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Kalaureia 1894: a Cultural History of the First Swedish Excavation in Greece

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Kalaureia 1894: a Cultural History of the First Swedish Excavation in Greece STOCKHOLM STUDIES IN ARCHAEOLOGY 69 Kalaureia 1894: A Cultural History of the First Swedish Excavation in Greece Ingrid Berg Kalaureia 1894 A Cultural History of the First Swedish Excavation in Greece Ingrid Berg ©Ingrid Berg, Stockholm University 2016 ISSN 0349-4128 ISBN 978-91-7649-467-7 Printed in Sweden by Holmbergs, Malmö 2016 Distributor: Dept. of Archaeology and Classical Studies Front cover: Lennart Kjellberg and Sam Wide in the Sanctu- ary of Poseidon on Kalaureia in 1894. Photo: Sven Kristen- son’s archive, LUB. Till mamma och pappa Acknowledgements It is a surreal feeling when something that you have worked hard on materi- alizes in your hand. This is not to say that I am suddenly a believer in the inherent agency of things, rather that the book before you is special to me because it represents a crucial phase of my life. Many people have contrib- uted to making these years exciting and challenging. After all – as I continu- ously emphasize over the next 350 pages – archaeological knowledge pro- duction is a collective affair. My first heartfelt thanks go to my supervisor Anders Andrén whose profound knowledge of cultural history and excellent creative ability to connect the dots has guided me through this process. Thank you, Anders, for letting me explore and for showing me the path when I got lost. My next thanks go to my second supervisor Arto Penttinen who encouraged me to pursue a Ph.D. and who has graciously shared his knowledge and experiences from the winding roads of classical archaeology. Thank you, Arto, for believing in me and for critically reviewing my work. My sincere thank you goes to all the members of the Kalaureia Research Program for encouraging me along the way and sharing your knowledge about the Sanctuary of Poseidon. In particular, I would like to thank Yannis Hamilakis for encouraging me to pursue this topic at an initial stage and whose research has been an inspiration, and Aris Anagnostopoulos for gen- erously sharing and translating archive material from Greece, for reading drafts, and for being a good friend. During the writing process, I stumbled, fell, and the amazing Anna Källén pulled me back up. I am deeply indebted to you, Anna, and I will never forget the lessons you taught me about my- self and about academia. Elin Engström and I met on my very first day at Stockholm University, and she has been a critical voice and a continuous support and ally. Meeting you, Elin, is one of the best things that this book represents. A special thank you to Elisabeth Niklasson whose brilliant comments, exceptional dedication and creativity made this journey so much richer. During these years, I have belonged to several research collectives. The Graduate School for Studies in Cultural History (FoKult) has been my home, and I have had the immense privilege to get to know nineteen bril- liant young researchers, and a generous and encouraging steering commit- tee. Thank you all for commenting on drafts, for being great travel com- panions and for demonstrating that interdisciplinary research is not only the future but also a lot of fun. A special thank you to Emma Hagström Molin, Lisa Ehlin, Daniel Strand, and Adam Hjortén. Robin Böckerman and Niklas Haga, my favorite philologists and lovers of sauna, helped me with Latin and Greek. Thank you also to the staff at the Department of Archaeology and Classical Studies for providing archaeological grounding and an inspir- ing environment. Thank you to all of my fellow Ph.D. students for the sup- port, the interest in my work, and for being great friends! Ylva Sjöstrand and Elin Fornander introduced me to the world of thesis writing and made my first years fun. A special thank you to Anna Sörman, Cecilia Ljung, Jen- ny Nyberg, Alison Klevnäs, Marte Spangen, Linda Qviström, Linn Eikje, Magnus Ljunge, Kerstin Odebäck Näversköld, Florent Audy, Anna André- asson, Anna Röst, and Markus Fjellström whose spirit and emotional sup- port have been crucial, and to Per Nilsson my partner-in-crime in teaching for having a great sense of humour and an awe-inspiring ability to stand an argument on its head. I want to thank the higher seminar at the section for Classical Archaeology and Ancient History at the department, and especially Arja Karivieri, for inviting me into their research environment, for insightful comments on my work, and for making me feel at home. Thank you to Julia Habetzeder and Patrik Klingborg for reviewing early drafts with critical sensitivity, and to Jenni Hjolman, Johannes Siapkas, Tess Paulson and Ped- ro Betancour for the support. Lena Sjögren read my final drafts and I am grateful for her insightful comments and revisions. Thank you Robin Rönn- lund for being an awesome person, and for copying letters at GUB for me. Gullög Nordquist in Uppsala shares my interest in Wide and Kjellberg and generously provided me with information – thank you Gullög! Thank you to Anna Gustavsson, for being such a great colleague and sister-in-arms, and thank you to Ulf R. Hansson for chairing a session at EAA with me and Anna. Thank you to Alexander Svedberg for cheering me along and for introducing me to RuPaul’s Drag Race, a show that, in all seriousness, has a lot in common with academia and that has helped me manage these last few years. Working at the Royal Library in Stockholm, I have found a great net- work and new friends. Thank you to the “KB-gang” for mayo-lunches, cof- fees, and inspiring talks on life and research. You made this last year so much easier! A special thank you to Annika Berg and Fia Sundevall (and Kerstin) for reading drafts and tending to me. And finally, a warm and heartfelt thank you to Frederick Whitling for sharing your knowledge on the history of Swedish classical archaeology, for sympathizing with my love for various odd tidbits from archives, and for sharing source material as well as the ‘occasional’ inspirational cocktail. In 2013, I spent four months at the Swedish Institute at Athens, and I would like to thank the board and the staff for the generous grant and for the inspiring working environment. A special thank you to Monica Nilsson for friendship and support (and for taking me to the snake-infested Aphid- na). Josefin Palmqvist transcribed letters for me which have been a great help. Thank you also to the Makrakomi Landscape Project for providing much needed breaks from writing, and to all my friends that I have met in Greece through the years. A special thank you to Christina Kolb for the photos of the National Museum and to Despina Catapoti for great conver- sations. Many archives were visited and I like to thank the staff at Carolina Rediviva and Museum Gustavianum in Uppsala, Lund University Library, Gothenburg University Library, Antikvarisk-topografiska arkivet, and the Royal Library in Stockholm. Thank you to Joachim Heiden at the German Archaeological Institute in Athens for swift assistance. Ann-Louise Schallin and Niki Eriksson helped me photograph Wide’s collection at the Museum of Antiquities in Gothenburg – thank you so much! Thank you also to Nektarios Sarantopoulos at the Poros Museum for all the help and assis- tance and to Marianthi Papadiamanti at the archive in Poros for giving me and Aris access to its collections. Thank you also to the Museum of Medi- terranean and Near Eastern Antiquities in Stockholm, and especially to Fredrik Helander and Elisabet Schön. Charlotte Mulcare not only revised my English, but contributed with kind words when I needed it the most, and Moa Ekbom revised my final drafts. Thank you ladies! Any mistakes left are my own. Without friends, I would have been lost a long time ago. I would like to send my love to my Skåne-crew: Sofie, Johannes, Melissa, Andreas, Carro, Sara, Marcus, Emma, Niklas, Stella, Paul, David, Lovisa, and Elin H. Thank you Denizhan for being there for me and, even though life took a different turn, I am grateful for your continued friendship and support. To Karin, Carolin, Marie and their families: thank you for being there for me and I love you. This book was completed and published with generous grants from Stiftel- sen Enboms donationsfond, Stiftelsen Olle Engkvist Byggmästare, Johan och Jakob Söderbergs stiftelse, Helge Ax:son Johnssons stiftelse, and Stiftel- sen Oscar Montelii minnesfond. Finally, I could never have accomplished this without the loving support from my parents, Göran and Birgitta, who inspired an interest in history (mostly dad) and an interest in social relations (mostly mom). I dedicate this book to them. Tack mamma och pappa för att ni lärt mig att tro på mig själv och för allt stöd under dessa år. Den här boken är tillägnad er. Frescati, August 2016. Contents Acknowledgements ............................................................... vii Abbreviations ....................................................................... 15 Preface................................................................................ 17 Introduction ......................................................................... 19 Why Kalaureia? Purpose and research questions .................................. 21 Archaeology as cultural practice .................................................... 22 Historiographical representations ................................................... 23 A cultural history of archaeology – theoretical premises and previous research ........................................................................................ 25 History of archaeology ................................................................. 26 Cultural
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