CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND

1.1.1 is well known as the ‘Queen of Deccan’ due to its scenic beauty and rich natural resources. Besides, it is famous for its religious and historical places. Pune city is known in the world map because of its educational, research and development institutions. The district also has an importance as an important military base. Pune is the most industrialized district in western Maharastra and a famous IT hub in the country. Pune exemplifies an indigenous Marathi culture and ethos, in which education, arts & crafts and theaters are given due prominence. Pune is the cultural capital of Maharastra. It is the birth place of the poet-saint Tukaram. It is the home of great freedom fighters like , Agarkar and Gopal Krishna Gokhale. Jayant Narlikar, the famous contemporary scientist is from Pune.

1.1.2 Location - is located between 17 0 54’ and 10 0 24’ North latitude and 73 019 and 75 0 10’ East longitude. The district has geographical area of 15.642 sq km. The district is bound by Ahmadnagar district on the north-east, Solapur district on the south-east, Satara district on south, Raigad district on the west and Thane district on the north-west. Pune district forms a part of the tropical monsoon land and therefore shows a significant seasonal variation in temperature as well as rainfall conditions. Climate of the western region of Pune is cool whereas the eastern part is hot and dry.

1.1.3 Earhquake Prone Areas – Due to the presence of many structural hills within Pune district, it is likely place for earthquakes. Small south-west side portion of taluka and Velha fall under risk zone-IV, which is high damage risk zone. The remaining part of the district falls under zone –III, which is moderate risk zone.

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1.1.4 Flood Prone Areas – Most of the talukas in Pune district are flood prone. The rivers likely to cause flooding are rivers - Bhima, Mula, Mutha, Indrayani, Ghod, Mina, Pushpavati, Nira and river Pavana. Due to heavy rainfall, land slide occurs in taluka , and Mushi.

1.1.5 Road Network Pune district is well connected with the state capital and surrounding headquarters through road and rail linkages. The road network consists of Express Highways. National Highways, State Highways and Major District Roads. The district has total length of 13,642 km of roads. Following National Highways pass through the district : 1. National Highway No. 4 (Mumbai-) 2. National Highway No. 9 (Pune-Solapur-Hyderabad) 3. National Highway No. 50 (Pune-Nashik).

1.1.6 Rail Network The district has a total rail network of 311 km. Pune and are the two major junction stations. Following are the three main Railway routes pass through the district : 1. Mumbai-Pune-Solapur 2. Pune-Miraj 3. Daund-Baramati.

1.1.7 Air Route Pune is well connected through domestic airlines with the entire country. The airport located at Lohgaon has recently acquired status of an international airport. Also it is proposed to develop an international air-cargo hub near Khed Tahsil of the district.

1.2 STUDY AREA

The study area has been taken as the area comprising the present Pune Corporation (PMC), Municipal Corporation (PCMC) and both the cantonment areas namely Pune and . The study area also includes the Hinjewadi and surrounding areas where the IT Parks are coming up. The zoning system of the study area comprises of 53 zones in the PMC area and 38 zones in PCMC area. Pune and Khadki cantonments have been considered as two zones. In addition to 91 internal zones, 13 external zones are considered.

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1.3 DEMOGRAHIC PROFILE

The total population of the study area in 2001 was 35.6 lakhs. The break-up of population is as under:

Pune Khadki Total PMC PCMC Cantonment Cantonment 2001 2328349 1083967 80191 77473 35,69,980

The decadal growth in PCMC area is almost 100% in the past 3 decades. PMC area has registered an average decadal growth of around 35% and a decline in population is observed in both the cantonments. The estimated population figures of study area for the base year 2008, and the horizon years are as under:

Estimated Population in Different Areas of Study Area Region 2008 2011 2021 2031 PMC 3372919 3756345 4807868 5443642 PCMC 1446142 1591873 1915320 2106123 Pune Cantonment 83046 84292 88603 93134 Khadki Cantonment 80232 81435 85600 89977

1.4 DMRC has been entrusted with the job of preparation of Detailed project report for about 30 Km. of Metro network in Pune metropolitan Authority which includes the city of Pune and Pune Chinchwad, vide the letter No. ------dated ------of Pune Municipality.

1.5 PRESENT STUDY

1.5.1 Rapid industrialization and intense commercial developments in the past decades have resulted in steep rise in travel demand, putting Pune’s transport infrastructure to stress. With the projected increase in the city’s population, strengthening and augmenting the existing transport infrastructure has assumed urgency.

1.5.2 Present study has been conducted to identify the main traffic corridors, which will eventually become the routes for running a grade separated Rail based transport system. As technology has vastly improved over the years, underground metro rail system is no more a dream which cannot be translated into reality.

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Underground metro will be able to connect different parts of the city area with the developed and developing areas and there is no need to recommend detouring to avoid the congested parts of the city.

1.5.3 The Objective of the present study is to identify the best metro corridor network for Pune City. Although the city has relatively low population compared to other metropolitan cities, an advance planning for a modern transportation system for Pune city shall help it to grow in terms of industrialization and commercialization. The objective of the study is to identify the metro corridors for the metro master plan and priorities the corridors for implementation. This report also deals to find out the sectional loads on different corridors including the station loads for the Phase-I.

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