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Wood-Inhabiting Fungi in Southern China 1. Polypores from Hunan Province

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Wood-Inhabiting Fungi in Southern China 1. Polypores from Hunan Province Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 381–393 ISSN 0003-3847 Helsinki 17 December 2003 © Finnish Zoological and Botanical Publishing Board 2003 Wood-inhabiting fungi in southern China 1. Polypores from Hunan Province Yu-Cheng Dai1, Marja Härkönen2 & Tuomo Niemelä2 1) Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenhua Road 72, Shenyang 110016, China 2) Finnish Museum of Natural History, Botanical Museum, P.O. Box 7, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland Received 12 Mar. 2003, revised version received 10 May 2003, accepted 12 May 2003 Dai, Y. C., Härkönen, M. & Niemelä, T. 2003: Wood-inhabiting fungi in southern China 1. Polypores from Hunan Province. — Ann. Bot. Fennici 40: 381–393. Polypores (Basidiomycota) from Hunan Province, south-central China, were investi- gated during 1999–2002. Based on nearly 600 collections, 102 poroid species were identifi ed from the study area; some species identifi cations are given as tentative. Sixty-two species are new to Hunan, including ten species new to China. In addition, three new species, Cyclomyces lamellatus Y.C. Dai & Niemelä, Phellinus collinus Y.C. Dai & Niemelä and Polyporus pumilus Y.C. Dai & Niemelä are described and illus- trated. The fi rst one differs from the other species in the genus Cyclomyces by having imbricate basidiocarps, radially lamellate hymenophore and prominent setae. Phelli- nus collinus is characterized by a perennial habit, shining pore surface, very thin con- text, and the lack of setae; it has oblong-ellipsoid, golden yellow and often collapsed basidiospores. Polyporus pumilus is very characteristic in the genus because it has extremely small, pendent basidiocarps; its pores are smaller than in general in Poly- porus. Distribution patterns of the species are discussed, in particular the occurrence of northern (temperate/boreal) and southern (subtropical/tropical) elements in the area. Key words: Aphyllophorales, Basidiomycota, China, polypores, taxonomy Introduction & Gilbertson 1993, 1994). From temperate and boreal East Asia, some mycological books Wood-inhabiting fungi are an important element including polypores have been published (Ito of forest ecosystems, as they take care of the 1955, Teng 1963, Imazeki & Hongo 1965, Lyu- decomposition of coarse woody debris: fallen barskiy & Vasilyeva 1975, Imazeki et al. 1988, trunks, branches and stumps. Polypores are the Zhao 1989, Li 1991, Zhao & Zhang 1992); major group of wood-rotting Basidiomycota; besides, further polypore species were recorded no wonder that the species of this group have from the area in several more concise reports been intensively studied and systematically (Ryvarden 1977, Hjortstam & Ryvarden 1982, documented in, e.g., Europe and North America Hattori & Zang 1995, Núñez & Ryvarden 1999, (Gilbertson & Ryvarden 1986–1987, Ryvarden Dai 2000, Núñez et al. 2001, Hattori et al. 2002). 382 Dai et al. • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 80° E 100° 120° er riv e tz g n a Y Badagongshan Zhangjiajie 40° Daweishan C h i n a Changsha 30° H u n a n Hengshan 20°N Yunshan Shunhuangshan Fig. 1. The situation of China in SE Asia and its division into provinces; Hunan Province shaded. Recently three comprehensive monographs on polypores from East Asia were published (Dai Fig. 2. Hunan Province, main watercourses, and 1999, Núñez & Ryvarden 2000, 2001). A few research areas (black squares). fl oras on or including polypores in subtropical and tropical Pacifi c Asia have been published by Corner (1983–1991), Parmasto (1986), Quanten Hunan Province have been published by Hög- (1997) and Chang (2001), and the species mander and Jie (2000) and Ukkola et al. (2001). described by Corner from tropical Asia and Studies on poroid wood-inhabiting fungi in West Pacifi c archipelago were treated in detail Hunan were started by Teng (1936). Altogether by Hattori (2000, 2001a, 2001b, 2002). In addi- 86 species of polypores have been recorded from tion, Hattori and Ryvarden (1996), Suhirman the province according to Zeng (2001) prior to and Núñez (1998), Hattori and Lee (1999), and our study. In the present paper we just list the Dai and Zhou (2000) recently reported still more species identifi ed so far from our own collec- species from subtropical or tropical Asia. tions, but previously reported species, when This is the fi rst paper in a planned series the voucher specimens were not examined, are dealing with wood-inhabiting fungi of southern excluded. Some of our collections are still under China. Most of these fungi are poroid members of investigation, and forthcoming papers will deal the Aphyllophorales, but some other groups, e.g., with them. corticiaceous fungi, are included more briefl y. Hunan Province lies in south-central China, and spans an area of 211 829 km2 between Materials and methods 24°39´–30°08´N and 108°47´–114°15´E. Origi- nal vegetation of the province is mostly ever- A research programme on the cryptogams of green broad-leaved forest, with altitudinal limit Hunan, carried out jointly with Chinese and at 1200–1400 m in the south and at 500–800 m Finnish biologists, has been going on since 1997 in the north. The dominant components of the (Härkönen 2000). The author MH took part in forests are species of the Fagaceae, Lauraceae, the collecting trips in 1999–2001 as a mycolo- Magnoliaceae, and Theaceae; the commonest gist. For the studies on wood-rotting fungi, YCD gymnosperm tree is Pinus massoniana, while in made two more fi eld trips to the same area in plantations other coniferous trees are common: 2000 and 2002. Cryptomeria fortunei, Cunninghamia lanceolata The materials were collected from seven and Metasequoia glyptostroboides. Detailed forest reserves and national parks (see the descriptions of the geography and vegetation of localities in Figs. 1 and 2) in Hunan in 1999– ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 • Wood-inhabiting fungi in southern China 1 383 2002, and about 600 specimens were collected. Abortiporus cf. biennis (Bull.) Singer The studied materials are deposited at the Antrodia aff. carbonica (Overh.) Ryvarden & Botanical Museum of the University of Helsinki Gilb. — see below (H) and at the Herbarium of the Institute of Antrodia malicola (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Donk Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Antrodiella aurantilaeta (Corner) T. Hattori & (IFP); duplicates will be preserved at the Her- Ryvarden barium of the Hunan Forest Botanical Garden. *Antrodiella cf. incrustans (Berk. & M.A. The microscopic methods used in the study Curtis) Ryvarden are as presented by Dai (1999). In the text the Antrodiella romellii (Donk) Niemelä s. lato following abbreviations are used: L = mean Antrodiella semisupina (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) spore length (arithmetical mean of all spores), Ryvarden s. lato W = mean spore width (arithmetical mean of all Antrodiella zonata (Berk.) Ryvarden spores), Q = variation in the L/W ratios between Bjerkandera adusta (Willd. : Fr.) P. Karst. the specimens studied (quotient of the mean Bondarzewia berkeleyi (Fr.) Bondartsev & spore length and the mean spore width), n = the Singer number of spores (or other structures) measured *Ceriporia aff. mellita (Bourdot) Bondartsev & from a given number of specimens. In presenting Singer — see below the variation in the size of spores, pores, hyphae, *Ceriporiopsis cf. umbrinescens (Murrill) setae and basidia, 5% of the measurements were Ryvarden — see below excluded from each end of the range, and are Coltricia cf. cinnamomea (Jack.) Murrill given in parentheses; IKI stands for Melzerʼs #Cyclomyces lamellatus Y.C. Dai & Niemelä reagent, KOH for 5% potassium hydroxide, — see below and CB is the abbreviation of Cotton Blue. CB+ Cyclomyces xeranticus (Berk.) Y.C. Dai & means cyanophilous and CB– acyanophilous; Niemelä IKI– means both inamyloid and indextrinoid. Daedaleopsis confragosa (Bolton : Fr.) J. Schröt. An alphabetical list is given of polypores Daedaleopsis tricolor (Bull.) Bondartsev & found by us; the authors of scientifi c names are Singer abbreviated mostly according to Brummitt and Datronia mollis (Sommerf.) Donk Powell (1992). The concept of polypores is cir- Datronia stereoides (Fr. : Fr.) Ryvarden cumscribed here in a wide sense, including the Earliella scabrosa (Pers.) Gilb. & Ryvarden Polyporaceae, Ganodermataceae, and poroid *Favolaschia nipponica Kobayasi species in the Hymenochaetaceae and the corti- *Fibroporia cf. radiculosa (Peck) Parmasto ciaceous fungi. — see below Fomes fomentarius (L. : Fr.) Fr. Fomitiporia punctata (P. Karst.) Murrill Results Fomitiporia robusta (P. Karst.) Fiasson & Niemelä Checklist Fomitopsis feei (Fr.) Kreisel Fomitopsis pinicola (Sw. : Fr.) P. Karst. Species printed in boldface are new to Hunan Fomitopsis spraguei (Berk. & M.A. Curtis) Gilb. Province; the names marked with an asterisk (*) & Ryvarden are new to China; those with an octothorp (#) Funalia cervina (Schwein. : Fr.) Y.C. Dai are new to science. In the list the abbreviation Ganoderma australe (Fr.) Pat. “aff.” means a taxon closely related to the given Ganoderma lipsiense (Batsch) G.F. Atk. species; “cf.” means probably the given spe- Ganoderma lucidum (W. Curtis : Fr.) P. Karst. cies, although some differences were observed; Ganoderma cf. microsporum R.S. Hseu “s. lato” refers to a taxon whose characters are Ganoderma cf. nigrolucidum (Lloyd) D.A. Reid rather variable, pointing to a species complex. Ganoderma cf. shandongense J.D. Zhao & In some cases the latter has been proved with L.W. Hsu molecular studies or pairing tests. Gloeophyllum sepiarium (Wulfen : Fr.) P. Karst. 384 Dai et al. • ANN. BOT. FENNICI Vol. 40 Gloeophyllum
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