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Why Is the Torah out of Order?

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Why Is the Torah out of Order? בס“ד Parshat Ki Tisa 16 Adar, 5778/March 3, 2018 Vol. 9 Num. 26 To sponsor an issue of Toronto Torah for $180, please email [email protected] or call 647-234-7299 Why is the Torah Out of Order? Yaron Perez There is a classic debate regarding be viewed as an extension of the and after that I told them to make a when the command to build the covenant at Sinai. Given this view, why sanctuary for Me and bring korbanot Mishkan was issued – was it before the did the Torah change the order of events before Me. And so, when you fail to sin of the Golden Calf, as recorded in and place the Mishkan prior to the observe My laws, your sacrifices are also the Torah in the portions of Terumah Golden Calf? not desired.” and Tetzaveh, or was it afterward? Yirmiyahu’s Rebuke Linking Mishpatim and the Mishkan Per Ramban (Shemot 35:1), it occurred The prophet Yirmiyahu stood at the Returning to Seforno’s position, had the as recorded in the Torah, before the entrance of the Beit haMikdash and command to build the Mishkan been Golden Calf. But according to Rashi conveyed the word of G-d to the nation: placed in chronological order, after the (Shemot 32:18), the sin of the Golden “Do not trust the false message which Golden Calf, it would have appeared Calf was first. Relying on a midrash proclaims, ‘It is the sanctuary of G-d, it that once G-d forgave the terrible sin of (Tanchuma Terumah 8), Rashi says is the sanctuary of G-d, it is the the Calf, the Shechinah would be forever the Torah does not necessarily follow a sanctuary of G-d.’” (Yirmiyahu 7:4) The manifest in the Mishkan, independent of chronological sequence, because, as nation thought there would be no our national morality. We would only this midrash says, “the paths of Torah connection between their immoral need to continue bringing korbanot. and its portions are flexible.” conduct of theft, murder, etc. and the presence of the Shechinah in the house By juxtaposing the command to build However, Rashi does not believe that of G-d. Yirmiyahu warned that just the the Mishkan with Parshat Mishpatim, the Torah’s passages are randomly opposite, a society of higher morality is which includes ethical and social law, placed; Rashi consistently identifies the first step to a bond with G-d. As he the Torah teaches us that G-d educational reasons for the Torah’s continued to say, “If you shall practice commands us to build an ethical society order. [See Shemot 21:1 and Bamidbar justice, between one man and another, first, and only afterward, at a second 6:2, for example.] Why, then, does the etc.” (ibid. 7:5) level, does G-d command us regarding a Torah place the command to construct Mishkan and korbanot. Without the the Mishkan before the Golden Calf? One of the points Yirmiyahu made in former, the latter is undesirable. Or as this regard played off of the order of Rabbi Yissachar Ber Eilenberg wrote in Rabbi Menachem Mendel presentation of the Mishkan and the the 16th century, “It did not say ‘[They Schneersohn, the seventh Lubavitcher Golden Calf. Contending that G-d does shall make a Mishkan for me] and I will Rebbe (commentary to Rashi on not desire our korbanot when we act dwell in it,’ but ‘and I will dwell among Shemot 32:18), explained that the unethically, he said, “I did not tell your them,’ to teach that the Shechinah is command to create the Mishkan ancestors, and I did not command not manifest in the Sanctuary because completes the covenant between G-d them, on the day I took them out of of the Sanctuary, but because of and Israel from the end of Parshat Egypt, regarding burnt offerings and Israel.” (Tzeidah laDerech to Shemot Mishpatim. (Shemot 24:3-8) As a sacrifices.” (ibid. 7:22) Of course, G-d 28:5) consequence of that covenant, G-d did command us to bring offerings, but [email protected] declares, “They shall make a Mishkan as Rabbi Shemuel David Luzzatto for me, and I will dwell among explained, G-d was saying through them.” (ibid. 25:8) Yirmiyahu, “I ask of people that they Our Beit Midrash is planning a fulfill My will for their own benefit, and Continuing Medical Education and However, many commentaries, among guard My mitzvot which one shall do Continuing Legal Education them Rabbi Ovadia Seforno (Shemot and live thereby. Therefore, My initial trip to Panama for February 2019. 31:8), take Rashi’s position further, commands to your ancestors were not Hotel, kosher meals, shiurim, tours! and explain the Mishkan as a direct about burnt offerings and sacrifices, but If you are interested, please email result of the sin of the Golden Calf; rather I first instructed them the Ten Dr. Mickey Ostro had there been no sin, there would Commandments, and then the laws [email protected] have been no Mishkan. The command between parties for the good of society, for more details. to build the Mishkan can therefore not OUR BEIT MIDRASH ROSH BEIT MIDRASH ABBI ORDECHAI ORCZYNER R M T SGAN ROSH BEIT MIDRASH RABBI JONATHAN ZIRING AVREICHIM DAM RIEDMANN ARON EREZ A F , Y P CHAVERIM NADAV GASNER, COREY KAMEN, JAY KARON, BJ KOROBKIN, YEHUDA Find our upcoming shiurim on-line at LEVI, COBY LYONS, ZACK MINCER, RONI PEREZ, JOSH PHILLIP, AARON ROSENFELD, www.torontotorah.com MORDECHAI ROTH, DANIEL SAFRAN, EYTAN WEISZ, URIEL WEISZ, BARUCH WISE, ELI WOODROW We are grateful to WOMEN’S BEIT MIDRASH MRS. ORA ZIRING, MRS. ELLIEZRA PEREZ Continental Press 905-660-0311 והורשתם את הארץ וישבתם בה )במדבר לג( Marking the State of Israel’s 70th Year! Israeli Landmarks: Beit Shemesh Adam Friedmann The history of the city of Beit Shemesh Egyptian army during the War of 1948, the site of Ramat Beit Shemesh captures the story of the Land of Israel, Independence in 1948. The ruins of had been the Arab village Beit Natif. from biblical conquest and settlement the ancient city can still be seen today This village was itself built on remnants through the intense, and sometimes at the Tel Beit Shemesh archaeological of an ancient Judean town dating to the heated, reality of contemporary Israeli site. period of the Hasmonean kings and society. earlier. The modern city of Beit Shemesh Beit Shemesh (literally meaning “house began in earnest in 1952 with the The city reached a population of of the sun”) is likely named after the construction of the first permanent 109,000 in 2016 and is expanding sun-goddess, Shemesh, whom the housing. It was set up as an steadily with the neighborhoods of Canaanites worshipped in antiquity. Its immigrant city, housing new olim from Ramat Beit Shemesh Gimel and Dalet first biblical mention is in the book of Iraq, Romania, Iran, and Morocco. The under construction. The collection of Yehoshua (21:16), where it is identified population in 1955 stood at just 3000. diverse demographic groups in the city as part of the territory apportioned to In the 1990’s the city experienced a has made Beit Shemesh a microcosm the tribe of Judah. This city later growth spurt, with new olim arriving for Israeli society. The various becomes one of the cities given to the from Russia, Ethiopia, and many denominations in the city literally Kohanim to settle. The city is English-speaking countries. Around intersect, and one can find secular, mentioned in the book of Samuel (chap. this time, the city also attracted an Dati Leumi, and Haredi communities 6) as the place where the Ark, which influx of Hareidi citizens, who would living a stone’s throw away from one had been captured by the Philistines, build up several large neighborhoods. another. This closeness has been the was returned to Jewish hands. Hareidi communities represented in source of considerable tension, which Beit Shemesh include Ger, Belz, has even erupted into violence. Beit Shemesh was likely sacked by the Toldos Avrohom Yitzchok, Satmar and Hopefully, these tensions will be Assyrian army of Sennacherib, and Neturei Karta. There are also strong resolved, and Beit Shemesh will become ultimately destroyed by the Dati Leumi and Falash Mura groups. an exemplar for harmonious Babylonians. Aside from a monastery coexistence. and light agricultural use, the area The 1990’s also saw the expansion of remained desolate until its role as a the city in the building of the Ramat [email protected] battleground between the IDF and the Beit Shemesh neighborhoods. Prior to The Zionist Idea: The “Zionist Shekel” Rabbi Baruch Weintraub Parshat Ki Tisa opens with the command to donate the Just as with the original Machatzit HaShekel, the value of “Machatzit HaShekel” (half-shekel) to the Mishkan’s treasury. the donation to the giver was, in some respects, higher than The contribution is described as having two separate its value to the recipient. The fact that everyone, regardless purposes – the coins were used to count the number of of status and wealth, paid exactly the same amount, Jewish people for the census, and the money was used to encouraged a sense of ownership and belonging. For many, finance the Mishkan, and later the Mikdash. (Shemot 30:11- giving the Shekel became the ultimate test of one’s Zionism. 16) The Shekel was endorsed by Rabbis who supported the Thousands of years later, during the preparations for the Zionist movement, such as Rabbi Avraham Yitzchak Kook, Second World Zionist Congress held in Basel, Switzerland in who, in a speech given in the Meah Shearim Yeshiva in 1898, Machatzit HaShekel was used as a model for what 1921 declared, “If my people listen to me, there won’t be came to be known as “The Zionist Shekel.” Proposed by even one Jew left who will not donate the Zionist Shekel.” In David Wolfson, Theodor Herzl’s close friend and successor, some communities the donation of the shekel became a day the Zionist Shekel too served two ends.
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