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Download Download ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Journal of Threatened Taxa 26 May 2019 (Online & Print) Vol. 11 | No. 7 | 13815–13950 PLATINUM 10.11609/jott.2019.11.7.13815-13950 OPEN www.threatenedtaxa.org ACCESS J Building TTevidence for conservation globally ISSN 0974-7907 (Online); ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Publisher Host Wildlife Information Liaison Development Society Zoo Outreach Organization www.wild.zooreach.org www.zooreach.org No. 12, Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti - Kalapatti Road, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Ph: +91 9385339863 | www.threatenedtaxa.org Email: [email protected] EDITORS Typesetting Founder & Chief Editor Mr. Arul Jagadish, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Dr. Sanjay Molur Mrs. Radhika, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Wildlife Information Liaison Development (WILD) Society & Zoo Outreach Organization (ZOO), Mrs. Geetha, ZOO, Coimbatore India 12 Thiruvannamalai Nagar, Saravanampatti, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Mr. Ravindran, ZOO, Coimbatore India Deputy Chief Editor Fundraising/Communications Dr. Neelesh Dahanukar Mrs. Payal B. Molur, Coimbatore, India Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Maharashtra, India Editors/Reviewers Managing Editor Subject Editors 2016-2018 Mr. B. Ravichandran, WILD, Coimbatore, India Fungi Associate Editors Dr. B.A. Daniel, ZOO, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Dr. B. Shivaraju, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India Ms. Priyanka Iyer, ZOO, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641035, India Prof. Richard Kiprono Mibey, Vice Chancellor, Moi University, Eldoret, Kenya Dr. Mandar Paingankar, Department of Zoology, Government Science College Gadchiroli, Dr. R.K. Verma, Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur, India Chamorshi Road, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra 442605, India Dr. V.B. Hosagoudar, Bilagi, Bagalkot, India Dr. Ulrike Streicher, Wildlife Veterinarian, Eugene, Oregon, USA Dr. Vatsavaya S. Raju, Kakatiay University, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India Dr. D.J. Bhat, Retd. Professor, Goa University, Goa, India Editorial Assistant Dr. G.P. Sinha, Botanical Survey of India, Allahabad, India Vidya Mary George, Bengaluru, India Plants Editorial Board Dr. N.P. Balakrishnan, Ret. Joint Director, BSI, Coimbatore, India Ms. Sally Walker Dr. Shonil Bhagwat, Open University and University of Oxford, UK Founder/Secretary, ZOO, Coimbatore, India Prof. D.J. Bhat, Retd. Professor, Goa University, Goa, India Dr. Ferdinando Boero, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy Dr. Robert Lacy Dr. Dale R. Calder, Royal Ontaro Museum, Toronto, Ontario, Canada Department of Conservation Biology, Chicago Zoological Society (also known as the Brookfield Dr. Cleofas Cervancia, Univ. of Philippines Los Baños College Laguna, Philippines Zoo), Brookfield, Illinois 60513 USA; and Committee on Evolutionary Biology, University of Dr. F.B. Vincent Florens, University of Mauritius, Mauritius Chicago Dr. Merlin Franco, Curtin University, Malaysia Dr. Francesco Dal Grande, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, Frankfurt Dr. Russel Mittermeier Dr. V. Irudayaraj, St. Xavier’s College, Palayamkottai, Tamil Nadu, India Executive Vice Chair, Conservation International, Arlington, Virginia 22202, USA Dr. B.S. Kholia, Botanical Survey of India, Gangtok, Sikkim, India Dr. Christoph Kueffer, Institute of Integrative Biology, Zürich, Switzerland Prof. Mewa Singh Ph.D., FASc, FNA, FNASc, FNAPsy Dr. Pankaj Kumar, Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Corporation, Hong Kong S.A.R., China Ramanna Fellow and Life-Long Distinguished Professor, Biopsychology Laboratory, and Dr. V. Sampath Kumar, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, West Bengal, India Institute of Excellence, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka 570006, India; Honorary Dr. H.C. Nagaveni, Institute of Wood Science and Technology, Bengaluru, India Professor, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore; and Adjunct Dr. K.S. Negi, NBPGR, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India Professor, National Institute of Advanced Studies, Bangalore Dr. A.J. Solomon Raju, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India Dr. Vijayasankar Raman, University of Mississippi, USA Dr. Ulrike Streicher, DVM Dr. B. Ravi Prasad Rao, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantpur, India Wildlife Veterinarian / Wildlife Management Consultant, 1185 East 39th Place, Eugene, OR Dr. K. Ravikumar, FRLHT, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India 97405, USA Prof. Satish C. Verma, Panjab University, Chandigarh, Punjab, India Dr. Aparna Watve, Pune, Maharashtra, India Stephen D. Nash Dr. Qiang Liu, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Yunnan, China Scientific Illustrator, Conservation International, Dept. of Anatomical Sciences, Health Dr. Noor Azhar Mohamed Shazili, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia Sciences Center, T-8, Room 045, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-8081, USA Dr. M.K. Vasudeva Rao, Shiv Ranjani Housing Society, Pune, Maharashtra, India Prof. A.J. Solomon Raju, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam, India Dr. Fred Pluthero Dr. Mandar Datar, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, Maharashtra, India Toronto, Canada Dr. M.K. Janarthanam, Goa University, Goa, India Dr. K. Karthigeyan, Botanical Survey of India, India Dr. Martin Fisher Dr. Errol Vela, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France Cambridge, UK Dr. P. Lakshminarasimhan, Botanical Survey of India, Howrah, India Dr. Larry R. Noblick, Montgomery Botanical Center, Miami, USA Dr. Ulf Gärdenfors Dr. K. Haridasan, FRLHT, Bengaluru, India Professor, Swedish Species Information Center, SLU, Uppsala, Sweden Invertebrates Dr. John Fellowes Honorary Assistant Professor, The Kadoorie Institute, 8/F, T.T. Tsui Building, The University of Dr. Deepak Apte, Bombay Natural Hisotry Society, Mumbai, India. Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong Dr. R.K. Avasthi, Rohtak University, Haryana, India (Orthoptera) Dr. D.B. Bastawade, Maharashtra, India (Araneae) Dr. Philip S. Miller Dr. Partha Pratim Bhattacharjee, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, India Senior Program Officer, Conservation Breeding Specialist Group (SSC/IUCN), 12101 Johnny Dr. Ferdinando Boero, Università del Salento, Lecce, Italy Cake Ridge Road, Apple Valley, MN 55124, USA Dr. Kailash Chandra, Zoological Survey of India, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India (Lepidoptera) Dr. Arthur Y.C. Chung, Sabah Forestry Department, Sandakan, Sabah, Malaysia Prof. Dr. Mirco Solé Dr. H.C. Paulo Corgosinho, Bairro Universitário, Frutal, Brazil Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Vice-coordenador Dr. B.A. Daniel, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, India (Lepidoptera) do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Zoologia, Rodovia Ilhéus/Itabuna, Km 16 (45662-000) Dr. Ansie Dippenaar-Schoeman, University of Pretoria, Queenswood, South Africa (Aran) Salobrinho, Ilhéus - Bahia - Brasil Dr. Rory Dow, National Museum of natural History Naturalis, The Netherlands (Odonata) Dr. Alexander Ereskovsky, IMBE, Marseille, France (Spongillidae) Dr. Brian Fisher, California Academy of Sciences, USA English Editors Dr. Richard Gallon, llandudno, North Wales, LL30 1UP Mrs. Mira Bhojwani, Pune, India Dr. Hemant V. Ghate, Modern College, Pune, India Dr. Fred Pluthero, Toronto, Canada Dr. Mohammad Hayat, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India (Hymenoptera) Mr. P. Ilangovan, Chennai, India Dr. Tadashi Kawai, Wakkanai Fisheries Research Institute, Hokkaido, Japan (Crustacea) Dr. S. Ajmal Khan, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, India (Corals) Web Design Dr. Ragnar Kinzelbach, University of Rostock, Rostock, Germany Mrs. Latha G. Ravikumar, ZOO/WILD, Coimbatore, India Dr. Ian J. Kitching, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, UK continued on the back inside cover Caption: Yellow Flax Reinwardtia indica from Chamba in Himachal Pradesh, India. Image by Sanjay Molur. Journal of Threatened Taxa | www.threatenedtaxa.org | 26 May 2019 | 11(7): 13815–13821 Article Cats, canines, and coexistence: dietary differentiation between the sympatric Snow Leopard and Grey Wolf in the western landscape of Nepal Himalaya ISSN 0974-7907 (Online) ISSN 0974-7893 (Print) Anil Shrestha 1 , Kanchan Thapa 2 , Samundra Ambuhang Subba 3 , Maheshwar Dhakal 4 , Bishnu Prasad Devkota 5 , Gokarna Jung Thapa 6 , Sheren Shrestha 7 , Sabita Malla 8 & PLATINUM Kamal Thapa 9 OPEN ACCESS 1–3,6–9 Conservation Science Unit, PO Box 7660, WWF Nepal, Baluwatar, Kathmandu, Nepal. 4 Ministry for Forests and Environment, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal. 5 Tribhuvan University, Institute of Forestry, Pokhara-15, Hariyokharka, Kaski, Nepal. 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] (corresponding author) 3 [email protected], 4 [email protected], 5 [email protected], 6 [email protected], 7 [email protected], 8 [email protected], 9 [email protected] Abstract: Understanding the dietary habits of sympatric apex carnivores advances our knowledge of ecological processes and aids their conservation. We compared the diets of the sympatric Snow Leopard Panthera uncia and Grey Wolf Canis lupus using standard micro- histological analyses of scats collected from the western complex of Nepal Himalaya. Our study revealed one of the highest recorded contributions of livestock to the diet of top predators (55% for Grey Wolf and 39% for Snow Leopard) and high dietary overlap (0.82) indicating potential exploitative or interference competition. Their diet composition, however, varied significantly based on their consumption of wild and domestic prey. Limitation in data precludes predicting direction and outcome of inter-specific interactions
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