutrition, although pathological interactions have also developed. Fundamental to hyphal growth is extension of the wall at the growing Published by New Prairie Press, 2017 1 Fungal Genetics Reports, Vol. 43 [1996], Art. 34 apex (cellular morphogenesis). Apart from the apical cytoskeleton, plastic deformation and subsequent hardening of the wall play important roles (steady-state growth theory). The inside to outside growth of the wall also leads to efficient translocation of proteins over the nascent wall at the apex (bulk-flow hypothesis). Among secreted proteins are extracellular enzymes and wall proteins, such as hydrophobins. Hydrophobins display self-assembly into amphipathic films when confronted with a hydrophilic-hydrophobic interface (molecular morphogenesis). In this way, hydrophobins are thought to be involved in, for instance, formation of aerial hyphae, dissemination of spores, formation of fruit bodies, and numerous interactions between fungi and plants. Hydrophobins may therefore be central to evolution of both fungi and plants. Hydrophobin-based activities of fungi also inspire industrial applications. Fungal Genetics: From Fundamental Research to Biotechnology Karl Esser, Allgemeine Botanik, Ruhr-Universitat, D-44780 Bochum Fungal genetics is a rather young discipline in science as compared to biotechnology which is, albeit unconciously, correlated with begin of human civilization. It was at first almost exclusively devoted to fundamental research and came only during the last two decades in close relation to biotechnology, when it appeared meaningful to apply chromosomal genetics in a concerted manner to improve the production or transformation capacities of industrial fungi. A landmark in the young relation between fungal genetics and biotechnology was the discovery of fungal plasmids and its relationship to mitochondrial DNA. Thus it became possible to incooperate also the fungi in the concept of genetic engineering, previously established for prokaryotes. After a short historical survey I will present trends in fundamental research of chromosomal and extrachromosomal genetics, involving breeding systems, recombination, gene expression, extrachromsomal genetic elements and genetic engineering. This will be followed by trends in https://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol43/iss1/34 DOI: 10.4148/1941-4765.1330 2 : Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG biotechnology and in conclusion with the future development of fungal genetics. Molecular Genetics of Vegetative Incompatibility in the Filamentous Fungus Podospora anserina Begueret Joel, IBGC,- CNRS-UPR9026,- Laboratoire de Genetique Moleculaire des Champignons Filamenteux,- 33077 Bordeaux France Vegetative incompatibility is common to filamentous fungi. This process prevents the formation of heterokaryons between strains which are non-isogenic for het loci. In most cases the filaments of incompatible strains can fuse but a necrotic reaction rapidly destroys the heterokaryotic cells. Cloning genes involved in vegetative incompatibility has now been initiated in several species and some genes have been characterized providing the basis to understand their function and the mechanisms that are induced after the coexpression of incompatible het genes. In Podospora anserina we have cloned genes from several het loci. Comparison of differents alleles from the same locus provide evidence that incompatibility might be the consequence of the evolutionary divergence in natural populations, of genes that have a basic function in cell physiology. From sequence data and mutant phenotypes, it appears that some het genes, but also mod genes, the mutations of which suppress or attenuate incompatibility, encode proteins that are involved in signal transduction essential for some differentiation stages. These results will be discussed with reference to the role of vegetative incompatibility in natural populations of fungi. Sexual Development in Podospora anserina: Reproductive Structures, Mating Types and Peroxisomes Adoutte A., Arnaise S., Berteaux-Lecellier V., Coppin E. Debuchy Published by New Prairie Press, 2017 3 Fungal Genetics Reports, Vol. 43 [1996], Art. 34 R., Graia F., Picard M., Zickler D. IGM, Batiment 400, Universite de Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France Two interesting developmental problems were brought to light during the study of sexual reproduction in P. anserina. The mat+ and mat- mating types were shown to control a recognition process not only during fertilization, but also at a later stage, when reproductive nuclei which have devided in a common cytoplasm form a mat+/mat- pair within the ascogenous hyphae (1). We found that mutations in the single mat+ gene, FPR1, and in two of the three mat- genes, FMR1 and SMR2, inpaired the formation of mat+lmat- dicaryons and led to production of uniparental progeny. These arose from homocaryotic ascogenous hyphae with one or a pair of mat mutant nuclei. In contrast, mutations in SMR1 caused sterility. Complementation studies clarified the role played by each mat gene. The absence of internuclear complementation in SMR2 mutants indicated that the SMR2 protein returns to the nucleus in which the gene has been transcribed. Thus, SMR2 may control mat- identity. Opposite data suggest that FMR1 is not the main determinant of identity, but acts as an enhancer of SMR2. In agreement with that, SMR2 and FMR 1 proteins were shown to interact in the yeast two- hybrid system. The sterility of the SMR1 mutants and their internuclear complementation suggest a different function for SMR1, which might act either prior to or after FMR1 and SMR2. As it can be present in either mat+ or mat- nuclei, or in both, it is not a bona fide mating type gene. Identification of the mat target genes will help to elucidate how mat genes ensure recognition between nuclei. A link between sexual development and peroxisomes was suggested by the demonstration that the car1 gene, involved in caryogamy, encodes a peroxisomal protein (2). The analysis of revertants has identified new genes involved in sexual development and fatty acid metabolism. These should clarify the role of peroxisomes in the sexual cycle. In an attempt to discover new developmental pathways, we have cloned and are sequencing three genes involved in the formation of the male gametes and/or the female organs. https://newprairiepress.org/fgr/vol43/iss1/34 DOI: 10.4148/1941-4765.1330 4 : Abstracts from the 3rd ECFG 1- Zickler et al. (1995) Genetics 140, 493-503. 2- Berteaux-Lecellier et al. (1995) Cell 81, 1043-1051 Control of Sexual Development in Schizophyllum commune by the B Mating Type Locus Erika Kothe, Jorg Hegner, Klaus Lengeler, Angela Mankel, Carola Siebert-Bartholmei and Jurgen Wendland Marburg, Germany The multiallelic
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