Critical Aspects of the Innovation Management in Terms of Structure, Strategy and Processes of Innovation of the Natura and Oxiteno Companies
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
International Journal of Innovation ISSN: 2318-9975 [email protected] Universidade Nove de Julho Brasil Silva, Sheila Serafim da; Gondim de Vasconcellos, Eduardo Pinheiro; Oliveira, Murilo Alvarenga; Spers, Renata Giovinazzo ASPECTOS CRÍTICOS DA GESTÃO DA INOVAÇÃO: OS CASOS NATURA E OXITENO International Journal of Innovation, vol. 5, núm. 1, 2017, -, pp. 1-19 Universidade Nove de Julho Brasil Disponível em: https://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=499151081001 Como citar este artigo Número completo Sistema de Informação Científica Redalyc Mais informações do artigo Rede de Revistas Científicas da América Latina e do Caribe, Espanha e Portugal Site da revista em redalyc.org Sem fins lucrativos acadêmica projeto, desenvolvido no âmbito da iniciativa acesso aberto Received on June 28, 2016 / Approved on November 14, 2016 Responsible Editor: Leonel Cezar Rodrigues, Ph.D. Evaluation Process: Double Blind Review E-ISSN: 2318-9975 10.5585/iji.v5i1.138 RITICAL ASPECTS OF THE INNOVATION MANAGEMENT: THE CASES NATURA AND OXITENO C 1Sheila Serafim da Silva 2Eduardo Pinheiro Gondim de Vasconcellos 3Murilo Alvarenga Oliveira 4Renata Giovinazzo Spers ABSTRACT This study has as its objective to analyze the critical aspects of the innovation management in terms of structure, strategy and processes of innovation of the Natura and Oxiteno companies. In order to do so, the study reviewed the literature about innovation management, strategies and processes of innovation. A multiple case study was adopted for the Natura and Oxiteno cases. As their data, instrument documents were obtained and interviews were made with managers and researchers working with innovation in both companies. A qualitative approach for the proposed problem was also utilized. The result highlighted similarities and differences within the structures and strategies of how innovation is developed inside and outside each company and their own innovation processes. In the case of Natura, the innovation funnel and technology funnel were used, whereas, in the case of Oxiteno, the innovation funnel and technology silos. Natura was distinguished for their model of open innovation, within the network, and for its sustainability culture. On the other hand, Oxiteno stood out for the freedom it gave to researchers to propose innovation projects. The study presented contributions to the organizations and academia by indicating some limitations in their development processes, as well as suggestions for further studies. Keywords: Innovation Management; Innovation capabilities; Innovation Process; Technology. 1 PhD Student of the Faculty of Economics, Administration and Accounting (FEA-USP), University of São Paulo, São Paulo (Brazil). [[email protected]] 2 Professor of the FEA-University of São Paulo (USP) and FIA, Administration Department, São Paulo (Brazil). [[email protected]] 3 Professor of the Postgraduate Program in Administration (PPGA) of Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro (Brazil). Doctor in Administration at University of São Paulo (FEA/USP), São Paulo (Brazil). [[email protected]] 4 Professor of the Administration Department of the FEA-University of São Paulo (USP) and she is coordinator at Administration Department (FIA), São Paulo (Brazil). [[email protected]] _____________________________________________________________________________ International Journal of Innovation (IJI Journal), São Paulo, v. 5, n. 1, pp. 01-19, Jan/April. 2017. 1 Sheila Serafim da Silva, Eduardo Pinheiro Gondim de Vasconcellos, Murilo Alvarenga Oliveira & Renata Giovinazzo Spers SPECTOS CRÍTICOS DA GESTÃO DA INOVAÇÃO: OS CASOS NATURA E OXITENO A RESUMO Esse estudo tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos críticos da gestão da inovação em termos de estrutura, estratégia e processos de inovação nas empresas Natura e Oxiteno. O estudo revisou a literatura sobre gestão da inovação, estratégia e processos de inovação. Adotou-se um estudo de caso múltiplo dos casos Natura e Oxiteno. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevistas estruturadas com gestores e pesquisadores na área de inovação nas duas empresas. A pesquisa qualitativa foi escolhida para responder ao problema de pesquisa proposto. Os resultados identificaram similaridades e diferenças na estrutura da área de inovação e nas estratégias de como a inovação é desenvolvida nessas empresas e em seus processos de inovação. No caso Natura, usa-se o modelo de funil de inovação e funil de tecnologia, enquanto no caso Oxiteno usa-se funil de inovação e silos de tecnologia. A Natura diferenciou-se por seu modelo de inovação aberta e cultura de redes e sustentabilidade. Por outro lado, a Oxiteno destacou-se pela liberdade dada aos seus pesquisadores para propor projetos de inovação. O estudo apresentou contribuições para as organizações e para a academia, indicando algumas limitações em seus processos de desenvolvimento, bem como sugestões para estudos futuros. Palavras-chave: Gestão da inovação; Capacidades de inovação; Processos de inovação; Tecnologia. _________________________________________________________________________________ International Journal of Innovation (IJI Journal), São Paulo, v. 5, n. 1, pp. 01-19, Jan/April. 2017. 2 Critical Aspects of the Innovation Management: the cases Natura and Oxiteno INTRODUCTION Companies are increasingly focused on management in companies, to obtain sustainable innovation, which in turn raises the performance competitive advantage, the proposal studies how barriers considerably high (Lawson & Samson, 2001). innovation management occurs with a focus on For authors, such as Lawson and Samson, high levels structure and how innovation processes seem to be of commitment to innovation are simply required for coherent alternatives to the understanding of remaining in place, and even more for improving the innovation in multiple cases. competitive position of companies. In the long run, a Innovative companies should combine a number company’s success is much more associated with its of elements, among them, the strategy, the structure management of innovation, rather than with its and the processes of innovation (Davila; Epstein & operational excellence, technological advances and Shelton, 2007). For the authors, the structure of an business models (Hamel & Green, 2007). innovative organization should vary according to the A company can only outperform its competitors if innovation strategies adopted, there being no single it develops technological capability that enables it to standard structure that is suitable for all kinds of create new products that are innovative (Tello- innovation, as defended by Burns and Stalker (1960), Gamarra & Zawislak, 2011). However, this is not in a general context. Companies must consider the always possible. Product or technological innovation organizational structure of the area of innovation as is crucial for the survival of businesses and to obtain an important element and one that reflects in the competitive advantage in an increasingly dynamic performance of the enterprise (Hao; Kasper & market (Rush et al., 2007). Muehlbacher, 2012). As analyzed by Teece (1986), Patel and Pavitt The strategies guide the efforts of innovation (1997) and others, Zawislak et al. (2012; 2013) while the structure grounds the process of studies suggest that companies must complement innovation. However, even if the strategy and their innovation capabilities, moving beyond structure are aligned, innovation can fail if the technological capability. systems of innovation are not adequate (Davila; The capabilities of technological innovations are Epstein & Shelton, 2007). Thus, the importance of acquisitions, introductions or uses of new companies to be aware of the processes of technologies for the production or distribution of innovation is to be emphasized. The classic model of products or services to the market (Schumpeter, the innovation funnel by Clark & Wheelwright (1992) 1934) even though companies don't always has been used to explain the logic of projects in open concentrate their efforts on their technological innovation systems (Silva et al., 2013), which will be capacities (Zawislak et al., 2014). Even though the introduced further on. innovation in the product is considered to be the In this study, we chose to compare critical aspects front line of innovation in the market, innovation in of the innovation management between two major the process should also be considered, since it plays Brazilian companies: Natura and Oxiteno, both from a very important strategic role (Tidd & Bessant, Ultrapar group. The two companies were listed 1997). among the 500 largest in the world by Fortune Innovations need to be managed in order for magazine, in the year 2014. Natura is a major player success to be achieved. Companies need to think in the sector of personal hygiene, perfumery and about the strategies that involve the development cosmetics (HPPC), its country, Brazil, being the third and implementation of innovations and thus make largest consumer of HPPC products in the world. In the innovation management achieve or maintain a the case of Oxiteno, it is the largest company in Latin competitive advantage. The strategies and structures America and the second largest company in the world in the area of innovation belong to management, as in the production of surfactants and chemical well as, the way their processes are organized. specialties for various markets. Innovation is still seen as a critical economic Both companies are known for their innovations performance boost