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Effect of Low Voc Coalescents on Film Formation, Dirt Pickup Resistance and Surfactant Leaching of Waterborne Paints Agenda

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Effect of Low Voc Coalescents on Film Formation, Dirt Pickup Resistance and Surfactant Leaching of Waterborne Paints Agenda EFFECT OF LOW VOC COALESCENTS ON FILM FORMATION, DIRT PICKUP RESISTANCE AND SURFACTANT LEACHING OF WATERBORNE PAINTS AGENDA OXITENO TRENDS FOR ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS OBJECTIVES RESULTS CONCLUSIONS Invests continuously in technology Strives to provide the best service for our customers Expertise Flexible partner RECOGNIZED leading producer of surfactants Ethoxylator GLOBAL PRESENCE OXITENO # in the Americas 1 with full coverage in Americas Brussels BELGIUM Shangai Hattiesburg CHINA USA Houston Pasadena MEXICO Guadalajara San Juan del Rio Mexico City Santa Rita Coatzacoalcos Caracas COLOMBIA VENEZUELA Bogotá Tremembé BRAZIL Camaçari R&D Suzano 3 CENTERS PRESENCE Mauá São Paulo COMMERCIAL Buenos Aires URUGUAY 9 OFFICES ARGENTINA Triunfo INDUSTRIAL GLOBAL REACH AND 12 UNITS FULL COVERAGE IN Montevideo AMERICAS IMPORTANT TRENDS WATERBORNE ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS GHS VOC LOW APE-free Improve short-term and Deep Colors Compliance Reduction Odor long-term performances CHALLENGES FOR ARCHITECTURAL COATINGS HIGH VOC LOW VOC COALESCENT COALESCENT OBJECTIVE Develop a low VOC coalescent that alows... ↑ Hardness Evolution ↑ Manter propriedades Dirt Pickupimportantes ao longo da vida útil como cor, brilho e resistência á agua . OBJECTIVE Develop a low VOC coalescent that maximizes LATEX FILM FORMATION STAGE I STAGE II STAGE III MECHANICAL WATER WET SCRUB LEACHING PROPERTIES RESISTANCE RESISTANCE RESISTANCE QUESTIONS Can low VOC coalescents enhance final film formation ? Can low VOC coalescents generate paints with dirt pickup resistance as good as high VOC coalescents ? Can coalescent reduce surfactant leaching of paints ? OXITENO LOW VOC COALESCENT´S PROPERTIES COALESCENT PROPERTIES Coalescents Boiling Point Chemical nature: Aliphatic Ester Oxiteno´s New 100% Renewable Coalescent 283°C Carbon Polarity: Coalescent 1 254°C Hydrophobic 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate Coalescent 2 344°C Tri(ethylene glycol) bis(2-ethylhexanoate) VOC REGULATIONS OXITENO ´S NEW COALESCENT 2 VOC CONCEPT TESTING REGULATIONS COALESCENT 1 COALESCENT METHODS 250 °C 2004/42/EC 0% 0% 0% Boiling 280 °C GC 100% 0% 0% Point Green Seal 340 °C 100% 100%* 0% SCAQMD M313 Ozone US EPA (Aerosol 0.8 g O /g Reaticvity Formation Paints) 3 0.6 g O 3/g NA Volatility Method 24 US EPA 100% 50% 0% *Evaluation on going. SOLUBILITY IN WATER OXITENO´S LOW VOC COALESCENT Property Value Partition coefficient in 4 octanol/water HANSEN SOLUBILITYPARAMETERS OXITENO´S LOW VOC COALESCENT ͕͌ Ɣ 4ʚδ Ǝ δ ʛͦ ƍ ʚδ Ǝ δ ʛͦ+ʚδ Ǝ δ ʛͦ ̾ ͕͙͙̽ͣͧ͗ͨ͢͠ ̾ ͕͙͆ͨͬ ͊ ͕͙͙̽ͣͧ͗ͨ͢͠ ͊ ͕͙͆ͨͬ ͂ ͕͙͙̽ͣͧ͗ͨ͢͠ ͂ ͕͙͆ͨͬ R0 : radius of solubility sphere of polymers RED = Ra/R 0 RED: Relative energy difference LATEXES RED Values Styrene-acrylic latex 0.9 R0 Acrylic latex 0.9 Vinyl- acrylic latex 0.8 RED < 1 means that coalescent has high affinity with the polymers within latexes LATEX FILM FORMATION STAGE I STAGE II Continuous Transparent film T > Tg wet MFFT ↓↓↓ Mechanical resistance Smooth film STAGE III No particle domains T > Tg dry ↑↑↑ Mechanical resistance EFFECT OF COALESCENT ON LATEX FILM FORMATION Latex Particles Latex Particles + Coalescent MFFT Tg STAGE II T > MFFT STAGE III T > Tg dry MINIMUM FILM FORMATION TEMPERATURE (MFFT) Cold Hot 0°C 20°C STAGE I T > MFFT STAGE II Brittle film Continuous and transparent film EFFECT OF COALESCENT CONTENT ON MFFT ACRYLIC LATEX Coalescent 1 Coalescent 2 New Coalescent 20 15 10 MFFT MFFT (°C) 5 0 0 2 4 6 8 10 -5 Coalescent Content (php) EFFECT OF COALESCENT CONTENT ON MFFT STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX COALESCENT 1 ULTRAFILMLOW VOC COALESCENT 5000 25 20 15 10 MFFT (°C) 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 -5 Coalescent Content (wt%) ATOMIC FORCE Tapping Mode™ AFM MICROSCOPY (AFM) Laser Detector Oscilation response Cantilever + TIP Piezo Feedback Oscilation Driver STAGE II Transparent T > Tg wet Continuous Film MFFT ↓↓↓ Mechanical resistance STAGE III Smooth film No particle domains T > Tg dry ↑↑↑ Mechanical resistance AFM ACRYLIC LATEX WITHOUT COALESCENT Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days Acrylic latex: MFFT ~ 17°C and Tg ~ 29°C AFM ACRYLIC LATEX + 6 php COALESCENT 1 Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days AFM ACRYLIC LATEX + 6 php COALESCENT 2 Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days AFM ACRYLIC LATEX + 6 php NEW COALESCENT Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days AFM OVERVIEW New Coalescent 1 Coalescent 2 Properties Pure Latex Coalescent BP~254 °C BP~344 °C BP~283 °C 3D image Are particle contours Yes Yes Yes Yes visible? Maximum height difference 35 20 12 12 (nm) Average height (nm) 22 10 7 7 Average roughness (nm) 3.5 2.6 1.1 0.9 Quadratic mean roughness 4.3 3.3 1.3 1.1 (nm) AFM STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days Styrene-Acrylic latex: MFFT ~ 21°C and Tg ~ 28°C AFM STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX + 10 php COALESCENT 1 Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days AFM STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX + 10 php LOW VOC COALESCENT Film cast on Leneta, dried at 25 ± 5°C, 60 % RH, 7 days AFM OVERVIEW New Coalescent 1 Properties Pure Latex Coalescent PE~254 °C PE~283 °C 3D image Are particle contours Yes Yes No visible? Maximum height 18 12 3 difference (nm) Average height (nm) 9.3 7.4 1.7 Average roughness 2.6 1.2 0.4 (nm) Quadratic mean 3.2 1.6 0.5 roughness (nm) DIRT PICKUP HARDNESS EVOLUTION ASTM D4366 ACRYLIC LATEX Semi-gloss paints, PVC 30, containing different coalescents CompetitorCoalescent 1 1 CompetitorCoalescent 2 2 LowNew VOC Coalescent Coalescent 40 30 20 10 Number of Cycles 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 Drying Time (days) HARDNESS EVOLUTION ASTM D4366 ACRYLIC LATEX Semi-gloss paints, PVC 30, containing different coalescents COALESCENT 3 NEW COALESCENT 40 Coalescent 3 30 Boiling Point 282ºC 20 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate Number ofCycles Number 10 0 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 Drying Time (days) EVALUATION OF DIRT PICKUP RESISTANCE Oxiteno´s Internal Methodology 1° Step: Standard Dirt 2° Step: Paint Application 5° Step: ∆Ε∆Ε∆Ε 200 g Water 0.5 g dispersant Thickness: 150 µm 50 g Fe 2O3 (red) Substrates: glass or leneta 40 g Fe 2O3 (yellow) Temperature: 25 ± 5°C 10 g Fe 2O3 (black) RU: 60 ± 5 % Drying Time: 7-40 days 4° Step: Dirt Removal 3° Step: Dirt Application Thickness: 20 µm Temperature: 25 ± 5°C RU: 60 ± 5 % Drying Time: 1 day * Dantas, N. Y. S.; Manual Descomplicado de Tecnologia de Tintas, Blucher 2017. DIRT PICK UP RESISTANCE Paints dried for ~ 40 days at 25 °C, 60% RH 30 20 Delta E Delta 10 0 Coalescent 1 New Coalescent Coalescent 2 LEACHING LEACHING Definition: – Extraction of soluble species • Surfactants – Extraction of pigments • “Snail trail” LEACHING Factors that favour leaching in waterborne paints : Excess of hydrophilic species Poor dispersion of pigments and fillers Low latex content Latex Content Poor coalescence of latex particles PERMEABILITY OF LATEX FILMS ↑ Coalescence ↓ Water Permeability Stage II T > Tg Stage III Continuous and Coalesced Film Transparent Film Vanderhoff et. al., J. Pol. Sci. 1973 , 41, 155-174. EFFECT OF LOW VOC COALESCENT ON LEACHING OXITENO´S LOW COALESCENT 1 VOC COALESCENT > LEACHING EVALUATION Oxiteno´s Internal Methodology 1° STEP 2° STEP Paint preparation Immersion in water Thickness: 400 µm Water mass: 20 g Immersion time: 4h Substrate: leneta Temperature: 25 ± 5°C Drying time: 7 days Area: 25 cm² Surface tension: 72mN/m Drying temperature: 25 ± 5°C Temperature: 5 ± 2°C Drying time: 1 day 3° STEP 4° STEP Measure surface tension of Measure the color difference of paints immersion water After immersion ∆Ε∆Ε∆Ε Before immersion SBB17 LEACHING Internal Methodology STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX FORMULATION 54 PVC ~ 55 % 52 Latex ~ 20 % 50 48 Coalescent ~ 1 % 46 44 Viscosity: 125 +/- 5 KU Surface Tension (mN/m) 42 40 CONCORRENTECOALESCENT 1 1LOW ULTRAFILMVOC COALESCENT 5000 pH: 8.5 – 9.0 Coalescents ↓↓↓ Surface Tension ↔ ↑↑↑ Surfactant Extraction ↔ ↓↓↓ Leaching Resistance Slide 42 SBB17 Silmar Balsamo Barrios; 18/10/2019 LEACHING COALESCENT 1 Internal Methodology STYRENE-ACRYLIC LATEX 5 4 3 2 Low VOC Delta E Coalescent 1 0 CONCORRENTECOALESCENTCompetidor 11 1 LOW ULTRAFILMULTRAFILM VOC COALESCENT 5000® 5000 Coalescents ↑↑↑ Delta E ↔ ↑↑↑ Water Permeability, Surfactant & Pigment Extractions ↔ ↓↓↓ Leaching Resistance LOW VOC COALESCENT IN PAINT FORMULATIONS THICKENER DEMAND IN PAINTS Reduction in thickener demand in up to 20 wt% in comparison to COALESCENT 1 VINYL-ACRYLIC LATEX Semi-Gloss Paints, PVC 30% 3,5% 3,0% 2,5% 2,0% 1,5% Thickener Content (wt%) 1,0% COALESCENTCOMPETITOR 11LOW ULTRAFILMULTRAFILM® VOC COALESCENT 5000 5000 WET SCRUB RESISTANCE SCRUB RESISTANCE – Flat Paint STYRENE-ACRYLIC, ASTM D2486 FORMULATION 400 348 PVC ~ 52.5 % 283 300 Latex Content ~ 22.5 wt% 200 Coalescent~ 1 wt% 100 Number of Cycles Viscosity: 100 +/- 5 KU 0 CONCORRENTECOALESCENT 1 LOW ULTRAFILM® VOC COALESCENT 5000 pH: 8.5 - 9.0 Coalescents SCRUB RESISTANCE – Flat Paint VINYL-ACRYLIC LATEX, ASTM D2486 FORMULATION 600 18% 6% 479 PVC ~ 55 % 500 398 375 391 Latex ~ 20 wt% 400 300 Coalescent ~ 0,5 -1,0 wt% 5 pcp 10 pcp5 pcp 10 pcp 200 Number of Cycles Viscosity: 125 +/- 5 KU 100 0 pH: 8.5 - 9.0 COMPETITORCONCORRENTECOALESCENT 11 1 LOW ULTRAFILM® VOC COALESCENT 5000 Coalescents SCRUB RESISTANCE – Semi-Gloss Paint ACRYLIC LATEX, ASTM D2486 FORMULATION 300 PVC ~ 30 % 250 233 200 Latex ~ 35 wt% 177 150 Coalescent ~ 2 wt% 100 10 pp Number of Cycles 50 Viscosity: 125 +/- 5 KU 0 COMPETITORCONCORRENTECOALESCENT 11 1 LOW ULTRAFILM VOC COALESCENT 5000 pH: 8.5 - 9.0 Coalescents CONCLUSIONS Can low VOC coalescents enhance film formation? OXITENO´S LOW YES! VOC COALESCENT
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