August 2010 (PDF 396KB)

Pacific Manuscripts Bureau Newsletter Room 4201, Coombs Building (9) College of Asia and the Pacific The Australian National University, Canberra ACT 0200 Australia Ph: (612) 6125 2521; Fax: (612) 6125 0198; Email: [email protected] http://rspas.anu.edu.au/pambu/

Series 5, No. 28 August 2010

Pambu News p.1 New National Archives building in Vanuatu p.4 Ok Tedi Case Files p.5 Adrian Cunningham, PARBICA - PMB’s Newest member p.5 Tukul Kaiku. International Council on Archives, Archivist of the Month, June 2010 p.6 Anthony G. Flude, South Pacific Traders, William (George) Ellis p.7 Karina Taylor, The Pacific Research Archives, Australian National University p.9 Zachery Per, Sounds of Chimbu Destroyed p.10 New Book! “Not a Poor Man’s Field. The New Guinea Goldfields to 1942” p.11 Latest PMB Manuscripts & Printed Document Series Titles p.12

PAMBU NEWS One hundred and one reels in the PMB Manuscript and Printed Document Series Microfilms were The Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies was distributed to PMB member libraries in January. formally wound-up on 1st January. The Bureau is now Detailed listings are accessible on the PMB on-line located in the College of Asia and the Pacific (CAP) database catalogue. and is responsible through the PMB Chair to the Dean On 14 March, at the invitation of Rebecca Walker, of the College. of the Australian Department of Foreign Affairs, Brij Lal, the PMB Chairperson, has noted that PMB Professor Brij Lal and I had lunch with Hon. Charlot work has not been affected by the RSPAS re-structure. Salwai, the Vanuatu Minister for Education. Among Professor Lal is now the Deputy Director of the School other things, Mr Salwai advised the PMB to try to of Culture, History and Language, a division of the document the career of Vincent Boulekone leading up College, giving the Bureau a strong supporter in the to and since independence. College context at ANU. The Bureau retains its close On fieldwork in Vanuatu, 15-30 March, there was relationship to Pacific historians and other Pacific no time to contact Mr Boulekone. However copies of scholars throughout the College. newspapers Nakamal and Tan-Union, published by Kylie Moloney, the PMB Archivist, has returned to ‘moderate’ movement in Vanuatu politics and the Bureau after taking maternity leave following the including articles by and about Vincent Boulekone, birth of her baby, Josephine. Kylie is undertaking PMB were microfilmed at the USP Library in Port Vila: fieldwork in Rarotonga this month (August). Having returned from travels in the USA and Tonga, Sioana PMB Doc 522 Nakamal Le Néo-Hébridais (edited by Jean- Eudes Barbier, Société de Presse et d’Editions néo- Faupula is translating Tongan documents and hébridais, Port Vila), Nos.10-13, 15-60, Nov 1972-May undertaking in-house microfilming. John Harris, the 1974. 1 reel. Visiting Fellow located at the Bureau, has been making PMB Doc 522 Tan Union (edited by G. Leymang and V. a detailed list of parts of the papers of Geoffrey Luck, Boulekone, for Union Communautés des Nouvelles- formerly an ABC Radio journalist in PNG. Hébrides, Kapiel, John Frum and Tabwemassana, Port Pambu, August 2010

Vila), Nos.1-2, 4-7 and one un-numbered issue, Apr-22 worldview: the case of James Chalmers, 1984. 1 reel. Nov 1977. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) If any reader has issues of Nakamal or Tan Union, PMB 1352 TSCHAUDER, Fr John (1908-1996): missing from the above microfilms, it would be greatly Translations into English and Tok Pisin of articles in appreciated if you would contact the Bureau. German on PNG and the South Pacific in serials published by the Society of the Divine Word and other Christian The main aim of the fieldwork in Vanuatu was missions, 1882-1940. Reels 1-3. (Available for reference.) continuing identification, organisation and PMB 1353 NOSER ARCHIVES, Files on the history of the microfilming of Diocese of Vanuatu (DOV) archives Society of the Divine Word mission in New Guinea. Reels held at Luganville in Espiritu Santo, working again 1-2. (Available for reference.) with Bishop Terry Brown, under the auspices of The last phase of microfilming of the Bishop James Ligo, Bishop of Vanuatu. Work on the administrative archives of the Unevangelized Fields DOV archives was not completed: about 44 cartons of Mission / Asia-Pacific Christian Mission (PMB records, mainly from the 1990s, are still partially 1299/Reels 12-34) has finished. The records were sorted or unsorted. The following microfilms were returned to the Bible College of Victoria (BCV) made: Library at Lilydale outside Melbourne in April. The PMB 1333 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Bureau has retained part of the UFM/APCM archives, Vanuatu, Bishop Derek Rawcliffe Papers, Santo, 1949-1980. consisting of pamphlets, serials, photographs and Reels 3-8. (Restricted access.) movie film. Several of the UFM/ APCM, Australia, NZ PMB 1334 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of and PNG, newsletters have been arranged and Vanuatu, Diocesan Papers, Santo, 1909-1995. Reels 1-3. despatched to W & F Pascoe P/L for microfilming (Restricted access.) (with funding from the Latourette Initiative at Yale PMB 1344 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Divinity Library), as follows: Vanuatu, Bishop Harry Tevi Papers, Santo, 1979-1986. 1 reel. (Restricted access.) PMB Doc 524 NEWS LETTER, later AUSTRALASIAN PMB Doc 521 REO PASIFIKA. VOICE OF THE NEWS LETTER (Unevangelized Fields Mission, PACIFIC. LA VOIX DU PACIFIQUE, (Journal of the Melbourne), 1932-1941 (gaps), together with Pacific Churches Research Centre, Port Vila; edited by Rev. Unevangelized Fields Mission, Australia and New Zealand Brian Macdonald-Milne), No.1, 1980. 1 reel. (Available for Branch, Annual Report, 1943-1946. (Available for reference.) reference.) The PMB also undertook fieldwork in PNG, 15 PMB Doc 525 LIGHT AND LIFE (Unevangelized Fields Mission, Australian and New Zealand Edition, Melbourne), July to 2 August this year. The main reason for the Dec 1946-Mar 1989. (Available for reference.) fieldwork was to work with the Divine Word PMB Doc 526 LIGHT AND LIFE NEWS-LINE (Asia- University Librarian, Monica Rothlisberger, before she Pacific Christian Mission, Melbourne and Auckland), Apr retired from the University, following-up on PMB 1989-Dec 1997. (Available for reference.) projects at DWU carried out over three visits in 1999- PMB Doc 527 PRAYER AND PRAISE POINTS (Asia 2001. Pacific Christian Mission; Evangelical Church of Papua, The fieldwork also included a visit to the Christian Tari, Southern Highlands Province, PNG), Jan 1976-Jan Leaders’ Training College in Banz, Western Highlands 1995. (Available for reference.) Province, to microfilm Bachelor of Theology theses PMB Doc 528 E.C.P. NEWS LETTER (Evangelical Church and other staff and student papers and to survey of Papua, Tari, Southern Highlands Province, PNG), Feb archives held in the CLTC Library. 1985-Dec 1990. (Available for reference.) In addition I carried out a follow-up inspection of The BCV and its Library will be moving to new the Lands Commissions’ records in Port Moresby and premises in the new year. The Bureau will aim to took part in a discussion about their disposition and return all the remaining UFM/APCM archives to the possible re-formatting. Library before the end of 2010 so that the records do not get mis-placed as a result of the move. There may 14 reels of microfilm negative were exposed be an opportunity to survey and list the UFM/APCM producing the following PMB titles: photographs with a view to making digital copies of PMB 1348 CHRISTIAN LEADERS’ TRAINING them before returning the records. COLLEGE OF PAPUA NEW GUINEA, Theses for the degree of Bachelor of Theology and other staff and student The final deadline for the Tuvalu National Archives papers held in the CLTC Library, Banz, 1980-2003. Reels Major Project (EAP110), funded by the Endangered 1-7. (Available for reference.) Archives Programme (EAP) was 30 June 2010. In PMB 1349 WEYMOUTH, Ross Malcolm, The Gogodala January, with the assistance of Alan Clarke of Pascoes, Society in Papua and the Unevangelized Fields Mission the digital copies of the archival documents (64,239 1890-1977, 1978. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) image files) were converted to PDF format, each PDF PMB 1350 BATLEY, Graeme Robert, A Study of the Emic matching a document in the archives. Microfilm Christian Theologising taking place among the Samban masters of the Tuvalu newspapers have been edited, People of Papua New Guinea, 1998. 1 reel. (Available for including splicing-in copies of missing issues held at reference.) the National Archives of Fiji, the University of PMB 1351 HITCHEN, John Mason, Training ‘Tamate’. Hawai’i Library and the National Library of Australia, Formation of the Nineteenth Century missionary and sent to Pascoes for digital conversion (producing

2 Pambu, August 2010 about 9,000 image files in TIF and PDF format). From PNG Constituent Assembly debates leading up to late April until early June, Holly Trengove-Jones was independence, 1974-1975, collated by staff of Sir employed for one day each week on a casual basis, Barry Holloway, gathered with the assistance of Bill with remaining EAP110 funds, to check the PDF Standish, have been transferred to the Bureau for documents and arrange them in order. Packages of the microfilming and digitization. digital material will be sent to the Tuvalu National Annual Reports of the Division of Pacific and Library and Archives and the British Library. Asian History, Research School of Pacific and Asian In addition to the EAP110 microfilms already Studies, ANU, 1952-2007, gathered with the assistance supplied to PMB members (49 reels), the following of Dorothy MacIntosh, have been transferred to the microfilms are now ready for the 2010 distribution: Bureau for microfilming. PMB Doc 482 TALA O TUVALU (Information Office, PNG field notebooks of Don Laycock, Department Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, Tarawa), Feb 1947-Dec of Linguistics, RSPAS, ANU, previously surveyed by 1964 (gaps). Reels 1-3. (Available for reference.) the PMB, returned to the Department, and retrieved PMB Doc 485 TUVALU NEWS SHEET (Broadcasting and recently on the request of Professor Don Kulick, Information Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs, University of Chicago, are being held at the Bureau for Vaiaku, Funafuti, Tuvalu), Nos.1-197, 1976-1983. Reels 1- 2. (Available for reference.) microfilming. PMB Doc 495 SIKULEO O TUVALU (Tuvalu I made a rough initial survey, with Dr Peter Elder, Broadcasting and Information Service, Funafuti, Tuvalu), of a large collection of Australian Office of National 1983-1991 (gaps). 1 reel. (Available for reference.) Assessments PNG 1990s press reports collected by the Dr Peter MacNicoll of Canberra kindly lent the late James Griffin and now transferred to the State Bureau a manuscript account of voyaging in the Pacific Society and Governance Melanesia program at the in the 1860s by his great grandfather, Alfred William ANU. Martin (1844-1928) who sailed on a Tasmanian The Bureau has acquired an Epson V700 photo whaler, the Southern Cross, and on a Brigantine, El scanner and is digitizing PNG slide collections of Jill Zéfiro, under Captain Manuel Diaz Garcias of Peru, Clingan, Jack Tomerup and WC Groves. trading, smuggling and blackbirding from Vanuatu The GeoScience Australia – Rabaul Volcanological (Aoba/Ambai) for the Peruvian slave trade. The Observatory Twinning Project has received a manuscript and Dr MacNicoll’s transcript have been substantial AusAID grant, including funding for an microfilmed at PMB 1342. RVO Information Management System, in part Alan Ives, also of Canberra, lent the Bureau some involving RVO documents digitised from PMB documents from his vast library, two of which, “An microfilms. In late May I arranged Klaus Neumann’s Alphabetical List of Villages in PNG”, 1970, and research papers on the Rabaul volcanic eruption in “Basic Documents concerning the Japanese Peace 1994, including hundreds of school student essays, Settlement”, n.d., have been microfilmed at PMB many with illustrations, which were digitised for the 1346. Twinning Project. The Bureau is collating an incomplete set of reports by James Gibbney of his post-WWII archives surveys Ewan Maidment, in PNG for microfilming. PMB Executive Officer Bill Gammage sent the Bureau a photocopy of Jim Sinclair’s report on a patrol with Bert Speer, Medical Assistant, from Tari Station to areas to the north-west between Tari and the Strickland-Lagaip Rivers, 10 May-10 July 1955 (Tari No.7 of 1954/55). DVD copy of movie film, made mostly by Mr Speer, on the Tari Northwest first contact patrol, and of the opening of Koroba station, has been lodged with the New Guinea Collection at the UPNG Library. On behalf of her friend, the late Ronald Focken, Margaret Reeson lent the Bureau several folders of Mr Focken’s reports of his patrols in the Milne Bay District, 1959-1960, and Southern Highlands (Mendi, Koroba, Komo, Nipa), 1961-1964. Together with some other documents and copies of some of Mr Focken’s photographs, these have been microfilmed at PMB1345 (and digitised at PMB Photo 32). The Bishop Terry Brown sorting Church of Melanesia archives, original documents have been transferred to the PNG Sarakata, Luganville, Espiritu Santo, March 2010. Association of Australia Collection at the Fryer Library, University of Queensland, for permanent retention.

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NEW NATIONAL ARCHIVES BUILDING IN public and private life here, in your urban and rural VANUATU areas; the expansion of education and opportunity; the On 30 July, to mark the 30th anniversary of the strengthening position of women; the impacts of independence of Vanuatu, the Australian government climate, and of the earth and ocean in this Pacific Ring gave $3m towards a new National Archives and of Fire; Vanuatu’s international relationships; and the Library building to be constructed at the Vanuatu evolution of custom and culture across your 83 islands. Cultural Centre in Port Vila. Some of these things are directly related to your In an interview on Pacific Beat (Radio Australia, 29 progress towards the Millennium Development Goals, July), Ralph Regenvanu, Vanuatu MP and former in particular your work: in reducing child mortality and Director of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre, commented, promoting gender equality and the empowerment of “There has always been a plan to build a National women. These are noteworthy achievements, given a Archives, National Library building, a joint building global environment dominated for some time by which would be both the National Archives and the energy, food and financial crises. National Library in the national cultural complex, All of the changes that have occurred here since which is opposite Parliament House in Port Vila. And independence are part of the Vanuatu fabric: they there's actually a plot of land assigned to this building, affirm your origins and passage; they characterise your and it's been on the plan since 1995, but Vanuatu has values and aspirations; and they will define your not been able to source the funding. So the Australian future. government, on the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Ladies and gentlemen, I can think of no better place Vanuatu's independence as a gift to Vanuatu, has to be sharing these thoughts with you than here on the undertaken to fund the construction of this building, site of your new Archives and Library Building. A which will be in the same shape as the National structure that will come to symbolise and tangibly Museum building. It is going to go right next to the contribute to: the protection of your democracy, human National Museum building. It will be slightly smaller, rights and freedoms; the openness and efficiency of but it will be in the same shape, and it will be a your government; your lifelong learning and inquiry; building in which all the important papers, stills, photo the preservation of cultural knowledge, memories, the documents of our cultural heritage, our history will be things that are central to who you are as individuals stored. So it is a major achievement for Vanuatu to and as a people; your mutual understanding, have this building built, and it will really help the collaboration, and shared sense of heritage and country in terms of preserving its archival heritage, purpose. considering that at the moment we do not have a These are words and expressions we hear often national archives building. All the national archives are these days. Sometimes they can sound only distantly stored in containers next to the National Museum hopeful. But today, we are witnessing: their action, and awaiting this new building. So it is really something genuine promise upon the completion of this project, to that Australia has responded to a real need in the unite and uplift Vanuatu’s communities in engaging, country for this building. It will also relieve many affirming and enduring ways. government departments from having to store their One of our world-class Australian authors, and a archives in spare rooms or in backrooms around the very favourite of mine, Mr David Malouf, has written government departments taking up space.” some really marvellous stories: about our connection ADDRESS BY, Her Excellency Ms Quentin Bryce with place and with one another; about the simple and AC, Governor-General of the Commonwealth of powerful human experiences of life and living, now Australia on the occasion of the Official gifting from and in the past. Ten years ago he spoke about the Australia to Vanuatu - National Archives and Library meaning of heritage. When I recall his words now I Building on site (near Vanuatu Cultural Centre), Port realise that they resonate even more deeply in me. He Vila, Vanuatu, 30 July 2010. said: Heritage is: the recognition of shared experience, Ladies and gentlemen, I feel enormously privileged of accepted monuments to events and to sentiments, a to be here during this important and special time for shared acceptance of guardianship for what we care for your nation. Vanuatu is a truly stunning part of the and are determined to pass on, it is essential to that world. The physical beauty of its islands. The might sense of neighbourliness on which citizenship is based. and mystery of its volcanic terrain. The dazzling What makes the difference is the remembering, the colours of its bays and jungles. Its rich cultural, social keeping alive in the memory, of lives lived, stories and political histories. And your people – your warmth told. What we are doing when we acknowledge the full and generosity; your pragmatism and resourcefulness; history of places is making them real to ourselves, your spirituality, and respect for traditional ways in embedding them in our consciousness, making them contemporary times. places fully possessed in the mind and imagination, I know that as part of these anniversary of loved places that we live in, in spirit as well as in fact. independence celebrations your National Museum is This is what your new National Archives and exhibiting some fascinating images from its Library Building will do. Its archivists and librarians photographic archive. Images that tell the story of the and historians: will reach out into and reflect the last 30 years of this archipelago: the advancement of diverse aspects and nuances of Vanuatu society, they

4 Pambu, August 2010 will connect with you, engage your interests and PARBICA - PMB’s NEWEST MEMBER passions and they will make what they do personally and intrinsically valuable to you too. PMB's newest member is PARBICA, the Pacific Of course, is it all about the people who make these Regional Branch of the International Council on projects happen – their own enthusiasm and Archives. commitment and love for the places they live in and In 2009 PARBICA, the Pacific Regional Branch of belong to. Here, one person in particular stands tall. the International Council on Archives, was delighted to This project represents: the many, many years of accept an invitation made by the Management dedicated professional work of your Chief Archivist, Committee of the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau for Mrs Anne Naupa, the fruition of a dream pursued with PARBICA to become an Associate Member of the limited resources and boundless energy and optimism PMB. This invitation was made in recognition of the and the finest public service by an individual. Mrs fact that archival institutions are key partners with the Naupa, you are a leader, a mentor, a worker and a PMB in pursuing our mutual objectives of preserving community builder. And now, you will have the and providing access to the at-risk documentary resources you need to do justice to your immense heritage of the Pacific Islands. effort. In fact, PARBICA and the PMB have a close Australia is a proud and willing Pacific partner and relationship that stretches back many years. The PMB friend to Vanuatu. Thousands of Australians travel Executive Officer Ewan Maidment has been a regular here every year and fall in love with your land and attendee at PARBICA's biennial conferences since the people. Australians want to see your story nurtured and mid-1990s. Over the same period members of the safeguarded, and your future shine. PARBICA Bureau have attended PMB Management And so, from the Australian Government and people to Committee meetings as observers. More recently, this the people of Vanuatu, I gift the new Vanuatu National privilege was reciprocated by the PARBICA Bureau Archives and Library Building. May it serve you well with Diane Woods of the PMB Management and long, and may you cherish its place in your shared Committee participating in PARBICA Bureau life. teleconferences as an observer. Formalising this * * * cooperative relationship by making PARBICA an Associate Member of the PMB seemed to be a logical next step, with the $2,000 membership fee being a OK TEDI CASE FILES tangible indication of PARBICA's support for the role The Ok Tedi Case Files, amounting to 63 cartons and 3 and mission of the PMB. filing cabinets, have been returned to the legal firm What is PARBICA? Slater & Gordon. The files cover a series of court challenges during the 1990s in which Slater & Gordon PARBICA is one of thirteen regional branches on represented Ok Tedi landowners (the plaintiff was of the International Council on Archives (ICA). The Gabia Gagarimabu, formerly an MP for the South Fly ICA was established in 1948 and has its region) against BHP and Ok Tedi Mining Ltd. The headquarters/secretariat based in Paris. Formed in records had been in the custody of the Australian 1981, PARBICA is a professional organisation that Conservation Foundation for some years. When the comprises government archives, non-government ACF was no longer able to look after them they were archival institutions and associations, and individual transferred to the Mineral Policy Institute. In 2009 the members representing more than twenty nations, states MPI could no longer afford the costs of storage and and territories in the North and South Pacific, offered to transfer them to the Australian National including Australia, Hawaii and New Zealand. University. In the event, Slater & Gordon reclaimed PARBICA is administered by a Bureau consisting the records in November 2009 and they were of a President, Vice President, Secretary-General, transferred to S&G in March this year. Slater & Treasurer and Editor together with co-opted members. Gordon have given no undertaking to preserve the The current President of PARBICA is Setareki Tale, records or to provide public access to them. No National Archivist of Fiji. PARBICA's initial detailed listings of the records are available. constitution was adopted in October 1981 at its A detailed litigation history of the Ok Tedi Mine, inaugural conference in Suva, Fiji. In addition to provided by Slater & Gordon, is at “Ok Tedi Riverine supporting the general purposes of the International Disposal Case Study”, Appendix H of D. Van Zyln et Council of Archives, the objects of PARBICA are to: al., “Mining for the Future”, Mining Minerals and • establish, maintain and strengthen relations Sustainable Development, No.68a, April 2002. Internet between archivists in the region and between ref. http://www.mining.ubc.ca/mlc/presentations_ institutions and professional organisations pub/Pub_LVW/68a_mftf-h.pdf concerned with the custody and administration of * * * archives; • promote the preservation and protection of the archival heritage of the region;

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• facilitate the use of archives through public specifically for use within the Pacific cultural and education and improved access; administrative context, it has proved popular and • stimulate and organise archival activities; useful further afield, with the French Association of Archivists translating it into French for use in • provide and assist with formal and informal Francophone Africa. professional training; and PARBICA members have a warm hearted • cooperate with other agencies concerned with the enthusiasm for the work of the PMB and look forward documentation of human and natural history in to continuing to strengthen our cooperative order to benefit all mankind. relationship for many years to come. A new version of the PARBICA Constitution was Adrian Cunningham endorsed by the PARBICA General Conference in PARBICA Treasurer Brisbane, October 2009. It is currently awaiting consideration by the International Council on Archives * * * at their next annual general meeting. PARBICA publishes a quarterly newsletter, Panorama and also TUKUL KAIKU maintains a website at http://www.parbica.org While most Pacific Island nations have national International Council on Archives, archival institutions, not all do. At present Tonga and Archivist of the Month, June 2010 Samoa lack archival legislation, although Samoa has a draft Archives Bill and its government has funded a Tukul Walla Sepania Kaiku is from New Hanover team to establish an archival program for a number of Island in the New Ireland Province of PNG. She holds years. Last year Samoa appointed its first national a Diploma in Secondary Teaching, a BA degree from archivist, Ms Amela Silipa. Some Pacific Nations have the UPNG and a Graduate Diploma in Information archival legislation but either no dedicated archival Management (Archives Administration) from the building and/or no current appointee to the position of University of New South Wales. national archivist. A major priority, therefore, of Tukul Kaiku's career as an Archivist commenced in PARBICA is to assist and encourage Pacific Islands November 1982 after completing her studies at the Governments to give their archival programs adequate UPNG. The PNG National Library, under which the support and priority. National Archives and Public Records Services of As the archival profession is a small one, archivists Papua New Guinea was a branch, was recruiting often feel lonely and isolated. This is especially the graduate trainees and so Tukul opted to work with the case in the dispersed micro states of the Pacific. Lonely National Archives. In 1985 she left the National and under-resourced archivists with limited access to Archives for a short while and was recruited back in professional development and training opportunities 1988, this time to work with the Archives until 1996. place a high value on the support network provided by From 1996 to 2001 she worked with the PARBICA and the conferences and workshops Department of Provincial and Local Government organised by PARBICA - usually with the aid of Affairs and from 2002 to 2004 she worked with the funding from organisations such as AusAID, NZ-AID Public Sector Reforms Management Unit of the and UNESCO. Indeed, despite its geographically Department of Prime Minister. Then in 2005 she dispersed nature and low levels of funding, PARBICA moved to the UPNG School of Humanities and Social has over the years proved to be one of the most active, Sciences to teach Records and Archives Management vibrant and productive branches of the ICA. within the Information and Communication Sciences The most recent example of this is PARBICA's Strand. project to develop the Recordkeeping for Good As a graduate trainee with the National Archives Governance Toolkit. Using funding provided by both from 1982-1985, Tukul served primarily in the AusAID and NZ-AID, the Toolkit project is now into Archives Services Section which dealt with reference its fifth phase - which aims to produce guidance for services relating to personal and written enquiries. Pacific Islands Governments on managing and During this time she became very accustomed to preserving their electronic records. Previous phases of archives documenting British and Australian colonial the project have produced such useful and practical administration of PNG. In particular Tukul was records management tools as: a recordkeeping capacity intrigued by the patrol reports which she used for checklist; guidelines for identifying recordkeeping display during the Archives Week in 1983. She later requirements; a model recordkeeping policy; a model featured the same patrols in a series of newspaper classification scheme for common administrative articles titled ‘Government and the Opening of the records; guidelines for developing classification Country'. schemes for core business functions; a model records Another highlight of her work at the National disposal schedule for common administrative records; Archives was the move from the first repository to a guidelines for starting a records appraisal program; and new building in 1988, where Tukul used her a train the trainer handbook for those wishing to knowledge of the archives to decide where records develop in-country training based on the content of the would be shelved in the new building. Toolkit. Although the Toolkit was developed 6 Pambu, August 2010

At the UPNG, apart from teaching Records and Archives Management, she also teaches courses such SOUTH PACIFIC TRADERS as Information Sources, Information Literacy, WILLIAM (George) ELLIS Marketing of Information and Library Services, Tahiti – Caroline – Penryhn - Manihiki Outreach and Information Extension Services, as well as Fieldwork practice. While at the UPNG she has been participating in outreach programs, including WILLIAM (GEORGE) ELLIS was born in 1835 and working with the staff on student records. lived in a small village near the well-known As a Records and Archives educator she attended Lincolnshire fishing port of Grimsby, in the northeast the Asia and Pacific Training and Education of England. At barely fourteen years of age, he gained conference in Tokyo in 2006. work among the fishing fleet of vessels moored at the In 2008, Tukul developed a Training Module for port, where, showing initiative, his employer took him the Public Sector Workforce Development Program on as an apprentice shipwright, when he learnt the and in 2009 she developed a Trainer/Learner skills of boat building and repairing damaged vessels. Handbook for the Training of PNG Government The Grimsby fishing boats were constructed to an Officers in the use of the PARBICA Recordkeeping for ancient design, known as a 'Yawl', being pointed at Good Governance Toolkit. Also in 2009, she both stern and bow. The knowledge he gained about completed a Study Guide and Resource Book and their construction was to bear William in good stead in Course Outline Booklet for the course, Information his later life among the Pacific Islands. Literacy, on offer by the UPNG's Open Colleges in Leaving Grimsby at about 20 years of age, he Distance Mode in the first semester of 2011. traveled aboard a coastal schooner down to the East Tukul Kaiku is a highly valued and extremely End of London dockyards, where he was taken on as a active member of the Pacific Regional Branch of the ships carpenter. He made several voyages as a seaman International Council on Archives and participates in aboard the Barque’s and Brigantines, visiting many of PARBICA's biennial conferences and has played a the ports of Europe, while carrying both cargo and crucial role in the formulating of ideas for the passengers. A few years later, he signed aboard a PARBICA Recordkeeping for Good Governance Peruvian brigantine bound for the port of Callao in Toolkit, as a member of the Toolkit's regional reference Peru. The voyage was uneventful until they were group. ninety miles off the coast of Peru, approaching their Tukul Kaiku also participates in activities relating destination. Lashed by a violent storm, the strong to indigenous knowledge systems of her home island. winds and current drove the vessel onshore to the small For instance in July 2009, she attended the 14th barren, uninhabited island of San Lorenzo. Pounded Congress of the International Anthropological and and smashed onto the rocky coast, the crew were lucky Ethnographic Association at Kunming, China, where to get ashore unscathed and next morning there was she presented a paper on four examples of Indigenous little to see of the ship. Fortunately, there had been no knowledge practices of her people. loss of life and living on fish and seabirds eggs, they There are four staff members within the survived on the desolate island for five weeks, until Information and Communication Sciences Strand finally they were rescued by a passing fisherman who where Tukul Kaiku teaches. These staff members teach saw their signal fire and brought them in, half-starved, Information Management courses in the area of into the port of Callao. Information and Information Literacy, Library Science, William recovered over the next few weeks and Records and Archives and Information Technology. soon signed on as supercargo aboard a Peruvian labour Tukul Kaiku is the Records and Archives educator on recruiting ship, leaving the port for the central the staff. Pacific region. He made several voyages, collecting In a country where managing archives and records cargo and on some occasions bringing back natives is anything but easy, Tukul Kaiku's energy, leadership, who were contracted and paid for working in the commitment, enthusiasm, integrity and professionalism cotton and coffee plantations of Peru. is a constant inspiration to her friends and colleagues In 1858, William joined a vessel sailing to the within the PARBICA family. South Pacific islands of Tahiti when they were due to Adapted from International Council of Archives web replenish supplies. He decided to leave the ship at site Papeete and remain and settle in the beautiful Tahitian islands, where he married and raised a family, gaining employment with the local French traders, Capelle & Company.

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there and also the other twenty-seven residents on the atoll. H.M.S. Reindeer called at the atoll in July 1868, acting under orders to make the atoll a British possession. The Proclamation deed, signed by Commander Nares of the Royal Navy, was witnessed by Joseph Browne, as proprietor of the atoll and William Ellis as British resident.

William ‘George’ ELLIS By 1870, Ellis had decided to move on from Caroline to Penrhyn Atoll, where he found large In Papeete he had also made the acquaintance of quantities of shell, pearl and beche-de-mer. He set up a Captain Joseph Browne and Captain Samuel Brothers, trading post and agency there for the firm of Brander two well known traders, who had set up a coconut & Company. plantation and livestock farm on Caroline Atoll, some 400 miles north-west of Tahiti. It was on Penrhyn atoll that the natives had difficulty saying his name, William, and insisted in A few years later in 1862, the Pacific slave trading, calling him 'George' after a much earlier American or 'black birding' era began. Ship-owners and captains, trader named Captain George English, who had traded mainly from Peru but also from Fiji and Australia, on both Penrhyn and Manihiki atoll. William agreed deployed their cargo holds to carry kidnapped islanders and the name was used by everyone. He soon to any plantation owner who would pay well for their organised and employed the natives into working human cargo of slaves. Other ruthless sea captains, parties. eager to make easy money, began to collect 'slave labour' from the islands to work in the Peruvian silver 'George' settled on one of the two larger inhabitable mines or the Queensland sugar plantations, where no islands on the Penrhyn atoll, situated some fifteen local labour force could be found to employ. miles around the coast from the 'Vaka' (Omaka) village, the main village on the atoll, where many of Ellis left his Tahitian wife and family behind the natives lived along with the resident LMS during 1862 and returned to his life at sea. In the port missionary, Rev. Henry Royle. He had employed the of Calleo, Peru, his previous ship, the Empresa was people to build him a large white painted, two roomed sailing for the Pacific Islands and looking for crew. He house next to the missionary station. On Penrhyn joined the ship, after being told by the captain that they William found himself a new partner, a pretty Manihiki were collecting 'recruits' from among the islands. lady and started a new family of two children. William was soon to find out, to his dismay that the captain had decided to make this a 'slave trading' voyage. From Uapou Atoll in the Marquesean islands, several natives were enticed aboard, when they were captured by the crew and secured in the ships hold. When the ship called into Caroline Atoll for fresh water, William saw his chance to escape, wishing to have no part in the taking of natives as 'slaves.' Here he asked Joseph Browne, who was running a livestock farm and growing coconut plantation, if he could stay as supervisor of the native workforce. The Empresa captain agreed, if Joseph Browne was to take his place on board the ship. Joseph was anxious to get back to Tahiti. Fishing yawls on Penrhyn Atoll 1886 At a later date, William Ellis was to learn from the On his own island, later to be named 'George's captain of a small trading schooner, that the natives Island' by the people, now named Te Tautua, 'George' were in trouble on Penrhyn Atoll. The younger men built a house and store. Here is where he traded with from the island had been to Washington Island the natives for shell and pearls in exchange for all working for Mr. Brander, but on being returned home, types of goods, shirts and colourful dress fabrics, had found their island had been de-populated by the cottons, anchors, rope, tobacco, nails and tools and all 'slave traders.' They had lost many friends and manner of trinkets and perfumes which he arranged to relatives. be imported from Tahiti each time Captain Brothers In 1867, due to the increased activity of foreign called to load up cargo. traders searching for guano fertilizer among the South The people of Penrhyn had been lucky to gain a Pacific Islands, of which they often took occupancy skilled trader who was able to teach them the skills of and possession, Joseph Browne requested the British boat-building and under George Ellis' tuition they Consul in Tahiti to petition Queen Victoria to declare constructed a fleet of pearl fishing boats, the design of sovereignty over Caroline Atoll to protect his interests which was based on the 'Grimsby' type yawl. George

8 Pambu, August 2010 later built himself a small schooner in which he could THE PACIFIC RESEARCH ARCHIVES sail from his own island to the main island of Vaka. AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY William ‘George’ Ellis became so respected by the In our third full year of operation, the Pacific Research Penrhyn islander's, that they made him their honorary Archives (PRA) continues to be advised by a 'king’ and named him 'Serikura.' committee consisting of representatives from the By the year 1878, 'George' had decided to move on College of Asia and the Pacific, the ANU Archives to the nearby larger Atoll of Manihiki with its richer Program, the ANU Asia-Pacific Library, the PMB and shell grounds, together with his partner and family of the National Library of Australia. four children. PRA committee members in 2009 were Dr Bryant At the opposite ends of the lagoon, there were two Allan (Chair), Maggie Shapley, Renata Osborne, villages, each with its own king and two hundred Deveni Temu, Ewan Maidment, Kylie Moloney, villagers. King Aporo ruled the village of Tukao and Emma Jolley and Karina Taylor. George was given permission to build himself a trading Dr Chris Ballard from the School of Culture store and house there. History and Language replaced Bryant Allan as Chair Ellis taught the natives boat-building and acted as of the committee after Bryant Allen retired in agent and trader on behalf of other company's in later December 2009. years which included the shipping firm of Henderson The Division of Information funded the PRA for and Macfarlane of Auckland, who owned and operated 2009 under the original three year agreement. the Circular Saw Shipping Line of sailing ships until In 2009 the PRA received 26 collections from the end of the century. Pacific scholars and individuals with an interest in the William Ellis finally retired to Rarotonga in the Pacific Islands, including: Cook Islands. His surviving family still keeps in touch • Historian Professor Hank Nelson on Papua New with his ‘Ellis’ Tahitian family to this present day. Guinea and the war in the Pacific • Geographer Dr Marion Ward on transport in Papua New Guinea • Geographer/anthropologist Dr William Clarke on agricultural techniques in PNG • Anthropologist Dr Richard Eves’ posters on HIV/AIDS in the Pacific • Anthropologist Dr Robert Norton on politics in Fiji The Pacific Archivist documented all of these collections and also those of Sir John Gunther, Professor Diana Howlett, Dr Stephen Henningham, and parts of the archives of Burns Philp & Co Ltd. The PRA has been actively working with the College of Asia and the Pacific to ensure the records of the restructured Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies (RSPAS) are archived. We have provided Ellis sitting (left) outside his trading store, Manihiki 1886. advice to and received material from the Division of Pacific and Asian History, the Dept of Human Anthony G. Flude, Geography and the PMB. New Zealand Historian. The Pacific Manuscripts Bureau has transferred the following collections: Sources: • Papers of Jai Ram Reddy a lawyer and politician on Frederick Moss, Through Atolls & Islands in the Great South politics in Fiji Seas. London, 1889. Fanny Stevenson, The Cruise of the Janet Niccol in the South • Papers of Sir Colin Allan a British administrator in Seas. London 1890. the Pacific Islands H E Maude, Slavers in Paradise 1862-64. Stanford • Papers of historian Professor Brij Lal on politics in University Press, 1981. Fiji Henry Bathhurst Sterndale, Memorandums and articles to the PRA finding aids have been updated to reflect these New Zealand Herald, 1886. additions to the collection. The finding aids are British Consulate records & correspondence, 1862-70. available in hardcopy in the reading room and on the Cook Island and Tahiti family correspondence and sources. Photographs: A. Andrews, Auckland photographer, 1886. PRA website at http://pacificarchives. anu.edu.au/findingaids/index.php * * * We have approached more than thirty scholars and individuals who have Pacific collections suitable for donation to the PRA. We continue to update our list of Pacific scholars and followed-up on these contacts in

9 Pambu, August 2010

May 2009 with further letters. Over twenty scholars collection through the development of the ICA-AtoM have replied. database and our online exhibitions. The Pacific Archivist is testing the ICA-AtoM The Division of Information and the College of (International Council of Archives Access to Memory) Asia and the Pacific are jointly funding the PRA for database with the Pacific collections. With the 2010. This has extended the funding of the PRA until development of an online database, we anticipate February 2011. We are currently looking for future easier access and increased interest in the Pacific funding sources to continue the collecting, research Research Archives. and access functions the PRA provides for the ANU. The Pacific Archivist prepared an exhibition, For Karina Taylor the People: Pacific Resources, on display in the ANU Pacific Archivist, Pacific Research Archives Archives Program reading room to coincide with Asia- ANU Archives Program Pacific week, 2010. * * * PAMBU and the PRA co-curated an exhibition on Pacific health in the Pacific Space in the Asia-Pacific Library and ANU Archives Program reading room from January to July 2009. This exhibition drew on the SOUNDS OF CHIMBU DESTROYED archival resources from PAMBU and the PRA. The The National (18 May 2010), p. 3: contents of the exhibition have been digitised and are http://www.thenational.com.pg/?q=node/9198 displayed in an online exhibition on the PRA website together with the earlier exhibition of the Colonial A rare collection of traditional Chimbu songs, string Sugar Refining Company Limited. PAMBU prepared a band music, legends and myths and traditional bamboo catalogue of the Pacific Health exhibition this is also flute sounds were destroyed last week. available online at The National Broadcasting Corporation’s library http://pacificarchives.anu.edu.au/gallery/index.php and archives building in Kundiawa, containing this PRA outreach activities also included archival rare collection, was demolished last Thursday to make training at the UPNG. In October 2009 the Pacific way for the new highlands regional treasury building. Archivist visited the staff of the New Guinea The NBC building was constructed in 1973, and Collection at the University of Papua New Guinea. the recordings destroyed were a collection of the last During the week she provided archival training for 17 37 years. It was demolished in the presence of Chimbu library and records staff members. The visit was a Governor Fr John Garia and other MPs from the valuable training opportunity for the staff as there is province. Also there was Finance secretary Gabriel little opportunity for archival training in PNG. It was Yer, NBC acting managing director Memafu Kapera an important experience for the Pacific Archivist, and NBC board chairman Paul Reptario. allowing her to see first-hand the constraints on archives in the Pacific. It was also an opportunity to The National saw remains of the destroyed records develop her training and supervisory skills. burning and lying around the perimeter fence of the site last weekend. Throughout the year the Pacific Archivist has held information sessions for students and visitors who are NBC management and staff, who have relocated to interested in the PRA. This has included sessions for a new site near the Kundiawa-Gembogl district office the Pacific students as part of Asia-Pacific week in and the provincial education office, have reportedly 2009 and 2010 and an introduction to Pacific archives failed to relocate the archived records. for Pasifika Australia students in October 2009. The Director of Sangamanga Culture Environment Pacific Archivist attended the Protection (SCEP) Eric Sinebare expressed grave ASA/ARANZ/PARBICA Archives conference in concerns over the loss of these rare collections. Brisbane in October. He blamed the management and staff of NBC The PRA receives a growing number of research Kundiawa for failing to relocate these items when they requests relating to the Archives. Scholars from the moved out three months ago. University of Vienna came to the ANU for a round Sinebare said when the official demolition was table discussion and also spent time looking at the carried out last Thursday, NBC staff arrived and Wurm collection. Dr Doug Munro visited the PRA for collected what they wanted, leaving the records his research on the history of Pacific scholarship. The behind. “By 6pm last Saturday, the public moved in CSR and Burns Philp collections continue to be and helped themselves, scattering the recordings on a particularly important resources for Pacific researchers. shelf all over.” We anticipate the donation of further material from By Zachery Per RSPAS and from Pacific scholars as we continue our advisory and collecting role to the College of Asia and Follow-up the Pacific. The Pacific Archivist will continue to be In July 2007, Pambu published an article by Jordie involved in the Pacific studies teaching program by Kilby, “Digitising the Broadcasting Past of Papua New providing tutorials to students and archival advice to Guinea”, reporting on a co-operative project between staff. We will see increased online access to the the Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) and 10 Pambu, August 2010 the NBC, supported by AusAID, the Australian unpublished private records and photos in Australia, Agency for International Development. The project is PNG, Canada and the United States, interviews with part of the second phase of a larger program, the Media elderly New Guineans and Europeans and even for Development Initiative (MDI), the other part of rediscovered film footage from as early as 1929. The which is being coordinated by the PNG Media result is a book that places particular emphasis on Council. The NBC/ABC partnership has several broad using the words of people who were there to convey a goals: (1) to build organizational capacity within the compelling sense of time and place. NBC, (2) to strengthen its news and program output The author, Michael Waterhouse, is the grandson areas, and (3) to introduce digital technology to the of Les Waterhouse, a Director of Bulolo Gold Corporation’s archives. Dredging, the most successful of the mining companies Sonny Karubaba, an Archivist with the Media for on the field. Les was also a Director of Placer Development Initiative (MDI) Archive project, has Development and Guinea Airways. informed the Pacific Manuscripts Bureau that staff at Professor Ross Garnaut has written the Foreword. most of the Provincial stations, including NBC Simbu He concludes, “We are fortunate that Michael (Chimbu), were trained and issued with digitisation Waterhouse’s interest in his grandfather’s story on the equipment to preserve archival material under the MDI New Guinea goldfields inspired this sustained effort of project. It is not known whether or not the NBC scholarship. It is a wonderful book, rich in insights into Simbu had digitised the important Chimbu songs prior the human condition, drawing from and contributing to to the fire in May this year. insights from economics, anthropology and sociology, * * * and political and administrative history. It is a good read. I commend it especially to Australians and Papua NEW BOOK! New Guineans seeking to understand some important NOT A POOR MAN’S FIELD - THE NEW and little known parts of their countries’ stories.” GUINEA GOLDFIELDS TO 1942: Michael has degrees with majors in Anthropology, AN AUSTRALIAN COLONIAL HISTORY Economics and Economic History. He has held senior A new book on New Guinea’s history is to be positions in the Commonwealth Treasury and Westpac. published in July, by Halstead Press. Michael The book will be available from bookshops Waterhouse’s, Not a Poor Man’s Field - The New towards the end of July for $59.95, or from the author Guinea Goldfields to 1942: An Australian Colonial at the reduced rate of $50 (+ postage and handling) History, explores how the Morobe goldfields using a flyer that will be available during July or via developed from the time the first Australian the website www.notapoormansfield.com. prospectors crossed into German New Guinea before * * * WW1. NEW PACIFIC SHIPPING LIST The success of the goldfields depended on many extraordinary aviation feats. Aeroplanes ranging from Tahiti and the Society Islands: single engine plywood biplanes to large Junkers G31 Shipping arrivals and departures 1767- single wing freighters flew in everything required to 1852 construct and maintain eight large dredges, three hydro-electric power stations and several townships. As a consequence, New Guinea led the world in commercial aviation throughout the 1930s; world records were often set and as often broken. The book also discusses Australia's colonial experience under the League of Nations Mandate. It explores, from both white and black perspectives, early encounters between villagers and Europeans and the By Rhys Richards and Robert Langdon, indentured labour system which drew New Guineans Canberra, PMB and Boglio Martime Books, from all over the country to the goldfields. Other 2008, 257pp. themes include the camaraderie among small white Contact [email protected] settlements in an alien environment, race relations in a Soft bound: AU$39.60, plus postage. colonial society, the Japanese invasion and its consequences and the (mal) administration of New Guinea. Destruction of most official and private records Receiving Pambu in Electronic Form during WW2 posed a major challenge to reconstructing If you would prefer to receive the Pambu the history of the period. Michael supplemented the newsletter in an electronic form, please send an often limited information in public archives in email to: [email protected]. Australia and PNG with personal information that has found its way into major libraries in four Australian States and the ACT, documents microfilmed by PMB, 11 LATEST PMB MANUSCRIPTS & PRINTED DOCUMENT SERIES MICROFILM TITLES PMB 1299 UNEVANGELISED FIELDS MISSION / ASIA PACIFIC CHRISTIAN MISSION, Archives documenting missions in Papua New Guinea and West Papua, 1931-1992. Reels 1-34. (Available for reference.) PMB 1325 BARNARD, Rev. Lewis E., Reports and photographs from the Methodist Mission in Fiji, 1929-1930. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1326 CLINGAN, Jill M. (1942-…), Papers, photographs, sketches and research documents relating to the Australian Baptist Mission in the Western Highlands of Papua New Guinea, 1952-1999. 2 reels. (Available for reference.) PMB 1327 RABAUL VOLCANOLOGICAL OBSERVATORY, Additional volcanological records, 1953-2008. Reels 1-5. (Restricted access.) PMB 1330 COOKE, R.J.S. (1938-1979), Correspondence and notes on volcanology in Papua New Guinea, 1971-1979. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1331 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Vanuatu, Judah Butu papers, Lolowai, 1969-2004. Reels 1-2. (Restricted access.) PMB 1332 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Vanuatu, St Patrick’s Junior Secondary School, Banks Islands and Ambai, 1923-1986. 1 reel. (Restricted access.) PMB 1333 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Vanuatu, Bishop Derek Rawcliffe papers, Santo, 1959-1979. Reels 1-8. (Restricted access.) PMB 1334 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Vanuatu, Diocesan papers, Santo, 1909-1980. Reels 1-3. (Restricted access.). PMB 1335 MARSHALL, Donald Stanley (1919-2005), Polynesian Expedition Journals, 1951-1961. Reels 1-3. (Available for reference.) PMB 1336 MARSHALL, Donald Stanley (1919-2005), Mangaia Census Materials, 1954. (Restricted access.) PMB 1337 MARSHALL, Donald Stanley (1919-2005), Cook Islands Research Papers, 1951-1989. Reels 1-6. (Available for reference.) PMB 1338 EASTMAN, Rev. George Herbert, A Rarotongan-English Dictionary, Compiled 1918. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1339 SHAW, Basil (1933-2002), Research papers for a biography of Sir Michael Somare, including copies of papers and drawings by Captain Yukio Shibata, 1966-… (Available for reference.) PMB 1340 FORWOOD, Charles Rossiter (1826-1890), Family photographs and records, 1849-1977. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1341 RONDAHL, Oscar (1905-1991), New Guinea papers and related family papers, 1918-2000. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1342 MARTIN, Alfred William (1844-1928), Reminiscences of voyages in the Pacific Ocean in the 1860s, c.1890. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB 1344 CHURCH OF MELANESIA, Diocese of Vanuatu, Bishop Harry Tevi Papers, Santo, 1979-1986. 1 reel. (Restricted access.) PMB 1345 FOCKEN, Ron (1937-2010), Patrol reports and Administration routine reports, PNG, 1956-1966. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 483 TUSITALA (Mai Te Ulu Kalapu Fafine, Tarawa, GEIC) [Women’s Club Newsletter], 1966-1972. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 484 VALO (GEIC Information Office, Tarawa), 1965-1974 (gaps). 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 485 TUVALU NEWS SHEET (Broadcasting and Information Division of the Ministry of Home Affairs, Vaiaku, Funafuti, Tuvalu), 1976-1979. Reels 1-2. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 487 VANUATU WEEKLY : VANUATU HEBDOMADAIRE (Port Vila), Nos.1-870, 4 Aug 1984-29 Sep 2001. Reels 1-9. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 488 TAM-TAM (Port Vila), Nos.1-188, 21 May 1980-28 Jun 1984. Reels 1-3. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 489 LA DÉPÊCHE KANAK, Fonds Djopaïpi, Agence Kanak de Presse, Noumea, édition quotidiènne et édition internationale Française, 1988-1990. Reels 1-2. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 490 LA DÉPÊCHE KANAK / THE KANAK DISPATCH, Fonds Djopaïpi, Agence Kanak de Presse, Noumea, bilingual (French and English) edition, and English edition, 1988-1990. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 492 FUNAFUTI NATIVE NEWS (District Office, Funafuti, GEIC), 1944-1945. 1 reel. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 493 HEADQUARTERS INFORMATION NOTES (Office of the Resident Commissioner, Gilbert and Ellice Islands Colony, Bairiki, Tarawa), Oct 1950-Mar 1961 (gaps). Reels 1-2. (Available for reference.) PMB Doc 495 SIKULEO O TUVALU (Tuvalu Broadcasting and Information Service, Funafuti, Tuvalu), 1983-1991 (gaps). 1 reel. (Available for reference.)

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