The Origins of Christianity
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Journal of the International Society of Christian Apologetics
Journal of the International Society of Christian Apologetics Vol. 3 No. I 2010 The Origin of the Soul in Light of Twinning, Cloning, 1 and Frozen Embryos J. P. Moreland A New Approach to the Apologetic for Christ's Resurrection 13 by Way of Wigmore 's Juridician Analysis of Evidence John Warwick Montgomery The Return to Myth: Apologetic for Postmodems 29 Louis Markos John Rick's Pluralism-Hypothesis or Reli Worldview? A Comparison with a Re · "Hypothesis" David C. Cramer Methodological Problems SIS Stephen J. Bedard Paul Davies and the Ph. John D. Wilsey Searching for the Hi Itself? 109 BOOK REVIEWS 115 Bart D. Ehrman Lost C van der Breggen) The Origin of the Soul in Light of Twinning, Cloning, and Frozen Etnbryos ]. P. Moreland Pree is: Questions about the origin of the soul are of interest for at least two reasons. First, a developed version of substance dualism should include a treatment of the origin of the soul. Second, certain metaphysically and morally relevant phenomena twinning, cloning, and frozen embryos-have been presented as evidence against substance dualism. 1 In this article, my main objective is to analyze three views of the origin of the soul in order to provide a rebuttal to those who would use these phenomena as defeaters of substance dualism. Before diving into the issues, two preliminary points should be made. For one thing, justification for believing in substance dualism does not depend on developing a view about the origin of the soul. Why? Because the main issues that justify belief in substance dualism are quite independent of issues surrounding the soul's origin. -
How a Mainstream Historical Method Creates Its Own Jesus
How a mainstream historical method creates its own Jesus Not quite a Book Review: Comparing "Israël verdeeld" (Israel divided) by Lendering 2014 with "The simple mathematics of Jesus" by Colignatus 2012 Thomas Colignatus December 6 2014 - small update December 14 - insertion on Carrier December 20 2014 http://thomascool.eu Abstract Lendering (2014) "Israël verdeeld" (Israel divided) - henceforth JLIV - claims to present a history of the Jewish world in 180 BC - 70 AD. The book has mixed features of a scholarly book and a book to popularise historical findings for a general audience. JLIV frames Jesus as a historical figure. JLIV also discusses the historical method but not the criticism about it for its application to Jesus. The author adheres to the motto: "Relevance is the enemy of history" (J.P. Meier). The focus on the Jewish world in JLIV implies an emphasis on that Jesus was a Jew - and thus marginal to the Greek and Roman world. The implied argument is: Why would Greeks and Romans worship a Jew as their God ? JLIV does not explicitly discuss other scenario's than a historical Jesus. JLIV basically neglects the arguments of serious authors who analyse that Jesus did not exist as a historical figure, and thus is not even a legend but a myth. There are various scenarios how a Jesus as a mere idea could have come about. A possibility is that a sect of Hellenised Jews came upon the creation themselves. Another possibility is deliberate deception. JLIV does not put the Greek and Roman conquest of Israel en Judea at center stage that can explain this deception. -
The ZEITGEIST Sourcebook Part 1: the Greatest Story Ever Told
The ZEITGEIST Sourcebook Part 1: The Greatest Story Ever Told Peter Joseph and D.M. Murdock Preface As one of the main sources for the religion part of the first ―ZEITGEIST‖ film, which has been viewed evidently over 100 million times worldwide, I have spent the past several years defending this ―Part 1‖ and bringing forth its sources into the light of day. I have written not only a number of articles and ebooks but also a nearly 600-page book, Christ in Egypt: The Horus-Jesus Connection, elucidating upon these sources, highlighting the very profound correspondences between Christianity and the ancient Egyptian religion. I have also done a number of videos and audio recordings on this subject as well. When Peter Joseph asked me to help out on this lengthy project, I readily agreed, even though the material contained herein had already been validated repeatedly in my other efforts. In this day and age, it is obvious that many people are not inclined or available time wise to read large tomes of scholarly writings in order to ―figure it all out.‖ This fact of time-constraint as well as difficulty in subject matter is the major reason ―ZEITGEIST‖ was so successful in the first place, as it provided a short and easily digestible summary of the issue at hand: To wit, the origins of some of our most cherished religious ideas. So, here we have put together a resource that is hopefully more readily available to all who are interested but find it difficult and time- consuming to wade through huge chunks of information. -
Did Jesus Exist? Blogosphere Responses
Did Jesus Exist? Blogosphere Responses www.vialogue.wordpress.com Did Jesus Exist? http://choiceindying.com/2012/04/11/did-jesus-exist/ (accessed April 14, 2012) 11 April 2012 Eric MacDonald The existence or non-existence of Jesus is not an issue with me, and I still find it hard to understand why it should be an issue with anyone else. I spent years talking about the Jesus of the gospels, his teachings, his life and death, and, believe it or not, his resurrection — which was the hardest part of all — and for a while Robert Funk and his Jesus Seminar interested me strangely, and I attempted to understand the basis upon which the Fellows of the Seminar distinguished between the actual words of Jesus from words put in his mouth by later myth-making and tradition. Of course, the latter exercise has to presuppose Jesus’ real existence as an historical person who not only said things of interest and importance, but whose actual words can be distinguished from sayings that are not reliably attested and cannot be ascribed to the apocalyptic preacher from Galilee. But still this didn’t lead me to wonder whether Bart Ehrman’s HuffPo article “Did Jesus Exist?” had anything of importance to say. If there is no god, and it makes no sense to speak of god in the absence of its existence — contrary to people like Don Cupitt and Jack Spong — then Jesus, whether as an historical or a mythical figure, must lose traction in the mind of anyone who has said farewell to god. -
Sources Mythiques Du Christianisme
Les sources mythiques du christianisme Marc Hallet EDITION REVUE ET AUGMENTEE - 2013 Le présent ouvrage n'est disponible que sous forme électronique. Il est diffusé à titre gratuit, l'auteur conservant néanmoins tous ses droits de propriété légaux sur son oeuvre. Tout usage commercial par des tiers serait abusif, de même que des citations ou emprunts anormalement longs. Photo de couverture : Jupiter entouré du zodiaque - sculpture du II siècle, villa Albani, Rome Cette édition est une version actualisée et augmentée d'un ouvrage paru sous le même titre en novembre 2003 Liège (Belgique) - Mars 2013 Pour contacter l'auteur : via son site : www.marc-hallet.be DEDICACES ET REMERCIEMENTS C'est vers mon fidèle ami Michel MOUTET que vont tous mes remerciements. Il fut, pour moi, un correcteur méticuleux et érudit d’une rare compétence. Qu’il trouve ici le témoignage de ma profonde gratitude pour l'énorme travail accompli ainsi que pour ses conseils judicieux. Je dédie cet ouvrage à mon épouse qui a su comprendre toute l'importance que j'accordais à ce travail. Il la priva de longues heures de présence auprès d'elle... Cet ouvrage est également dédié à la mémoire de Charles-François Dupuis l'auteur de L'Origine de Tous les Cultes Charles-François Dupuis [1742 - 1809] J'analyse les opinions des autres et me garde bien d'en créer une. Le génie de l'homme qui peut expliquer les religions, me paraît bien au-dessus de celui qui en fait... (Dupuis, in : Préface de l'Origine de Tous les Cultes) QUELQUES NOTIONS D’ASTRONOMIE NECESSAIRES A LA COMPREHENSION DU PRESENT OUVRAGE Pour la compréhension de ce qui va suivre, il m’a paru nécessaire de fournir ici quelques notions simples d’astronomie. -
The Real Challenge of ZEITGEIST
The Real ZZEEIITTGGEEIISSTT Challenge This ebook is FREE and may be printed or distributed electronically to whomever you wish, provided it is not altered in any way shape or form. The link and excerpts may be posted wherever you wish, provided the ebook is not altered in any way, shape or form. All links, attribution and copyright must be included in any reproduction of this ebook. www.StellarHousePublishing.com The Real ZEITGEIST Challenge by D.M. Murdock/Acharya S "And when we say also that the Word, who is the first-birth of God, was produced without sexual union, and that He, Jesus Christ, our Teacher, was crucified and died, and rose again, and ascended into heaven, we propound nothing different from what you believe regarding those whom you esteem sons of Jupiter." Early Church Father and Saint Justin Martyr (c. 150 AD/CE) The hit internet movie "ZEITGEIST," purportedly viewed over 100 million times worldwide in a variety of languages, has stirred up much controversy over the past three years since its release by filmmaker Peter Joseph. As a source for the religious segment—"Part 1"—of the original, official version of ZEITGEIST, I have been aware of the dramatic reactions from those who are religiously inclined, particularly towards Christianity, which ZG contends is a manmade contrivance based on Pagan and Jewish precedents. This part of ZG in particular draws the most fire, apparently because it is the most challenging to the faith. Instead of welcoming this short digest of religious history that has the potential of providing much needed release from erroneous and deleterious belief systems, a number of individuals have become so flummoxed, distraught and challenged by ZG's revelations that they have gone on the warpath and created a series of dubious "debunking" articles and videos, including a "Zeitgeist Challenge" of their own, full of flawed logic and false contentions that have been addressed long ago but that I have also rebutted continually over the past few years whenever claims of ZG "debunking" or "refutation" have cropped up. -
Fall 2020 NPEJ
Volume VIII Number 1 Fall 2020 Northern Plains Ethics Journal Dennis R. Cooley, editor-in-chief Editorial Board Anthony Flood Terry Pilling Jeff Johnson Bradley Morris Adam Taylor Layout/Copy Editor Terence Jackson Mission The mission of the NPEJ is to create a high-quality dedicated publication platform to promote democratic participation in social and ethical issues affecting the Northern Plains and beyond, including, of course, the entire state of North Dakota. To succeed at this mission, the NPEJ hopes to become a marketplace for the accumulation, dissemination, discussion, and recognition of scholarly work, ideas, and other work related to ethics affecting communities in North Dakota. Published by Northern Plains Ethics Institute North Dakota State University Fargo, North Dakota https://www.ndsu.edu/institutes/northernplainsethics/the_northern_plains_ethics_journal/ Editors’ note: Unless otherwise noted, the views expressed in this journal do not necessarily reflect the views of the editors, the Northern Plains Ethics Institute, North Dakota State University, nor the North Dakota University System. Volume VIII Number 1 Northern Plains Ethics Journal Contents Scholar Rotary & Ethics (1-17) J. Thomas Whetstone, Oxford The Pandemic is Accelerating Digital Transformation: What Could be the Downside for Humanity? And What to Do? (19-36) Mark R. Hagerott, North Dakota University System Praise be to Science! Scientism’s New Divine Command Theory (37-68) Dennis R. Cooley, North Dakota State University Community Changing Key Words Changes Both the Problem Definition and Potential Solutions (71-73 ) Leann Wolff, Great Outcomes Consulting, LLC Immigration – A Personal Journey to Belonging (75-80) Samuel S. M. Wai, Moorhead, Minnesota Purpose and Profit: the Dichotomy of a Successful Business (81-86) Leann Wolff, Great Outcomes Consulting, LLC Student Conscience Rights and Patient Trust in Pharmacy Practice (89-95) Samantha Gross, Cedarville University Dennis M. -
Hope's Reason 1.1 (2010): 145-168
Hope’s Reason: A Journal of Apologetics 145 EXPOSING THE SPIRIT OF THE AGE: RESPONDING TO THE ZEITGEIST MOVIE Stephen J. Bedard 392 The documentary Zeitgeist was released on the Internet in 2007. It was originally a multimedia performance piece that included live and recorded music accompanying the video. The documentary by Peter Joseph393 has been very popular. Not only did it win an award at the Activist’s Film Festival, it has also spawned two sequels: Zeitgeist: Appendum and Zeitgeist: Moving Forward. The original movie is divided into three parts: 1) The Greatest Story Ever Told, which deals with the historical Jesus, 2) All the World’s a Stage, dealing with alternative theories regarding 9/11 and 3) Don’t Mind the Men Behind the Curtain, which deals with the banking industry. While some people have accepted these radical claims, there have been strong criticism against the movie. Such concerns are not just from evangelical Christians. Tim Callahan, from the Skeptics Society, while acknowledging that he accepted some of the claims added: “Unfortunately, this material is liberally — and sloppily — mixed with material that is only partially true and much that is plainly and simply bogus.”394 D.M. Murdock (aka Acharya S) was the academic consultant for the first part of the film. Murdock as written extensively on the Jesus Myth.395 She has responded to people’s concerns regarding the accuracy of the claims about Jesus in Zeitgeist by writing an e-book titled 392 Stephen Bedard is the pastor of Woodford Baptist Church and First Baptist Church Meaford and is a D.Min. -
20 Biblical Reasons I Cannot Be a Roman Catholic
Volume 36, Number 2 April • May • June 2017 In This Edition: Comments from Discerner Readers .................2 From The President .......................................3 With This Issue .............................................3 In The News ..................................................6 Stop Copying Me! Is the Story of Jesus Stolen from Pagan Beliefs and Traditions? by Jeriah Shank ..........................................7 The Epicurus Dilemma: Reconciling God and Evil ...................................................... 14 by Steve Lagoon 20 Biblical Reasons Why I cannot be a Roman Catholic ...................................................... 21 by Bary Claud Gaudrealt QUIZ: ......................................................... 29 Copyright © 2006 Religion Analysis Service, Inc. 1 The Discerner PO Box 206 Volume 36, Number 2 Chaska, MN 55318 April • May • June 2017 612-331-3342 / 1-800-562-9153 FAX 612-331-3342 Religion Analysis Service [email protected] http://www.ras.org Board Members Published Quarterly Rev. Steve Lagoon: President Price $10.00 for 4 issues Foreign subscriptions $14.00 Steve Devore: Treasurer, Office Manager Scott Harvath Religion Analysis Service George Welshons Board of Reference Dr. Norman Geisler Rick Dack Dr. James Walker Doug Steiner Don Veinot Dave Brittian Dr. Ron Rhodes Robert Bowman The Discerner editorial team is M. Kurt Goedelman Steve Lagoon, Steve Devore, and Doug Steiner COMMENTS FROM DISCERNER READERS We begin by sharing some comments we have recently received from our readers: “To those at RAS have a blessed Christmas in Christ Jesus and throughout the year. Larry Sutherland was leader of our senior Bible study group and always had current back-issues of the Discerner with him. That is how I was introduced to The Discerner and appreciate each issue. I read as I have become more knowledgeable about cults.” Gail Trandem “Enclosed is my gift for 2016. -
O Último Livro
Crítica as Religiões 1 CRÍTICA AS RELIGIÕES Copyright © 2020 by José Pedro Cariboni Moreno Todos os direitos reservados. Nenhuma parte desta obra poderá ser reproduzida ou transmitida por qualquer forma e/ou quaisquer meios (eletrônico ou mecânico, incluindo fotocópia e gravação) ou arquivada em sistema ou banco de dados sem a permissão, por escrito, do autor. Depósito legal: Biblioteca Nacional ISBN: 978- 85-540442-6-8 Criação de capa e diagramação de miolo: José Pedro Cariboni José Pedro Cariboni Moreno - Jopeu Crítica as Religiões 2 Crítica as Religiões Para compreender a História 1a edição Rio de Janeiro, RJ Primavera de 2020 Dedico este livro minha esposa Renata. Que com sua dedicação brindou-me a paz e tranquilidade que fizeram possível escrevê-lo. José Pedro Cariboni Moreno - Jopeu Crítica as Religiões 3 Índice Crítica as Religiões.............................................................5 A Contradição que te impede de ver a Deus.............9 As Religiões.............................................................11 A Religião Cristã...........................................................13 História do Cristianismo...............................................14 O Primeiro Crime.....................................................14 Papas Criminosos - Fraudadores............................17 A Inquisição do Cristianismo....................................21 A Noite de São Bartolomeu......................................28 Os Hussitas..............................................................29 Francisco de Assis...................................................31 -
Shadow of the Third Century: a Revaluation of Christianity 1
SHADOW OF THE THIRD CENTURY: A REVALUATION OF CHRISTIANITY 1 Shadow of the Third Century: A Revaluation of Christianity BY ALVIN BOYD KUHN, PH. D. Get any book for free on: www.Abika.com Get any book for free on: www.Abika.com SHADOW OF THE THIRD CENTURY: A REVALUATION OF CHRISTIANITY 2 Shadow of the Third Century A Revaluation of Christianity BY ALVIN BOYD KUHN, PH. D. "...the tyranny exercised over the human mind in the name of religion."--H. H. MILMAN, The History of Christianity (page 461). "From the very beginning it was a tradition of faith. In all strictness the Gospels are not historical documents. They are catechisms for use in common worship . that and no other is the content they announce; that and no other is the quality they claim."-- ALFRED LOISY, The Birth of the Christian Religion (p. 12). [1949] TO ALL THOSE WHO KNOW THAT TRUTH ALONE WILL FREE US FROM THE TYRANNY OF INDOCTRINATED PIOUS OBSESSIONS THIS VOLUME IS SINCERELY DEDICATED Get any book for free on: www.Abika.com SHADOW OF THE THIRD CENTURY: A REVALUATION OF CHRISTIANITY 3 CONTENTS CHAPTER I. PRIMEVAL CHRISTIANITY II. THE SHADOW OF THE SPHINX III. WHEN VISION FAILED IV. THE VEILED LIGHT V. WISDOM IN A MYSTERY VI. MILK FOR BABES VII. NIGHTFALL VIII. HATRED OF PHILOSOPHY IX. FROM RELIGION TO PHILOSOPHY X. TO FAITH ADD KNOWLEDGE XI. THE GREAT EBB-TIDE XII. CRUMBS FROM THE TABLE OF THE GODS XIII. WISDOM IS MUTE XIV. THE MYTH-GHOSTS WALK ABROAD XV. PAUL KNOWS NOT JESUS XVI. -
Class 3A HOW MUCH SKEPTICISM IS WARRANTED? the MYTHICAL VIEW of JESUS
Class 3a HOW MUCH SKEPTICISM IS WARRANTED? THE MYTHICAL VIEW OF JESUS Outline § Early & Current Mythicists § Reactions to Mythicism by NT Scholars § Mythicism Run Amok § The Basic Mythicist Position § An Initial Rejoinder Early Mythicists § 1791 – Constantin François Volney ú all religions are at heart the same ú Christians invented variant on sun-god tradition (Krishna) § 1795 – Charles-François Dupuis ú a more influential work in the same vein ú Jesus a variant on sun-god theme § 1840-1877 – Bruno Bauer ú A New Testament scholar ú Gospel authors invented Jesus ú Christianity an amalgamation of Judaism and Roman Stoicism 1 Early Mythicists § 1900 – J. M. Robertson ú Jesus like fertility gods ú death and resurrection myths mimic nature cycles ú Jesus may have existed, but he was nothing like the dying-rising Christ that Christians made him § 1909 – Arthur Drews ú Jesus was not a real historical figure ú Lenin was convinced; myth theory popular in Soviet Union Current Mythicists § 2009 – Earl Doherty ú Jesus: Neither God nor Man (2009) • no historical Jesus worthy of the name existed • Christianity began with a belief in a spiritual, mythical figure • the Gospels are essentially allegory and fiction • no single identifiable person lay at the root of the Galilean preaching tradition § 2003-2011 – Robert Price ú The Incredible Shrinking Man: How Reliable Is the Gospel Tradition? (2003) ú The Christ-Myth Theory and Its Problems (2011) Current Mythicists § 2005 – Thomas L. Thompson ú The Messiah Myth: The Near Eastern Roots of Jesus and David (2005) • Hebrew Bible scholar and famous “minimalist” • King David and Jesus never existed • Christians invented savior figure from precedents and stories in Jewish scriptures § 2014 – Richard Carrier ú On the Historicity of Jesus: Why We Might Have Reason for Doubt (2014) 2 Current Mythicists A Variation on the Thesis Jesus existed, but he was not the founder of Christianity.