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— Venedik Baylosu'nun Defterleri the Venetian Baylo's Registers (1589 Hilâl. Studi turchi e ottomani 4 — Venedik Baylosu’nun Defterleri The Venetian Baylo’s Registers (1589-1684) Serap Mumcu Edizioni Ca’Foscari Venedik Baylosu’nun Defterleri The Venetian Baylo’s Registers (1589-1684) Hilâl Studi turchi e ottomani Collana diretta da Maria Pia Pedani Elisabetta Ragagnin 4 Edizioni Ca’Foscari Hilâl Studi turchi e ottomani Direttori | General editors Maria Pia Pedani (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Elisabetta Ragagnin (University of Cambridge, UK) Comitato scientifico | Advisory board Bülent Arı (TBMM Milli Saraylar, Müzecilik ve Tanıtım Bas¸kanı, ˙Istanbul, Türkiye) Önder Bayır (TC Bas¸bakanlık Devlet Ars¸ivi Daire Bas¸kanlıg˘ı, Osmanlı Ars¸ivi Daire Bas¸kanlıg˘ı, ˙Istanbul, Türkiye) Dejanirah Couto (École Pratique des Hautes Études «EPHE», Paris, France) Mehmet Yavuz Erler (Ondokuz Mayıs Üniversitesi, Samsun, Türkiye) Fabio Grassi (Università di Roma «La Sapienza», Italia) Figen Güner Dilek (Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara, Türkiye) Stefan Hanß (Freie Universität, Berlin, Deutschland) Baiarma Khabtagaeva (Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Magyarország) Nicola Melis (Università degli Studi di Cagliari, Italia) Melek Özyetgin (Yildiz Üniversitesi, ˙Istanbul, Türkiye) Cristina Tonghini (Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia, Italia) Direzione e redazione Dipartimento di Studi sull’Asia sull’Africa Mediterranea Sezione Asia Orientale e Antropologia Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Palazzo Vendramin dei Carmini Dorsoduro 3462 30123 Venezia http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/col/exp/27/Hilal Venedik Baylosu’nun Defterleri The Venetian Baylo’s Registers (1589-1684) Serap Mumcu Venezia Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing 2014 Venedik Baylosu’nun Defterleri | The Venetian Baylo’s Registers (1589-1684) Serap Mumcu © 2014 Serap Mumcu for the texts © 2014 Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing for the edition Every part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means without permission provided that the source is fully credited. Qualunque parte di questa pubblicazione può essere riprodotta, memorizzata in un sistema di recupero dati o trasmessa in qualsiasi forma o con qualsiasi mezzo, elettronico o meccanico, senza autorizzazione, a condizione che se ne citi la fonte. Edizioni Ca’ Foscari - Digital Publishing Università Ca’ Foscari Venezia Dorsoduro 1686 30123 Venezia http://edizionicafoscari.unive.it/ [email protected] I edition March 2014 ISBN 978-88-97735-57-1 (pdf) ISBN 978-88-97735-58-8 (print) Cover design: Studio Girardi, Venezia | Edizioni Ca’ Foscari Özet | Summary Tes¸ekkür | Acknowledgments 7 | 9 Önsöz | Preface 11 | 13 Maria Pia Pedani Giris¸ | Introduction 15 | 26 Belgeler | Documents 37 Kaynakça | Bibliography 397 Kısaltmalar | Abbreviations 401 Dizinler | Indices 402 Baylos’un Sözlüg˘ü | The Baylo’s Dictionary 428 Sevgili hocam Prof. Dr. Mahmut H. Şakiroğlu anısına In memory of my professor Mahmut H. Şakiroğlu Tes¸ekkür Bu çalışma Venedik Devlet Arşivi’nde Bailo a Costantinopoli 250-252 numaralı seride bulunan ve 1589’dan 1682’ye kadar uzanan yaklaşık yüz yıllık süreci kapsayan 943 belgeyi ele almaktadır. İstanbul’daki Venedikli diplomatlar Osmanlı sultanlarının ve önemli devlet görevlilerinin mektuplarının kopyalarını, Venediklilerin işlerinde referans olması için, kendi arşivlerinde bulundurmaya özen gösteri- yorlardı. İşte bu şekilde «Carte Turche Registri » (Türkçe kartlar) adı verilen kayıt serisi ortaya çıktı. Bu kayıtlar Osmanlı Türkçesi ve Venedik Cumhuriyeti’nin resmi tercümanları tarafından yapılan İtalyanca çeviri- leri içerir. Belge asılları sıklıkla Venedik’e gönderilmekle birlikte bunla- rın birer kopyası Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi’nde Maliyeden Müdevver Defterler içinde de bulunmaktadır. Burada çalışılan belgeler Hüküm, Mektup, Nişân-ı Şerif, Berat, Hüc- cet ve Arz’dır. Bugün iki devletin ilişkileri sadece tarihçiler için değil birçok kesimce merak edilmektedir. Bunun da en temel nedeni bu ilişki ağlarını kanıtlayan belgelerin Osmanlı Devleti’nin bilinmeyenlerini göz- ler önüne çıkaracağı düşüncesidir. Ancak şimdiye kadar ortaya konulan çalışmalar, ilişkilerin ortaya konulmasında yeterli değildir. Bu çalışma oldukça geniş bir süreci bütünlüklü olarak ele almakta ve Osmanlı Dev- leti ile Venedik’in bu süreçte özellikle ticari faaliyetlerinin gelişimini ve bu faaliyetleri sekteye uğratan gelişmeleri gözler önüne sermektedir. Belgeleri ele alma aşamasında genel olarak kısa özetlerle geçiştirilmiş bir çalışma yapmak yerine, bütünlüklü ve ayrıntılı bir çalışma araştır- macılar için çok daha verimli olacaktı. Bu nedenle çalışma, her bir belge tek tek ele alınarak hem Türkçe geniş özet hem de İngilizce kısa özet şeklinde hazırlandı. Türkçe özet aşamasında dönemin Osmanlı Türkçe- sini çok fazla değiştirmeden, bilhassa yabancı kelimelerin orijinaline sadık kalınarak yazılmasının daha uygun olduğuna karar verdik. Hemen hemen bütün belgelerin hem Osmanlıca hem de İtalyanca kopyalarının bulunması yabancı isimlerin yazımında büyük kolaylık sağladı. İtalyanca 7 Venedik Baylosu’nun DEFTERLERI | The Venetian Baylo’s REGISTERS (1589-1684) metinlerin genel olarak daha ayrıntılı olması da bazı Osmanlıca metin- lerde eksik kalan tarih, yer adı, kişi adı gibi bilgilerin tamamlanmasında önemli bir katkı sağladı. Öncelikle çalışmanın bütün aşamalarında yanımda olan ve benden desteğini esirgemeyen ve bana gerçek bir öğretmen olan kıymetli ho- cam Ca’ Foscari Üniversitesi’nden Prof. Dr. Maria Pia Pedani’ye, Gazi Üniversitesi’nden Yüksek Lisans tez danışmanım, kıymetli hocam Prof. Dr. Ahmet Güneş’e, çalışmaya önemli fikirleriyle katkıda bulunan ve her aşamasında bizimle heyecanlanan Prof. Dr. Antonio Fabris’e, bana gü- vendiği ve sonuna kadar desteklediği için Prof. Dr. Nevin Özkan’a, Anka- ra İtalyan Kültür Merkezi’nden Esra Orhan’a, cesaret verici öğütleriyle yolumu açan Prof. Dr. Tufan Gündüz’e, Venedik Devlet Arşivi Çalışma Odası Baş Sorumlusu Michela Dal Borgo’ya, Venedik Arşivi’ndeki çalış- ma sürem boyunca kıymetli fikirlerini benimle paylaşan tarihçi arkadaş- larım Emrah Safa Gürkan’a, Levent Kaya Ocakaçan’a, Özgür Oral’a ve Güner Doğan’a İtalyanca belgeleri okuma ve anlama aşamasında ben- den yardımlarını esirgemeyen İtalyan araştırmacılar Mauro Bondioli’ye, Erasmo Castellano’ya, Massimo Galtarossa’ya, Davide Geronazzo’ya ve Christian Rossi’ye, hem Yunanca hem İtalyanca yer ve şahıs isimlerinde benden yardımını esirgemeyen Christos Zampokalos’a, Venedik Devlet Arşivi’nin tüm çalışanlarına, Türkiye’den yardım eli uzatan Ebubekir Sıddık Şahin’e, Musa Gümüş’e, Fatih Tunçkılıç’a, İngilizce çeviriye kat- kılarından dolayı Merve Biçer, Yaşar Tolga Cora ile Deanna Cachoian- Sanchez’e ve sevgili aileme teşekkürü bir borç bilirim. Serap Mumcu Eylül 2013 Venedik 8 MUMCU. TES¸EKKÜR | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Acknowledgments This book contains the summaries of 943 Ottoman documents dating back to the period 1589-1682, written in eleven registers kept in the ar- chives of Bailo a Constantinopoli, boxes 250-252, in the Venetian State Archives. Venetian diplomats in Istanbul considered it important to keep the copies of letters of sultans and Ottoman officials that made reference to Venetian affairs in their own archives. In this way the series of regis- ters called Carte turche. Registri was created. It contains both Ottoman texts and their Italian translations made by the official interpreters of the Republic. Originals were usually sent to Venice, while the drafts are still kept in the Ottoman archives (Başbakanlık Osmanlı Arşivi), above all in the series Maliyeden müdevver. The documents studied here are imperial orders (hüküm), letters (mektup), imperial decrees (nişân-ı şerîf), patents (berat), legal documents (hüccet) and petitions (arz-ı hal). They are important to give new light to Venetian-Ottoman relations. Today several scholars, belonging to different research fields, are interested in the past relations that had taken place between these two states. There is the widespread idea that the Venetian documents can reveal still unknown elements of the history of the Ottoman Empire. This study aims at helping to understand the complex process of these relations and, since these documents make reference particularly to commercial relations, to give new light to Ottoman-Venetian economic history. Working on these registers, I soon realized that a long description of the documents would be more useful for researchers than short summaries. Therefore the documents were carefully read one by one and detailed sum- maries in Turkish were prepared, together with some brief information in English. Other copies in Ottoman, together with ancient translations into Italian, helped me to understand better the documents and to complete the missing parts such as dates, names of places and persons. First of all, I owe my deepest thanks to my valuable Professor Dr. 9 Venedik Baylosu’nun DEFTERLERI | The Venetian Baylo’s REGISTERS (1589-1684) Maria Pia Pedani, from Ca’ Foscari University of Venice, who supported me during the research process being a real teacher for me. I would also like to thank my supervisor, Professor Dr. Ahmet Güneş from Gazi University of Ankara. Thanks also to Professor Dr. Antonio Fabris who contributed to this work with his advices and enthusiasm, Professor Dr. Nevin Özkan who trusted and deeply supported me, Esra Orhan from the Institute of Italian Culture in Ankara and Professor Dr. Tufan Gunduz who enlightened my way with his encouraging advices. My gratitude is also extended to Dr. Michela Dal Borgo, the head of the reading room of the Venetian
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