WHO IS JOHN SMITH? By Esther H. M. Power Paper prepared for Terrace Park Woman’s Club October 2002

On a rock at the bend of Elm Road in Terrace Park there is a plaque which reads: Honoring John Smith First Settler on this land Baptist Preacher and leader Merchant and Miller Ardent proponent of Statehood First Senator 1803-08 Advisor to President Jefferson Located behind the rock across the field is John Smith’s original log house built about 1800 now encased and enlarged. Although not Smith’s first house in the area, it is one of the oldest. He occupied it for about 10 or 12 years. Smith arrived in Columbia in the spring of 1791 from the Redstone area of Western Pennsylvania which was for many pioneers from the east a place of new beginnings or a place of departure before moving farther west. Pioneers had their flat boats and keel boats built there. Among familiar names from Redstone area who came to Southwest Ohio were Covalt, Goforth, Stites, Corbley/Corbly and Smith. None of these arrived as coonskin capped woodsmen. Smith’s life can be seen as a four-act play, each act set in the place of his residence. The main character, John Smith, has been described “as a man of fine appearance, having a dark complexion and dark eyes. His step was bold, his carriage confident and erect. He spoke clearly and emphatically.” (1) Sometimes, his wife thought he spoke too loudly.

Prologue: The time frame is post-American Revolution and the first quarter of the 19th century. When Smith arrived in Western Pennsylvania is not known nor is there any information about his early years except that he was born and educated in Virginia. However, how much schooling he had is uncertain since one who knew him has written that Smith’s intellect made up for his lack of education. (2) His writings tend to support this view. When he became a Baptist is also unknown. Since Baptists were ill-treated in Virginia, it may have been reason enough for his departure. It’s also possible that he became acquainted with the many Baptists in the Redstone area. Scattered among Western Pennsylvania militia and ranger records the name John Smith appears in a few places; there’s no certainly that it’s our John. Had he another name of even a middle initial, tracing him would have been somewhat easier. It’s easy to latch onto the wrong John and go down a false trail.

Act I – Set in Western Pennsylvania Smith’s only military service appears in an account when he joined Colonel William Crawford’s group heading for Sandusky to fight the Indians in 1782. Smith, however, had a minor mishap at the beginning and turned back. Unfortunately for Crawford, he met with serious defeat, was captured, tortured and burned at a stake. In addition to his military service, Crawford is remembered on his memorial marker as: “Indian trader, surveyor, farmer, and land speculator”: (3) not too different from hats Smith would wear. The same year a massacre took place at the Forks of the Cheat Baptist Church (now in West Virginia because of boundary shifts). The church had been founded by John Corbley, Sr. a few years earlier. His wife, an infant, a son about six and a daughter were all killed by Indians. Two daughters survived scalping. (4) Corbley’s descendants erected a monument at the site noting Corbley as “patriot, soldier, legislator, draftsman, and minister”. (5) This, too, pretty much defines John Smith. Capable pioneers took on many roles. John Smith’s link to the Cheat River Church is that he was received into it in 1788, then called to his ordination there and became pastor in 179O. Soon therafter, however, he requested a letter of dismission. (6) What called him west is a matter of speculation.

Act II – Set in Columbia, Ohio When Smith arrived, he brought with him his considerable talents, ambitions, and energy and soon became well regarded and known as a merchant, trader, miller, speculator as well as minister. The Columbia Baptist Church called “our beloved Brother John Smith” in 1791 as its first called minister after hearing him preach as a guest. He accepted the call and, for the first year, agreed to spend half his time preaching in Cincinnati. (7) While in Columbia, he officiated at the marriage of Mary Covalt and Joseph Jones. The pioneer church was built on land purchased from Benjamin Stites. Only the cemetery and a memorial marker celebrating the 100th anniversary of the arrival of the first boatload of pioneers remain to mark the spot across from Lunken Airport. After Anthony Wayne defeated the Indians at the Battle of Fallen Timbers in 1794, the Indians essentially left the area, and pioneers felt safer to move out from the protection of the stations and small settlements and buy larger or more desirable tracts of land. Smith took early advantage of this opportunity and started buying land. With Evan Barnes and Samuel Heighway, he purchased 30-40,000 acres in Warren County from for whom he served as agent for some sales. Sometimes Smith accepted grain and livestock in payment and then sold them down the Mississippi for profit. Money was scarce on the frontier and much business was done by barter and on credit. In time, Smith acquired the land that became Fairfax. His holdings in the general area of present day Terrace Park reached 750 or more acres. And these were just some of his purchases. In time, he delegated some of his real estate business to others to represent him. By 1796 he was the second highest taxpayer after Benjamin Stites in Columbia Township. (8) Smith was a family man. He had a wife, Elizabeth Mason Hickman, and five known children: Ambrose, Lewis, John, James and Ann. Indians killed Elizabeth’s first husband, Lewis Hickman, and left her at a very young age (13 or 15) with a small daughter, Mary. Elizabeth’s brother, William Mason, came west and settled a little farther north. Mason, Ohio is named for him. An English visitor, Francis Baily, described breakfast with the Smiths in Columbia in 1797 on land they had purchased where Crawfish Creek, now Delta, runs into the Ohio River: This house bore the marks of industry and cleanliness, and we were regaled with tea and coffee and boiled chicken…. and buckwheat cakes…. The farm of this gentleman consists of several acres of land joining his farmhouse which he keeps in high cultivation…. His warehouse was near the waterside. It consisted of one room, where he brings down the river such articles of European manufacture as are in most demand. (9) This suggests that he may have been in trade before coming to Ohio. His store was the second to open in Columbia. One writer relates that “Indians came to trade their skins and pelts for trinkets, powder and backwoods supplies at ’s log store or that of Baptist preacher, John Smith.” (10) Not all Indians in the area had been friendly having ambushed and killed Abraham Covalt and soon after his son Abraham near Covalt Station and others not far from Columbia. Once a public notice in the newspaper announced a reward for Indian scalps with the right ear attached. (10a) Smith’s travel, trade and political activities began to interfere with his church work at Columbia and by mutual consent he gave up his duties as pastor of the Columbia Baptist Church. Before long he was pastor for a couple of years of the Miami Island Church, sometimes called the Island Church, a small congregation said to be located about seven miles up the Little Miami River. To date, no one has been able to fix the exact location. The best guess is that it was somewhere around Round Bottom, itself an imprecise location generally thought to be near the ford in the river where the present Ford Road in Terrace Park crossed the Little Miami River. Small Baptist churches sprang up in the area, but most were short-lived. Smith became a leader in the Baptist Association, an inter-church organization, and served on a committee “to draw up general principles of faith, practice and decorum.” He helped fledgling groups. John Corbley, Jr. (son of his father’s second marriage), who had preceeded Smith to the area and was briefly at the Island Church, went on to found the Clough Baptist Church in Mt. Washington. He’s buried at the site of the old church now on private property off Clough Pike between Bridges Lane and Berkshire Road. Corbly Road is named for the family. Some years later a little Baptist meetinghouse was built where Indian Hill and Old Indian Hill Roads now diverge. A few remaining cemetery stones are at St. Thomas Church for safe keeping and are the only known artifacts from this time.

Act III – Set at Round Bottom with the scene shifting to Louisiana, Mississippi Territory and Washington. Smith’s attention continued to focus on trade, land speculation and politics. Since 1795 a treaty with Spain had opened the Mississippi River to free trade down to New Orleans. As early as 1799, Smith had been in Louisiana signing a partnership agreement with Reuben Kemper of the well-known Cincinnati family. They agreed to sell their merchandise “to the best advantage for cotton or other commutable [exchangeable] articles.” (12) Much of what they offered was merchandise from . Over time Smith and Kemper disagreed over accounting measures and ownership of certain acres. After many years of legal battle the land suit was settled in favor of Smith; he later deeded that land at Bayou Sara Landing to Ambrose, his son, to promote as a settlement and trading post. Reuben, who became involved in the West Florida Controversy, was kidnapped for his political activity, escaped, caught up with his kidnappers, cut the ear off one and displayed it in a jar in his tavern. The original Kemper-Smith agreement was signed at Bayou Sara on the Mississippi below the bluffs where St. Francisville is today. His friend, David Bradford, witnessed the document. He had stopped in Cincinnati on his way to Spanish territory after being indicted for treason for his part in the Whiskey Rebellion in Western Pennsylvania. He was a lawyer and District Attorney General. The fact that he had stopped to see Smith later would give Smith’s detractors more ammunition - that he had harbored a treasonous person. In time, Smith, too, would seek refuge in the south after being indicted, but cleared of charges of treason for his association with . For the decade of 1800-1810 Smith’s activities increased, taking him east and south while maintaining his home in Round Bottom. It is unclear whether he built his mill at Round Bottom before his house, but his mill was there by 1800, and his established address was Round Botton by 1802. It seems he kept a foothold in Columbia because in a letter of 1806 he mentions “my farmhouse at Columbia and tree nursery there.” (13) In another later letter, he mentions the availability of his new house for rent, but does not indicate where the house is. (14) The settlers needed mills to provide grain, wood and lumber for food, clothing and shelter. Smith had a grist and sawmill. Among the earliest mills on or close to the Little Miami River between Columbia and what is now Milford ---not in chronological order --- were those of Wickersham, Beasley, Armstrong, Smith, Covalt and Waldschmidt. To provide better access to mill, meetinghouse, neighbor and stores, Smith was among those who petitioned for new or re-aligned roads. They also made getting goods and produce to the river for shipment south easier. It was too expensive to ship things east. In one instance Smith petitioned the County Commissioners to alter a road from Columbia to Armstrong’s mill in the part that passed through John’s land which, he wrote, “would be of material benefit to the petitioner … without disadvantage to the public.” (15) Another road to benefit him opened opposite his mill connecting to the road from Newtown to Williamsburg. Newspapers of the day became vehicles not only for news, but more importantly for advertisements, notices, letters and political views. Smith used the papers in all these ways. They were especially useful for his views and for notifying readers of valuable land for sale. A sampling of items from the Western Spy and Hamilton Gazette and The Freeman’s Journal in the fall of 1802 provides a glimpse of Smith’s activities at that time at Round Bottom. Item: Rev. John Smith will preach in Cincinnati tomorrow. Item: The editors of the Western Spy ask those indebted to them to settle their account by bringing wheat to Smith’s mill. Item: William Stanley wants to buy rye at John Smith’s mill. Item: Smith has land for sale in John Symmes patent. He Also asks those indebted to him to make payments in pork to Daniel Connor in Cincinnati. He also wants to hire a sawyer and a schoolmaster. Item: Smith [and others] has been nominated for the state convention. (16) Smith had previously served as a member of the first Territorial Assembly (1798) and had pushed for statehood. He supported Jefferson for president in 1800. As a delegate at the state convention, he had participated in drafting the Ohio Constitution and had campaigned for the state capitol to be in Cincinnati but failed to convince enough others outside the local area. Strong feelings on the statehood and state capitol issues lingered and Smith made some political enemies. When Ohio became a state in the spring of 1803, Smith was elected one of the first two U. S. senators and Thomas Worthington who later became governor the other. His home in Chillicothe known as “Adena” has become the centerpiece of the Ohio Bicentennial. John Smith has been virtually forgotten. Following statehood, Smith became involved in the Miami Exporting Company, a local group banded together to buy bigger boats to carry more foods more cheaply down river. Although the exporting aspect failed, it became a bank, a forerunner of banking in Cincinnati. On the larger scene almost immediately after Ohio statehood, Congress approved the Louisiana Purchase opening 850,000 square miles to exploration. The Lewis and Clark Expedition set out to map and explore it. But Smith missed the debate and vote on the Purchase because he was in Louisiana and was late getting to Congress. For some reason, the southern boundaries of the purchase were not defined in the treaty leading to years of what is known as the West Florida Controversy. Because of Smith’s familiarity with Louisiana and West Florida through his trade contacts and as a U. S. Army supply contractor, President Jefferson consulted with him and asked him to sound out the people in West Florida about their position toward joining the union and whether they would support union in case of war. Smith reported back that he had found the desired support. As Smith became drawn into the Burr conspiracy, Jefferson distanced himself from the senator. He wanted no connection with anyone associated with Burr. As a U. S. senator, Smith’s voting record wasn’t outstanding and there were few if any memorable speeches. However, he was active and influential in committee work. He campaigned hard for Congressional approval of funds for a canal around the Falls of Louisville which would shorten the time for the trip down the river. Congress declined, viewing it as a private undertaking. Finally, Indiana undertook the project. The turning point in Smith’s political career came as a result of a visit from Aaron Burr who, as Vice President during Jefferson’s first term, presided over the Senate. His duel with Alexander Hamilton had left him politically ruined, and he headed west with grandiose plans. Burr stopped in Cincinnati on two occasions on his way to New Orleans in May 1805 and September 1806 and was warmly greeted by city dignitaries. He stayed with Smith for six days on the second visit at Round Bottom in the Smith- Lindell House. Before long Smith would suffer political, economic and social consequences for his association with Burr. Essentially, the question was: what were Burr’s true plans and what role did or would Smith play in them? No record remains of a witness to what Smith and Burr talked about in Round Bottom and whether or not Smith agreed to do more than help Burr with his settlement plan in the south, that is, to provide arms and military supplies. Suspicions and rumors reached Washington from General James Wilkinson in Louisiana that Burr’s plans included dismembering the union and war with Mexico. When Smith heard the rumors or reports, he wrote to Burr asking him to disclose his intentions. (17) In his reply, Burr assured Smith: “if there is any design to separate the Western from the eastern states, I am totally ignorant of it. I have never harbored or expressed any such intentions….” (18) Smith believed him. Meanwhile Smith continued his own land speculation, driving hard bargains, and planning a settlement in Miami County, Ohio. He engaged Fielding Loury, a single young surveyor, to lay out the town of Staunton near Troy in the Dayton area. The town was named for Staunton Academy where Fielding had attended school in Virginia. Some of the deeds are signed by Loury “agent for John Smith.” An early settler of the town was Levi Martin whose wife, Delia, was one of the Corbley sisters scalped at the Cheat River Massacre. (19) Smith became more and more dependent on Ambrose and Fielding to look for suitable land to buy, especially on creeks with the possibility of mill sites. Once acquired he pressured them to sell. They placed an ad in the paper offering 50,000 acres for sale, described as: “improved and unimproved, in between the Miamis, and between Mad River and Great Miami. A credit will be given for the greater part of the purchase money. Flour, whiskey, pork, beef, wheat, rye, corn, iron, nails and castings will be received in payment at market price. For information, apply A. D. Smith [Ambrose, Smith’s son] at Cincinnati or the subscriber at Staunton …. By whom the lands will be shown.” (26) Both Smith’s son Lewis and Jacob Broadwell from Round Bottom area helped with the sales. Soon thereafter, Ambrose went to Louisiana to promote a settlement at Bayou Sara Landing on land purchased by his father in 1804 and later deeded to him [Ambrose] for development. Although some lots were sold, his newly platted town of New Valentia failed. After Smith’s death, the site ultimately prospered becoming an important Mississippi River port. Smith, in the south when he learned of his indictment for treason, turned himself in and traveled to the US Circuit Court in Richmond, Virginia. The case against Burr and Smith’s association with him was based mostly on rumor and circumstantial evidence. Without solid evidence to convict, the Burr case was thrown out and charges against Smith were dropped. Evidence discovered later found in archives in England and Spain might have been enough to convict Burr. (21) One writer suggests that Judge John Marshall’s ruling was politically motivated “to embarrass Jefferson.” The case hung on Marshall’s interpretation of “treason.” As for Smith, he had to deal with a Senate resolution calling for his expulsion from the Senate. He needed time for his defense and hired Francis Scott Key and Robert Goodloe Harper as his attorneys. The vote, mostly on party lines, failed by one vote to expel. Although Smith had some very loyal supporters, there weren’t enough for an overwhelming show of support which Smith had hoped for. Continuing to profess his innocence, Smith chose to resign but he did it on his own timetable and sent his resignation to the Governor or Ohio instead of the Senate. This is not the only time a legislative body had called for his resignation. The Ohio Legislature requested Smith to resign his Senate seat in part because some legislators felt he was not doing his duties with his many absences and because others believed false statements about him. Smith declined the request. Through his ordeal Smith had some important local support. A letter to Jefferson from prominent Cincinnatians declared: We have the most entire confidence in the patriotism and political integrity of the Honorable John Smith and it is the opinion of this meeting that his character has been maliciously traduced by misrepresentations to the President of the United States, which have implicated him in the designs of Colonel Aaron Burr. (22) Economic pressures mounted as creditors demanded payment. Smith pressed the government for payments due him for his army supply contracts; a number were never paid, one dating back to 1786-87. (23) He began to accelerate sale of his Ohio properties. In 1808 Smith sent his wife south to stay with family or friends until he could wind up affairs in Ohio. He sent Ambrose and Lewis to New Orleans to sell a brig and its cargo for credit owed to his supplier in Philadelphia (24) with whom he had done business for at least ten years. One of the few bright spots for Smith must have been Ann’s marriage to Fielding Loury and their daughters. Loury remained loyal to Smith through all his difficulties. They had much in common. When Fielding served in the Ohio House of Representatives Smith offered some insights on public service and his views on politics. (24) Fielding wasn’t Ann’s’ first suitor, but because the brother objected in writing: “I know nothing of the family but be they what they may, for the general impressions which generally prevail against Smith over the United States, and which I doubt are too well founded, any connection with him or his family would be abhorant to my feelings.” (26) The social blow doomed Ann’s prospects for that marriage. Before leafing Ohio Smith’s Round Bottom acres and at least two other tracts went to Zaccheus Biggs, father of Thomas R. Biggs whose Terrace Park developments would include Gravelotte and the John Robinson Circus land. A sheriff’s sale dispersed most of Smith’s worldly goods in March 1811 – horses, hogs, cattle, sheep, stills, still tubs and a variety of household goods and farming utensils (27), but not his books. The sale closed out his years at Round Bottom and he never returned.

Act IV – Set chiefly in Louisiana and West Florida Information and documentation are spotty for John’s earliest years in the south. Bits and pieces confirm that he first went to Pensacola and then found Mobile cooler than New Orleans in summer for his wife’s health. He worked as an army contractor in West Florida in 1812 and served as a colonel in the US Army in Mobile in 1816. (28) Some of this time he may have spent at Bayou Sara or St. Francisville, Louisiana. Family members kept in touch by letter and never wavered in support of their father. Ambrose, writing to Ann in Troy, expressed his admiration: “Whenever I look back on the vicissitudes of this man his struggles, his exertions, his fortitude, his heroism I can scarcely believe he’s mortal.” (29) Smith had more to suffer when personal tragedy struck three times. First, Ambrose, who was becoming a successful merchant in New Orleans, died on the Mississippi River in 1817. Lewis had died earlier of yellow fever. Only two years after Ambrose’s death John’s wife and only daughter died, his wife from ill health and Ann from an accident. Fielding had been working to establish trade between Miami County, Ohio, and the south. He had loaded three flatboats. The first became grounded, the second rammed it and sank with its cargo and then the first took on water and also sank. The men salvaged what they could among the moldy beans, sour pork, spoiled hickory nuts, rotten potatoes, and spoiled flour. The whiskey was undamaged, but the financial loss was great. The third boat proceeded down river with Ann on board on her way to visit her parents. She died on route and was left in her wooden coffin beside the Mississippi. (30) A parallel tragedy struck Aaron Burr when his daughter, Theodosia, was lost at sea on her way to visit him. The years continued to be difficult for John who was still being harassed by creditors. He begged for patience and vowed to pay his debts. The shadow of Smith’s connection with Burr fell this time on James. In a letter requesting an appointment for him as a First Lieutenant, the petitioner wrote “but there must be nothing said of this family, as you know the prejudice which exists against his unfortunate father.” (31) Smith turned to things that became meaningful for him, teaching and preaching in outlying areas. Briefly, he resumed an interest in politics and considered writing about the issues of Jefferson’s administration. (32) In the end, though, it was his church and his faith that sustained him. A letter written by David Bradford’s daughter, Mrs. Eliza Challen to Mrs. Mary Gano of Cincinnati, gives the best known picture of John Smith’s last years while he lived at her home. She wrote: “He returned to the fold from which he had long strayed … with bitter repentance and humility. He felt himself unworthy of the honor of proclaiming the gospel again … But set out to redeem the time lost and dedicated himself to doing good.” She added: “I rejoice to say his last years were his best.” (33) Remembering Elizabeth Smith, she wrote: “Though not what we call a zealous Christian, she was constant … a meek and quiet spirit. She opened her mouth with wisdom, and her tongue was the law of kindness.” John Smith died July 21, 1824 and was buried on the Bradford plantation. Nothing marks the spot. The house is now a bed and breakfast. (34) James, his only surviving child, purchased a few items at his father’s probate sale including one yoke of oxen running at large and John Smith’s family bible. (35) NOTES ON SOURCES

1 & 2 Described in The Victim of Intrigue, A Tale of Burr’s Conspiracy, James W. Taylor 1847. See also A. H. Dunlevy History of Miami Baptist Church 1869 and Jacob Burnet Notes on the Early Settlement of North-Western Territory, 1847. 3 & 4 See Early History of Pennsylvania I. Daniel Rupp 1847 for Crawford incident. 5. Account found in material from American Baptist Historical Society, Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Copies in Ellis Rawnsley Papers, Terrace Park Historical Society. 6. Cheat River Baptist Church Minutes, Copy Ellis Rawnsley Papers, Terrace Park Historical Society. 7. Columbia Baptist Church Minutes 1790-1825, Copy Hamilton County Library. 8. Columbia Township Tax Assessor’s Report 1796. Found in Early Rosters of Cincinnati and Hamilton Co. by Burress. Hamilton County Library. 9. Francis Baily’s visit found in M. Avis Pitcher “John Smith First Senator from Ohio and His Connection with Aaron Burr” in Ohio Archaeology and History Quarterly vol. 45, No. 1, 1936. 10. “The Sesquicentennial Story of Madisonville 1809-1959” published in the Eastern Hills Journal June 24, vol. 24, No. 33. 10a. Found in the Journal of the Cincinnati Historical Society vol. 48, No. 1, Spring 1990. From the Centinnel of the North Western Territory May 17, 1794. 11. Dunley (See note 1.) 12. Original in Special Collections, Hill Memorial Library, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803. Copy Ellis Rawnsley Papers, Terrace Park Historical Society. 13. Letter from Smith to Gen. Findlay from Washington Feb. 5, 1806, Torrence Papers at Cincinnati Historical Society [CHS] Box 21, Item 73.

John Smith paper by Esther H. M. Power for Terrace Park Women’s Club – October 2002 14. Letter from Smith to Gen. Findlay from Round Bottom Mar. 28, 1809, Torrence Papers Box 21, Item 78; CHS. 15. Road Records, Hamilton County, Ohio County Engineer’s office. 16. Items from Pioneer Ohio Newspapers 1793-1810. Karen Mauer Green, Frontier Press, Galveston, Texas 1986. 17 & 18. Smith’s letter and Burr reply often quoted. Smith’s letter in John Smith Papers at CHS. 19. See “Troy, The Nineteenth Century Settlement of Miami County” Thomas Bemis Wheeler published by Troy Historical Society 1970. 20. Miami County land sales found in History of Ohio, vol. II. 21. For more on Burr’s intrigues, see Thomas Jefferson, An Intimate History Fawn M. Brodie, W. W. Norton & Co., New York 1974. 22. Zeigler letter January 14, 1807 in Zeigler Collection, CHS. 23. Letter from Smith to General John Armstrong June 10, 1813 in Torrence Papers, CHS. 24. Letter from Smith to Ambrose, May 10, 1810, Smith Papers, CHS. 25. Letter from Smith to Loury, Dec. 8, 1809, Smith Papers, CHS. 26. Suitor’s letter paraphrased in Pitcher. (See item 9). 27. Sheriff’s sales at Round Bottom in Western Spy, Feb. 23, 1811. 28. Letter from Samuel Hodgden to Timothy Pickering, 1815, in Pickering Papers. Copies at University of Cincinnati, originals at Massachusetts Historical Society. 29. Letter from Ambrose to Ann, April 14, 1815. Smith Papers, CHS. 30. Flatboat incident found in Beer’s History of Miami County, 1880 pps. 264-65. 31. Petitioner’s letter quoted in letter from Elisabeth Dart to Ellis Rawnsley, Terrace Park Historical Society. Original in Louisiana State University Archives, Thomas Butler Collection, letter from Nathanial Evans to Thomas Butler. 32. Letter from Smith to Pickering from St. Francisville, Aug. 15, 1821. (See Note 28.) 33. Letter from Challen to Gano quoted in Dunlevy, pps. 116-117. (See Note 1-2). 34. Letter from Elisabeth Dart to Ellis Rawnsley, May 28, 1994. Rawnsley Papers, Terrace Park Historical Society. 35. Copy of probate sale inventory from Elisabeth Dart to Ellis Rawnsley. Rawnsley Papers, Terrace Park Historical Society.