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TO UTAH FARMERS

In the rich, table-level Platte Valley of Nebraska's Dawson County, I talked with a man who's figured a lot of answers during over 40 years of farming in these parts. Partly retired

now, living in Lexington, Elmer E. Youngs still actively supervises a 320 -acre farm.

"Pumps are my answer to dry years," Elmer Youngs told

me (photo shows one of two Youngs' pumps) . "When you

give it plenty of water this is just as great a feed country as it was when my wife and I came out here back in '97. In the old days you never saw pumps in this section. We depended on rainfall and what water we could get from ditches off the Platte River. But there's little water in the ditches lately. It's been necessary to irrigate corn land to make a crop. I get ample water from my two pumps. It's only about 20 feet down to water and each of my pumps will throw about 1200 gallons a minute." For ten years Mr. Youngs was president of the Dawson County Farm Bureau and state president for two years. He now serves on the board of governors of the U. S. Livestock Breeders Association. —Your Safeway Farm Reporter

TAKE IT FROM ELMER YOUNGS...

"Farmers today have just as much opportunity as the "No matter how high the price of grain goes, feed old-timers ever did. But the present-day farmer in it to your livestock and market 'em on the hoof" this plains country needs a pump so he can survive "I've seen great market fluctuations in my long ex- dry years" perience selling livestock. So I fully appreciate the "Plant lots of trees — they give you a windbreak stabilizing effect of those producer-consumer cam- against blizzards and also provide shade and shelter paigns put on by Safeway and the other food chains. for stock" Growers had no such help in the old days" "It pays to store feed for lean times — at least one "Speaking as a consumer I admire Safeway's direct, year's supply if possible" efficient plan of food distribution — it means wel- "Keeping alfalfa hay under cover helps prevent nu- come money-savings in the store" trients from leaching out. I'm a strong believer in big storage barns." (One of the Youngs barns is said to be the biggest in Nebraska)

"Grind corn fine for starting out young calves. For finishing animals I favor shelled corn plus cotton- seed cake and a small amount of linseed oil meal"

"Every pound of feed I ever grew has gone to finish either beef or hogs," Elmer Youngs said. "I've finished off from 400 to 500 head of beef cattle a year and marketed my feed on the hoof." Youngs' beef has consistently brought top prices ; one year he topped the fat cattle market in Omaha G>1

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA MAY. 1941 V.^-f

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By FRANKLIN S. HARRIS, JR.

Tt takes the average college teacher * from twelve to fifteen years to win the rank of "full professor," according to a survey conducted at Indiana Uni- versity. An instructor who stays at the same college has one chance in four of being promoted to assistant professor, one in nine of becoming an associate professor, and one in eleven of becoming a full professor. Teachers who get their jobs in the school they themselves attended have a better chance of promotion than those who obtain posts else- where.

Tt has been estimated that the wind in * a dust storm may carry as much as one hundred and twenty-six thousand tons of dust per cubic mile.

Tn special tests under extreme condi- Don't Bargain With *• tions rayon cord tires have given as much as thirty times the mileage of j#Lfl--- ordinary cotton cord tires. In one overloaded, high-speed run in hot coun- Baby's Diet! try, rayon tires lasted eighty thousand miles while the ordinary tires wore out in three thousand.

Straine I HPhe giant clam of the Australian Insist On Heinz * Barrier Reef and other tropical Foods Prepared With Th< regions has a shell a yard or more in Same Care And Skill That diameter. Have Made Heinz Foods Famous For 70 Years! HpHE frog's frequent change of color •* is due to a pituitary messenger car- Bargain FOODS are not for your the blood to the pigment cells ried by baby. Quality should be your of the skin. PAY NO PREMIUM first consideration! And certainly YOU VITAL ASSUR- no name inspires greater confidence FOR THESE HTo substitute for metal currency is an than Heinz a world-famous sym- ANCES OF QUALITY * old practice. In the later years of — bol of uniformity and flavor in 57 VITAMINS AND MINERALS are Seleucid rule and early in Parthian rule 1 preserved in high degree by scien- in Syria, silver was too much in demand Varieties of good foods. Heinz tifically cooking top-grade fruits, and vegetables— vacuum-packing them for other purposes to be used for coin- Strained Foods are made to those in special enamel-lined tins. Quality is age. To save the trouble of counting controlled from seed to container. same exacting standards — yet they out large sums in bronze money the THE MOST MODERN cooking cost you no more than ordinary 2 and packing methods have been merchants had copies made in clay of developed Heinz specialists in yourself by the tetradrachm coin which in the third brands. Save hours of need- Mellon Institute of Industrial Research. century B. C. had been in circulation at less work by ordering a supply. FURTHER ASSURANCE of uni- 3 is furnished con- Seleucia-on-Tigris and other parts of your baby thrive on them! form excellence by Watch stant research work of scientists in the empire. Heinz Quality Control Department. 4 ALL 14 KINDS of Heinz Baby THESE TWO 4 Foods on dealers' shelves are for tennis, squash, "Dacquet strings SEALS MEAN checked regularly by Heinz sales- ** and badminton are now made from men and replaced by fresh stocks after PROTECTION a limited time. Quality is controlled from a synthetic material, unaffected by at- FOR BABY Heinz kitchens to consumer. mospheric changes. The string is one solid strand so that threads cannot fray, and it does not require waxing or shellacking. 4 A n unusual use for dynamite is freeing •** roads of snow in the spring. In rained Foods the fall the road is closed and the charges placed. In some places in the Heinz 12 Unstrained, Highly Nutritive Junior Foods Meet The Rockies by the end of winter the snow n & (Concluded on page 260) ft tJ 9 Special Needs Of Children Graduating From Strained Foods THmprouement Era (Do Q/oil JGwjw- Where forty-seven mothers have a "The Glory of God is Intelligence" total of 583 children? 260

MAY 19 4 1 Heber J. Grant, What the Moapa Stake agricultur- John A. Widtsoe, al program has accomplished?-264 VOLUME 44 NUMBER 5 Editors How President Grant felt when he Richard L. Evans, U was first called to the Apostle- THE VOICE OF THE CHURCH" Managing Editor ship? 267 Marba C . Josephson, OFFICIAL ORGAN OF THE PRIESTHOOD QUORUMS, MUTUAL IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATIONS, DEPART- Associate Editor Who has been appointed a mem- MENT OF EDUCATION, MUSIC COMMITTEE, WARD George Q. Morris, General Mgr ber of the Council of Twelve? TEACHERS, AND OTHER AGENCIES OF THE CHURCH Lucy G. C

Who have been called as assistants to the Council of Twelve?. 269

What elements must be considered JhsL £dxkftL (paqsL in landscaping the small home? 277 What ancient city in Opening Conference Address Heber Grant 267 Mexico had J. a National Academy of Music, Arts, and Sciences? 274 What the The General Authorities of the Church 268 "enriched flour" program signifies? 276 The 111th Annual Conference 269 How blood typing aids Harold B. Lee of the Council of the Twelve the student of ancient American peoples?__279 Richard L. Evans 270 From Out New England Frank V. Nelson 272 In what region sixty years ago a "two-horse farmer" H. Moyle 280 was consid- Looking Back Sixty Years ..James ered a man of influence? 280 Evidences and Reconciliations—XXXVII. Can Faith Be How the game of A. Widtsoe 289 basketball orig- Built On Theories? John inated? 282 New Zealand Mothers 260 Mutual Messages: What final estimate we may make Music: Heads Up, Choir Mem- Executives 301 of Porter Rockwell's life and bers, Frank W. Asper 262 M Men-Gleaners ....302 work? 283 Moapa Stake Agricultural Pro- Sportsmanship Theme Domi- gram, C. Orval Stott. ...264 nates M Men Basketball The seasonal opening and closing The Widow's Mite, Ida H. Tournament, Les Goates....303 dates of the seven temples in Steed 265 Explorers ...304 the Church? 287 Brigham Young on Tithing.. 282 Juniors 304 Whether faith can be built on Church Moves On ..286 Scouts ....304 theories? 289 Priesthood: Melchizedek 294 Bee-Hive Girls 305

Aaronic _. 297 Australian Mission, D. For- Several uses for discarded felt Ward Teaching 299 rest Greene 305 hats? 291 No - Liquor - Tobacco Cam- Jubilee Memories, Ileen Ann About the new athletic program paign 294, 298 Waspe 306 ^ outlined for Elders? 294 Genealogy ...300 Field Photos ...... 302, 303, 304, 305, and 306 How to keep a personal and fam- Sfi&rioL J&oiuAsiiu ily history? 300 When June Conference convenes? 301 Texcotzingo and Its Ancient Ruins Ralph V. Chamberlin 274 The Enriched Flour Program Leah D. Widtsoe 276 Who won the eleventh annual Inter-Council Vanball Tour- Architecture Landscape and the Small Home nament? 303 Gordon S. Bowen 277 Basketball Is Fifty Years Old Conrey Bryson 282 Porter Conclusion Nicholas Alfen 283 EXECUTIVE AND EDITORIAL Orrin Rockwell— Van OFFICES: Exploring the Universe, Frank- Farnsworth 279 50 North Main Street, Salt Lake City, Utah. lin S. Harris, Jr 257 On the Book Rack 285 Telefact ..260 Homing: Family Relations in Copyright 1941, by Mutual Funds. Inc., a Cor- poration of the Young Men's Mutual Improve- A Modern Myth, William Mul- the Bible, Calvin T. Ryan....290 ment Association of the Church of Jesus Christ der ..263 Handy Hints 291 of Latter-day Saints. All rights reserved. Sub- Current Facts on Ancient Amer- Here's How 292 scription price, $2.00 a year, in advance; 20c single copy. ican Peoples, Charles E. Dib- Cooks' Corner, Barbara Bad- Entered at the Post Office, Salt Lake City, ble ...279 ger Burnett 292 Utah, as second-class matter. Acceptance for Looking Back at Ancient Amer- Index to Advertisers 309 mailing at special rate of postage provided ica, William and Dewey Your Page and Ours 320 for in section 1103, Act of October, 1917, authorized July 2, 1918.

The Improvement Era is not responsible for unsolicited manuscripts, but Welcomes con- President Grant's Message to the Church. John A. Widtsoe 288 tributions. All manuscripts must be accompanied by sufficient Harold B. Lee John A. Widtsoe 288 postage for delivery and return.

"Assistants to the Twelve" _ John A. Widtsoe 288 NATIONAL ADVERTISING REPRESENTATIVES Siffli&du, ftjOSrfAtf, QjWAAUOfflcL (pU$£tsL Francis M. Mayo, Salt Lake City Thore Mothers We Knew - James P. Sharp 273 Edward S. Townsend, San Francisco Dorthea the Bountiful ...Ruth Vallery Young 278 MEMBER OF THE AUDIT BUREAU OF Porter Conclusion.. Orrin Rockwell— Nicholas Van Alfen 283 CIRCULATIONS Frontispiece: Watchman of To the Masters, Tom L. Broad-

the World, Archer Willey 266 bent .... 300 Poetry Page 284 Sky Styles, Christine C. Hoop..314 Scriptural Crossword Puzzle. ...318 A MAGAZINE FOR EVERY JhfL fov&A, MEMBER OF THE FAMILY

This study of a spring mood is by Toni Frissell. You can use ALL of your present horse-drawn implements

with the

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With this 16-inch "horse-drawn" two-way plow, the Power- Horse pulls a deep furrow in second speed at more than three miles per hour. Only a few seconds are required to unhook from the plow and hook on to a harrow. w

Eimco Power-Horse attached to "horse-drawn" cultivator mak- POWER-HORSE ing turn at end of row in a field of sugar beets. Turning space REGISTERED U.S. PAT. OFF. required is less than the width of the cultivator. Operator has perfect control of both Power-Horse and cultivator—can accomplish at least three times as much work in a day as with a No complications—no delay—no extra expense. The team. Power-Horse can be hitched quickly and easily to any farm implement originally designed for pulling by one, two or three horses and does the same work FASTER, BETTER and CHEAPER. There is practically no limit to its useful adapt-

ability. Every day of the year it gives money-saving service on the job next in line—serving faithfully and eco- nomically in any season. DOES EVERYTHING ON THE FARM This "horse-drawn" hay rake never knew what it could do THAT A THREE-HORSE TEAM CAN DO in a day until it got behind a Power-Horse. Another job that simply can't be done with any other type of tractor. It sounds too good to be true . . yet that enables you to sit or stand on the it's no exaggeration to say that you can implement being drawn and operate actually and easily do EVERYTHING on tirelessly and easily from any distance. the farm with an Eimco Power-Horse At the gentle tug of a line it veers left

that you now do with a team . . . what or right or pivots at the end of the row is more, you do the work better, faster on its own wheelbase. Gets you in and and at greatly lowered cost. It's the only out of tight places with amazing maneu- tractor made that completely takes the verability. Takes only a jiffy to change place of horses! And the ONLY tractor from one farm implement to another. POSITIVE DRIVE TO ALL FOUR WHEELS

With the final drive through roller enables you to make any grade, wind chains and sprockets—no differential through rutted trails or cross swampy gearing or universal joints—the EIMCO stretches. Four speeds, forward and Power-Horse can operate with traction reverse, gives the Power-Horse com- Try to do this ditching job with any two-wheel-drive tractor! on three wheels, two wheels or even mand of the toughest kind of job. This Only the positive four-wheel drive of the Power-Horse can give one wheel. This adaptable power ap- also assures big economy in fuel con- adequate traction with two wheels in the muddy ditch. plied to the big billowy pneumatic tires sumption.

Write today for big, free, illustrated 12-page booklet that tells the THE EIMCO CORPORATION whole story . . . points the way to easier life and better profits on Box 300, Salt Lake City, Utah the farm! Clip and Mail This Coupon Today! Please send me the Power-Horse Booklet with the understanding that no charge or obligation of any kind will be incurred. THE NAME EIMCO CORPORATION OCCUPATION 634-666 South 4th West Salt Lake City- Utah Affiliated with AMERICAN FOUNDRY AND MACHINE COMPANY and ADDRESS STRUCTURAL STEEL AND FORGE COMPANY )

IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 THE TEIEFACT AGE DISTRIBUTION OF WOMEN

UNDER 20 YRS. 20-49 I 50 8

/j /* a \ t! 1800 kkkm 58%

1900

/ \/ \/ \/ 34% \mm46% _ 20%

2000

SCIENCE SERVICE -PICTOGRAPH CORPORATION 1-1

1790, now consist of more than eight Exploring the Universe million pages. **HCY pAr Concluded from page 257 4 ^4> ( HpHE numerals which we call "Arabic" is fifteen to twenty feet deep, and when * are really of Indian origin, and the the time comes, the blasts are touched Roman figures appear to be of Etruscan GLOBE off to reduce the snow banks to depths origin with perhaps a trace of Greek. i'^N which the plows can handle. - 4 _ new portable electrical instrument A study by Farnsworth of the zodi- A *~~ /LOUR **" can measure periods of time down acal birth signs of two thousand to a thousandth of a second. When musicians and painters did not find the connection, predicted by astrology, used in ballistics it can measure the esthetic sign. bullet velocities in a distance as short with Libra, supposedly the •UACHfo as five to ten feet. 4 T adies' gloves are now made from J-/ npb give fish in hatcheries the needed one of the synthetic yarns. A knit bulk or roughage in their food, it fabric resembling heavy silk in appear- has been found at Cornell University ance, the yarn is completely non-ab- GLO0 that completely indigestible cellophane, sorbent and ordinary stains like grease EA|>tOUR when cut into shreds, is readily eaten. or lip-stick can be removed by wash- 4 ing in soap and water. After washing Dy wrapping oranges and other citrus they may be dried and ready to wear fruits in paper treated by diphenyl, in forty minutes. « ^ owers in Australia have found that losses of fruit were from two-thirds to Experiments in black-outs have three-fouith- less than that from fruit *-* shown that a lighted match can be in ordinary untreated wrappers. seen by an airplane a half mile away. > An oil lantern is clearly visible from a THhe census records, that have ac- mile and a quarter and a lighted win- "* cumulated since the first census in dow from twelve miles.

THESE ARE THE MOTHERS OF 583 CHILDREN

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GLOBE "Al

Elder Rufus K. Hardy of the First Council of the Seventy brought this photograph back from Ngaruanahia, New Zealand, in 1938. These are Maori and Pakeha Saints—47 mothers. Each mother has ten or more E-1 children. The entire group has 583 children. Thirteen mothers in the picture have a total of 218 children. 260 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

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THE OLIVER MOWER starts cutting instantly, mows clean, shears close to the ground and handles many hard- to-cut crops. Oil-bath drive gears in back of the axle. Four-square frame. Long-lasting bearings.

Here's a combination that is "out in front" itself and will put you out in front in time and money saved and crop growth stimulated. It's the Oliver No. 1095 2-row power lift Cultivator—midship-mounted on the famous "New World of Power," the Oliver 60 Tractor.

THE OLIVER SELF-DUMP HAY RAKE A COMBINATION THAT WILL has a strong, rigid angle steel frame of "bridge truss" design to prevent sagging and twisting. Rake teeth lift and drop instantly by foot clutch. Three different "down" positions, PUT YOU AHEAD OF YOUR CROP three "up" positions to handle all kinds of hay under all conditions.

When we say "out in front" we mean just that. Oliver's rigid midship mounting of tools puts them right before your eyes where you can watch their work—their floating gangs which operate at even depth—without twisting your neck or turning your body. Here's an outfit that helps you cover plenty of ground when time and weather

are right.

irniMiiMMnmit r iH i iiin i > w i m u You'll find the new Oliver 60, with its PowerMaster high-com-

pression engine, its Row-Vue tapered hood, its high clearance for late THE ROW CROP 70 MOUNTED MOWER cultivation a marvel of power, usefulness and real comfort. It's the big- built. is driven from the tractor power take-off. It gest "little tractor" ever

has a simple, safe, effective drive. It is easily attached, pressure lubricated. This outfit will cut several acres per day. Come in and see GOME IN TODAY AND LEARN WHY THE OLIVER "3T" TEST,.. THINK, the mounted mower and the Oliver Hay Makers at our nearest store.

TALK, TEST. . . IS THE ONLY REAL WAY TO BUY FARM EQUIPMENT

MOUNTAIN STATES IMPLEMENT CO. OGDEN, UTAH Mountain States Implement Co. Ogden, Utah IE 5-41 Please send free information on machines BRANCHES: UTAH checked:

( ) Oliver 60 Tractor; ( ) Mounted Cultivator; Murray. Ogden, Logan, Tremonton ( ) Mowers; ( ) Rakes; ( ) Row Crop 70 Tractor. IDAHO Name -

Preston, Blackfoot, Shelley, Idaho Falls, Rexburg, Rupert, Twin Falls, Buhl Town State R. F. D I farm acres.

261 —i

Wjuudc. •• A Future HEADS UP, CHOIR MEMBERS! By Dr. Frank W. Asper PRIMA DONNA '"Phe personality, sincerity, and mu- ? sical background of the conductor of a choir ultimately decide the failure or success of the whole organization. The ideal conductor by his personality will create and keep harmony among the members. His capabilities will secure faith in him from the singers who sit under his baton. The choir members should at all times know their music sufficiently well so that they can look at the conductor. Many times one sees an organization with eyes glued on the music casting every now and again a hurried, tolerant glance at the director, with the result that the spirit and beauty of the singing are utterly lacking. The conductor should constantly stress the point that the singers always have their heads up and eyes toward him, for the tone quality is better when the head is elevated. The conductor is helpless unless every eye is fixed on him. Only then can singers get his every facial expression and catch his spirit. What a satisfaction there is in spotless walls and woodwork, a shining stove Every conductor must love the work, and refrigerator! And there's double sat- and he must have the power to make isfaction when you can keep spick and the choir love it as well. He must span without "rub-scrub-drudgery"! possess full confidence in himself and thus inspire confidence in those under Maybe that boy or girl of yours Too good to be true? Not according his direction. He must know within to housekeepers who are using VANO has amazing talent in one of the that sensational himself that he can make this chorus of — liquid cleaner that Skillful training will re- voices sing to such good purpose that arts. makes dirt vanish! VANO is a brand itl But talent or not . . . new chemical discovery— not a soap. they will reach to the inmost thoughts veal And there's not much around the house and hearts of the congregation. If schooling in one or more of the it won't clean — painted walls, wood- the choir also know this, they will rise fine arts is a cultural achieve- work and furniture, Venetian blinds, to every occasion. linoleum, stoves and refrigerators It is a constant requirement that ment that enriches life and the greasier and grimier the better! the director begin the rehearsal with makes living happier. The Get a bottle of from gro- the right atmosphere. The choir mem- VANO your McCune School—with its schol- cer— and see if all we say isn't true! bers should eliminate self in forming arly faculty and beautiful build- Chemicals Inc., 155 Sansome St., San Francisco. one great harmonious organization. They must be sufficiently interested to ing and surroundings — can learn the words, music, time, and other adapt the training to the need details even out of rehearsal time if necessary and by themselves. No at a price that makes it a school number should be sung without numer- for all the children of all the ous rehearsals, and the choir members people! should learn to blend their voices until they become like one tone. They must all present the same idea, and the lips Your Catalog esSSs-01 and tongue speak the same vowels and NON STREAK, consonants together. Each part —describing courses and pri- should sound as one singer. The re- vate instruction, will be mailed »*S1S yo»* sult will be that the voices all blend; LBAVBS to on your request. Or call SOfT they will all have the same quality; and you HAN»S every eye will be fixed on the director. at the School for your copy. outf pwci ft The conductor will find some of the THt m*o most inspiring moments of his life when «C he stands before a well-prepared choir 'ano QUART that has been through all the prepara- CVT»*!» tions necessary for good diction, tone \N N\os* production, and blending. Individuality always finds expression une in the voice. In the perfect choir mem- ilGfrVCIIIO' ber, this individuality also is sub- SCHOOL OF MUSIC & ART merged and melted into wonderful har- FORVANO GETS DIRT mony and inspired teamwork. Salt Lake City : _

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 A Modern Myth "DORROWING ON TOMORROW'S PROSPECTS TO PAY BILLS FOR yesterday's EXTRAVAGANCE. 00' By William Mulder yOV> Midas walks again and daily tempts us to test the power of his touch. *«#*** For the asking he will transform desire to glistening gold. Under the non-partisan slogan of "Plenty of cash for all" he would establish his kingdom among us on the four points of his progressive platform, to wit °» l° cash with J{n 1. "To provide folks who need oua~^ any amount from $10.00 to $300.00." Qj XAT

2. "To do this quickly, privately . . . without anyone else knowing your personal PREVIEW business." PRIVATE1 3. "To make it easy for you to repay in , r?) <&*cr.iu amounts that fit your budget." cfummer Gar 4. "To eliminate all worry in money mat- lour of Conoco ters: wipe the slate clean of small bills; , help provide for vacation necessities; gasonn Bronz-z-z geR. save ten to fifty per cent on cash pur- rpo DAV . *» tszziZ E-ntheg chases; provide a happier home life." Processed oil. Conoco To«r« erated by A very Merlin come to our aid who will perform for us the miracle that .few gets ir And in a customers as be neither we nor the Joneses have been ^no obligation. J ^ able to bring to pass in all these years f°r seasonally Con c T-rbiCo-ed- f of living beyond our means! It all fUll gasoline, CUstom-buf ^ H Conoco Bronz-z-z read the in- a seems so easy. We can It's really fter ^*^cation9 . A ^ane-Letbat'so,-^- structions on the exceedingly clever own specAca book, to your W "budget" blanks which we found had becomes the trip it - left on the streetcar, adv n surface been at our home, but now m gine , LATING Book , ^y 0iLi the windshield £j oil v* at the office, under Processed "betweenb quicWydram down wiper of the car—suggestively every- it.. all -or near can't oi route " cbance, then, where, inviting us to get money. "Note cov« or d«P, ,- „ Smaqmall . every point to times. on sWlft small bills, P here amounts you want for precision map " dry Stat parts Touraide * engine repair, furniture, fussing. That rleps taxes, coal, clothes, j „« folding or parts. p binged-nofoldmg op _ flying ^ . . . Total. . . ^ school expenses, grocer plus you request, om- close-fittiBg..^^yancedin Bring this credit card in." We are Andc i .a vel! OIVI^TING ^ be- le Conoco "preferred" accounts, of course, inform as your Touraide its way your is good. Very flatter- plete you today at cause our credit and play P FREE. Apply Reminded that there is free park- commodates ing. use ot every station. figure the best Conoco ing while we arrange our loan, we are S not obh- v Touraidelouraiue does invited not to be concerned when we Your Free ACTUAt BOOK 12"x 9' need cash, but to head straight for the finance company. The Midas of a modern day has turned business man and is finding his stay in town" profitable. "our PROCESSED OIL Perhaps it is not with him we should GERM quarrel. We've got to hand it to him. BRONZ-ZI GASOLINE He is clever, aggressive, and works CONOCO off incessantly to extend the influence of *Reg.U.S. P°t- - C «K?f v\>K(M> his magic. And he is always within the law. It is rather bur own vulnerability that we must criticize. We forget that the protection of a self-imposed moral -DELICIOUS- law is greater than the guarantee of a business-manipulated civil law. If we are too proficient in signing on the dot- PIMENTO ted line, it is time to recall the old story CHEDDAR of Esau, who sold his birthright for a AGED mess of pottage. He got just that. DUTCH LUNCH Mortgaging the future is a very pain- Star-Kis* less procedure, until the day of reckon- ing. What security can those of us expect who continue to forget that an Tuna income which cannot meet a bill today will never be able to meet that bill to- THE TOP GRADE PACKED 2 WAYS: morrow when it is burdened with the FANCY SOLID PACK or READY GRATED bondage of interest on borrowed IN STARKIST'S MODERN SUNLIT PLANT money? "263 :

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 MOAPA STAKE AGRICULTURAL By C. Orval Stott, PROGRAM Executive Secretary, Church Agricultural Advisory Committee

Moapa Stake Agricultural Ad- fare committees and Priesthood quorums Thevisory committee, consisting of should cooperate in this program. The Edwin G. Wells, chairman, and Stake Agricultural committee obtained in- members Warren Hardy, Arthur formation on varieties and prices from several different nurseries. Hughes, and Harold E. Reber, have done an outstanding piece of work in III. A Weed Control Program their stake; so much so, that it has on Every Farm: been deemed advisable by the General The outline gave details of how this Committee to tell the other stakes of would be handled, suggesting that farmers the Church about their program cease planting weed seeds in inferior crop seeds. Only the best seed should be planted. through The Improvement Era. In Feb- ruary, 1940, the writer visited the stake IV. A Planned Livestock Program and had a conference with the Agri- on Every Farm: cultural committee. Some changes have Every farm should have some kind of been made in the personnel of the com- planned livestock program to help with mittee since that time. Some suggested soil fertility. Too many of our farms have projects were determined upon, and no way of maintaining soil fertility, and too many farms that have some livestock later, the written statement of two of do not have any definite system or pro- the projects was submitted from the KEEP HIM gram. general office the stake committee. to Most of us do not take proper care of ON TOP! The committee met during 1940 at our barnyard manure or make proper use frequent intervals, and outlined a def- of it. Cooperative ownership of manure inite program of work enlarging upon spreaders where farmers cannot buy their Spring means greater ac- the activities decided upon at the pre- own works out quite satisfactorily. Soil fertility is just as important to successful tivity — and bigger appe- vious meetings. Mimeographed copies farming as industry, thrift, and good man- of their program of work have been tites. Keep your youngsters agement on the part of the farmer himself. prepared over the signature of the stake on top by giving them plen- Agricultural Advisory committee and V. Proper Record-Keeping and ty of good food, including distributed to the members of the stake Getting Out of Debt: through Ward Welfare committees and If you cannot make a farm pay on paper delicious, substantial Royal through Priesthood quorums, group it will not pay in actual operation. Usually Bread every day. It's a leaders, and committees. The mimeo- you will find that the farmers who keep the best records of their farming operations splendid energy food. graphed outline begins by quotingfrom are getting along the best financially. Rec- President Brigham Young and Presi- ord-keeping makes better farmers. Try the distinctive new Clark, and then has dent J. Reuben Jr., A real effort should be made to get out ROYAL VITAMIN B-l a verse prefacing the detailed outline of debt during this temporary prosperity WHITE BREAD of the program, from which we quote that we are having right now and will have in the next few years. We are warned the "Old-Fashioned Home Loaf" The Welfare program has now passed of a depression coming worse than any position of just taking care of those now that we have yet gone through. on relief. The aim now is to help those who are not already on relief to keep off. VI. Home and Farm Beautification: »l> It has been predicted that famine will come, The yards around a farm home can be not only to Europe, but to this country. FINE just as beautiful as those around a city In people should Europe, 90,000,000 who home. There is something about beauti- producing foodstuffs are engaged in MeaD be fying a home and farm that makes for bet- war occupations, and according to proph- ter farming and more prosperity. ecy, war and pestilence is coming in this Every farm should have a definite pro- country also. Dr. John A. Widtsoe, in our gram of tree planting, decorating borders ROYAL BAKING CO.—Salt Lake at and Ogden June Conference Panaca, said, "More around fields, making good roads on the people have died from famine than from 100%, Home-Owned—100% American farm, etc. A beautiful shrub or tree in all of the wars of the world. for Look out the proper place and a good road is worth famine. It is coming." more than the land it occupies even on a farm. An outline of this program follows: VII. Church-Wide I. A Home Garden for Every Family: Land Placement With the ideal climate that we have, Projects: USE every family in the Moapa Stake should The Church has investigated quite a have a home garden. Families may combine number of land projects over the West ORORO and cooperate in producing a garden. In with the idea of finding places where fam- times of necessity, a family in our climate ilies can move from the congested districts. It's the PERFECT UTAH could live out of its own garden practically Some of them are proving quite satisfactory. FERTILIZER for the year round. That information is available. There are UTAH SHRUBS—FLOWERS also land opportunities in the Pahranagat II. A Home Orchard and Vineyard Valley that should be studied. and Lawns for Every Family: The Moapa Stake does not produce one- VIII. An Active Committee in Call 7-1543 tenth of the fruit used in it. Every home Every Ward: with a backyard large enough for a play- The only way that we can accomplish Wasatch Chemical Co. ground, lawn, shrubbery, etc., could have the good that we should like to in a stake 2225 So. 5th Street East a few grapevines and fruit trees without agricultural program is to have an active Salt Lake City. Utah detracting from the appearance of the home. committee in every ward. This work right- Branches in Ogden—Frovo Every farm in the stake should have a fully belongs to the Personal Welfare com- small orchard and vineyard. Ward Wel- {Concluded on page 295) 264 '/£#£. i*

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little log cabin had a dirt Herroof and only two small windows. The fields surrounding it were covered with union pacific stages sagebrush, dotted here and there with piles of dirt where prairie- dogs had dug their holes and built their mounds at random. Several years of drouth had discouraged most of the inhabitants of that large open valley, and they had moved away. But she was - not discouraged. The inside """"bulbs walls of her tiny cabin were care- GLADIOLUS fully white-washed, the floor meticulously clean. The old Tot only range, too, was always polished and rubbed until it shone with a cheery brilliance. The spread on ec motel the small iron bed in the corner was of the whitest white, and the pillows soft, fluffy, and inviting. One hot July day she came to HOW TO OBTAIN THIS our home. It had been somewhat WOrlDERFUL muddy walking across the fields VALUE! and rather difficult climbing Moil 10c plus SPECIAL OFFER COUPON (or box through the barbed wire fences. top) from package of Honey Bee Grahams by Purity to: Seventy years of strenuous ac- PURITY BISCUIT CO. fcty tivity hadn't left so much bend- Salt Lake City, Utah ing power in her short, plump body. But there she stood Your bulbs will be sent at once that afternoon, perspiration postpaid. Just thinkl hot Only 10c for a gorgeous col- streaming from her wrinkled fore- orful flower garden of as- sorted gladioli. Two each of head, with a large red rooster 10 beautiful varieties from the famous Kundred &$' held tightly under each arm. Nurser- j& & ies . . . all bulbs are No. 4 "I would like to give these to size bulbs, inspected and guaranteed to grow. Of- the bishop," she said, "for my fered solely to induce you to m& try delicious Honey Bee tithing this month." Grahams by Purity. SPECIAL Life may have deprived her of OFFER COUPONS are at- £ tached to all Honey Bee many of the blessings of earth, Graham packages. Send 6V2 ozs. i> for your bulbs todayl but in her faded blue eyes there 2 lbs. lib. still shone the radiance of an un- wavering faith in God. PURITY BISCUIT CO.- - - Salt Lake City, Utah Watchman ^uul world

By ARCHER WILLEY

hen history w was young I wasyoung.too. Many centuries

ago I pushed aside warm earth to view my surroundings.

Moisture and warmth let me grow. My companions towering in the sun swayed together

in their new-found life.

"Why am I taller than the

others? I'll tell you, stranger.

"You see that resting place against my trunk? You see that scar in my side? The greatest of teachers sat down

there to teach His people, nearly two thousand years ago.

"I still remember part of His words as He, standing here beside me, reached out His right hand and said, 'Blessed are the poor in spirit, for theirs

is the kingdom of Heaven.' He leaned against my side and

as I began repeating 'for theirs

is the kingdom of Heaven,' something filled me, surging upward through my limbs—and oh, how joyful I felt that day

that I had given Him shelter and shade. He talked about the fig tree, about the birds,

and about the lilies of the field

and I heard Him say, 'Whoso liveth and believeth shall never die. He shall never perish.'

"Living, I believed Him, and

I have endured these many centuries towering in the sunlight above the heads of a

young nation, •

"The sixth day is nearly

past. The Sabbath is near. I live and wait for Him. Lo,

I am the watchman of the world."

— Gabriel Moulin Photograph. 266 Ihe EditorsTaqe

A TESTIMONY TO ALL THE CHURCH, PRESENTED FRIDAY MORNING APRIL 4, 1941, IN THE TABERNACLE.

is a source of great satisfaction to me to meet almost overwhelming to think of being in the same ITwith the Latter-day Saints in this Conference. class with them. I am grateful for the many blessings we enjoy "The last words uttered by President Joseph F. as a people. I know the Lord is mindful of us and Smith were to the effect, when— he shook hands will be to an even greater extent if we but serve Him. with me—he died that night 'The Lord bless you, have got a great It grieves me deeply that it is necessary for my boy, the Lord bless you; you this is the Lord's thousands of our boys to go into the army. I hope responsibility. Always remember and pray that they will go out with the missionary work and not man's. The Lord is greater than any spirit, maintain their ideals and come back to us as man. He knows whom He wants to lead His mistake. The Lord sweet and clean as when they went away. I trust Church, and never makes any that it will be possible to keep them out of this bless you.' terrible war. You parents and loved ones keep as "I have felt my own lack of ability. In fact when close to them as you possibly can. I was called as one of the Apostles I arose to my feet to say it was beyond anything I was worthy I have made this statement to the leadership of of, and as I was rising the thought came to me this Church at times previous, but I feel to repeat 'You know as you know that you live that John it again at this time: Taylor is a prophet of God, and to decline this "I ask every man and woman occupying a place office when he had received a revelation is equiva- of responsibility whose duty it is to teach the Gos- lent to repudiating the Prophet.' I said, 'I will pel of Jesus Christ to live it and keep the command- accept the office and do my best.' I remember that ments of God, so that their example will teach it was with difficulty that I took my seat without it; and if they cannot live it, we will go on loving fainting. them, we will go on putting our arms around them, "There are two spirits striving with us always, we will go on praying for them that they may be- one telling us to continue our labor for good, and come strong enough to live it. But unless they are one telling us that with the faults and failings of able to live it we ask them to please step aside so our nature we are unworthy. I can truthfully say that those who are living it can teach it. No man that from October, 1882, until February, 1883, that can teach the Gospel of Jesus Christ under the in- spirit followed me day and night telling me that spiration of the living God and with power from I was unworthy to be an Apostle of the Church, on high unless he is living it. He can go on as a and that I ought to resign. When I would testify member and we will pray for him, no matter how of my knowledge that Jesus is the Christ, the Son of many years it may require, and we will never put the Living God, the Redeemer of mankind, it seemed a block in his way, because the Gospel is one of as though a voice would say to me: 'You lie! You love and of forgiveness, but we want true men and lie! You have never seen Him.' women as our officers in the Priesthood and in the "While on the Navajo Indian reservation with Relief Society." Brigham Young, Jr., and a number of others, six And a man has no right to be a member of a or eight on horseback, and several others in 'white stake presidency, a member of a high council, a tops,'—riding along with Lot Smith at the rear of member of a bishopric, or of any general board, that procession, suddenly the road veered to the who cannot stand up and say that he knows the left almost straight, but there was a well-beaten is true is keeping Gospel and the commandments path leading ahead. I said: 'Stop, Lot, stop. of the Lord to His people. Where does this trail lead? There are plenty of foot marks and plenty of horses' hoof marks here.' this time I feel that I could nothing to At say you He said, 'It leads to an immense gulley just a short that would better portray my testimony and distance ahead, that it is impossible to cross with a my love of God than to give in substance what I wagon. We have made a regular "Muleshoe" of said to the English Saints nearly four years ago: miles here to get on the other side of the gulley.' "It has never ceased to be a wonder to me that I "I had visited the day before the spot where a do represent the Lord here upon the earth. My Navajo Indian had asked George A. Smith, Jr., to association from childhood with the remarkable and let him look at his pistol. George A. handed it to him, wonderful men that have preceded me has made it and the Navajo shot him. {Continued on page 315)

267 of the

Chuhck. afc. ^MiUu ChJu&L

&§. <&rfiGA-jday~ SainlA,

April, 1941

THE FIRST PRESIDENCY

J. REUBEN CLARK, JR. PRES. HEBER J. GRANT DAVID 0. McKAY THE COUNCIL OF THE TWELVE

RUDGER CLAWSON GEORGE ALBERT SMITH GEORGE F. RICHARDS JOSEPH F. SMITH STEPHEN L RICHARDS RICHARD R. LYMAN

JOHN A. WIDTSOE JOSEPH F. MERRILL CHARLES A. CALLIS A. E. BOWEN SYLVESTER Q. CANNON HAROLD B. LEE

THE FIRST COUNCIL OF THE SEVENTY

AULON S. WELLS LEVI EDGAR YOUNG ANTOINE R. IVINS SAMUEL 0. BENNION JOHN H. TAYLOR RUFUS K. HARDY RICHARD L. EVANS

THE PRESIDING BISHOPRIC

CENTER: LeGRAND RICHARDS LEFT: MARVIN 0. ASHTON RIGHT: JOSEPH L. WIRTHLIN : —

PRESIDENT GRANT ADDRESSING THE GENERAL PRIESTHOOD CONFERENCE, SATURDAY EVENING, APRIL 5, 1941, IN THE TABERNACLE The 111th annual Conference

r^ACH General Conference of the surprise to the Church, when, on Sun- There will be no fixed number of these L/ assistants. Their will increased Church is alike in many respects day morning, during the sustaining of number be or otherwise from time to time as the and different in some respects from all the general authorities and general of- necessity of carrying on the Lord's work others. Therefore, if we can point out ficers of the Church, President Clark seems to dictate to be wise. the differences shall largely have announced we It is proposed that we sustain as assist- described the characteristics of the ants to the Twelve, the following named In the past history of the Church, espe- whole for those members of the Church High Priests, who will labor under the cially in President Brigham Young's time, who are familiar with the general pro- supervision and direction of the First Presi- it was found necessary for the First Presi- ceedings. Some of the distinguishing dency and of the Twelve: dency or the Twelve, or both, to call Marion G. Romney, president of Bonne- features of the 111th Annual Confer- frequently designated brethren, as counse- ville Stake. ence, held in Salt Lake City, April 4, lors, help carry their to on assigned work Thomas E. McKay, former president of 5, and 6, 1941, stand out clearly to all in the Church. Ogden Stake and acting president of the who witnessed these impressive events. The rapid growth of the Church in recent European Mission. times, the constantly increasing First, the return of President Grant establish- Clifford E. Young, president of the Al- to active conference participation, with ment of new wards and stakes, the ever- pine Stake. widening geographical area covered by his unforgettable testimony at the Alma Sonne, president of Cache Stake. wards and stakes, the steadily pressing ne- opening session, gave the whole con- Nicholas G. Smith, president of North- cessity for increasing our missions in western States Mission. ference a deeply impressive character. numbers and efficiency that the Gospel may (See pages 267 and 288.) This was be brought to all men, the continual multi- Another feature of the conference followed by his vigorous declaration at plying of Church interests and activities was the attendance greatest of rec- calling for more rigid and frequent obser- — the General Priesthood meeting Satur- ord. Some sessions, including the Sat- vation, supervision, and direction, all have dap evening, April 5, in the Tabernacle, urday evening Priesthood meeting, built up an apostolic service of the greatest and his closing statement of equal vig- magnitude. overtaxed every available seating and or and conviction at the final session, The First Presidency and Twelve feel standing space in the Tabernacle April 6. Sunday afternoon, that to meet adequately their great respon- aisles, corridors, stairs, and doorways,, Another high point of interest at the sibilities and to carry on efficiently this with uncounted hundreds turned away. conference was the appointment of service for the Lord, they should have The usual Sunday morning broad- Elder Harold B. Lee, Managing Direc- some help. casts were presented, with the tradi- Accordingly it has been decided to ap- tor of the Church Welfare Plan, to fill tional performance of the Tabernacle point assistants to the Twelve, who shall the vacancy in the Quorum of the choir and organ being heard over be High Priests, who shall be set apart to KSL. Twelve Apostles caused by the death the act under the direction of the Twelve in the and nationwide Columbia network of Elder Reed Smoot. performance of such work as the First from 10:30 to 11:00 a.m. M.S.T., Five other appointments of newly- Presidency and the Twelve may place followed by the Columbia Church of created designation came wholly as a upon them. {Continued on page 316^

"ASSISTANTS TO THE TWELVE . . . TO ACT UNDER THE DIRECTION OF

THE TWELVE IN . . . SUCH WORK AS THE FIRST PRESIDENCY AND THE TWELVE MAY PLACE UPON THEM."

MARION G. ROMNEY THOMAS E. McKAY CLIFFORD E. YOUNG ALMA SONNE NICHOLAS G. SMITH 269 HAROLD B. LEE jo^ thsL QowudL a£. thsL JwsdvsL

By RICHARD L EVANS of the First Council of the Seventy

With the announcement Sun- day morning, April 6, that Harold Bingham Lee had been called to fill the existing vacancy in the Council of the Twelve Apostles, an audible wave of approval carried from the thousands who filled the Tabernacle and was joined in by the uncounted thousands to whom radio carried the message. Both members and non-members of the Church joined in the general satisfaction and well-wishing to this man, yet young, who had already proved his ability HAROLD BINGHAM and integrity in public affairs, in LEE, WHO WAS SUS- Church service—and in the conduct TAINED APRIL 6, 1941, AT THE GENERAL CON- of his own life. FERENCE OF THE closely and tirelessly identi- Most CHURCH, TO FILL A fied with the much-publicized Church VACANCY IN THE QUO- Welfare Program since its inception RUM OF THE TWELVE in 1936, Harold B. Lee, managing APOSTLES. director of the movement, even before then had won the right to recognition and trust. The mere citation of chronological facts does not begin to reveal the man behind these man's beginnings go back before his at the age of eighteen. A call to the facts, but here, briefly, is the record: birth, and Harold B. Lee was richly Western States Mission for which he endowed by heritage. Both his paternal departed in November, 1920, inter- Born March 28, 1899, at Clifton, and maternal ancestry go back to rupted this activity. Here he served, Idaho, a son of Samuel M. and Louisa the early years of the Church, and his latterly, as president of the Denver Bingham Lee, he was reared on the progenitors were identified with pio- District. family farm in Cache Valley. But a neering and colonizing and sacrifices A few months of readjustment fol- for the cause of truth from Scotland lowed his mission release in December A CHILDHOOD PICTURE OF HAROLD B. LEE and England, from Ohio and Indiana, 1922, after which, in the summer of (LEFT) AND HIS ELDEST BROTHER, S. PERRY LEE. across the plains, and down to Utah's 1923, he took up his residence in Salt Dixie, and on up to the hard-won lands Lake City, attending summer sessions at of Southern Idaho. On his paternal side the University of Utah when circum- his great-grandfather, Francis Lee, and stances permitted, completing the re- great-grandmother, Jane Vale Johnson, mainder of his university education by .oined the Church in Indiana in 1832, correspondence courses and extension and shared the tribulations of Liberty classes, and serving as principal of two and Far West under the "exterminat- schools in the Granite School District, ing order," and the Nauvoo evacuation, Salt Lake County, from 1923 to 1928. and first set foot in Salt Lake Valley in Meanwhile he pursued various other September, 1850. Besides the names of ventures as opportunity afforded, later to Bingham and Lee which he carries, in become first a salesman and then in- his veins flows the blood of other not- termountain manager for the Founda- able Church names from far back. tion Press, a library distributing or- Harold B. Lee, a member of a family ganization. of six children with hard-working par- This position he relinquished in 1932 ents and times not too easy, learned to to accept an appointment as Salt Lake work as a boy. District school at the City Commissioner, being responsible age of five; Oneida Stake Academy at for the department of streets and public thirteen; debating, basketball, and a properties. He resigned from the com- facility with the slide trombone are part missionership in December, 1936, to of the picture of those earlier years. devote his full time as managing di- The Albion State Normal School at rector of the Church Welfare Program, seventeen followed by a first teaching to which position he had been appointed job near Weston, Idaho, were steps some months previous. that led to an appointment as principal During his residence in Salt Lake of the district school at Oxford, Idaho, City he has served as Pioneer Stake 270 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Religion Class superintendent, Sunday School superintendent, counselor in the stake presidency, and, from 1930 to 1937, as stake president. With his counselors he had instituted, in 1932, a stake welfare program and established a warehouse for storing and distributing food and other commodities. Practices worked out in this and other stake welfare programs which had originated during the same period were embodied in the general Church Wel- fare Program. The seven years of his presidency in Pioneer Stake were marked with progress and the development of many activities other than the welfare program among the stake membership. There was inaugurated a stake wide budget system, culminating in a recreational program for the entire stake membership and in which all, regardless of their circumstances, could participate. This necessitated the building of a stake gymnasium in which stake recreational activities were centralized. As

stake president he launched the stake BROTHER AND SISTER HAROLD B. LEE AND show is the driving force and energy also upon a uniform and highly special- THEIR FAMILY AT HOME. and understanding he has given with- ized program of leadership development out hesitation to the personal prob- and teacher training. These activities for life, love of truth, and complete- continue today. ness of faith which are so much a lems of countless perplexed and dis- He was married November 14, 1923, part of him. couraged people, to the difficulties to Fern L. Tanner, daughter of Stewart Also, what the record does not of stakes and wards, to the Church- T. Tanner of Salt Lake and Janet Coats wide activities and endless details City. Brother and Sister Lee reside of organization and execution of the at 1208 South Eighth West Street with their two daughters, Maurine, 16, and Church Welfare Program. In all this Helen, 15. he has been driven by his conviction

That, in a few words, is the record. of the urgent necessity for the fuller But what this chronological citation operation of the Welfare Plan does not reveal is Harold B. Lee's against a day of eventualities—and lovable personality; nor does it show while he has driven hard, and trav- the convincing sincerity for which eled much, and prayed earnestly, men trust him; nor the example and and reproved and encouraged and teachings of his wise and stalwart loved and persuaded, he has always parents who gave him so much, and stood by his principles, whose gifts he so completely ac- and made knowledges; nor the loving devotion friends by doing it. of his able and modest wife and Though in early youth and man- their two girls whose worthiness and HAROLD B. LEE'S FIRST TEACHING JOB AT AGE hood Elder Lee trained for the field loyalty he gratefully speaks of; nor 17 (1916-17) WAS IN THIS SILVER STAR SCHOOL, ABOUT FIVE MILES SOUTH OF of education, his abilities as an ex- the struggles of his own early life WESTON, IDAHO. ITS ONE ROOM ACCOM- ecutive were soon to put this other against discouraging financial odds; MODATED ALL, FIRST TO EIGHTH GRADES. WITH TWENTY TO TWENTY-FIVE PUPILS AND in the background. As a thirty-one- nor the buoyancy of spirit, the zest TWENTY-EIGHT CLASSES A DAY. year-old stake president he launched himself upon a career of service which has emphasized this ability to be a leader. His leadership has been a strong force in whatever path it was directed, be it spiritual, temporal, or civil. This mantle of leadership has

LOUISA E M E L I N E fallen often upon his young, strong BINGHAM LEE AND shoulders and in no instance has it SAMUEL MARION LEE, MOTHER AND FATHER found him wanting in wisdom, ex- OF HAROLD B. LEE. ecutive ability, courage nor devotion to the highest of ideals.

All this, and much more, is Harold B. Lee, of worthy heritage, and much promise, whom the Church now so warmly welcomes as a member of the Council of the Twelve. 271 FROM OUT NEW ENGLAND

JJul ZlojmsL&i&ad. o^ cl (p/wphriL ml Bul dlilLbu #£ Cfaummt

that wintry December Senior, took his family for a short ONnight of 1805 when he was time at the beginning of the 1800's. born, there would have been The land they occupied at that time none so foolhardy as to predict the belonged to the Solomon Mack fam- career that lay in store for Joseph ily, the parents of Lucy Smith. We Smith. There would have been none are told that the Smiths were rent- willing to say that future years would ing a portion of the Mack property. see thousands on thousands wend- But it was hard grubbing an existing their way into those Vermont ence in those hills where, as some- hills, away from other attractions, one put it, "The land had to be just to visit his birthplace. And yet, farmed on all four sides to make a tt during this past summer, as for 1*lving. many summers before, the road lead- It was in this environment, in ing into those beautiful and pictur- house and surroundings typical of esque rolling hills was busy with the the period and locality, that Joseph cars of people making their way to spent the first months of his life. And that spot from where came this great then the family again moved. American prophet. After remaining empty for many granite shaft that seems to soar A years, the old homestead of the into the very blue of the heavens, Smiths was destroyed by the ele- and a modern and beautiful cottage ments. And, as is common through- that is made the more delightful be- out the state, many acres of the land cause of its setting, today mark the THE HEARTHSTONE IN THE JOSEPH SMITH HOME that was then cleared on the farm site the old homestead. From the of have now grown back into the heavy visitor's register which find in we growth of green trees and bushes for the small but most interesting Infor- By FRANK V. NELSON which Vermont is noted. Each year mation Bureau, read such re- we Formerly of the New England finds less land cleared than the year marks as these concerning visits Mission before, and with the frequent rains to the Joseph Smith Mem- made and beautiful summers the trees and orial: "A heaven in the hills." "Jos- underbrush spring up almost over- fascinating their cattle. And into the tops of eph Smith was a and night. dynamic shaper of history." "A these green hills, to what is now At the beginning of 1905, the one prophet who has least honor in his called Dairy Hill, Joseph Smith, hundredth year since the birth of native state." "A truly gorgeous the Prophet, there was little to mark spot that all should see." "A credit the site of this important chapter in to your Church." "An interest in our history. On a little knoll the the Mormon faith, its history and basement structure was still discern- activities, was today aroused by my ible among the grass and brush that visit to the monument." And all of had overgrown the stones. in these, with hundreds like them, were And one place written by people not members of the old hearthstone lay as it had little the Church. done when the lad must have played on it during long But before we become too in- those cold nights of the England volved in the present, let us go back New winters. into some of the most interesting his-

tory surrounding the birth of the In the early part of the year 1 905, Prophet. the Church purchased the Mack Sharon, in Windsor County, is farm, including that portion occu- one of many such villages in Ver- pied originally by the Smiths. The mont where a few hundred families late Junius F. Wells was influential live on in much the same manner as in bringing this about, both in sug- did their fathers and their fathers gesting the idea and carrying it to before them. The rocky and a conclusion. He further suggested densely foliaged hillsides have been that the Church erect a monument cleared enough to allow some grain and a memorial home on the site, EXTERIOR VIEW OF THE RECONSTRUCTED to be planted and pasture enough for JOSEPH SMITH HOME AND THE MONUMENT. (Concluded on page 314) 272 tear-dimmed eyes and said, "Thank God. He has sent you in answer to THOSE MOTHERS my prayers. Please administer to our baby." "Are you a Mormon?" Father asked. She stood up, threw her head back, and said, "When we came WE KNEW here two years ago and learned how the people living here hated the Mormons we decided not to let them know we were Latter-day Saints." A SHORT Her husband stood by her side as SHORT she continued. "Yes, we are Mor- STORY mons, and proud of it. Please administer to our child." There was no oil in the house so complete on the two men knelt down beside the We of bed. "Shall we go out?" Mrs. Harris EIVERYWHERE this page yesteryears are reminded that we asked. are living in a different world of af- "There is no need to," replied fairs. We are told things are not Father. as they were, "When You and I By P. The two men placed their hands Were Young, Maggie," so to speak. JAMES SHARP upon the child's head. It was so hot Those same young people try to it seemed to burn them. Then Fa- that everything is chang- convince us ther began, "By the authority of the ing. In part we admit as much, for City, started out for the sheep. They Holy Melchizedek Priesthood." when a person nowadays gets even passed a small house. A woman There was a terrible something that a toe ache he crawls into bed, gets standing on the porch waved at them. passed through that small body, a stack of magazines, and prepares They waved back and kept on. shaking it from head to foot. Then to take the rest cure, knowing full Shortly after, they heard someone it straightened out and went limp. well that some agency of the gov- calling, and looking back, saw her Father thought the child had passed ernment or state will look after his running up the road after them, call- away. Some power within him seem- needs. make it look more busi- To ing as she ran. They stopped. When ed to compel him to go on. He did, ness-like he calls in a doctor who, she caught up, she asked, all out of rebuking the disease, casting it to to show he is earning his wanting breath, "Are you Mormons?" Then, the four winds and blessing that fee, writes out a prescription. "There's a sick child in that house child with health and strength. He Now when we were your age if and her mother wants you." promised her she should live to be- we were sick, Grandma or Auntie They entered the house. A num- come a mother in Israel. would be called in to look the situ- ber of women were standing around When they arose Mrs. Harris ation over. Then came homemade a bed. A child about one year old asked, "Will she live?" medicine, made from native roots was in a convulsion. A woman was "She will live." He reached and herbs. It looked bad, tasted kneeling at the bed. A young man down, touched the head. It was worse. took it, for she stood We stood near by. The woman who had moist and cool. He took hold of the there to see we did, and usually fol- stopped the men ( let us call her Mrs. tiny hand. The child took a long lowed it with a couple of table- Harris ) , walked over to the young breath, heaved a sigh, opened her spoonfuls of castor oil. matter No kneeling mother and said, "The eyes, and smiled, after which she how rotten we felt the next morning Mormons are here," fell into a peaceful sleep. we insisted we were better—any- The mother looked up through thing rather than take more such News travels very rapidly in a medicine. small community. When the two men returned a few days later peo- Sometimes, however, were we ple along the road greeted them in really sick, and when we were, our a friendly manner. Men working in parents called in the Elders to ad- the fields waved at them. When they minister to us, and I dare say there stopped at the post office even the are few of us old timers who cannot postmaster spoke kindly to them. recall cases of healing under the Men came to the ranch under some hands of those holding the Priest- pretext or other, and, be it said to hood. the credit of most of them, they Many years ago we moved our shook hands and admitted they had sheep from Utah to Idaho. We received a wrong impression regard- purchased a large ranch, for head- ing the Mormon people. quarters, near a village in Bruneau We admit this is a changing Valley. people living there, The world, but the time may come when upon learning we were from Utah, some of you, of the younger genera- named ours "The Mormon Outfit." tion, might be brought down deep Actions spoke louder than words. in sorrow and you might then re- They would have absolutely nothing member the lessons your mother and to do with us. dad taught you regarding the power

: One morning Father and Charles :! :>\ of the Priesthood that is right here R. McBride, still living in Tooele in our midst. 273 — Texcotzingo anjcLH^ ClnauunL Ruma,

By DR. RALPH V. CHAMBERLIN visitor to Mexico is charmed THEat every turn by the pic- Professor of Zoology, University turesque and unusual in that of Utah beguiling land of sunny skies, ex- pansive landscapes, quaint villages, and amiable, friendly people. If at first impressed most by the amazing physical contrasts, one is next fasci- nated by the equally striking diver- sities in civilization and culture, a VIEW FROM HILL OF diversity probably unapproached in TEXCOTZINGO LOOK- any other nation. The extent of that ING NORTHWEST. NEAR MIDDLE OF PICTURE IS diversity may perhaps best be indi- SEEN THE CHURCH OF cated by the fact that it has been THE VILLAGE OF SAN necessary to group the numerous NICOLAS, IN THE BACK- GROUND THAT languages of the native tribes of the OF THE MOLINO DE FLORES. country into from thirteen to twenty- nine distinct linguistic stocks. The peoples speaking these different tongues at the same time exhibit cultures seemingly separated by centuries or even ages in level of development. These striking differences have ilization dwelt there in splendid number of pyramids, indicative in clearly not resulted from the mould- cities. many cases of formerly great cen- ing effect of the varied physical en- Excavations of some of these an- ters of population, of centuries vironments alone. They imply also cient sites have revealed palaces of intense religious activity and of the effects of many centuries of hu- and temples, or at least their great complicated ethnic and political man history. Mexico had been the pyramidal bases, that delight the changes, one should be cautious in- recipient of many waves of invaders traveler and fascinate and chal- deed in drawing hasty, broad, or final before the Spaniards arrived under lenge the serious student. What is conclusions. Important new Cortez. not commonly appreciated, however, discoveries are being made from time to time, and doubt will continue The Valley of Mexico itself in its is that relatively few of the known no important ancient ruins yields ample sites have been excavated or studied. for many years to come. signs of successive cultures, much How vast the field for work is will Among items of archeological sig- nificance the last like the historic sequence evidenced be sufficiently indicated by noting reported within few example, is the finding in the archeological remains of the that a recent estimate for Mexico months, for Euphrates Valley. Also over many alone places the number of pyra- among ruins in the state of Vera stone in other areas of Mexico as well, abun- mids—each of which at some time Cruz of an inscription on dant proofs are found that even at bore at its top a palace or temple Mayan graphs giving a date which correlates in our chronology with the the time of Christ and earlier, a at 1 50,000! year 291 B. the earliest object numerous people of enlightened civ- In consideration of this amazing C, bearing a contemporary date so far discovered in America. A second discovery was the finding in Colom- bia of a calendar stone and other objects held to evidence an enlightened civilization in that region probably antedating the Mayan, a find stimulating plans for further exploration and research in that region. Another SHRINE CUT IN THE discovery made known at the recent SOLID CLIFF AND FAC- ING THE WEST AS WAS meetings of the American Associa- FREQUENT. tion for the Advancement of Science pertained to the first unquestioned record of the use of the wheeled ve- hicle in ancient America. Among huge sculptured figures uncovered by an expedition of the National Geographic Society and estimated to be 1500 years old was found a toy THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Nezahualpilli. Nezahualcoyotl has been regarded by some as the greatest Indian monarch of whom we have record. In the peace and prosperity of his reign Texcoco developed greatly and became a city approach- A WELL-PRESERVED ing Tenochtitlan in its magnificence. BATH CARVED IN THE SOLID ROCK ON THE A great cultural renaissance took SOUTHEAST SIDE OF place, making of the city, as it were, TEXCOTZINGO. NOTE a new Tula, the great capital of the THE SEAT LEFT IN RE- LIEF ON THE FLOOR. vanished Toltecs.

he cultural life of Texcoco cen- T tered around a remarkable institution established by the monarch and comparable to a National Acad- emy of Music, Arts, and Sciences. All productions in astronomy, history, and art had to be approved by dog with wheels attached which Texcoco—in the valley, opposite this academy before they were per- scientists who studied this and asso- Mexico or Tenochtitlan after the mitted to be published. Certain days ciated relics hold indicated that man latter was founded. were designated on which poems and of that time and race had used larger The Texcocans long rivalled the historical essays were read before a vehicles of the same type. This Aztecs in power and always far sur- special board who passed judgment contradicts long-held opinion that passed them in intellectual culture upon them and awarded prizes for the Ancient Americans were all un- and artistic achievement. More than the best. The academy became a acquainted with the wheel. others they seemed to have been powerful influence in the cultural receptive to the more refined in- life, not only of Texcoco, but of a Tn seeking to unravel the compli- fluences and traditions emanating wide area beyond its borders. from the Toltecs. their cated tangle of aboriginal Amer- Whatever original tongue they came to speak Nezahualcoyotl himself was one ican history and civilizations, much Nahuatl, and their dialect was re- of the most illustrious of their bards help toward clarification may be had garded as the purest of all those of and composed poems and odes of by working backward from the re- that race. It was that used in re- which some have been preserved, cent and definitely historic. In this cording the finest native literary while other fragments and various way it is possible by accurately products until after the Conquest. aphorisms deriving from him seem to placing some of the ruins and cul- Hence, Texcoco the western have persisted by oral tradition to tures to simplify the enigma of the was Athens to which men of wealth and the present day. He was a constant more ancient. At the same time, this their to in student of astronomy and had his procedure provides information aid- rank sent sons be taught the philosophy, theology, history, own special observatory. Loved as ing materially in interpreting pre- astronomy, the art a wise and just ruler, he was in gen- historic ruins. and much-prized of poetry of their race and day. In eral enlightened beyond his times. For this approach to the study of this respect it contrasted strongly "The remembrance of the just," he the pre-Spanish civilizations of with the Aztec capital, Tenochtitlan, said, "shall not pass away from the America, the city of Mexico is an which was almost entirely military nations, and the good thou hast done ideal location. At the time of Cor- and commercial in character. shall ever be held in honor." In the tez that city, the ancient Tenoch- The golden age in the history of Texcoco field of religion, according to Ix- titlan, was the capital of the wealthy was undoubtedly the period of tlilxochitl, a Texcocan chronicler of and powerful Aztec civilization, the nearly the century of the Conquest, the barbaric splendor of which so a hundred years immediately preceding the arrival of Cortez monarch deplored the degrading amazed the conquerors. The his- and embraced in the reigns of its great superstitions and cruel practices of tory of the Aztecs is known in main (Continued on page 312) outline from the time that people en- ruler Nezahualcoyotl and his son tered "The Vale of Anahuac," and in 1325 founded the city that was to become the center of their great empire. Other city-kingdoms had previously been established by other tribes of the same great Nahua stock, and others, commonly referred to as Chi- A FLIGHT OF STEPS CUT chimecs, which were probably of the IN THE NATIVE ROCK Otomi stock. One of the greatest IN ANOTHER PART OF of these cities was Texcoco, estab- TEXCOTZINGO. lished by the Texcocans or Acol- huans toward the end of the twelfth century, many years before the Az- tecs entered the valley, and long un- rivalled by any other city. It was built on the eastern border of the principal lake—itself called lake JHsl ENRICHED By LEAH D. WIDTSOE

FLOUR PROGRAM depraved appetite, indigestion, constipation or diarrhoea, colitis, head- Concerning a recent development in the ache, anaemia, unhealthy skin, arth- milling process and the reasons and ritis, and heart trouble, and many of necessity therefor. the ills of modern life, are all evidences and typical of shortage, not necessarily absence, of the vitimin B Since time immemorial grain has complex.* A complete absence of formed the basis of man's food EDITOR'S NOTE these vitamins would soon cause death. A liberal use of these vita- —wheat and rye in Europe and National Research Council's The mins has been found a correction of rice in the Orient. Bread made from Committee on Food and Nutri- ground grain has been termed the tion, and the Millers' National Feder- these diseases and tendencies. "staff of life." In countries where ation, have agreed that the Amer- The factors of the vitamin B com- ican public shall be furnished, plex are called the whole grain is used, men have now vitamin B x or hereafter, an enriched wheat flour thiamin chloride; vitamin B , ribo- found it a reliable "staff." containing nutritive vitamins and 2 flavin; B the dermatitis factor; nico- The story is told that in England, minerals essential to the main- 6 of health tinic acid, the pellagra a few centuries ago, a great noble- tenance good which are preventive; removed under present milling prac- preparing and other factors which are being man was a feast for some tices. The Era gladly accedes to the studied and described. Vitamin E, aristocratic guests. He asked his request from these agencies to or tocopherol, is necessary for nor- miller if he couldn't devise something publish this important agreement for the benefit its mal lactation and reproduction. Its special for this great occasion; of readers; and, since grain products often form the bulk shortage in the diet may produce whereupon the miller decided to sift of man's food, has secured this article serious results. his flour and resift it until he pro- explaining the necessity for this ac- The germ of the wheat, always duced a pure white flour. The new tion by official nutrition and milling discarded in making white flour, is white-bread made a favorable im- agencies. Good physical health is an objective of the Church, which has among the richest natural sources of pression on the guests and thus for its guide the Word of Wisdom. the vitamins B and E. grew a demand for the white product among those wealthy enough to af- Minerals ford it. supplied by its food with all the Thus the use of white bread be- elements of which it is composed. ("^omplete bodily health cannot be came associated in people's minds Natural foods as grown by nature maintained without a full quota of with the aristocracy, for only they contain these essential elements; but the minerals of which the body is could afford to pay the greater cost. when refined by man for commercial composed. Hence the presence of In time the demand grew as more purposes or to satisfy a perverted or minerals in the food is quite as essen- people could afford it, and as the acquired taste, many of the essential tial as are the vitamins. Indeed, practice became general the price elements, those most needed by the some nutritionists claim that the chief was lowered. Gradually, mills were body, especially certain minerals and function of the vitamins is to act built to manufacture the refined vitamins, are often discarded in the as mineralizing agents. If that be product until today the refined is germ, bran, or outer coverings of true, when the food lacks its mineral cheaper than whole wheat flour. many grains, fruits, or vegetables. content the vitamins may not func- More and more, foods using refined Ill health and eventual disease are tion at all. Conversely, when cer- flour were prepared in homes and sure to follow such faulty nutrition. tain vitamins are absent, the minerals factories, until bread, rolls, biscuits, This is particularly true with regard may not be fully utilized. waffles, crackers of all kinds, white to the white bread, degerminated The minerals of the wheat grain cereal foods, macaroni, spaghetti, corn meal, and polished rice so are found largely in the outer layers. and all kinds of "paste-foods," cakes largely used by modern man. "The wheat kernel contains five and pastries in all their variety made times or more mineral substances from refined flour have become the Vitamins than does refined wheat flour. These bulk of modern man's diet. mineral substances are of utmost In the Orient a similar desire for HPhe vitamins found in whole wheat importance in maintaining a proper ""whiteness" caused their staple, rice, are chiefly the B complex and E.

composition of the blood. . . . There to be robbed of its bran and outer These are both essential for health. is in the wheat kernel ten times more coverings, and polished rice, so- Dr. R. H. A. Plimmer, Professor of potassium than in white flour; two called, took the place of the whole- Chemistry at London, University of and one-half times more calcium; some grain prepared by Mother Na- St. Thomas Hospital Medical eight times more magnesium; one ture. School, describes one of many ex- and one-third times more sulphur; During the last few decades great periments performed on pigeons and three times more phosphorus. The progress has been made in the study other laboratory animals in which relatively unimportant sodium and of food in relation to health. Many the diet was lacking in vitamin B. chlorine, because they are obtained active and symptomatic diseases and He states that post mortem examina- from common salt, either approach dreaded epidemics of the past and tion showed that the food was un- or exceed in white flour the per- present, such as scurvy, rickets, beri- digested with swollen appendices in- centage in the wheat kernel. All the beri, and pellagra, have been traced dicating constipation and appendi- (Concluded on page 293) to a deficient diet. For the body to citis; also enlarged hearts with *R. H. A. Plimmer, Longmans, Green, and Co., be kept in normal health, it must be flabby walls. Loss of appetite or Food, Health and Vitamins, p. 51. 276 ) LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE and. JPul SmolL dLomsL By GORDON S. BOWEN Landscape Architect

home of today is, as always, Thethe ultimate unit of society; but the last fifty years of social and industrial development have complicated American home life considerably in at least two ways: it has been crowded into a smaller and smaller space; and a desire for new interests and new activities has been aroused and awakened both within and without the home. People who spend five or more days a week in the intensely specialized routine which modern in- dustrialized civilization requires feel tremendously the need for enlarging their own personal horizons during the spare time that remains to them. This may be as true of the house- wife or the school child as it is of the business man. Reading, putter- ing, shopwork, gardening, enter- taining, visiting, pleasure-driving, picnicking, swimming, outdoor play are only a few of the many possible outlets, but there must be some outlets. Many of these activities must necessarily be confined to the home. This fact, plus present - day crowded conditions, plus the many new social and industrial innova- tions which progress has brought into the average home (automobile, telephone, radio, and modern methods of heating, food preparation, child care, and hygiene—to mention a few), requires that the modern IDEAL LOCATION AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN FOR A SMALL HOME, BY GORDON S. BOWEN. home be carefully organized from pression be one of unity, that there start to finish, inside and out. be a "oneness" presented which is It must be compact and efficient Three fundamental elements must apparent to the most casual ob- in certain respects to care for the inevitably be considered in deter- server. essentials of comfortable living and mining the outdoor development of The house, by reason of its sig- it must at the same time be suffi- the small home. They are: ( 1 ) the nificance and bulk is the dominant ciently elastic to provide for the host approach, ( 2 ) the service areas, ( 3 object in this picture. No conflict- of other activities which contribute the outdoor living space. ing or discordant features should to a broader and richer life. Many The Approach be permitted to dispute or deny this are familiar with the need for care- dominance. On the contrary, all ful organization within the house. By the approach is meant that part visible accessories—the trees, shrubs, It is the purpose of this article to of the house and grounds first seen lawn, walk, driveway and garage, indicate the form of organization by the passerby or visitor, what nor- should harmonize with and be sub- which normally must be achieved mally constitutes the front yard. ordinate to the house. How this may outside to approach the objectives This element is of great importance be accomplished varies with each in- set out above. Necessarily the two to the person who takes pride in his dividual home, but it is obvious that are interrelated and one cannot be home, for it is upon this area that the position of the house and the intelligently discussed without refer- the visitor's first impression is based. relation of other objects to it greatly ring at times to the other. It is important further that this im- (Continued on page 308) 277 DORTHEA*- BOUNTIFUL

life defined the borders of By RUTH HERunselfed sufficiency and spanned an era of the Middle VALLERY West. Wife, mother, pioneer im- migrant, she brought multiple gifts YOUNG to the valley of her adoption. The valley never really knew her, and At first she spun and wove as well has long since forgot; but for forty as cared for her family, garden, and years she loved and labored, and a valley homestead bloomed. poultry. But as each second year brought her yet another son her two For two decades the cradle hand- hands were to carved by Hans, her husband, and compass ever-expanding tasks. soon learned to let brought with them from the "Old She Hans bring from great Country," was seldom empty. Doro- home town bolts of dark-blue cotton cloth which thea bore six sons, and then two she fashioned into suits for him and daughters. The boys grew to be the boys dresses for herself. young giants, head and shoulders and There came laid above their father. The daughters, a day when she away the last few from her fair and slender, had lovely hands yards loom, soft, lovely folds of woolen, like Dorthea's but not quite so skill- against the time when she might ful. Hans was never known to praise her for her motherhood; but he present them to her future daughters-in-law. quick looked a proud man as he stood Her mind caught a hint, that with the passing of her among his children in the later days. generation, hand-weaving The sweep of rolling prairie be- would be a forgotten thing. Reluctantly she fore their home, broken only by scat- turned her nimble fingers to more tered cottonwoods along cut banks pressing work. bordering the river, was a symbol of loneliness to Dorthea. She craved the snugness of walls, trim buildings, Ihe end of the railroad and an orchard with neat, ordered was twenty miles away—a long two garden beds. The ceaseless wester- days with the slow farm team and lies, that swept the roadway clean loaded wagon. Hans seldom made and wailed about the corners of their the trip oftener than once in three little, first home, cried defiance to months. Dorthea and the children Dorthea's dreams of flowers, fruit, did well if they saw town twice a and vines. She knew the ways of year. In the autumn Hans marketed plenty, and the rebellious earth was corn and vegetables, sometimes a never idle within the radius of her couple of butchered hogs or a beef, hands and hoe. The deep, rich soil and brought home winter supplies. gave forth abundantly, but the ruth- THE CEASELESS WESTER- There were flour and sugar, cloth, lessness of early blizzards and the LIES CRIED DEFIANCE TO trinkets such as needles, thread, never-ending summer winds claimed DORTHEA'S DREAMS OF FLOWERS, FRUIT, AND yarn, shoe leather, and nails, with a cruel portion of VINES. her hard-won vege- new shoes for the older children and tables, and beat to ribbons her ten- sometimes a store coat for Hans. derly cherished flowers. Neverthe- In the spring she transplanted them Dorthea wore the same dark-red less, her passion for abundance was outside and watched them through shawl for many winters. Only when not easily stilled. Long before the their first summer with endless pa- the girls grew old enough to insist, winter snows could melt and set her tience. But the following winter did their mother become the owner garden free, Dorthea had made her played havoc with her crop of seed- of a bought coat and hat. lists and plans complete for another lings, and many bitter disappoint- One day Hans returned from an year. Hans seldom went to town ments forced her to be content with early fall visit to town and told without her careful instructions to the wild things of her valley. Fail- Dorthea of a grapevine, "full with buy seeds of this or that. When he ure taught her cunning. She learned purple bunches," growing behind the could satisfy her desires, they be- to transplant the hardy wild plum grocery-man's store. Dorthea's ques- came realities. Soon a smoke-house, and cherry into hedges to protect her tions were persistent, "Was it like root cellar, and summer kitchen flowers. She found that small willow in the Old Country? How tall? flanked their earth-banked house, shoots could be rooted and made a Were there any little ones at its feet? and about these Dorthea grouped quick and supple wind-break against Was the fruit as big as my thumb? her gardens. the west winds. She taught the Or bigger? Sweet or sour?" Once a plaintive letter to her sand cherry to grow in rows along Hans had not tasted and did not mother in the "Old Country" the garden paths and yield larger know. His lack of details tantalized brought her seeds of small fruits she fruit than ever before. These were Dorthea. For three days she brooded. had been unable to get in the new not her dream gardens, but they were Then she asked if they might make land. She planted them in the house a bright spot to birds and bees, and a trip to town again. She needed and cared for them as tenderly as many a happy hour was Dorthea's much more yarn for the children's she did for the baby. They grew. reward for her toil. {Concluded on page 308) 278 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Qivo&jnL JjcudtA. on. On- LOOKING BACK AT jcinruL (hnstiaawL (pswfifadu

By Charles E. Dibble By WILLIAM and DEWEY FARNSWORTH 7*\ modern approach to the question Publishers of "Buried Empires of South America," i—I of aboriginal origins and migra- and "Grandeurs of Ancient America." * * tions is found in the study of human blood groups. The testing of blood for transfusions shows that a person's blood may be typed in the four forms familiar to the public: O, A, B, and AB. The percentage of persons belonging to each blood group varies in different races—thus its importance to anthropology. Blood typing is not limited to the living. Dried tissue from human burials can be tested and typed. The tissue from mummies thousands of years old has been tested and identified as belonging to one of the four groups. The student of Aztec manuscripts can usually determine a writing to be pre-hispanic or post-hispanic. European art first influenced and altered the representation of trees, sun, moon, stars, and arrows. The appearance of these CABEZA DE SERPIENTE. CHICHEN-ITZA. altered elements definitely identifies YUCATAN and a Codex as post-Conquest. Serpent-head carvings upon ancient temples monuments are acknowledged as peculiar to the art of Mexico and all parts of Central America, and, no doubt, were designed to depict the form of religious worship practiced by these forgotten races. As a symbol of religion, the serpent is thought to have originated in the Hebrew conception of the reign of the Messiah as expressed by the image of a "flying" or "winged" serpent. The serpent among both the ancient Hebrews and the Egyptians symbolized wisdom and the healing art.

ESTELA "A" AT COPAN, HONDURAS At their zenith, the Mayas developed a hieroglyphic writing found today inscribed upon monuments and altars erected in the courts and plazas of their prin- found in the plaza + 5 6_ >*- cipal temples. This "Stela," of the temple at Copan in Honduras, is one of the FIGURES 1, 2, AND 3 ARE AZTEC REPRESEN- finest examples of the intricate stone carvings— done TATIONS OF SUN, MOON, AND STAR, RESPEC- without metal tools—of the ancients. TIVELY, BEFORE THE CONQUEST. FIGURES 4, 5, AND 6 SHOW EUROPEAN INFLUENCE. MONTE ALBAN, OAXACA The archaeological zone of Monte Alban in Oaxaca The pre-white-man Indians in what covers an area of about twenty-four square miles, the ruins extending along the mountain range which over- is now the State of Utah conversed with looks the valley of Oaxaca thirteen hundred feet below. varying degrees of ease. The Gosiute, The main plaza of Monte Alban is a rectangle 1,000 on the eastern fringe of the Great feet long by 650 feet wide, surrounded by platforms from which pyramids rise. The structure that incloses American Desert, and the Shoshone, the great plaza on the north side, which until 1931 of northern Utah and southern Idaho, was only a pile of formless ruins with grass and shrubs, is the superimposed work of three different periods. spoke a mutually intelligible language. Excavation revealed a grand stairway believed to be all American ruins. The Southern Paiute, of southern Utah, the widest stairway yet disclosed in and the Ute, of eastern Utah, also conversed with reasonable facility, the difference being that of dialect. How- ever, the Gosiute and Shoshone found it somewhat more difficult to talk with the Southern Paiute and the Ute. Al- though belonging to the same large linguistic group, there was considerable difference in the words and grammar.

Dr. Luis E. Valcarcel, director of the National Museum of Peru, describes the recent discovery of two ancient cities located some 12,000 feet in alti- tude in the Peruvian Andes. The discoveries confirm past investigations and increase our knowledge of the early Incas. The sites reveal an intricate road system used by messengers, war- riors, and merchants. Irrigation canals testify of irrigated farms capable of sup- porting a large population. LOOKING BACK SIXTY YEARS

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was not the South of today, nor By JAMES H. MOYLE ITyet was it the Old South to which I was sent, a boy of twenty, early In collaboration with in July, 1879, to labor in the South- Willard C. Burton ern States Mission. Thirteen years after the Civil War, it was a land so recently devastated that its people, two men, one very tall, the other very for the most part, were extremely JAMES H. MOYLE poor. short, approach his home, and that they brought to him the message of There had been missionaries in left to our own resources in a most the Gospel. Shortly thereafter, North Carolina irregularly from the unfriendly land, where bigotry and George Teasdale, later an Apostle, early days of the Church in Nauvoo, religious intolerance were so com- a very tall man, and John R. Winder, but never more than two at the same mon that the lives of the missionaries Jr., who was very short, made a trip time, and the work had been confined were never free from the danger of as missionaries from Tennessee mostly to three adjoining counties attack by frenzied mobs. Yet we through North Carolina to the Cen- in the northwestern part of the state, neither ever faltered or hestitated tennial Celebration in Philadelphia particularly Surrey and Stokes coun- nor failed to know what to do. in 1 876. Brother Lindsay saw these ties, where many had been baptized, Where in this age do you find like Elders walk up to his home, just as most of them by Henry G. Boyle of parallels in any other religion? he had seen them in his dream, and Payson, Utah, who had been on Our experience was not uncommon. while they remained in that locality several missions to North Carolina. We had no influential friends only a few days, he was converted So far as I then knew, we had no among the people. The Lord came and baptized. friends and no known members of very nearly being our only friend, a the Church outside of this immediate Nevertheless, I was deeply and fact which developed humility, cour- seriously impressed with the impor- locality. We later found Henry P. age, initiative, and leadership in all Lindsay in Burke County, about one tance of opening new fields of labor the missionaries as nothing else and giving the rest of the country could. I actually met only three real the opportunity to hear the Gospel. mobs face to face, and though each So strong was this impression that I occasion was dramatic, they were devoted the greater part of my concluded without injury or serious twenty-eight months' missionary trouble. labors to opening and developing new fields of missionary activity, par- Tpon two occasions during my ticularly to the southwest of Surrey missionary labors, my actions and Stokes counties, where I had the were directed by dreams. Nothing privilege of baptizing sixteen, includ- of the kind had ever occurred to me ing all the members of Henry P. before. I was not much of a dreamer. families, Lindsay's family, two other I was deeply impressed that we and the head of one other. The should get away from the little spot opening of these new fields resulted in which the work had been done in the sending of a larger number of ever since the early days when the Elders to work in the newly-devel- missionaries were sent from Nauvoo. sections, I left the oped and when I had a dream in which I saw the mission, there were thirteen Elders homes and tobacco barns of the peo- from Utah and Idaho laboring in the ple on the Tar River in the extreme district over which I had the priv- eastern part of North Carolina. ilege of presiding for more than two I knew nothing of the locality, but years. this dream was so vivid in its de- The missionaries laboring in the tails, and so impressive in its sug- conference, as it was then called, gestion, that when President Mor- JAMES H. MOYLE, SEATED RIGHT, AND TWO MISSIONARY COMPANIONS, NEWELL W. TAY- were left much alone. During my gan advised me they were sending LOR AND ALEXANDER SPENCE. FROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN IN MT. AIRY, NORTH twenty-eight months there, we were two additional missionaries, Elmer CAROLINA. visited but once by a mission officer, Johnson and J. S. Carpenter, the president, John Morgan. My ap- I asked that they be sent direct to hundred fifty miles to the southwest, pointment as president at just past the Tar River where, so far as I who had been baptized some years twenty and wholly inexperienced knew, no member of the Church had before. His conversion was remark- perhaps indicates the condition of ever been. The new missionaries able in that he dreamed that he saw the other missionaries; we were were down there six months or 280 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 longer before I saw them, during weather, which was common. which time they baptized several During my entire labors in North people, and when they came up for Carolina, I rode on a train only once conference, I described the resi- and rarely saw a bus or any other dences and tobacco barns on the Tar public conveyance. Although I was River of which I had dreamed, and traveling every day, I do not recall the missionaries said my description that I rode behind horses more than corresponded with the homesteads possibly a dozen times during the of the members baptized in the entire period. Oxen were frequently locality in which they had been used. There were few bridges laboring with such singular success. over the numerous rivers and small It was not then common for a mis- streams outside of the cities. I was sionary to baptize as many in two many times obliged to wade the years' labor as was done in this in- streams in all kinds of weather, and stance in about six months. occasionally, tying my pack upon We were constantly on the move my head, to ford and swim rivers. in our missionary labors. It was a We preached wherever we could rare occasion when we slept in the find a place to speak and a person same bed two successive nights. Oc- to listen. Frequently we held our casionally, perhaps, where we had meetings in schoolhouses in which members of the Church, we might there was nothing but a dirt floor. have an opportunity to stay two or Windows of glass were uncommon three days, to rest and write, but, in some sections, board shutters be- with rare exceptions, we moved on ing used instead to keep out the wind almost daily. and rain.

Men would work on farms the During the Great War, as As- year round for sixty dollars and their sistant Secretary of the Treasury, I board. The fare was simple. For visited the southern states from most of the year their diet, and ours, Washington, D. C, to Florida, in- consisted chiefly of beans, corn meal, cluding North Carolina, in the inter- sometimes a little sorghum, with, as est of selling United States War a rule, a little fat pork, and very little Savings Stamps and Liberty Bonds. butter. The corn bread was made The leading bankers and business three times a day. The meal was men of these states ABOVE, A RECENT PHOTOGRAPH OF W. were active in simply mixed with water and baked, C. BURTON, AND W. C. BURTON AS HE support of the Government in selling APPEARED IN 1SS2. and, while it was not unpalatable these bonds and war savings stamps. when it was hot, it hardened like a Although I visited Virginia, North brick when it was cold. Butter was in Utah but did not recognize the Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, very scarce on farms. We were on beam in their own eyes. Practically and Florida, holding but one meeting everybody, the eastern side of the Blue Ridge however, raised hogs. in each of the other states, in North the They would turn out their pigs in the Mountains, where land was poor Carolina I was induced to hold three, and lacking in lime. It produced but spring, to live on acorns, roots, grubs, one in Raleigh, Winston-Salem, and little grass for pasturage. the and a little vegetation, and in the fall On Asheville. It is singular that it was other side of the mountains was the they would fatten them with corn. in North Carolina that I had the This fat pork, often called abundance of Kentucky, where the "sow- greatest success of my entire tour in blue grass abounded. belly," was the chief meat of the behalf of the war stamps and bonds poor farmers. Nevertheless, even in The man who had a farm which —-here among the scenes of my ef- would support two horses was a their poverty, the people, including forts as a humble boy missionary, treated well-to-do farmer, but there were non-members, us hospitably, traveling without purse or scrip and comparatively few of these. A man in the main, though there were plenty living in the humblest possible way, of rebuffs, and severe ones, all of who had a "one-horse farm" was looked upon as little better than a which was expected. Still were making a living, and a man who we beggar or tramp, where I had walked hadn't a horse was simply dragging happy, and nothing seemed to daunt thousands of miles, sometimes as us. out an existence and surviving as Satan's threatening mobs much as thirty miles in one day, in his agents in locality, best he could. It was not uncommon — a we youths the blazing sun, footsore and blis- for a farmer to be without a horse. believed to be a sign that duty called tered with heat and perspiration, and The corn, cotton, and tobacco were us there, and we followed. The for entire days in the drenching rain often grown on such steep hillsides president of the mission, had he had from which no umbrella or raincoat the opportunity, that a horse had difficulty pulling a would probably could wholly protect us. It was in have advised against such danger. plow. I have often seen a horse and Asheville, located in the section of a cow harnessed together plowing Practically our only mode of the country familiar to me in memory with a crude sort of plow called a travel was on foot. I knew nearly as the scene of many of our hard- "spoon bill," not much larger than a every "hog trail," as they were fre- ships, and where most of my labors man's hand. I have seen a woman quently called in that section where were performed, that the bankers pulling a plow beside a cow, and I labored. Little work was done and leading business men of western women would wash all day for on the roads except to make them North Carolina gave an expensive twenty-five cents. The preachers barely passable. Travel was limited banquet and treated me almost as a and others there vividly depicted the and means of travel scarce. The royal guest. alleged serfdom of Mormon women roads were usually very bad in wet (Continued on page 310) 281 BRIGHAM YOUNG Basketball ON TITHING thing is required at the hands Oneof this people, to understand which there is no necessity for is 50 years old receiving a commandment every year, viz., to pay their tithing. I do not suppose for a moment that there is a per- By CONREY BRYSON son in this Church who is unacquainted with the duty of paying tithing; neither is it necessary to have a revelation every late November, 1939, headlines year upon the subject. There is the INwere screaming, "finnish ski law—pay one-tenth. TROOPS TURN BACK RUSSIANS! GER- I like the term because it is scriptural, ." MANY PREPARES SPRING OFFENSIVE 1 and I would rather use it than any oth- You would have to look far down er. The Lord instituted tithing; it was the bottom of the page to see the practised in the days of Abraham, and item: "Doctor James Naismith, age Enoch; and Adam and his children did 78, died last night at his home in Law- not forget their tithes and offerings. rence, Kansas." You can read for yourselves with re- There were few tributes at the time; gard to what the Lord requires. I want but a month later, some quarter-million to say this much to those who profess Americans in thousands of separate to be Latter-day Saints: If we neglect gymnasiums were giving Doctor Nai- our tithes and offerings we will receive smith the greatest tribute ever. Every the chastening hand of the Lord. We time the crowd roared as the ball again may just as well count on this first as rolled through the hoop, it was a new last. If we neglect to pay our tithes honor for James Naismith, for he was and offerings we will neglect other the founder of basketball, the game that things, and this will grow upon us until is played by twenty million people in the spirit of the Gospel is entirely gone seventy-five different countries—the from us, and we are in the dark, and game that had its rules translated into know not whither we are going. almost every known language—the The Saints abroad are required to game that celebrates its fiftieth birth- terested. To do that, we've got to have pay their tithing. day in 1941, and is growing bigger a good game to pep them up—some- If we live our religion we will be with every year. thing they can play indoors, something willing to pay tithing. James Naismith was born in the that's clean and fast and doesn't re- Here is a character, a man, that God timber country of Canada, born to a life quire too much equipment. Jim, I want has created, organized, fashioned and of vigor and robust health. To attend you to invent that game." made—every part and particle of my his first school, he walked three miles Two weeks later, Doctor Naismith system from the top of my head to the through heavy snowdrifts. He learned cut the bottoms out of two peach-bas- soles of my feet has been produced by early that good exercise means sound kets and nailed them on opposite walls my Father in heaven; and He requires bodies, healthy nerves, and alert minds. of the gymnasium. He chose nine one-tenth of my brain, heart, nerve, Before he was eight years old, both his players for each side, gave them a set muscle, sinew, flesh, bone, and of my to stay parents died, but he managed of thirteen rules, handed them a soccer whole system. . . . in school, finish high school and get ball, and the first basketball game was He has said: My son, devote one- into McGill University, where he be- under way! tenth of yourself to the good and gan to study for the ministry. Within a week everyone at Spring- wholesome work of taking care of your But Jim Naismith played football field knew that Doctor Naismith had in- fellow-beings, preaching the Gospel, too, and one day in practice he collided vented a great game. The teams were bringing people into the kingdom; lay with a big lineman. The lineman cut later cut from nine to five players, but your plans to take care of those who loose with a string of profanity that aside from that, the 'fundamentals of cannot take care of themselves; direct made Jim sit up and listen; but he didn't this great game have remained the same the labors of those who are able to say a word—-he just looked. In that for half a century. labor; and one-tenth part is all-suffi- look, there wasn't a suggestion of re- In 1936, hundreds of colleges added cient, if it is devoted properly, care- buke, just the unspoken words, "I wish one penny to the price of their basket- fully, and judiciously, for the advance- I could help you!" ball admission tickets. With these pen- ment of my kingdom on the earth. The big fellow looked too, and finally nies, they sent Doctor James Naismith It is not for me to rise up and say he said, "I'm sorry, Jim. I hadn't ought to the Olympic Games at Berlin, to see that I can give to the Lord, for in re- to talk like that—nobody had." the first Olympic basketball tourna- ality I have nothing to give. I seem to Then and there, Jim Naismith ment. The seventy-five year old man have something. Why? Because the changed his mind about his life's work. had seen his game spread to all the Lord has seen fit to bring me forth, Instead of preaching from the pulpit, world. Seven hundred American col- and has blessed my efforts in gathering he determined to spend his life preach- leges have adopted it as a part of their things which are desirable, and which ing a gospel of clean living through sports calendar. Ninety million paid are termed property. clean sportsmanship. He soon enrolled admissions have been recorded in the The people are not compelled to pay in the Springfield YMCA College in United States in one season! their tithing; they do as they please Massachusetts and prepared for his To Latter-day Saints, whose M Men about it; it is urged upon them only new career. form what is probably the largest bas- as a matter of duty between them and Fifty years ago, Naismith had be- ketball league in the world, Doctor their God. come a teacher at Springfield College, Naismith's career should be inspiring, We do not ask anybody to pay tith- and his superintendent called him into for many thousands of our young men ing unless they are disposed to do so; the office. "Jim," he said, "we've got have found in the game the same ideals but if you pretend to pay tithing, pay eighteen boys here who'll make good of clean living and good sportsmanship it like honest men.—Extracts from Dis- in this work if we can keep them in- that guided his life. courses of Brigham Young. 282 —

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There was also a close friendship By between Porter Rockwell and Brig- ham Young which continued for NICHOLAS VAN ALFEN many years, although it has been said that there was an estrangement Ogden Seminary between President Young and Por- ter in later life, an estrangement the citizens of Fillmore. The pur- which continued until death. Wheth- pose of the gathering was to consider er this is true or not is difficult to the propriety of establishing a daily determine. But such an alienation express line of stages from the Mis- is not improbable, extent for the of souri River to California, via Salt drinking its Porter's in later life and Lake City. Governor Brigham accompanying effect on Porter's con- Young presided. The Honorable duct undoubtedly grossly ob- was Secretary A. W. Babbitt made the jectionable to Church leaders. Un- opening speech and was followed by der such circumstances a close con- Judge Stiles and O. P. Rockwell. tact could scarcely have been alive The talks were reported by Wilford between Porter and Brigham Young. Woodruff. In the Deseret News And this estrangement, which one two succeeding meetings are on rec- book on not fail to Mormonism does ord in which Porter Rockwell par- emphasize, makes it very improbable ticipated in the speaking on the same that the Church leaders had any subject along with notables such as secrets they were afraid Porter might Jedediah M. Grant and Chief Justice reveal. If Porter had been an official Kinney.2 Church "executioner," such an es- ORRIN PORTER ROCKWELL trangement would never have been Dorter was married three times permitted. and The Mormon people everywhere became the father of fifteen Chapter VIII children. His first wife Conclusion are tolerant of Porter's weaknesses was Olive Beebe, to whom three daughters and because his other virtues and his is not easy to make final evalua- one son were born. His second service to the Prophet Joseph as well tions of human nature. declare wife was Mary Neff; her It To as to the Church as a whole were so Ann to judgment on Porter Rockwell seven children born; unselfish. were and last, is especially difficult, for he was an he was married to Christina He was not a sullen introvert as Olsen, exceedingly unusual character. His who became the mother of four chil- has been thought by a few. All evi- 3 life is like a brooch from which a dren. dence points to the contrary. An few of the smaller diamonds have Porter Rockwell died 1 article appeared in the Deseret News June 9, 878, fallen, but in which the larger ones at the age of sixty-five, in Salt of September 15, 1868, announcing Lake that remain are far too beautiful and City. the play Pizarro, The account re- valuable to permit too great a This de- ferred to the time the play was pre- man was the embodiment of valuation. one of the greatest of all sented in Nauvoo and stated that noble principles unselfish Porter Rockwell's life and char- Porter had taken the part of Davilla. — service to his fel- acter epitomized in letter lowmen. are aptly a It has also been stated, even by his to the Prophet Joseph Smith written own family, that Porter had never -Journal History of the Church, op. cit., Ian. 12, by S. Armstrong from Philadelphia. 1856; Jan. 26. 1856; Feb. 2, 1856. given a public speech. This is a "Deseret News August 31, 1935; Church Section, It at the time Rockwell then p. 7. was — mistake. On January 9, 1856, the only twenty-nine—was in hiding as legislative assembly convened with The End a result of the Boggs affair. ^Millennial Star, Vol. 20, p. 215. an early salt lake scene

Dear Brother Joseph Smith,—I am requested by our friend Orrin Porter Rock- well to drop a few lines informing you that he is in this place. His health is good, but his spirits are depressed, caused by his being unable to find employment of any kind. He has applied in different parts of the city and country, but all without success, as farmers can get persons to work from sunrise till dark merely for what they eat. He is most anxious to hear from you, and wishes you to see his mother and children and write all particulars, how matters and things are, and what the prospects are. I pity him from the bottom of my heart. His lot in life seems marked with sorrow, bitter- ness, and care. He is a noble and generous friend. But you know his worth; any com- ments from me would be superfluous. He will wait in this place until he hears from you. Please write immediately, as it will be a source of comfort to him.1 283 — — —- —

SPRING IN MY GARDEN TO MOTHER ODE TO FAITH By Blanche Kendall McKey By 2,oan Eddavene Houtz Beane By Hovtense Spencer Andecsen Faith, whose form no mortal man has first my eyes shall glimpse that AM not afraid WHEN O seen, dim-lined shore, I Oh, Mother dear And only by your consequences show Made earthlike by warm blood that seeps Since you are there— That you are real, Into the tissue even of a dream, To close my eyes From where come your warmth and light the waves gleam azure as they roll, Upon this world so fair, O may which intervene And sparkle, as with April rays; But looking forward In humble, shadowed lives, and set aglow And may the sky be cloudless, blue To coming home to you, A high ideal Blue sinking into deeper blue, until Just as it was Like molten gold. The siren loveliness shall hold my eyes In those loved days we knew; And grip my pulse and bate my breath and To lay my head Unseen, you whisper, sometimes not in vain, still Upon your breast again Encouraging men to cease their bitter mock- The tears that surely cannot die, but only And know the lessons o'er ing, sleep Through experience and pain. And test your might. Beneath the gentle hush of altered life. Courageously you wend your way again O may the air be softer than this breeze, Oh, may I live To hearts long shut to your eternal knock- Perfumed with lilac and incense from my Worthily enough ing. deep narcissus bowl, While I am here And wait forthright Alive with waxen bloom; may it stir the To enter through the threshold To enter in. very roots of feeling, Without fear Lest my heart should break with all that it Of past mistakes or sin In sight of all Israel, Joshua called must leave behind- Mortality seems heir to, Through you: the sun stood still, the moon Still willowed lakes, cool shaded lanes, pink- Or of meeting obeyed. budded trees, Those I have known, Your strength he proved. And meadow larks that call and call and That I have been unfair to. For Daniel the lions' mouths you closed. call, To know that I Appalled, Nor seem to know that every song must Was faithful to the end, Strong armies lost their power, became end! May it be said of me, afraid. "There was a friend." Great mountains removed, That life's brief span And prisons fell. TREE IN SPRING Has found me in deed fair, My faith in God renewed, By Christie Lund Coles Through you the human heart can lose its By each experience there. That each sorrow, hate, tree that was so gnarled and black Man's broken limbs and fevered brain be OLD Every joy and pain So brief a time ago, healed, Prepared my soul For you the spring-time has come back His passion stilled. To meet with yours again, With leafage—-lovelier than snow! Your God-given torch can illuminate And even though my heart Benighted souls who need your mighty By lessons has been torn, How proud you stand now, clothed in lace, shield I give thanks to God and you, Each knotted bough concealed; To fight and build That I have been born. A buoyant thing of pride and grace, In a pagan world. Only your loveliness revealed. O Faith sublime, cease not to strive with Old tree, how many storms have spent UNFORGETTABLE men Their passion to destroy your art? By Moiselle Renstrom Whose souls are blind, but lift them to the How many spring-times have been sent light To bolster up your heart? AN hour of enchanting loveliness was On earth unfurled. mine. Teach them to know within their hearts I hope some day its sweetness to resume. again, GRANDMOTHER If that should never be, I've still the memory, Whatever is begotten of God, its might Intoxicating as a rare perfume. Overcomes the world. By Estelle Webb Thomas A PLAGIARIST She couldn't make a poem, so she moved EXPERIENCE like one, instead, By Alton Clegg (To an Adolescent) rippling music in the simplest And there was SAT beneath a willow tree thing she said; Pauline Soroka Chadwell By I At the edge of a wooded lane, She couldn't paint a picture, but a picture And fashioned a lovely song one day she could be reached for stars HE When the world was fresh with rain. By means of soap and water and some They seemed so near; heart was young home-made finery. His I sang of all the things you love: She never earned a penny, but the ones she And knew no fear. A tiny boat at sea, tried to save A thin moon in a summer sky, Would have paved a shining highway from But stars have points Your own catalpa tree. cut burn her cradle to her grave; That and I sang to you of a wispy cloud, Yes, tried to save but couldn't, since to her The eager hands Of a thousand night-time calls, open door That strive to learn. Of musty, mouldy buildings Came those whose need was greater far With ivy on the walls. scar than all her tiny store. Yet, with each I hoped that you would hear my song The boundaries of her narrow sphere were Ambition grew, Of the sun-dial on the hill, clearly marked by duty, And flaming dreams The grassy slope, the quiet stream, But life's highways, far and wide, went Were born anew. on But, no, you never will . . . those she'd touched with beauty; And how surprised she'd be to know—-dis- And soaring high, For while I sang of wind and rain, pensing heavenly cheer He left the sod And a road that curves and dips, How many tapers that she lit burn to her Of earthly things A bird flew out of the wooded lane memory here! To talk with God! And stole the song from my lips. 284 — . — —

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THE MATERIAL BASIS OF even though it be read and digested. How- Where once the savage lurked in force, EVOLUTION ever, it is very well written in simple lan- The settler sleeps in his calm abode, (Richard Goldschmidt, Yale guage so that it may be understood and And only the ghost of the rider and horse University Press, 1940. $5.00.) enjoyed by all. Leah D. Widtsoe. Streaks down the path over which he rode-"

doctrine of organic evolution per- DIETETICS SIMPLIFIED Aside from its literary content, this book, THE physically, is one of the most attractive we meates modern thinking thoroughly; ( By Bogart and Porter. 725 pages. have seen among current publications. therefore, a volume such as this, using with The Macmillan Company, New York, Paper, format, color, and make-up, with intelligent courage a mass of new but 1940. $3.00.) twenty-three notably fine pen and ink illus- sound observations will receive the plaudits book is written by two well-known trations by Harris Weberg, make Charles of the public. Dr. Goldschmidt, scientist This Bogert, R. Mabey 's Pony Express a work to be of unquestioned standing, takes issue with nutrition experts: L. Jean Ph.D, Instructor in Experimental Medicine cherished by any collector and to be enjoyed many theorists in the domain of evolution. at University Professor of Food by any reader. R. L. E. He declares frankly that in evolution as in Yale and every other branch of science, theories or Economics and Nutrition at Kansas State Agricultural College; and T. Porter, THE GOOD SHEPHERD inferences change as new knowledge is Mame Nutritionist, State (Gunnar Gunnarsson. Bobbs-MerrilL accumulated. He goes so far as to say, M. A., Department So- cial It at- Indianapolis, 1941. 84 pages. $1.50.} "I think that all theories of evolution tend Welfare, Albany, New York. tempts to answer two important questions: to reflect the scientific trends of their time." The charm in this book lies in its under- ( ) What shall one eat to keep well? and With other students he comes to the con- 1 statement of difficulty, of death, and (2) What shall one eat who is ill that clusion that many of the older, supposed of life itself. Heroically, the story of will help one to get well? Everyone should factors of evolution, such as natural selec- Benedikt unfolds as he begins to make his know today that the wrong diet will cause tion, from the days of Darwin to the pres- twenty-seventh journey into the mountains much ill health while the right foods, well- ent, must be laid aside for others based of Iceland to seek the sheep that had been prepared, will not only keep one well but upon newer or more accurate knowledge. missed in the autumn gathering. Although also may definitely assist the body in its The essence of the argument is "that rather the friends and neighbors felt somewhat un- battle against disease. simple principles govern the most compli- easy concerning the weather, they would While the book is a simply written yet cated phenomena of matter"—that is, of joke about it rather than let their anxiety thoroughly scientific text on dietetics for life. This may astonish the average man, cloud Benedikt's departure. students in home economics courses, it but Dr. Goldschmidt makes out a good A pleasant interlude, this little book, full will be found useful for intelligent house- case for his view. Perhaps the eminent of homely courage and simple virtues. The wives who may need this special knowledge author is but pointing the direction of hero in his work remembers that service is for the feeding problems of their families. future scientific development—when the all that counts in this world. M. C. ]. simplicity in nature will replace the man- It will be found to be a very useful book made multiplicity which has long confused for reference and will enable one to choose MOUNTAIN MEADOW his food more wisely, whether sick or well. the human mind.—/. A. W. (John Buchan. Houghton Mifflirn —Leah D. Widtsoe. Company, Boston, 1941. 277 pages.. VITAMINS THE PONY EXPRESS $2.50.) Vitamins: What They Are and How ( (Charles R. Mabey. Illustrated by John Buchan, more familiarly known to They Can Benefit You. By Henry Harris Weberg. Beverly Craftsmen, The most Americans as Lord Tweedsmuir, has Borsook. 193 pages. The Viking 1940. 205 pages. $2.50.) left his imprint on the world of letters as Press, New York. $2.00.) well as the world of affairs which the in- '"Phis limited edition of vigorous and mov- troduction to this, Buchan's last, book wilJ Intelligent people are becoming more * ing verse was written and published prove. The introduction is a bird's eye and more vitamin conscious. So much by the Honorable Charles R. Mabey, former view of the works that have made John is spoken and written about the subject that Governor of the State of Utah, a with man Buchan a man of great stature in the literary unless one has received recent training in a colorful career whose achievements in- field. human nutrition or, though trained at an clude citation for gallantry in action in the The story revolves around Sir Edward earlier date, is zealous in keeping up-to- Philippines during the Spanish-American Leithen, given a year to live, who accepts date on the subject, one is apt to be some- War and the living spirit of action with — a difficult assignment which carries him what confused by all the vitamin publicity the Old West as a background has been from his native England across the sea to in the press and on the radio. Since eating preserved in these writings, produced over New York and then to Canada. The story correctly is so intimately connected with a period of some four decades. "The Pony has an element of mystery, dealing with the health and well-being, every one should be Express' from which the takes its book disappearance of a financially successful; familiar with this newer knowledge of name, is only one of several of verse works happily married man, Francis Galliard, from; nutrition for the sake of one's own welfare. within these covers. The sweep of its style his New York business office and home. Especially should mothers and future moth- may best be described by reproducing a But to tell more of the story would rob ers understand how to provide the most sample of it: the reader of the especial pleasure that healthful food for their dear ones and to comes from the gradual unfolding of a plot spend the family dollar to purchase health "The riders are dead, their ponies are dust, that includes the grandeur and the breath- instead of disease. The years have buried the trails they made, taking quality of Canadian scenery. Dr. Borsook, who is Professor of The mouldering posts are strewn with rust —M. C. Biochemistry at California Institute of From stockless gun and harmless blade; J;,. Technology, has written a book that will be THIS WAY, PLEASE a guide to all who desire knowledge on this (Eleanor Boykin. Illustrated. subject. The book not only gives one a Macmillan Company, New York., fair and complete knowledge of the subject 1940. 263 pages. $1.75.) but also shows "How, without making any important changes in your diet you can HPhis clever book of manners for young get all the vitamins you need." He makes * folk from the ages of ten to fourteen clear that "the prevention of disease is only will answer many puzzling questions for the second best use of vitamins; their best the young sophisticates who do not want to use is to promote the highest state of be told much but who want to be in the health." This knowledge should be pos- know. The information is reinforced by sessed by everyone, but especially should the illustrations, consisting of line draw- "a good working knowledge of vitamins be ings which are inviting. a part of the education of every girl." The book is easily read and will answer This book has only one drawback: there the long-felt need of parents for a book; is no index, a fact which always makes a dealing with etiquette for young persons. book less valuable as a reference book — M. C. J. 285 ^m Wffii urcmnoves however, will continue at the same time, John H. Taylor Heads from 9:15 to 9:45p.m. Both programs Temple Square Mission For the annual Church report and financial statement originate with Station KSL in Salt Lake H. Taylor, member of the First City. John and for the proceedings of the Council of the Seventy, has been ap- April general conference (in- American Falls Ward pointed president of the Temple cluding appointments and sig- Hears Aged Indian Square Mission, which directs the af- nificant announcements) see fairs of the Bureau of Information and /""•rouse Creek Jack, silver-haired pages 267, 269, 270, 288. annually receives more than 500,000 ^^ member of the Shoshone Indian visitors to the historic grounds. Pres- tribe who, according to the official ident Taylor succeeds Joseph Can- records of the American Falls Ward, J. Grants Pass, Oregon, non, former British Mission president is 108 years old, remembers vividly the and one-time editor of the Deseret Branch Steps Up coming of Brigham Young and Pioneers News, who has led the Temple Square 'T'ypical of missionary activity to the Salt Lake Valley. At a recent Mission since 1937. Elder Cannon A throughout the far-flung missions meeting in the American Falls Ward, will continue to serve as first assistant Idaho, the aged Indian recounted inci- of the Church is the accomplishment in the general superintendency of the of Elders Dilworth C. Brinton and dents from his long life at the invitation Y. M. M. I. A. Lester U. Barton laboring in Grants of Bishop Vard W. Meadows, who A former president of the missionary Pass, Oregon, where they have secured during the winter found Grouse Creek with things to keep him com- home in Salt Lake City, Elder Taylor new meeting quarters for the branch Jack few fortable in his log cabin on the Bannock has been a member of the First Council in a pleasing "before-and-after" change. filled Indian Reservation, and has since since 1933. He has missions to Writes Elder Brinton in describing the who kept still clear-headed survivor of Great Britain and Holland, and at one accompanying pictures: the time was head of the Northern States many summer suns and winter snows Mission. "Before" is a dance hall up a steep flight supplied with food and clothing. of stairs—poor acoustics, hard to heat, and "When first see white man," said usually had a "hangover" from Saturday Missionary Dies While Grouse Creek Jack, "me pretty much night's dance. "After" is a large former Serving in Field coward. Hide in brush; maybe so after funeral home. . . . The owner is a fine while white man leave. Pretty soon, man and has treated us very well. He and p\EATH from effects of influenza, com- me no 'fraid white man. . . . Book of *-^ his wife attended Church Sunday and plicated by rheumatism and heart Mormon fixed up everything good. seemed very pleased with our services. . . disease, came in March to Elder Gor- We had seventy-one out to Sunday School Brigham Young bring me to Salt Lake. don Whitney Mitchell, missionary serv- (average has been twenty-five) and sixty- Put up Logan Temple. Carry mud ing Atchison, Kansas, in the Cen- two to sacrament meeting, the first that has in (mortar) on shoulder. . . . Today In- tral States Mission. He was the son been held here in the evening for quite a dian God's children, read God's books." number of years. About twenty-five of our of Brother and Sister W. Scott Mitch- Indian Jack was baptized in the Logan investigators attended the evening meeting, ell of Parowan, Utah, Temple and later married there. Of his so we reached well over one hundred dif- funeral services conducted March At ferent people during the day. five children, two sons, Wilson Jack 20, in the Parowan East Ward, Elder and Jim Jack, are still living. John H. Taylor of the First Council of Charles H. Nash is president of the Seventy represented the First Presi- branch at Grants Pass. Lost River, San Francisco Stakes dency at the services and expressed Get New Presidencies their sympathy and blessings. ,117'ith the death of President Walter Elder Rollins, mission- Howard M. ** A. Jensen of the Lost River Stake, of Elder Mitchell, ary companion second counselor Victor D. Nelson was brought the body home. Elder appointed president, with Ira Wayne Mitchell, born in Parowan July 8, 1919, Boyer, Sr., as first and Doyle Jensen attended the Branch Agricultural J. had as second counselor. First counselor College in Cedar City for one year be- Royal Waddoups was released. fore leaving on his mission in Novem- A recent change in the San Fran- 1940. ber, cisco Stake presidency saw President Stephen H. Winter succeeded by Elder Tabernacle Ceiling Cleaning Howard McDonald, first counselor in Proves Major Undertaking the old presidency. New counselors A crew of fourteen workers equipped are Ray T. Lindsay, formerly second ^^ with hundreds of feet of rope and counselor, and Claude B. Peterson. pulleys, and a plat- strong cable, huge Emeline Young Wells, form, two hundred gallons of paint, Pioneer Curator, Dies and six cases of cleaner were hoisted and shifted about under the great dome ]\fliss Emeline Young Wells, 83, of the Salt Lake Tabernacle for three life-long resident of Salt Lake and weeks to complete cleaning and paint- "BEFORE" AND "AFTER" prominent in Church and civic work, Quarters of the Grants Pass Branch, Oregon ing the ceiling in time for the April died March 1 7 at her home. A daughter of Daniel H. Wells, she was a sister General Conference. From steel cables Church Radio Hours lowered through holes in the ceiling, of Utah's former governor, the late wisely placed by builders of the his- "Deginning April 27, with the observ- Heber M. Wells, and of Elder Rulon toric structure, the painters' platform ance of daylight-saving time in the S. Wells of the First Council of Sev- was suspended and moved about. east, the weekly broadcast of the Tab- enty. For eighteen years Miss Wells Next step in the program of interior ernacle Choir will be heard each Sun- had been clerk and curator of the a. of Utah Pioneers' Museum renovation will be the applying of many day from 9:30 to 10:00 m. ( M. S. T. Daughters gallons of varnish to the original instead of from 10:30 to 11:00. in the state capitol. She was one of wooden benches in the building. The Church Sunday evening hour, the first kindergarten teachers in the 286 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

state. She served for many years in the Eleventh Ward Sunday School and M. I. A. and was a member of the Salt Lake Stake Primary Board.

Encyclopedia of Church History Soon Ready

/Comprising 2,300 separate articles, ^ alphabetically arranged, the En- cyclopedic History of the Church, life- time achievement of Andrew Jenson, assistant historian, is sched- Church MISSIONARIES LEAVING FOR THE FIELD FROM THE SALT LAKE MISSIONARY HOME uled to appear early in May. Type ARRIVED MARCH 24, 1941—DEPARTED APRIL 2, 1941 has been set for the thousand-page book First row, left to right: Willis M. McKay, James R. Hawkes, President Don B. Colton, Catherine Graham, Betty Florence, Luella Petersen, Arden Bunderson, Allen T. Billeter, Clarence Larsen. and is now on the press. Second row: Kenneth C. Rasmussen, Virginia Petersen, Leona Wardrop, Ruth Dyer, LaVaun S. Meeks, Emelia Olsen, Marjorie Lunt, Max Seyer. Third row: Grant E. Blake, LaVon G. Hansen, James Z. Knight, Effie Johnson, Areola Larsen, Helen Barton, Chapels Dedicated Leo Ford, Faunt Montgomery, Francis Anderson. Fourth row: Sterling Snow, Clive F. Pulham, George W. Brady, Ray L. Cheney, Loran W. Sorenson, Leo L. Stewart, Warren D. Fewkes, Claude C. Dean. chapels recently dedicated in- "\\7ard Fifth row: Dee J. Geary, Sam J. Bringhurst, Arthur Men-ell, Wallace Adams, Men/in W. Jones, Newell C. * * elude the Stratford Ward, High- Layton, Glen H. Larsen, Leland L. Baker, Gordon G. Campbell. Sixth row: Wayne Fisher, Ralph Carter, Daniel C. Ballstaedt, Mark Mortensen, Kent S. Frost, Charles land Stake, on March 16, with Presi- Max Read, Calvin C. Smith, Joseph F. Gundersen. dent David O. McKay offering the dedi- Seventh row: Ramon d H. Owen, John E. Keller, Loran Budd Low, Ferron T. Crook, Allen B. Taylor, Vearl Rich, Ruport B. Willis, James N. Cox, R. Eugene Elwood. catory prayer, and the Mt. Olympus Ward, Cottonwood Stake, on March in the Church are listed below for con- Manti 23, when Elder George Albert Smith venient reference: Closed April 2, 3, 4, and 5. of the Council of the Twelve offered Closed May 30. the dedicatory prayer. Alberta Closed July 4. Closes for summer on July 31. Closed July 24. Elders From South Africa Re-opens September 9. Closes for summer, August 2. Closed Thanksgiving Day. Aboard the "President Polk" Re-opens September 1. Closed November 11. Closed October 1, 2, 3, and 4. Closes for year, December 18. Closed November 27. HPhe accompanying photograph re- Re-opens January 6, 1942. Closes for year—evening of December 23. •* ceived from Elder Francis G. Tate, Arizona Re-opens January 2, 1942. now laboring in North Vancouver, Closed May 30. Canada, pictures thirty-one of the St. George Closes for summer on June 28. Closed 4. thirty-two missionaries who were with- July Re-opens September 16. Closed July 24. drawn from South Africa in Novem- Closed November 20. Closes for summer, August 2. ber, 1940. They left Capetown on No- Closes for year, December 20. Re-opens September 16. vember 9 aboard the President Polk, Re-opens January 6, 1942. Closed November 27. came by way of Port of Spain, Trin- Hawaiian Closes December 23. idad, and arrived in New York on Closes for summer during September. Re-opens December 30. December 1, 1940, where twelve of Closes for year, December 21. Salt Lake the thirty-two were released and the Re-opens January 2, 1942. Closed February 22. others transferred to missions in Can- Logan Closed for Conference, April 4 and 5. ada and the States. Closed for April and October Confer- Closed May 30. ences. Closed for summer on July 2. Re-opens August 4. Opening, Closing Dates Closed May 30. Closed September 1. Of Temples Announced Closed July 4. Closed July 24. Closed for Conference, October 3 and 4. Closed 11. Closes for summer, August 4. November HPo avoid embarrassment and unneces- Re-opens September 8. Closed November 27. sary travel on the part of temple- Closes for year, December 21. Closes for year, December 20. Re-opens 1942. goers, seasonal and particular opening Re-opens January 5, 1942. January 5, and closing dates of the seven temples Closed November 27. New Bishops Assume Duties

^Tames of bishops recently appointed ^ and not previously mentioned in MISSIONARIES RETURNING Era columns appear below: FROM SOUTH AFRICA Mendon Ward, Hyrum Stake, Edgar First row, left to right: Carlyle B. Hancock, succeeds Henry C. Sorenson. Eyre, Gail C. Meier, King S. Udall, L. Wayne Redd, Francis G. Tate. Chesterfield Ward, Idaho Stake, A. Paul Second row: Walter M. Lewis, Richard Hatch succeeds J. Ansel Hatch. William A. Seare, Jay S. Broadbent, Gilbert Ward, Maricopa W. Heal, Robert Q. Shupe, Quinten Stake, Arthur E. Crockett. Third row: Newell S F. Haymore succeeds Alfred H. Nichols. Black, Phil C. Dana, J. Keith Hansen Flowell Ward, Millard Stake, Joseph C. Norman S. Howells, Jay L. Chatterley Christensen succeeds Samuel Utley. Leslie W. J. Beer. Fourth row 0. Ned Kirkham, Grant B Shaw, Rich Payson Third Ward, Nebo Stake, Byron ard F. Thorley, Sidney V. Badger Mendenhall succeeds Golden Taylor. Robert B. Douglass, Scott M. Whit aker, H. Max Bergeson. Fifth row McGill Ward, Nevada Stake, Eugene T. Max W. Simkins, Harold S. Barnes Lewis succeeds Heber A. Behrman. Jr., John N. Eldredge, Terrell R Dimond Ward, Oakland Stake, A. Marchant Lund Woodmansee, Preston T. Johnson Richard G. Sharp, John G. Knudsen succeeds Rufus O. Phelps. Elder Donald B. Garrick is not pic Martinez Ward, Oakland Stake, Willard lured. B. Knowles succeeds John T. Abbott. Richmond Ward, Oakland Stake, F. Leon Edlefsen succeeds Arthur L. Hopkins. (Concluded on page 307) 287 — —

fcdit&iiaL

PAnAicdmt $AcmtL IfluMjcu^L to approval when Elder Lee was called to fill the existing vacancy in the Quorum of Twelve Apostles. He is full of faith in the Lord; abundant in his love of his fellow men; loyal to Church and State; self- Dresident heber j. grant opened and closed the forgetful in his devotion to the Gospel; endowed late General Conference. His simple but im- with intelligence, energy, and initiative; and gifted with eloquent will of pressive addresses, humbly borne, will be an author- power to teach the word and God. The Lord to whom he goes for help will itative guide to the Church. All should read them. make him a mighty instrument in carrying forward Fourfold was his message: the eternal plan of human salvation. The Saints The growing Church requires and has the right welcome Elder Lee among the leadership of the Church. will be given strength beyond any to claim a leadership that complies in spirit and He yet known to him, as the prayers of the people as- deed with all the requirements of the Gospel. Only cend to the Lord in his behalf. May his ministry live they who the Gospel and keep their covenants be full of service to the Church and rich in joy to

) should be called to serve or remain as officers in the him and his loved ones! ( See page 270 ], A. W. Church. Humility and obedience are prime requis- // ites for leadership in Gospel matters. This most "CtML&ianiSu Jb JtPuL JwsdvsL important ruling, also previously announced, recog- nizes that as with the leadership so with the fol- HPhe organization of the Church provides against emergency. lowers; that only the spiritually fit can be used by every the Lord in His work. As the Church increases in membership, additional wards, stakes, and quorums of the Priesthood The people need not worry about the future are formed. As these units increase, it becomes leadership of the Church. great Latter-day The more and more important that each ward, stake, cause is the Lord's work; He knows whom He de- and quorum accept with eager desire and earnest sires to lead the Church. He will lead His people labor its responsibilities and follow with scrup- to victory. In the end His Kingdom will be secure- ulous care the directions of the General Authorities of the Church. When these units function alike ly established on earth. Comfort, courage, and under competent, faithful ward, stake, and quorum strength come from such knowledge. leadership, the restored Church of Christ may Doubt may be cast out of the hearts of all Latter- spread over the earth with no fear of the repetition day Saints. An absolute knowledge of the truth of the apostacy of the primitive Church. of the restored Gospel of the Lord Christ Jesus The general supervision of the Church as a may be won by every person who seeks it humbly, whole—stakes, wards, and Priesthood quorums in prayer and obedience. President Grant's per- is delegated by divine revelation to the First Presi- sonal testimony, clear and convincing, came as an dency, the Council of the Twelve, the First Council eternal promise to all. of the Seventy, and the Presiding Bishopric. They Love must be in our hearts for all men. We must form the General Authorities of the Church. These be tolerant with the failings of others. We may quorums may call freely to their aid, as need arises, hate sin, but must seek to save the sinner with love. men and women from the membership of the The spirit of blessing must flow out of Zion. Church. This has already been done for many years as in the General Auxiliary Boards. It was an experience never to be forgotten. The living prophet, ripened in years and wisdom, rich The expanding Church has made it difficult, if in spiritual association, filled with grateful humility, not impossible, for the Council of the Twelve to radiated a holy influence. His words and thoughts perform, to their full satisfaction, the many duties dispelled darkness, removed fear, and brought placed upon them. Therefore, at the late General gladness. The abundant presence of the spirit Conference five men, High Priests, were called to of the Lord warmed every heart. Thousands wept act as assistants to the Twelve. This action shows for joy. The occasion will echo down the coming the adaptability of the Church to changing, increas- years. We are grateful for our leader. May the ing conditions, without violating in the least the Lord continue to bless him, and the great people divinely established order and organization of the over which he presides by divine appointment. Church. /. A. — W. Five stalwart men, faithful and true, devoted and dependable, rich in experience, were called at the HwwLdL (B. 3buL late Conference to serve as Assistants to the Twelve, to help "bring forth and establish the cause A surpassing vitality characterizes the Church of of Zion." To these chosen men the Church will Christ. Thousands of qualified men and wom- give its confidence and goodwill. en stand ready to serve in the Kingdom of God. These laborers in the vineyard will find joy in Of this army of faithful, devoted, capable Latter- their assignments and will have occasion to rejoice day Saints, Elder Harold B. Lee is a splendid rep- in the new, great opportunities to serve in the cause resentative. The vast congregation assembled at the of the Lord. May the Lord grant them power in late General Conference gave spontaneous, hearty their ministry! (See page 269) —/. A. W.

288 disease, population, the mind and man, are but Evidences and heirs of earlier, mistaken inferences. The history of theories forms one of the most engaging chapters of human progress. No fault is found with those reconciliations who propose theories, provided they base their theories on existing facts, and treat them as theories and not as facts. xxxoii. Qan. Jjcriih, £sl SjajUL ml. The history of the theory of evolution is an excellent answer to the question at the head of this writing. The theory of evolution, a storm center of thought for many years, has been modified until it is vastly different from its original form. Leav- 'T'he answer, of course, is No! ing aside the doctrine that all life has a common The danger of confusing facts and theories beginning (see Improvement Era, Vol. 42, p. 136, has already been mentioned in this series. Let it March, 1939, and Vol. 42, p. 417, July, 1939) the not be held, however, that theories are in themselves basic idea in Darwinism was that the many life objectionable. They play an important part in forms on earth could be traced back to "natural human progress. They are man's best inferential selection," the "survival of the fittest" in the struggle explanations of existing facts. The history of for existence. Students of life in every department theories is largely the history of the world of seized avidly upon this explanation of conditions thought. They have been stepping stones to the among men and lower animals. Thousands of discovery of truth. Only when theories have been books and pamphlets in the fields of natural, eco- held aloft as unchanging facts or guides to life, nomic, and social sciences have been based on the have they become dangerous in the search for truth. theory of natural selection. New facts of observation as discovered either During the last generation, however, facts have confirm or disprove a theory. When increasing appeared to cast serious doubt upon the validity knowledge confirms a theory, the theory approaches of the doctrine of natural selection. Within the last the status of an unchanging fact of nature; if such year, two books, almost epoch-making, written by knowledge weakens the theory, the inference must men of the highest scientific standing, declare be modified or abandoned. Most theories are for- natural selection to be insufficient to explain the ever changing as new truth appears. That is the variety in nature.* Moreover, these two notable main reason why one cannot build firmly and finally investigators have proposed new explanations, in- on a theory, and feel assured that he is on the safe road to truth. ferences from their own work and that of others, to replace the doctrine of natural selection. Claudius Ptolemy, an Egyptian astronomer, living about one hundred fifty years after Christ, Dr. Goldschmidt, American scientist, declares, inferred from the daily movement of the sun from among other things, that "species and the higher east to west, that the earth was the center of the categories," originate in single steps, independent solar system. This theory ruled for many centuries of natural selection as "completely new genetic until an accumulation of observations threw doubt systems." That is, they appear by sudden varia- on the correctness of Ptolemy's views. At last, tion, which is mutation. He adds that he believes Copernicus, born 1473 A. D., concluded that day such independent appearances to be the result of and night result from the earth's rotation upon its processes which are very simple. "If life phenom- axis. The theory of Ptolemy fell with a crash. ena were not based on very simple principles, no The telescope was invented; more observations organism could exist." Such views would have were recorded. All heavenly bodies were found to been heretical two generations ago. be in motion and rotation. Mighty men appeared: Dr. Willis, European scientist, frankly entitles Bruno, Galileo, Kepler, and many others. Our new his book The Course of Evolution, "by differen- theories of the solar system are supported by all tiation or divergent mutation rather than by selec- available knowledge. Yet we are ready to change tion." He concludes that "The process of evolu- or modify them as new knowledge appears. tion appears not to be a matter of natural selection The best thinkers among the Greeks believed of chance variations of adaptational value. Rather, that fire was an element, the ultimate principle of it is working upon some definite law that we do the universe. In the seventeenth century after Christ not yet comprehend. The law probably began its a careful investigator, Stahl, set up the theory that operations with the commencement of life, and it an inflammable principle, largely immaterial, devoid is carrying this on according to some definite plan. of weight, escapes from a burning substance. This . . . Evolution is no longer a matter of chance, but he called phlogiston. Every combustible body con- of law. It has no need of any support from natural tains, therefore, more less or phlogiston. This selection. . . . The theory of natural selection is theory was accepted by the scientific world only to no longer getting us anywhere, except in politics be overthrown within a hundred years. Lavoisier, (the dead hand)." He goes on to argue for the called the father of chemistry, showed by a simple explanation of "the increasing divergencies of char- experiment that fire is but the energy released where acters as one goes up the scale from species to combustible substances combine with the element family," by mutation, a law in opposition to natural oxygen. selection. {Concluded on page 309) Modern theories of the structure and origin of "The Material Basis of Evolution, Goldschmidt, Yale University Press, the earth, of the structure of matter, of heat, light, 1940. The Coarse of Evolution, Willis, Macmillan Company, 1940.

289 —

CONDUCTED BY MARBA C. JOSEPHSON

FAMILY RELATIONS IN THE BIBLE By Calvin T. Ryan axtit rTT HREE of the most beautiful stories of "* children recorded in the Bible center around happy homes with God- Borden's and I — loving fathers and mothers: first, we Moses; then, of John the Bap- we take it serio think of tist; and above all, of Mary and her I hate germs—so child, Jesus. does any cow Not much is said of children in the for it was not yet the "age of producing milk Bible, the child." We know very little about for Borden's. the childhood of either John or Jesus. For my life is one We know that John's parents were used long sanitary spree! strict religionists, and that they no wine or strong drink. Of Jesus we And the milk I give is are told that He "grew and waxed right up to Borden's strong in spirit, filled with wisdom." high standards. As the years passed, Jesus "increased in wisdom and stature, and in favor with Smooth—rich in flavor! God and man." Every canful of Borden's St. For such development to take place, Charles proves again we must conclude that home surroundings were congenial. Family relations A must have been no problem to Joseph Utah or to Zacharias and Eliza- ip it's 73

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Homing

they are not condemned so fully as they should be. Findings of the experts are valuable. Studies made by these specialists should be utilized in our further understanding of the happy family, and in our promotion of happy parent- Afraid to child relations. But we should be on our guard against explaining away sin in terms of gland secretions, and using bleach linens? faulty home conditions as excuse for violations of God's laws. If the family is a divine institution, then we need divine guidance in making it a success. Among the findings of these experts, we discover that parents have more influence in shaping the character of children than any other single factor. That must have been true with the parents of John and Jesus. We do not find children becoming religious through the study of books as such, or through command. We find them be- Purex makes bleaching as easy on linens as ordinary washing coming religious through example. Here the parents play the dominant In fact, this new-type Controlled- rubbing needed to get them white role. Parents are more effective in their Action bleach, used with reason- teaching than professional teachers. the ordinary way. Your linens can No one can replace the parents in able care, is actually less hard on be white and lovely — and last giving character and moral and reli- cottons and linens than the if gious attitudes to children. extra longer than no bleach were used. Next to parents in influence come the child's associates. It does matter with whom my child and yours plays, for his playmates will do much toward How Controiled-Action Purex takes the Danger out of Bleaching shaping his attitudes and responses. Home environment—size and con- venience of the house—what is in it all these play their part, but not such a strong one as the parents' attitudes. When parents are entrusted with children, they owe those children a Inferior bleaches often vary greatly in chance to develop strength, mentally, strength from bottle to bottle. One bot- Thus, with Purex, when you follow the tle is strong. simple physically, and spiritually, with well- weak, the next one You directions, your bleaching solu- never know how much to use. tion is never too weak, never too strong. rounded personalities. Worried par- This action is due to the exclusive ents make worried children. Nagging Alkalimetric-Controlled Intrafil Process parents interfere with the personality by which Purex is made. development of their children. Can you visualize Joseph nagging Mary? All cottons and linens, including the finest satin damasks, the most delicate Or Zacharias nagging Elizabeth? It Venise, may be whitened safely with is unthinkable. Bleach damage caused by these infe- Purex, and will last as long as if no rior products occurs as a thinning and bleach were used, or slightly longer. weakening of fabric fibres, followed by the familiar fraying along folds and in spots previously stained. TTere are two ways I discovered for using Purex always has the same strength. discarded felt hats; from men's and Bottles taken at random from store boys' hats, I cut inner soles for worn house shelves show an average loss in active slippers and shoes. From women's and ingredient (sodium hypochlorite) of Why not have fresh, snowy-white only one-half per cent five months after linens always, Purex its children's hats I cut circles about the size when with manufacture. Furthermore, Purex al- Cant railed- Action makes this so easy of a dollar and others the size of a nickel, ways does its work at the same speed. and so safe? At grocers' everywhere. cut a small round hole in the center of each, pin on a heavy plush coat square, alternating the colors and sizes, fasten on with vari- egated wool yarn using the buttonhole stitch.

It makes beautiful cushions or pillows, flowers, stems, and baskets, also tieback for curtains.—Mrs. H. W., Righy, Idaho. PUREX Do you like the last drop of lemon juice? Then warm the lemons before squeezing. THE 2*W BLEACH You get more juice.—Mrs. G. M. H., Cedar City, Utah. FOR THE WOMAN WHO VALUES HER LINENS 291 ( Continued on page 292 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Homing 0001] EGGS make a recipe taste {Continued from page 291)

better. Buy the best . . ask for KstiULiu d{f)W—

Springtime—time to work in the garden and enjoy the renewal of nature—but there's always the family's perfectly huge appetite to consider, and one does hate to neglect it! What better than to learn how to make icebox desserts that can be whip- ped together in a jiffy, placed in the refrigerator—ice or electric—and jaunt out to meet Lady Spring? Would you like to learn how to cook with crackers? Write to The Improvement Era, 50 North Main, sending your name and address, and asking for the booklet COOK- ING WITH CRACKERS—and soon it will be in the mail, to help make you and yours happier and freer this spring and summer.

A Utah Product with a National Reputation for Quality r UTAH POULTRY PRODUCERS' CO-OP ASSN. jtoohs Corner "Milk White" Eggs are used in all M. I. A. Cooking Schools

By Barbara Badger Burnett

Tuna Salad Pies 2 cans tuna 3 hard-cooked eggs chopped Youll enjoy the \ /2x cups macaroni shells (cooked) ^4 cup salted almonds chopped ]/2 cup chopped sweet pickles grand new flavor of 1 tablespoon grated onion 3 tablespoons lemon juice salt % cup mayonnaise 8 baked tart shells

Combine all ingredients except mayonnaise. Chill thoroughly. When ready to serve, combine with the mayonnaise and "Cream -ful" Milk fill tart shells. Place each tart in a lettuce cup and garnish with tomato slices.

It tastes richer because all the bottle as at the top. More Minced Clams and Peas in Patty Shells cream is evenly distributed readily digestible, too, due to Boil in % cup salted water, 2 cups fresh through every drop. It's always complete emulsification of the peas. Do not drain. Melt in a saucepan as rich at the bottom of the cream. Try this improved milk. 2 tablespoons butter, blend in 2 tablespoons flour, y2 cup evaporated milk. Combine with peas. Add 1 small onion chopped fine and 1 can minced clams. Serve in patty shells.

Graham Cracker Ice Box Pudding

Home Of Fine Dairy Products 2 cups graham cracker crumbs 1 package vanilla pudding 2 cups milk 1 cup peanut brittle GIRLS 1 cup whipping cream WITH 34 cup sugar AMBITION I J4 teaspoon almond flavoring M U S C 1 cup grated cocoanut Please Note: We specialize in music for churches and schools. Large stocks for vocal instrumental solos, Add the milk to the vanilla pudding, and If you are interested in writ- and choirs, bands and orchestras. Headquarters stir until the pudding ing your own success story in _ reaches the boiling for music for L. D. S. organizations. Mail orders a well-paid profession — we point. Cool and add the peanut brittle advocate Beauty Culture. filled promptly or write for catalogues and spe- which has been put through the food Opportunities are greater cial lists. chop- than ever, especially if you per. Whip the cream and add the sugar, have a certificate from Quish—Utah's DAYNES MUSIC CO. flavoring, and cocoanut. Put a layer of oldest and largest Beauty School. We solicit your patronage crumbs in the bottom of a to enroll mold which has Plan today. 47 So. Main St. Salt Lake City been lined with waxpaper. Cover with a layer of pudding; add a layer of crumbs QUISH and a layer of cocoanut cream. Repeat, School of Beauty Culture THE ending with a layer of crumbs. Chill 12: "The Best in the West SEND ERA hours, unmold, and slice. 338 So. Main, Phone 4-0313 Salt Lake City, Utah to your friends and loved ones Spicy Cup Cakes Fill in coupon for new at ^ .**' away and keep them close to illustrated catalog, A* — y^ Y2 cup butter home. 1 cup sugar 292 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 THE ENRICHED FLOUR PROGRAM

(Concluded from page 276) The milling industry has cooperated with Morgan of the University of Cali- Dr. Wilder and his associate nutritionists fornia, Science, March 14. Her ex- evidence points to whole wheat foods in the development of the program and is periments led her to believe that as the more completely nourishing preparing to continue the cooperation in the production, promotion, and marketing of "Health may become worse instead food for man." ( The Word of Wis- the new flour. In addition, the millers have dom, by A. and Leah D. Widt- of better if the balance of the B John been working closely with the baking in- vitamins in the diet is upset by add- soe, pp. 190, 191.) dustry through the officers and members of ing extra amounts of two of them." These important facts are be- the American Bakers Association, and these (Science News Letter, March 22, coming better understood. Under two great basic food industries are preparing themselves as rapidly as possible to pro- 1941.) Her experiments were per- the general demand for white bread, duce flour and bread enriched with vitamins formed on dogs with the result that attempt is being made by Public an and minerals. . . . she warns against an imbalance of Health authorities to replace by arti- In view of the urgent desire of nutrition- the B vitamins for humans. Those ficial means some of the minerals and ists and public health authorities generally in charge of the flour fortification vitamins which have been discarded to have this product made available at the earliest possible date, the Millers' National program will undoubtedly be on by modern milling practices. Such Federation, in cooperation with the Food guard to prove its efficacy. flour is to be called "enriched flour." and Drug Administration, has developed a The following quotation from the procedure under which the industry may Conclusion milling industry is pertinent to this proceed as soon as possible to the production of the new flour in advance of the promul- question: gation of an official standard. Instructions TPhe "enriched flour" process seems as to how the new flour may be produced, wheat flour milling industry of the to be a step in the right direction. The labeled, and marketed, in accordance with United States, through the Millers' Na- It is certainly wiser to have flour with the provisions of the Food and Drug Act, tional Federation, today pledged its have been prepared by the Federation and some of its required nutrients sup- wholehearted support of the program an- these instructions are being sent out to mil- plied artificially rather than not to nounced by Dr. Russell M. Wilder, chair- lers today. get them at all. man, Committee on Food and Nutrition of However, the think- Required Ingredients: The first step in the National Research Council, for the pro- ing man, and especially if a member the program is to determine what the duction of enriched wheat flour containing of this Church, will ask: have formula for the new product will be. At Why nutritive vitamins and minerals essential the standards hearing in Washington the flour enriched by chemical or arti- to the maintenance of good health. nutritionists were unanimous in their recom- ficial means when the Maker of the mendations as to the nutritive ingredients Universe has said "Wheat for man" of the new flour and their recommendations and provided so lavishly in the wheat were accepted by the industry, The weight Homing of evidence will determine what the standard kernel for bodily requirements? The will provide and there can be no doubt business man will answer that the 2 eggs whatever that the official standard will whole wheat flour will not "keep" state that the new flour shall contain thiamin 2 cups sifted cake flour while the devitalized white flour 3 teaspoons baking powder (Vitamin Bi), nicotinic acid, or nicotinic keeps indefinitely. Certainly. Wee- 34 teaspoon salt acid amide and iron as required ingredients vils 1 teaspoon cinnamon and that it may also contain riboflavin, and worms thrive in the whole 1 teaspoon nutmeg Vitamin D, phosphorus and calcium as wheat products but they would optional ingredients. Therefore, J4 teaspoon ground cloves as a mini- starve to death in the degerminated 1 teaspoon vanilla mum, millers should add thiamin, nicotinic and bleached white flour, so they Y^ cup milk acid and iron, and they may also, at their own option, add the other optional ingre- let it alone. Would it not be wiser Sift the flour once and measure. Add the dients. ("Enriched Flour," National Re- to devise different methods of mar- salt, baking powder, and spices. Cream search Council Bulletin.) the butter, add sugar gradually, and cream keting so that man's body may be until light and fluffy. Add the beaten egg more completely nourished? Similar precautions have been yolks. Add the flour alternately with the Another factor to be considered milk. Fold in the egg whites beaten stiff. taken in England ever since the war is the great increase of minerals in Add the vanilla and bake in cup-cake pans began, for it is well understood that at 375 degrees. the whole wheat product. As stated only people in good health may suc- above the mineral content is quite as ceed in any life endeavor. Peanut Butter Frosting essential as the vitamin content, and iron phosphorus 1 cups sugar The need for early action in production even though and 3^3 cup cream of "enriched flour" and "enriched bread" and other minerals be added arti- cup milk \/$ is emphasized by the defense emergency. ficially, would it not be far wiser to 6 tablespoons peanut butter There is ample reason to believe that use the flour as grown by the best 1 teaspoon vanilla any population receiving a diet fully known chemist, Mother Nature? Cook together the sugar, cream, and milk adequate in vitamins, minerals, and other nutritive essentials is Still another factor is that con- until it reaches the soft ball stage when better able to withstand tried in cold water. Pour out and cool. the stresses and strains of war or threats cerning "bulk." Digestion cannot Beat until creamy. Add the peanut butter of war. Unquestionably millions of Amer- be normal without a certain amount icans are not eating diets adequate in all and vanilla. Thin with cream to a spreading of roughage or bulk in the food. consistency. essentials. The general use of "enriched flour" and "enriched bread" will materially Finely ground whole wheat has that Rhubarb Punch improve the diet of the American people advantage also. The refined mod- in this respect. (National Research Coun- ern diet is so lacking in residue that 2 packages strawberry gelatin cil release, January 29, 1941.) Indeed it 2 boiling water thousands of dollars are spent yearly cups is the defense emergency that has made 4 cups cold water the move seem imperative. for slimy seeds or the Japanese sea- 4 cups rhubarb juice weed, agar-agar, to secure proper cracked ice Caution bowel action. Cook rhubarb with enough sugar to Again, the inspired Word of Wis- sweeten. Cool and strain. Dissolve the A warning of possible danger in dom is vindicated as a guide to gelatin in the boiling water. Add the cold food fortification has health. Its water and combine with the rhubarb juice. any program Author meant what He Serve with cracked ice. been sounded by Dr. Agnes Fay said: "Wheat for man." 293 illlelchizedelfPiiesthood

CONDUCTED BY THE MELCHIZEDEK PRIESTHOOD COMMITTEE OF THE COUNCIL OF THE TWELVE JOSEPH FIELDING SMITH, CHAIRMAN; JOHN A. WIDTSOE, JOSEPH F. MERRILL, CHARLES A. CALLIS, AND SYLVESTER Q. CANNON

A LETTER TO STAKE PRESIDENCIES AND STAKE Each player must attend at least two quorum meetings per month, or provide a MELCHIZEDEK PRIESTHOOD COMMITTEES reasonable excuse, during the softball season. Each player must live within the boun- April 10, 1941. and begin playing as soon as feasible. daries of the for which plays, Dear Brethren: To avoid confusion and duplication of quorum he and have his recommend in a ward in- herewith please find copies of work by receiving letters from each quorum, Enclosed cluded within the quorum. all inquiries will appear in the regarding this program should an article that Mel- Each player must present a doctor's Priesthood Department of the be addressed to the Priesthood Committee, chizedek May certificate of physical fitness before play- 47 East South St., Salt City, Era. It is self- Temple Lake issue of The Improvement ing in any stake game. setting forth the objectives Utah, and should be made by the Stake explanatory in Any player who uses liquor or tobacco the softball program. Melchizedek Priesthood Committee or some- and plans of will not allowed in one specifically designated the Stake be to participate league Since this will be a new activity in most by games after July 1, 1941. ask that give Presidency to represent the stake in that of the stakes, may we you Only amateur athletes will be allowed to invitation capacity. immediate consideration our to play. battery this program to the The on an Elder's team for the Elders' Quorums in your stake to We commend Elders of stake aid to must not be made up of either the pitcher participate in this project. your as an increase their activity interest in or the catcher for any other team in any observe deadline for teams and the Priesthood Quo- You will the other league. However, a pitcher or a for tour- rum, and pray the blessings of the Lord to registering the stake and Church catcher for attend your efforts. a team in another league may 15. Short notice is necessary nament is May be allowed to play in another position for the this year on account of announcement Sincerely your brethren, the Elders. of the program coming so late in the season. The entrance fee will be $2.00 a year Nevertheless it is hoped that the quorums in PRIESTHOOD COMMITTEE, for each team entering the stake competi- your stake will be able to organize teams, COUNCIL OF TWELVE. tion, to be paid to the stake representative draw up a schedule, send in the entrance fee By Joseph Fielding Smith, in time to be forwarded by him to the sec- and registration not later than May 15, Chairman. retary-treasurer of the central committee on or before May 15, 1941. Late entrance SOFTBALL-AN ACTIVITY FOR THE ELDERS fees will not be accepted. Note: The Rules of the National Soft- HP he announcement was made March throughout the Church to participate. ball Association have been adopted by the central committee as the rules which wilt A 22, 1941, by the Priesthood Com- At this early date inquiries have been govern the league of softball among the mittee of the Council of Twelve and received from stakes outside this area, Elders. It is important that all who are in and it is hoped these are only an indi- the General Board of the Young Men's any way connected with softball read the is follow. Mutual Improvement Association that cation of what to rules carefully and fully at the beginning of the M Men will withdraw from the A central committee composed of the season. Requests for exceptions made field of softball, and that the Elders one representative from each of the at the last minute cannot be allowed, and of the Church will adopt softball as sixteen Salt Lake valley stakes has would not be necessary if those in charge read the rules. a special quorum activity during the been organized. At the meeting held spring and summer months. The Y. M. March 21 the central committee voted Inquiries regarding this activity should be made to the M. I. A. has offered its full support to retain the officers of last year with Stake Melchize- and cooperation in putting this pro- the addition of one member, as the dek Priesthood committee. gram over in the Elders' quorums. executive committee for 1941. These For the past two years a number of officers are: Elder C. I. Burningham, chairman; Elders Guertz, NO- stakes in Salt Lake valley have been Ted Ken LIQUOR-TOBACCO F. Homer, assist- organized and have conducted softball Hardy, and William CAMPAIGN tournaments. Their experience has ants, and Elder Robert E. Huff, secretary-treasurer. the leadership been that participation in this activity Under by quorum members helps them to get of Elder Bliss Nissonger these brethren The Personal Contact Method were instrumental in getting this move- better acquainted, creates a feeling of "T^irector George S. Tanner of the stimulates in- ment started and bringing it to the at- 1-/ fellowship among them, L. D. S. Institute of Religion tention of the Priesthood committee. at the terest in quorum work, and increases University of Idaho read a very In sponsoring An eligibility committee was appoint- attendance at meetings. thoughtful paper at a recent meeting throughout the Church ed consisting of Elders W. McKinley this movement of college L. D, S. teachers of religion that sim- Oswald, Eddie Isaacson, and Owen W. the Priesthood committee feels on the methods used in McEwan. The following requirements our liquor- ilar results may be obtained by all the tobacco campaign, especially as they project. for individual players have been ap- quorums that participate in the touch young people. called atten- proved by the central committee and He trophy was sponsored for the tion to the grave dangers of presenting A the Priesthood committee of the Coun- winning team of 1940 by the Deseret this subject in the usual way in our re- cil of Twelve: News. The News has already agreed ligious meetings, especially when ad- to contribute two trophies this year: Eligibility dicts are present. They may be em- one for the winning team and one for Any man who has been ordained an barrassed and driven away. But if only the runner-up. Arrangements have Elder prior to April 1, 1941, or who is abstainers are present no harm will been made to hold the final Church- an Adult Aaronic Priesthood member result from public discussions of the wide tournament at White Ball Park twenty years of age or over as of April evils following the use of liquor and 1, 1941, meets the following require- in Salt Lake City during the last week who tobacco. ments will be eligible for participation in in August. It is expected that the stakes But in dealing with beginners and softball during the 1941 season. Adult in Salt Lake, Utah, Tooele, Davis and addicts Aaronic Priesthood members will be allow- he recommended tact, friendly will organized and persistence Weber Counties be ed to play one year only. (It is hoped they and the wise use of the Per- come into the league, with an invita- will then be worthy of being ordained sonal Contact Method. tion extended to all other stakes Elders.) Relative to this problem he wrote: 294 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Melchizedek Priesthood The committee on education is at work on a dramatization of Alcohol Talks To QUORUM PROJECTS (Continued Youth, to be presented in each ward on an from page 294) What is Your Quorum Doing? M. I. A. conjoint evening. There is great need for sympathetic men Personal Contact and women who have faith in young people One high council member and his field to come to the rescue [of winning and Moapa Stake Agricultural man direct contact work in the Melchizedek keeping youth and others from liquor and Priesthood quorums, and the other high Program tobacco]. One should not feel satisfied at councilman and his field man direct it for having "had a talk" with one of these boys the Aaronic Priesthood. In the Melchizedek {Concluded from page 264) or girls. The making of a life and the Priesthood the quorum officers select a mem- mittees of the three Melchizedek Priesthood moulding of a character is a life's work. ber to labor with an addict member. Only quorums in each ward. We urge that these It requires patience, sympathy, persistence the officers and the laborers must know committees be fully organized. These and faith. One must never give up or get anything of the assignments—the addicts committees can make reports and get in- discouraged because of apparent failure. never. The laborer contacts his man in the formation in the regular Priesthood meeting One never knows just when something he shop, store, field, canyon or wherever their each week. has done or said will bear fruit. The Lord daily lives take them, but tobacco is never has said, "Remember the worth of souls is mentioned. The laborer must make a friend above the signatures of the com- great in the sight of God; . . . And if you Just of his man and continue his work until the call should labor all your days and bring save mittee, this line appears, "We man becomes active. This work must con- it be one soul unto me, how great shall be special attention to Projects I and II tinue until every addict of the quorum is your joy with him in the kingdom of my for 1941. urge that these first two brought into activity. He will then be- We Father!" be emphasized this year." come an abstainer, it is believed. With the boys the method is different. Accomplishments to date have been Repeatedly in this column and else- Here the wayward one is induced to par- very encouraging. We quote the fol- have urged the of the where we use ticipate in some way. One activity is a lowing from a letter dated March 28, "personal contact method" in cam- two-and-a-half minute testimonial in every 1941, from Chairman of the Committee, paigning with those who tamper with or sacrament meeting, not a preaching effort, Edwin G. Wells, with reference to ac- use liquor or tobacco. Admittedly the but a statement of why the boy does not complishments : tobacco. In this activity Teacher situation is very delicate. It should be use a and a Priest alternate, one each Sunday At the suggestion of the stake presidency wisely and tactfully approached, of- evening. the stake Agricultural Advisory committee fense avoided, and confidence won. If Another activity is writing a five hundred started last fall urged more and better home ever workers needed divine guidance it word essay by every Deacon on "The Word gardens. is when the rescue of human souls from of Wisdom in Practical Terms"; every Our best response was from the Bunker- evil depends on the methods and skill Teacher on "Nicotine on the Air"; and the ville Ward, where a special agricultural of the workers. Priests on "Alcohol Talks to Youth." committee was appointed by the bishopric. A scrapbook contest is also carried on This committee covered the ward, inspected in each Deacon's quorum, each by contrib- proposed home garden plots, recommended Grant Stake's Excellent Work uting a page. The theme is "Why a Dea- methods of preparation to the owners, then con Should Not Smoke." This contest went back and inspected the plots when Stake has taken hold of the f'RANT arouses great ready for planting. About seventy-five ^-* interest. liquor-tobacco campaign with most per cent of the families in the Bunkerville Law Enforcement commendable earnestness and enthusi- Ward had a successful garden. . . . In Grant Stake the campaign is carried asm, as is indicated by their reports, A good home garden out of which people on in three divisions education, personal herewith summarized: — are getting a large part of their food is contact, and law observance and enforce- worth more than the cash value of the ment, the stake Organization committee having charge foodstuff in it. It gives them a feeling of The stake committee consists of a chair- of it all. The chairman of the stake com- security and tends toward stability and per- man, vice-chairman, secretary, two high mittee represents his stake on the Salt Lake manency. It will also improve the health of councilmen, two field men as assistants to County committee to secure observance most families. the high counselors, a representative from and enforcement of tobacco laws relative each stake auxiliary board and a lecturer. to minors. This committee and its work was From this committee is appointed an educa- discussed in this column of the Era, No- We have planted enough asparagus seed tional committee consisting of the lecturer vember, 1940, p. 678. "In Grant Stake this spring to furnish roots next winter for as chairman, the vice-chairman and the the law enforcement work is rapidly shap- about twenty-five acres of asparagus in representatives. Each ward has a coming into an effective program." one-half to one-acre plots for the Church mittee on the pattern of the stake com- Notwithstanding the fine organization and Welfare program canning, and in addition mittee. work in the Grant Stake, the chairman, we think we will have enough so that every Brother N. H. Hansen, says, "We have only family in the Moapa Stake that wants them Meetings begun. There is a tremendous task ahead." can have a few asparagus roots for their The stake and ward committees meet May this report from Grant Stake stimu- home gardens. jointly once each month on the fourth Sun- late in other stakes a desire to do as well or Years ago the Moapa Stake had quite a day. better. Every stake is free to organize number of small home orchards and vine- Education and work as it deems best. Results are yards planted by the early settlers. How- The educational program is conducted the objective; these will come satisfactorily ever, at the present time, most of the old under the auspices of the educational com- only from wisely planned, persistent and trees have died out without many being mittee. The records and films received from energetic work. planted to take their place. Because of

headquarters have been shown to nearly this apparent need. . . . Every ward in every class group in the stake and wards. Questionnaire No. 5 the stake responded, and by ordering as a This work is in charge of the vice-chairman group the people were saved about one of the stake committee. Questionnaire No. 5 relative to the third of the retail price of the trees and In every classroom in the stake has been progress of the campaign was sent vines that were shipped in. Between 850 and 900 fruit trees includ- placed two 8 by 36 inch posters, carrying to stake chairmen under date of March temperance gems—a pertinent statement by ing peaches, apricots, plums, apples, and 17, 1941. A prompt return from every authorities. These posters alternate weekly pears, and about 500 grapevines were ship- stake was requested. In so far as re- among the classrooms. This work is also ped in by members of our wards this year. in charge of the vice-chairman. ceived the returns indicate, as antici- About one hundred and fifty families par- The stake lecturer, chairman of the com- pated, wide degrees of activity in the ticipated in the tree-planting program. mittee on education, shows and lectures on campaign. The Lord said, "If it so be an alcohol chart prepared by the National that you should labor all your days From a recent conference with Forum and sponsored by the Church Office * * * and bring, save it be one soul Brother Wells, we are sure that he and of Education. To date he has lectured in unto me, how great shall be your joy his committee have done a splended 50% of the classrooms. with him in the kingdom of Father!" work. They have only scratched the Through the Relief Society the literature my received from the General Committee has (D. & C. 18:15.) In this campaign the surface, however, and are very enthusi- been placed in every home in the stake. welfare of human souls is at stake. astic with results accomplished to date. 295 ) . ) —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Problems and projects: Melchizedek Priesthood Outline of Study, June, 1941 1. How are the Apostles today carrying on the work of the original Twelve in the Text: Priesthood and Church Government. days of Christ?

( See also supplementary readings, problems, and projects below 2. Obtain reports of the activities carried on and directed by the various committees of the Council. How flexible is the work and LII a. To live always in spirit of revela- LESSON usefulness of the Council? tion The Apostleship and the Council 3. Review Joseph Smith's instructions to b. To have knowledge and under- of the twelve the Council. How valid have they proved? standing 4. Consider the admonition, "a day of (Read Chapter 20, pp. 263-266) c. To proclaim truth with authority warning and not of many words." What d. To direct affairs of Church abroad I. Nature of the Apostleship special application has this to the Council (See Supplementary Readings, No. a. Comprehends keys of the Priest- of the Twelve? To all the Priesthood? hood 4) e. travel preach to all 1. Power to organize and build up To and nations Kingdom of God (See Supple- III. Duties of Apostle less specific when not member of Council mentary Readings No. 1 Supplementary Readings IV. As prophets, seers, revelators 2. "Everything preparatory to en- and For Priesthood and Church Government tering back into presence of the a. Right to receive revelation b. Right to hold keys in fullness Father and the Son" . . . c. These exercised b. Holds special privilege of constant powers under di- 1. It is this extensiveness of power and communion with Savior rection, not independently (See authority to build up the kingdom of God Supplementary apostle- c. Will endure to accomplish Lord's Readings, No. 3) in all the world, that constitutes the purposes on earth V. Relation of Twelve to High Councils ship. It must be remembered, however, that a. Regulate affairs voice of the in exer- II. Nature of Quorum of Twelve Apos- by an Apostle would not be justified tles Church where there is no standing cising any one of the functions of his calling council. a. Composed of twelve men holding without first being called and appointed by Apostleship b. Standing high councils do not regu- the First Presidency. (Keeler, Church late affairs b. Forms Traveling Presiding High outside own stake Government, p. 139.) Council c. The Twelve a "Traveling High 2. There was no key that he [Joseph Council'' (See that he c. Hold directing authority when First Supplementary Smith] held, there was no authority Presidency disorganized Readings, No. 5) exercised that he did not bestow upon the d. Unanimous decisions equally bind- Problems and projects: Twelve Apostles at that time. Of course, ing with those of First Presidency. 1. Explain the position of the Council as in doing this he did not divest himself of III. Organization of the Twelve being "next to the First Presidency." Sup- the keys; but he bestowed upon them these a. Necessity for Council revealed be- port your statements historically, according keys and this authority and power, so that fore Church organized to revelation, and from the nature of the they held them in their fulness as he did, b. Organized February 14, 1835: Brig- Apostleship itself. differing only in this respect, that they exer- ham Young's account of calling of 2. Give the history of some notable mis- cised them subordinate to him as the head of members of Zion's Camp sions and assignments filled by the Twelve the dispensation. He ordained them to all single c. Full investment of powers and re- episodes in which the Twelve have figured this authority, without withholding a sponsibilities: Nauvoo conference, prominently in "bearing off the kingdom": power or key or ordinance that he himself 1841 (See Supplementary Readings, for example, the first mission to England; the had received. (George Q. Cannon, Jour- No. 2) period between the death of Joseph Smith nal of Discourses, Vol. 23, p. 363.) IV. Choosing an Apostle and the appointment of Brigham Young as 3. The Apostolic office in its very nature a. By revelation president known as the "Apostolic Inter- is a proselyting office. When an Apostle b. By First Presidency as directed by regnum." (See vol. vii, History of the presides he, like the High Priest, the Sev- enty, the Elder, or the bishop, presides be- inspiration Church. ) c. Approval of people 3. Show how the Apostles, though en- cause of the high Priesthood which has d. Members of original Council dowed with a calling extraordinary, work been conferred upon him; and furthermore 1. Selected by Oliver Cowdery, under direction. In what way are they because he has been called upon so to do David Whitmer, Martin Harris "special witnesses"? by the acknowledged head of the Church. 2. Confirmed by Joseph Smith and (Doctrine and Covenants, 107:23-33.) LESSON LIV . . calling his counselors . When he dies, the of The Apostleship and the Council counselors ends, and the responsibility Problems and projects: of the Twelve {Concluded) of Presidency falls upon the quorum 1. the nature of the Apostleship Explain (Read Chapter 20, pp. 271-274) of Twelve Apostles, because they hold as a calling in the Priesthood and not as a I. The Council and Church administra- the Holy Melchizedek Priesthood and Priesthood. out its special Point compre- tion are the next quorum in authority (Doc- hensive powers. a. Standing committees trine and Covenants, 107:24.) It is not 2. Differentiate between the Apostleship 1 Priesthood the Apostleship (Doctrine and Covenants, of the and the Council Twelve Apostles. 2. Mission presidents section 107), but the Priesthood and the the necessity for a Show such council in 3. Radio and missionary literature calling by proper authority which enables organization. Church 4. Stake conferences, etc. any person to preside. (Joseph F. Smith, 3. Assign quorum members to give brief b. Special committees as need arises Gospel Doctrine, p. 217.) biographies of past or present members of c. Weekly meetings with First Presi- 4. Jesus gave to his Apostles all power to the Council of the Twelve. dency effect the salvation of men. Their com- 4. Tell the story of Zion's Camp. In what d. Testimony meetings as a quorum mission was as unlimited as that which the way was it an apparent failure? was What every three months Son of God Himself held upon earth; it was its actual accomplishment as suggested in e. Periodical meetings with First to all the world; and the word of God itself of Brigham Young's account the calling of Council of Seventy could not effect more than the words of the Twelve? II. Trial of an Apostle these men were to effect; for the salvation of III. Joseph Smith's instructions to Council every creature depended upon believing their LIII LESSON a. To record proceedings and decisions words. (Millennial Star, Vol. XIV, pp. The Apostleship and the Council 1. Penalty of neglect 689, 690.) of the Twelve (Continued) 2. Importance of permanent record 5. No Elder or other officer, except the b. To keep order and proper conduct Twelve, and those whom they may appoint (Read Chapter 20, pp. 266-271) in proceedings for the purpose, has a right to travel from I. Position and authority of the Council c. To judge righteously state to state, or from city to city, to call a. Special witnesses for Christ d. To remain humble conferences, to regulate branches, to ordain b. Prophets, seers, and revelators 1. Danger of self-esteem in preach- officers, to collect tithings, to raise contribu-

c. Quorum equal in authority and ing tions. . . . The fact is, when the order of power to First Presidency: Joseph 2. Danger of people's flattery the kingdom is fully established, the Twelve Smith's declaration in Kirtland e. To teach: a day of warning and not are the only general officers of the Church II. Calling and duties of members of of many words whose jurisdiction is universal. (Parley Council f. To act honestly before man and God P. Pratt, Millennial Star, Vol. V, p. 152.) 296 ^J=c Horoniclriesthood

CONDUCTED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PRESIDING BISHOPRIC—EDITED BY JOHN D. GILES

the introduction of the Phoenician idolatry The Aaronic Priesthood into Israel." The Prophet Elijah came forth during was more wicked Fourteenth in a series of articles the reign of Ahab, who and impious than any of his predecessors, written by the late Elder Orson F. and at the prophet's word a three years' Whitney the Council the of of famine was visited upon the land to pun- in Twelve. Published originally ish the king and the inhabitants for their "The Contributor." sins. At the close of this period the memorable vindication of God's power in the sacrifice offered by Elijah on Mount Car- \\Jz now find it necessary to glance " mel, took place. The people, alarmed at v hurriedly over a very important the display of Jehovah's might, turned from Israelitish history, period in namely, their idols in terror and at the command of that reaching from the close of the reign Elijah, the priests of Baal, four hundred of King Solomon to the destruction of and fifty in number, were put to death. the kingdom, which had been previous- Ahaziah succeeded Ahab as king of Israel, ly divided, and the carrying away cap- and after a brief reign was succeeded by the wor- tive of Israel into Assyria and Babylon. his brother Jehoram. He abolished ship of Baal, but clung to the idolatry of Our principal endeavor will be as here- Jeroboam. During the last year of his tofore to sketch those features of his- reign the former worship was restored. Jehu tory immediately affecting the Aaron- began to reign in B. C. 884. "put down JOSEPH SMITH He ic Priesthood. the worship of Baal but maintained the and Oliver Cowdery, To Joseph Smith, the Prophet, idolatry of Jeroboam." Then followed the The latter part of King Solomon's the Aaronic Priesthood was restored May 25, 1829. reigns of Jehoahaz, Jehoash, Jeroboam II, tarnish- The 112th Anniversary of the Restoration will he glorious reign was dimmed and Zechariah, Shallum, Manahem, Pekahiah, observed May 17 and IS, throughout the Church. ed by his idolatry. He had disobeyed Pekah, and Hoshea. Hoshea was the last the warning of God to Israel, to re- and best of the kings of Israel. He endeav- frain from intermarrying with the peo- dom was thenceforth known as the king- ored to lift the nation out of idolatry, but ple of other nations, and had taken dom of Judah. We will first trace the ca- it was too far sunken therein for him to wives from various countries, thus set- reer of the northern kingdom. succeed, and the kingdom was already Jeroboam and his subjects adopted an crumbling to its fall. ting an evil example before his people. idolatrous religion, presumably for the pur- These strange women imported their Early in the reign of Hoshea, who came pose of rendering the separation between to the throne in B. C. 730, Shalmanezer false religions into the kingdom, and them and Judah more complete. Two na- IV, King of Assyria, invaded Israel and Solomon in his old age fell into the tional sanctuaries were established at Dan after a two years' siege of Samaria, which snare thus laid, and was led away by and Bethel, where the images were set up, was then the capital of the realm, took the his idolatrous wives to the worship of and a new priesthood was created in oppo- city, overran the whole country and car- sition to that of the tribe of Levi. The their gods. This terrible example had ried away the inhabitants into captivity. Levites scattered throughout the northern its legitimate effect upon the morals They were never restored to their native kingdom, took umbrage at this usurpation of the nation, and the death of the king, land and their ultimate fate is to the world of their authority, and passed over into which occurred in B. C. 975, was the an unraveled mystery. They are spoken of Judah and identified themselves with the as "the lost tribes." The Israelitish territory signal for the disruption of the Hebrew kingdom of the south. During the reign of remained comparatively deserted until Es- commonwealth. Baasha, who was "grossly addicted to arhaddon, King of Assyria, in the seventh idolatry," and had made himself king after century, B. C, colonized it with families During the reign of Rehoboam, Solo- murdering Nadab, son and successor of from Babylon, Persia and other nations. mon's successor and only son, the ten north- Jeroboam, "the remnant of the worshipers "The new inhabitants imported their idol- ern tribes revolted, and under Jeroboam, of Jehovah left in Israel, went over to atrous worship; and God showed his jeal- whom they made their king, threw off their Judah, attracted by the piety of King Asa." ousy for his own land by plaguing them allegiance to the house of David and es- Following Baasha as kings of Israel were with lions. They ascribed the infliction to tablished the kingdom of Israel, the capital Elah, Zimri, Omri, and Ahab. The last- their ignorance of 'the manner of the God of which was placed at Shechem. The named married Jezebel, daughter of Eth- of the land,' and the King of Assyria sent house of Judah and subsequently Benjamin baal, King of Tyre, and High Priest of remained loyal to Rehoboam, and his king- Astarte. "The result of this alliance was {Continued on page 298)

SOUTH LOS ANGELES STAKE STANDARD QUORUM AWARD BANQUET 297 1

THE: IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Aaronic Priesthood Quorums to Conduct Campaign for Non-Use of Liquor and Tobacco

A Church-wide campaign for the ** non-use of liquor and tobacco to be carried on through the quorums of the Aaronic Priesthood was announced by the Presiding Bishopric at a special Aaronic Priesthood meeting held in connection with the General Conference. The campaign is to begin on May 15, the anniversary of the restoration of the Aaronic Priesthood, and to continue throughout the year to De- cember 31. Under the plans, as announced, which are being presented to stake and ward leaders and quorum officers, an effort is to be made to have every member of every quorum in every ward in the Church present a prepared five- minute talk in a public meeting during the campaign period. Deacons and Teachers are to discuss reasons for the non-use of tobacco, and Priests will discuss the non-use of liquor.

The campaign is being carefully pre- OGDEN STAKE STANDARD QUORUM AWARD BANQUET pared and will be promoted vigorous- INSERT—PRESIDENT DAVID 0. McKAY SPEAKING, AND CHURCH OFFICIALS ly through the Presiding Bishop's Of- fice. Pamphlets published by the Gen- Aaronic Priesthood Quorums Days" during the year, at which time every eral Committee conducting the cam- In Welfare Projects quorum member would endeavor to secure paign for the non-use of liquor and employment, the proceeds to be contrib- uted to the quorum Welfare Project Fund. tobacco will be furnished to quorum "PoLLOWiNG several months of consid- Those who are regularly employed could officers; and, in addition, special helps eration and planning, the partici- contribute their pay for the day to the will be given through Church publica- pation of Aaronic Priesthood quorums Quorum Fund. tions. throughout the Church in the Church 2. To establish a quorum Welfare Proj- Welfare Plan on a quorum basis has ect Fund which every quorum member would strive to increase throughout the Aaronic Priesthood been approved. At the Welfare meet- entire year. Individual projects along the ing held in connection with the recent (Continued from page 297) lines suggested in the foregoing, or others General Conference, Presiding Bishop of suitable nature, could be developed, the back one of the captive priests who 'taught LeGrand Richards outlined the pro- proceeds to go to the Quorum Fund. Boys them how to fear Jehovah.' " But "the new gram and suggested types of projects who do not secure employment, but are inhabitants regarded themselves as at lib- which could be conducted by quorums otherwise able to make contributions could erty to serve their old gods, and their wor- do so with full credit. ship was a strange compromise between in both city and rural stakes. It is expected that under this new the true and the false." The Bible says: It is expected that all quorums will feared plan every Aaronic Priesthood quorum "They Jehovah and served their own adopt the Welfare Project Plan imme- gods." Thus originated the race of Sa- will carry forward at least one definite diately and carry it forward for the maritans, between whom and the Jews Welfare project in connection with its remainder of the year. there sprang up a feeling of relentless regular program. hatred. Types of projects which may be con- (To be Continued) Standard Quorum Awards ducted in rural areas include gardens, Again Exceed Previous Marks small farm acreage, thinning, cultivation, and other assistance to farmers Qtakes qualifying five or more quo- to be arranged in advance, the com- rums: pensation to go into the quorum Wel- fare Project Fund. The raising of Number Number Stake of Awards Stake of Awards cattle, hogs, sheep, chickens, rabbits, or other animals offer additional op- Ogden 37 Snowflake 1 portunities. So. Los Angeles....30 Cottonwood 10 In city areas projects might include Granite 27 Los Angeles 10 Highland 24 Mount Graham ....10 rental of nearby farm acreage and the Alberta _ 20 No. Idaho Falls .. 9 production of suitable crops, the plant- Pocatello -18 North Davis 8 ing of gardens on vacant lots, gather- Rexburg 17 St. George 8 ing old papers and magazines for sale, Weber 17 Bonneville 7 the cutting of lawns under contract or Liberty 16 Riverside 6 special arrangement for the season, Taylor 16 San Francisco .... 6 the cleaning up of vacant lots, cooper- Cache _ 14 Lehi 6 Logan 13 Moapa 5 ation with Melchizedek Priesthood Grant 13 St. Joseph 5 quorums in their special projects, and Maricopa 12 San Fernando 5 others of a similar nature. Pasadena 11 South Davis 5

Two special projects which could be Pioneer 11 Phoenix - 5 LOVELL WARD DEACONS EXCEL operated successfully by any quorum qualified cent Deacons' quorums of Lovell Ward, Big Horn Stake, are these: Granite Stake 100 per first to qualify for Standard Quorum Awards in that of its quorums, and South Los Ange- stake. 100% of the members of both quorums were 1. conduct or "Welfare les 91 per cent. ..'j resent when the pictures were taken. To one more 298 —

SUlarJTe aching

CONDUCTED UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE PRESIDING BISHOPRIC—EDITED BY JOHN D. GILES

The Honor of Having the WARD TEACHERS Authority to go Ward Teaching A nd if any man among you be strong in the Spirit, let him take with him ** him that is weak, that he may be edified in all meekness, that he may Talk Delivered at Portland Stake become strong also. Conference, Lundy, by Wayne Therefore, take with you those who are ordained unto the lesser An Ordained Teacher. Priesthood. . . . (Doc. and Cov., 84:106, 107.)

A T a time like the present, we are all *"* Suggestions For Ward Teachers aware of many types of power. We are aware of the power of dicta- Teachers should be actively interested in their people. They should torial nations attempting to force their visit them in times of illness and death. They should be aware of the will on others. We are aware of the spiritual, physical, and temporal status of their people to such an extent power of our own nation. Also, we are that distress and want may be reported at once, and appropriate assistance aware of other minor powers. But to the worthy be provided without delay. these are not stable. We read from In keeping with the duties assigned to teachers by revelation, it is world history of the great powers pos- highly appropriate, where making a formal visit, to ask each member of the sessed by the Roman Empire and by family questions containing the following import: Greece, but these fell. We read in the 1. Are you in harmony— Book of Mormon of the power of the a. With your neighbors and associates? nation, this fell, also. great Nephite but b. With ward, stake, and General Authorities of the Church? However, there is one power that will 2. Are you attending to your Church duties withstand any test, the greatest power a. As a member in heaven or on earth—the power of Attending meeting, fasting once each month, and paying Fast Offering, the Priesthood. This is the power that paying tithing, and participating in ward social functions? b. As an officer you and I are exercising when we go Setting proper example, attending council meetings, Ward Teaching. Sometimes older etc.? 3. Are you attending to secret and family prayers? members of the Priesthood say, "Let the Aaronic Priesthood perform this work. The Teachers and Priests have ii)o)udL Jaadwi&J VykAAoqsL #fa $wul, 7947 this authority; give me a job more important." Brethren, I say there is no OBEDIENCE work in the Church more important. "pVERY properly constituted society is governed by law. This is necessary The Lord has said, "Where a few are ,Lj to avoid conflict and confusion, whether that society be a nation, a gathered in my name, there I shall be state, a city, a family, or a church. also." Certainly no one can excuse are made for the protection of society and the individuals who himself because the work is not im- Laws constitute it. They are made to protect the weaker members from those portant enough if the Lord, Himself, would take advantage of them. They are made to establish equality is willing to grant His presence. I say who among individuals and groups. They are made to safeguard "life, liberty, Ward Teaching is important. and the pursuit of happiness," Now, if Ward Teaching is impor- civil laws are obeyed there are harmony, peace, and order. tant, what benefits are obtained When When they are broken there are confusion, strife, and frequently suffering, through performing it. First, it brings benefits to the ward, the stake, and the and loss of life. Laws are as necessary in the Church as in a state or nation. Laws Church as a whole; second, it is of if establish order unity. difference be- great assistance to those whom you in the Church, obeyed, and The laws those which govern the Church is that the laws teach; and, third, but just as impor- tween man-made and of the Church are established upon the principles of eternal truth and are tant, it brings benefits to you—the Ward Teacher. not subject to the weaknesses of men. are told that "Order is the first law of heaven." While it is true Going back to the first point, it We prevails it is also true brings benefits to the ward, the stake, that order in heaven, that without obedience to law order. and the Church as a whole. Patrick there could be no is religion render obedi- Henry once said: "I know of no way It a part of the of the true Latter-day Saint to to judge the future except by the past." ence to all laws. The Articles of Faith clearly establish our belief in From past records of the Church we "honoring, obeying, and sustaining the law" of the land. revelations, the leaders, find that those wards which comply The teachings of our Church and the Gospel itself stress obedience to the of are the with this commandment are wards that laws God, which the laws of Church. have a large attendance at Sunday Obedience and blessings are inseparable in the Gospel plan. Until accepts the principle School and at Sacrament meetings. a person of obedience he cannot receive the promised blessings. Truly, is better than sacrifice, They are the ones who pay fast offer- "Obedience and to hearken than the fat of ings and tithing, and they are the wards rams." where the people are aware of coming events, because the Ward Teacher is may be that necessary reminder, be- forming a great service to some mem- truly the bishop's "mouthpiece." cause people who become inactive in ber of the Church. Second: Ward Teaching is a great the Church generally start by missing My next point is the benefits you assistance to those whom you teach. Sunday School or a Sacrament meet- yourself gain by doing Ward Teach- When you go ward teaching, it may ing. Before long, unless they are con- ing. Like any other work in the seem like an insignificant duty, but it tacted monthly by Ward Teachers, Church, regardless of how much you may be that monthly visit that holds they allow themselves to forget God. try to help others, you yourself reap some individuals in the Church. It So your monthly reminder may be per- the greatest reward. 299 —

gfienea l ogqn ii iiniiwii —^——a——^fcJhwaw

WRITE YOUR LIFE STORY account of all those events in your life terity should become concerned in each which you would like, your grandchil- other. The desires and possibilities for By Walter M. Everton dren to know about. If you have been the fulfillment of this prophecy of Mal- keeping a record and have omitted achi among the Christian races have '"pHE Lord gave the Nephites a record A some important things, write those im- been more manifest during the present of their ancestors so that their portant things into your record now. generation than any preceding one. children might not live in ignorance of If you have not kept a record, whether Most people come into the world un- the dealings of the Lord with their you are twenty years old or eighty, heralded and go out without epitaph fathers. start one now. or obituary. Only those born great or In this record was the story of a Oftentime men write their life stories, who have achieved greatness, or have girl named Ruth who followed her and the book is carried to some far had that element thrust upon them in mother-in-law to the land of the Israel- corner of the country by a descendant. some way, have seemingly any claim to ites, and who helped to support the Therefore it is not available to other be remembered after death. The brief family by gleaning the wheat which members of the family, and sometimes synopsis given of a person's earth life the reapers failed to gather when they such books are entirely lost. In order at the time of his funeral is neither harvested the field. Another was about to avoid the possibility of anything like written down nor remembered, and if a man and his wife who had no children this, the Genealogical Society of Utah our life's data are not otherwise re- and who prayed to the Lord and were invites you to place a copy of your corded we are likely to pass by like a blessed with a son in answer to their book in the Library, where it will be ship in the night, unseen and soon for- prayers. This son was named Samuel. available to future generations. (Edi- gotten. We should love and revere This record is full of stories about com- torial, The Herald-Journal, Logan, their memory, and record incidents and mon people, but when it is all put to- Utah, Saturday, February 1, 1941.) events of their lives that they may be gether it is the greatest book in the held in kind and loving remembrance. world. A WORTHWHILE BEQUEST As posterity delights in details, we There are lessons to be learned from should not limit, our record to a few the lives of good men and women in By James C. Westergaard dates. If the records of our lives were all ages. These stories should be writ- more generally written for further ir ten by the men and women themselves pHE custom of making a last will and reference and for coming generations we so that future generations A may have testament is commendable. But as would live more worthy lives. Family the benefit of the faith-promoting, faith- most people "have no gold to dispense record-keeping is easy, inexpensive, and testing experiences of those who live when they grow old," a will for such more enduring than monuments made now. is of little concern. There is, however, of iron and granite, whose writings the Will your great-grandchildren know another kind of bequest that all, rich elements in a few years make impos- who you were, what you did, what and poor, should endeavor to leave to sible to discern. you believed, your faith, your strug- their posterity, which ofttimes would I have accounts of most of my an- gles, your triumphs, and your failures be of even more value than a few pieces cestors and relatives for more than three and the lessons you learned from them? of cold, unloving money. It is a glori- hundred years. They consist of church Personal history should be written ous and profitable employment to write and court records, private records, to- the history of well ordered life. as it happens. Just as soon after an a We gether with verbal verified information, are informed by the last of the event happens as it is convenient, make Old which, guarded by reliable custodians, Testament prophets that a time would a record of it, not on a piece of paper, can be preserved and added to in future not in a pocket-size memorandum book come when the hearts of the fathers years. should which is easily lost, but in a record be turned to the children, and Family record-keeping well deserves book large enough to be seen and kept the hearts of the children to their fa- a word spoken in its favor. There are with other books. Keep a record of thers, meaning that ancestors and pos- some in every family who will appre- present events as you go along. If ciate such a record more than any other years of your life have passed without kind of heirloom, no matter what its a record being kept, take the time to system, or lack of system, and expert write your past life, look up dates, TO THE MASTERS genealogists can easily extract material think over events, consult records kept By Tom L. Broadbent from it for reliable and valuable gene- by other persons and the Church. Do alogy. everything you can to get all the im- '"Peach me with fingers deft the reeds to L. people the fascinating portant facts of your life recorded, so *• tune To D. S. of genealogical research is that the influence of your life may not Whose hidden voice my soul unrests, and endeavor be blotted out when you die. pray much more than a novel pastime, it is Tell me the secret of thy power to say a matter of love and duty. The Read- Your record should contain some That thou hast understood life's plan so er's Digest some time ago highly com- account of your parents, grandparents, soon. mended the Mormon people for their and others of your family. It should Teach me ere yet the passing of life's noon genealogical endeavors. show the date and place of your birth, The language of that glorious ancient day your baptism, ordinations, and your Ere Greek and Roman wise knew death's marriage. It should tell of your decay, And grant to me philosophy's sweet boon. schooling, your life job, places of resi- "THROUGH the YEARS" dence, church positions, public offices, Afraid of Life? Oh, soul of mine, encased loose-leaf H. Wakefield In mortal gross, be great as is thy worth; A Journal, by Emma and your accomplishments. It should and Ramona F. Cottam, is a narrative and pic- Not thee to awe do these great masters give picture your children and your family torial life record journal, with illustrations on Their all, nor yet to know thee much de- how to write one's personal history, by classi- accurate, life. It should be truthful and based fication of material as one writes. not a sermon, except only in the sense They would not prove thee of a lesser birth; PRICE $2.00 NOW ON SALE at 531 No. University Ave. or that the life of every good person is a They'd raise thee up and show thee how to 71 E. 4th South, Provo, Utah; also Deseret sermon. It should contain an accurate live. Book Store, Salt Lake City. 300 ^op fflutuamiessaqes BOARD MEMBER J. EDWIN ried out, the entire program being built NELSON TAKEN BY DEATH about this musical theme. About the ^cecutiVGs walls in black silhouette was a variety of musical instruments =33 I. A. associates of and suspended HPhe M. J. Edwin from the ceiling black of Nelson, 45, mourn his passing. He were symbols sharps, flats, and notes of different JUNE CONFERENCE was a member of the Y. M. M. I. A. General Board, serving on the Special value. "\\7ith a fanfare of color, the festival Interest committee, and died on April The Thirtieth Ward reports its vv Daughters on reception on the Tabernacle 3 of a heart attack at his home in Og- Mothers and Night grounds will introduce the annual June den, Utah. March 20, 1941. The tables were beautifully decorated with fresh flow- Conference to convene June 6, 7, 8, Elder Nelson's Church service in- ers, mirrors, and green and gold candles. and 9, 1941. cluded several years as first counselor After dinner served a short pro- After the festival welcome, begin- in the Ogden Twelfth Ward, a time was of ning at 8:30 on Friday, the group will as president of an Elders' quorum, and gram was presented by members each class, and every mother move into the Tabernacle to be ad- service as a missionary in the Western Mutual was presented with a daffodil corsage, dressed by leaders of the Church, who States. He had been a member of the pinned on by her daughter. This was have messages for the youth of the M. I. A. General Board since March, of the most successful ever held in Church. 1936. He was prominent in business one the Thirtieth Ward. At noon on Friday, special lunch- and civic circles as he was in Church eon meetings will feature the cultural affairs: he taught at the South Wash- arts: speech, drama, music, and in ad- ington Junior High School in Ogden, THREE-ACT COMEDY DRAMA dition luncheon meetings will be held later went into business as sales man- by the community activity group and TpHE Granger Ward Little Theater, of ager for the Logan Knitting Mills and * the manual counselors. the Barron Woolen Mills, and in 1919, Oquirrh Stake, in presenting Ruth Friday afternoon will be a special he organized the Intermountain Knit- and Nathan Hale's play It Shall Keep introduction of the theme as it applies ting Mills, Inc. Elder Nelson was a Thee, traveled over three counties to to the cultural arts of dancing, music, member of various civic clubs and or- numerous stakes and wards. Mrs. speech, and drama. Following the ses- ganizations, including the Red Cross Hale, the co-author of the play, is also sion in the Tabernacle, a reception will and the Community Chest. the author of Handcart Trails, which he held for all Mutual workers, to be Surviving are his widow, Ruth is in this year's M. I. A. book of plays. followed by the dance festival at Salt- Matthews Nelson, whom he married The setting for It Shall Keep Thee is in air. in 1922, and four children. south central Utah with the first act at Saturday will be devoted to depart- the time of the Black Hawk War. The ment sessions, in which the year's work second act happens in the gay nineties a will be introduced to the field. Satur- generation later, and the last act is about day evening there will be held in the prominent in Gleaner work in Granite the third generation at the present time. Tabernacle, a special meeting under Stake. Miss Williams will serve on the Carrying two sets of scenery and a cast the direction of the M Men-Gleaner Junior committee, Miss Walker on the of twenty people, the traveling troupe committees. community activity committee, and Miss has performed over twenty-five times Sunday morning will open with the Ball with the Bee-Hive committee. to twelve thousand people. Four per- regular testimony meeting, to be fol- formances have been given in Provo lowed by special meetings for the STAKE AND WARD ACTIVITIES with one for Leadership Week at Brig- Young Women workers in the Assem- ham Young University, and one for war bly Hall and the Young Men in Bar- "pROM Pocatello Stake comes the re- relief. ratt Hall. At 2 o'clock, the M. I. A. port of a very exceptional Speech will the First Presi- leaders meet under Arts Festival held Sunday, February M. I. A. GIRLS WIN dency in the regular Sunday afternoon 9, 1941, in the Stake Recreation Hall. BASKETBALL Tabernacle service. Sunday evening, The festival included conversation, CHAMPIONSHIP the meeting will highlight a talk by debating, speeches, and scriptural r President David O. McKay on the readings, as well as musical selections. pHE girls' basketball team of the Mu- theme. We feel sure that with this kind of * tual Improvement Association, Ku- On Monday the institute for sum- impetus the speech program will be- kuau Branch, Hawaiian Mission, Hilo, mer workers will be held at Memory come a vital part of the lives of the Hawaii, recently attracted favorable Grove and an institute will be held for Pocatello Stake members. public attention to itself and to the M. Bee Hive workers. Twin Falls Stake reports an excep- I. A. by winning the girls' basketball tional Gold and Green Ball. The satis- championship of the city for 1940-41. NEW BOARD MEMBERS faction that came from the dance was Under the able direction of Brother APPOINTED three-fold: One, the desire for better Robert Stevens, who is manager of the dancing was evidenced in the deport- team and responsible for its initial or- r r T HE General Presidency of the Y. W. ment at the ball; two, the improvement ganization, and with the fine * coaching M. I. A. is happy to announce the in the matter of the appearance and of Elder Kenneth N. Gardner, the M. appointment of three new General dress of those participating; three, the I. A. team won six out of seven games. Board members and the return of Mrs. desire to cooperate with the General After the finals, four of the girls were Polly Hardy to active duty, to serve Board plans in avoiding of intermis- placed by the Hilo Recreational Com- on the Junior committee. sions by producing a floor show, which mittee League on the first all-star team, The three new members are Erda they titled "Winter Fantasy" and car- and one girl placed on the second all- Williams, former president of Cotton- ried out in ice, blue, silver, and white. star team. The champions were award- wood Stake Y. W. M. I. A.; Virginia Idaho Stake writes about its very ed a beautiful trophy by the H. R. C. Walker, active in the South Eighteenth unusual Gold and Green Ball where the League. Ward M. I. A., and Marjorie Ball, theme of M. I. A. Symphony was car- (Continued on page 302) 301 Mutual Messages {Continued from page 301)

Young married women, here is a challenge! Five members of the team are married and have children. Represented by these M. I. A. girls, either in a pure or mixed blood, are four races: Hawaiian, Chinese, Japanese, and Caucasian. The M. I. A. marches on! nniTerKGjegners

W. Creed Haymond, Hazel Brockbank, chairmen; Wesley P. Lloyd, Franklin S. Harris, L. A. Stev- enson, Homer C. Warner, Werner Kiepe, John D. Giles, Helena Larson, Florence Pinnock, Aurelia Bennion, Marie Waldram, Katie C Jensen, Ileen Waspe. JUNE CONFERENCE EXHIBIT

June Conference is a very important part of the M Men and Gleaner program. One of the most helpful and delightful parts of the conference is the M Men and Gleaner exhibit held in the Lion House. Here you will find new ideas and suggestions to further next year's program, for here will be actual printed programs, menus, favors, Treasures of Truth books, projects, pictures, and so on. In order to make this exhibit as helpful as possible to everyone, the stake M Men and Gleaner officers should collect from their stakes all material they want to display, organize it, and send it to the General Board office in care of Don Lyman, chairman of the Exhibit Com- mittee, by June 3rd. Unless arrangements are made to call for the material personally at the close of the exhibit on Saturday night, June 7th, none can be returned. If you have had some fine activities, describe them, adding your suggestions and send to the M Men Gleaner Committee, % Y. M. M. I. A. General Board, 50 North Main Street, Salt Lake City, Utah. This material will form the basis of mimeographed sheets of suggestions and ideas to be distributed at June Conference to help you in next year's planning.

1. South Los Angeles Stake M Men-Gleaner Banquet. 2. Summit Stake Gleaners—the binding of the sheaf. 3. Tempe Ward celebration of the return of 1939-1940 Maricopa Stake basketball team with stake officials from Salt Lake City. 4. Group at social and dance sponsored by Hunting- ton, West Virginia Branch.

5. Fresno District M. I. A. officers of California Mission.

6. Virden Ward Guardians as Mexicans at the "Fun Fest" for Bee- Hive Girls. 7. Bee- Hive Girls at Double Party, Snowflake, Arizona. S. Cast of Pioneer Pageant, "Brigham Young Leads the Way," held in Montgomery, Alabama, under the direction of the District M. I. A. on Pioneer Day. 9. M Men-Gleaner Banquet at Binghampton Branch, California Mission.

10. Boy Scouts and Scouters who took complete charge of the Sacrament Service in Bing- hampton Branch, California Mission. 11. Maricopa Stake 1939-40 basketball team. 12. Douglas Allen, deacon of Raymond 1st Ward, Scout in Raymond 1st troop, fighting under colors of Raymond Athletic Association.

302 :

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Mutual Messages GOLDEN GLEANERS

"^Tew Golden Gleaner Girl applica- ^ tions arrive each week; girls in every stake are earning, credit by credit, this ultimate award for the Gleaners. Plan now to add to your credits during the summer, for it will be especially easy to work in the "Creative Achieve- ments" then. It is assumed that all ward leaders and stake supervisors will make opportunities in Tuesday evening meetings, Sunday evening services, ward conferences, summer meetings, firesides and extra meetings for girls to fill their credits. At June Conference the first Golden Upper: The annual Gleaners in the Church will be named flag ceremony and parade and thus honored. In the meantime of champions highlighted one of the most successful there have been five minor changes in opening-day programs in the history of the air the Golden Gleaner plan and its re- Church basketball classic. quirements which should be called to Church officials, Y. M. the attention of girls working toward M. I. A. leaders, and the sixteen competing teams this achievement. filed on the floor, headed by a select group of 1. The eighth point under the general re- Gleaner Girl sponsors. quirements now reads, "One shall earn all credits while she is of Gleaner Girl age." Lower: Watching the All-Church Basketball tournament are Governor Herbert B. Maw of Utah (right), and Superintendent George Q. Morris (left), of the Young Men's Mutual Improvement Association. Between them 2. Each application must be accompanied is Marian Morris, daughter of Superintendent Morris. by a personal letter from the girl giving the details of her Gleaner work, the dates well-matched quintets and individual basketball and still live to the lofty of earning her credits, the names of her up speeches and where she gave them, the stars, resulted in new attendance rec- idealism of M Men basketball. name of the play in which she participated, ords every day from the opening, The contesting teams came from and so oh. March 12, to the big finale on March 16. many regions, as the championship 3. There has been added a third require- The championship moved from Lov- ratings on the first eight will indicate. ment to the required spiritual achievements ell, Wyoming, to Arlington, California. In addition to these, were represented —that each girl have her patriarchal bless- Coach Frank Struhs' highly polished Rupert, Idaho; Garland, Utah; St. ing. courtiers defeated Manavu of Provo in Johns, Arizona; Hoytsville, Utah; 4. The first two requirements listed under Executive Achievements have been modi- the championship final 35 to 33 as 3,100 Beaver. Utah; Logan Fifth Ward; Salt fans cheered lustily from the opening City First, and Gridley, Cali- fied to read : 1 . Be an active officer or Lake delegate in the ward Gleaner Girl organi- whistle to the finishing gun. The first fornia. zation for one year. 2. Be an active officer eight teams finished as follows: Trophy presentations were made by in the stake Gleaner organization for one 1. Arlington, Los Angeles. Y. M. M. I. A. General Superintend- year. 2. Manavu, Provo. ent George Q. Morris. The series was 5. From the first requirement under Cul- 3. Grandview, Salt Lake City. directed by Homer C. Warner, chair- tural Arts Achievements have been stricken 4. Lovell, Wyoming. the words "within one year," allowing the man of the M Men Committee, and 5. Magna, Utah. girls the whole seven years of Gleaner work John D. Giles, field supervisor. Gov- 6. Sixth-Seventh, Salt Lake City. to complete this credit if that long a time ernor Herbert B. Maw, a former mem- 7. Ephraim, Utah is necessary. To the eighth requirement, ber of the Y. M. M. I. A. committee, 8. Iona, Idaho. which reads, "Be an active member for one was a spectator at the final contests and year of an M. I. A. chorus," has been added The most coveted prize of all, the spoke briefly. "or a ward choir." General Board M. I. A. Sportsman- ship Trophy, was awarded to the The day-by-day progress of the tour- SPORTSMANSHIP THEME Grandview Ward team of Grant Stake, DOMINATES M MEN nament is shown by the scores as BASKETBALL TOURNAMENT Salt Lake City. Sportsmanship was follows the theme of the championships and First Round: Garland 33, Iona 27; By Les Goates Grandview demonstrated adequately Hoytsville 42, Magna 36; Lovell 55, Beaver that a team can play hard-fighting (Continued on page 304) 'The mammoth Mutual Improvement A Association Basketball Conference,

which officially spreads through five iiSi western states and the adjacent countries of Canada and Mexico, enjoyed the most successful year in its history this season with the completion of the record-breaking 1941 all-Church M LOGAN 9TH WARD, Men tournament. CHURCH VANBALL A hundred and twenty-five splendid- CHAMPIONS ly-trained and well-conditioned bas- (See story, page 304) keteers were whittled down from a field of upward of ten thousand who started league competition in October and No- vember. The calibre of basketball played throughout the conference, together with an exceptional setup of 303 :

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Mutual Messages m:m T00ELE FIFTH WARD EXPLORER TROOP NO. 365 27; Manavu 60, Gridley 34; Sixth-Seventh 55, Rupert 40; Arlington 34, Logan Fifth 28; These Explorers all have their Ar- rowhead and Life Awards. All but two Ephraim 37, First 29; Grandview 47, St. Explorers have hiked over the Mormon John 36. trail from Henefer to Salt Lake City. Second Round: Magna 50, Rupert 46; The entire troop plans to make the Pioneer Trail Trek again this year. Grandview 44, Ephraim 36; Beaver 44, Names of the Explorers are: Top Logan 41; Sixth-Seventh 50, Hoytsville 35; row left to right: Earl Kenworthy, St. John 40, First 34; Arlington 41, Lovell Kent McKluskey, Westley Smart, Ted 35; Manavu 25, Garland 24; Iona 37, Grid- Bingham, Val Simpson. Bottom row, left to right: Norman Jordon, Jack ley 27. Gibson, Explorer Leader C. N. Fackrell, Third Round: Iona 42, St. John 34; Mag- Jack Riding, Keith Ensign. na 46, Beaver 29; Lovell 43, Hoytsville 34; Arlington 36, Sixth-Seventh 24; Manavu 35, Grandview 27; Ephraim 36, Garland 29. Final Round: Arlington 35, Manavu Each member of the championship grimage. Some of the most sacred re- 33 (championship game); Lovell 42, team was presented with an Explorer ligious history of the West was en- Ephraim 33; Grandview 33, Sixth-Seventh sweater. To the Emigration team and acted by our forefathers on this trail. 32; Magna 49, Iona 45. consolation winners, 33rd Ward, were One typical incident often referred to At the conclusion of the champion- given vanballs. in early Church history is the story of ship series, The Deseret News sports The tournament was characterized the Prophet Joseph F. Smith and his staff selected for that newspaper and by a much finer type of vanball playing mother who lost their oxen just prior The Improvement Era the following than in previous years. On practically to ascending Little Mountain where the all-Church honor teams: every team was one or more outstand- erection of a monument will be started First Team: Forwards—Harold Jones ing server, kill-shot, or set-up artist. at the next June Conference. and Bernard Johns, Arlington. The tournament committee however The incident is recorded on pages 13- Center—Gee Jackson, Manavu. feels that outstanding players of the 16 in Pioneer Stories, compiled by Guards—Reed Oldroyd, Manavu, and 1941 tournament consisted of: Preston Nibley. Mark Tolich, Sixth-Seventh. Second Team: Forwards—Allen Weit- Harold Blaser, Logan 5th; Norman stein, Grandview, and Collins Jones, Ar- Sonne, Logan 9th; Keith Larsen, Logan lington. 9th; William Busby, Emigration; George Nuttall, 33rd Center—Don Campbell, Grandview. Grow, Emigration; L. J. Jr., duniors Guards—Glen Coon, Magna, and Nor- Ward. —<*> man Doerr, Lovell. Third Team: Forwards Jack Johnson, Mark Nichols of the General Board Gladys Harbertson, chairman; Emily H. Bennett, — Grace C. Neslen, Lueen King, Polly Hardy, of the Y. M. M. I. A. served as chair- J. Magna, and Ramson Winder, Iona. Erda Williams. Center—Jack Sprig gs, Hoytsville. man of the tournament committee and Guards Bob Nielson, Ephraim, and Bob Roy Johnson as tournament manager. — ftflAY is a festive month—a time to Toleman, Lovell. goes credit To Brother Johnson much enjoy each other, take a measure for his untiring enthusiastic service in of pride in our accomplishments, and developing interest and raising the "show off" in a very gentle, merry man- standards of vanball play. Hundreds ner. In other words, it's theme festival of Explorers throughout the Church to- month—both ward and stake. Let's Exploit day have an athletic program they can take it upon ourselves to see that — proudly call their own. cp- Juniors (as much as possible) are well M. Elmer Christensen, chairman; Mark H. Nichols, represented on these occasions. Urge Axel A. Madsen, Elwood G. Winters, Floyed G. LITTLE MOUNTAIN Eyre, John D. Giles, Dr. L. A. Stevenson. MONUMENT your committees and executives to use VANBALL them a good deal. The girls will love "being in the swim,"—and the congre- T_Ias your troop selected the rock it HThe eleventh annual Inter-Council gations will be delighted with their will contribute toward building the Vanball Tournament was held Feb- natural charm, verve, and capabilities. Explorer Monument on the summit of ruary 28 and March 1, in Salt Lake Plans are going forward for our de- Little Mountain on the Pioneer Trail? City. The Logan Ninth Ward Team partment work at June Conference. On June 8, at 5:00 p. m., all Explorer of Cache Valley Council won the Your committee feel that it will be a troops and stake representatives attend- championship for the second consecu- lovely, lively, and very helpful session. ing June Conference will participate in tive year by playing as fine a brand of At least an hour is planned for group a fitting program depositing the rocks vanball as has ever been played by Ex- discussion and another hour for a state- sent in by the troops. It is hoped that plorers. The smoothness and accuracy ment of conclusions. Besides this, we several hundred troops will be repre- displayed was indicative of long con- have a very colorful surprise in store. sented. Plan now to have a rock sent sistent training under competent leader- Plan to be with us. We're looking for- from your troop for the monument, and ship. ward to a good visit with all Junior if possible have a representative of the The second place winners, Emigra- leaders. troop bring the rock personally. tion Ward from Salt Lake Council, surprised even themselves by playing a PIONEER TRAIL TREK championship brand of ball from the beginning of the game until the finish "Explorers who plan to trek the as indicated by the final scores—15-13 J~' Pioneer Trail during the summer and 16-14. » season should make application to the D. E. Hammond, chairman; Wayne B. Hales, Other places in the championship George Stewart, John D. Giles. General Board at least two weeks prior tournament were distributed as follows to the time when the trek is to be made. CAMPING Third Place, Logan Fifth Ward, Cache A map of the trail and very important Valley Council; Fourth Place, Manchester instructions will be provided every Ex- Tf a Scouter refers to the Scout Depart- Ward, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area; plorer making the trip. 4 ment of the M. I. A. "Guide" for Fifth Place, 33rd Ward, Salt Lake Council; Before making the trek, the Explorer May, he will notice that camping is em- Sixth Place, Pocatello 5th Ward, Tendoy Council; Seventh Place, Fairview Ward, leader should make certain that a phasized. "Why camping so early?" Utah National Parks Council; Eighth Place, proper spiritual background has been he may ask. "We never get into this Ogden 7th Ward, Ogden Gateway Council. laid, for the trek is truly a sacred pil- outdoor game until July or August." 304 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

answer that nothing is well done SYDNEY MORMON COLTS, NEW SOUTH WALES We CHAMPIONS unless it is anticipated early, carefully Left to right: C. Collard, R. Hannat, F. Greene, planned, and boosted with enthusiasm W. McCall (Capt.), R. Walker, L. Bowren, J. McDonough, R. Thorup. at every opportunity. Troops that are most successful in their summer camping have developed their whole summer gram outlined for the Bee-Hive girls program around the camping idea. Early to present in their wards on the first plans are laid to get every boy in one Sunday evening in May found on page AUSTRALIAN MISSION or more camps during the summer. 88 of the Executive Manual, (see also BASKETBALL These plans should include any pro- March Era, page 175), the awards of "\17ith two state championship titles, posed overnight trek, week-end hikes, rank be given. VV special hikes, local council events, Fa- one Y. M. C. A. city victory, Under this plan the Day of the thers' and Sons' Outings, with the several lesser achievements, and the Swarm is divided in two parts. The satisfaction of having coached non- M. I. A., etc. Patrol leaders should be first part will be held on a ward basis charged with responsibilities of devising member teams during the year 1940 to at the M. I. A. Sunday Evening Serv- their credit, the departing ways and means of getting all his patrol Elders from ice in May when the spiritual program Australia made a fitting climax active, raising it to grade A standard in to years will be given by the girls, and they will uniform, camp equipment, and advance- of L. D. S. basketball activity in the receive their awards of rank; while on ment. "land underneath." the following Friday or Saturday, a Assuming now, Scouters, that every Although little news came from the Stake Swarm Buzz will be held when outlying states boy in your troop is to be in a summer of Queensland, West the pageants, programs, and fun frol- camp for one week, what are you Australia, and Tasmania, the mission- ics may be carried out. These two going to do with him? Too often, we aries there, with their eagerness to dis- events mark the beginning and close of play their ability feel our responsibility is ended when and to explain funda- Bee-Hive week. we furnish the transportation and get mentals, pioneered the sport success- Where convenient, a district gath- fully. him there. We believe that troop offi- ering should be held for the Guardians South cials, troop committee, and Scout- The Australian branch, with of the Treasure. (See Bee-Keeper's masters should be vitally concerned its success in creating friendships and Book page 176 paragraph at the top with the following essentials for good — good will during the season of 1940, of the page.) camping and good Scouting: will undoubtedly use this medium of It will be necessary to check with basketball for progress in years to 1. Adequate and efficient adult leader- the just ward Bee-Keepers as carefully come. In Victoria, the basketball state ship. as before. The new rule that only stake of the commonwealth, Elders have had 2. Adequate and safe transportation. Bee-Keepers purchase Honor Badges unbroken success since 1938. 3. Safeguards to health and safety. The 1940 should be strictly adhered to. Stake 4. Proper food and equipment. Victoria team, composed of Elders Bee-Keepers should take this matter 5. A daily program that will insure Sam Francis (Captain), Paul Francis, with at suffi- wholesome recreation and entertainment. up ward Bee-Keepers a Donald Hogan, Ray Walker, Ray ciently early date that they 6. A period each day devoted to ad- so may Walton, Jack Decker, Harold God- receive from the the designated vancement in the skills and techniques of wards dard, Delwyn Wilde, Heber Gilbert, Scouting. number of Honor Badges earned from Ray Bryan, and Elder McMullin, won each field and the money with which Too often the last of these is woefully the Y. M. C. A. competition league to purchase them. slighted and whole troops come out of without losing a match, and went on Heretofore the awards have been a week in camp without making a single to become state champions of Victoria. made to the girls by a stake or gen- In Sydney, New South Wales, the advancement. A week in camp should _^ eral board member. This may not be furnish one of the best opportunities Elders cooperated with the local young possible under the new arrangement. for advancement from rank to rank or men and formed a team known as the The ward Y. W. president or any along merit badge work. feel that Mormon Colts. The club lost the We member of the stake Y. W. board may council leaders, district commissioners, local championship in a close final be used for this ceremony and they and Scoutmasters should set up certain match but staged a comeback later by should be advised of the proper meth- advancement objectives for each boy very decisively winning the highest od of giving the awards and of the and for each troop before the camp title of the region. Bee-Hive salute. is reached, that daily checks should be —Elder D. Forrest Greene made in camp and that encouragement VICTORIAN CHAMPIONS JUNE CONFERENCE Seated on the floor: H. Gilbert, D Wilde. Second and instruction should be given where row: S. Francis (Capt.), Pres. James Judd, H. needed and that in the end a general pOR June Conference an exhibit of Goddard. Back row: McMullin, R. Walton, R. Bryan, P. Francis. summary made for the troops to see " outstanding Bee-Hive projects is and proper recognition be given. planned. This does not include Honey JUNE CONFERENCE Combs, but will emphasize hand-made programs, invitations, etc., which had PouNaL executives and district com- to do with Jubilee Year and other ^"* missioners plan for large represen- events, also handwork of any kind in- tations from your areas to the June cluding application of symbols. How- conference Scout department sessions, ever, some person from each stake Saturday, June 7. It will contain one of must be responsible for their safe re- the richest programs ever presented for turn as they cannot be mailed from the your Scout leaders. General Board office. These articles should be sent or brought to the office properly labeled by May 20th so that the exhibit may be taken care of. FIVE-YEAR SERVICE

Bertha Tingey, chairman; Ethel Anderson, Lucy "VTames of all Bee-Keepers who are Andersen, Ann C. Larson, Margaret N. Wells, ^ eligible for the Marjorie Ball, five-year service pin must be sent by the stake Bee-Keep- HPhe General Bee-Hive Committee, A ers to the General Board office by May suggest that, along with the pro- 15th. 305 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Mutual Messages Hive moves to the out-of-doors. There- Park near Portland, in Yellowstone fore it is fitting that we should this National Park, on Puget Sound in JUBILEE MEMORIES month pause to pay tribute to the new Washington, on the rim of Bryce Can- By Ileen Ann Waspe heights to which Bee-Hive has climbed yon, or in almost any canyon of Utah on the Silver Jubilee Trail. Reports and Idaho. Whether their days were /~\n historic Temple Square in Salt have now been received from 108 spent in such beautiful surrounding as ^-* Lake City stands today a new and stakes of the Church, representing 792 the girls' homes in Provo Canyon. most interesting marker—a sundial. wards, and probably 2,376 Swarms. Brighton, Mutual Dell, or Logan Can- For twenty thousand Bee-Hive girls The combined figures and reports tell yon, or whether they slept in tents or and three thousand Bee-Keepers us the following stories. just out under the stars, those 9,000 throughout the Church, this attractive Colorful tables bearing blue and gold girls are eagerly looking forward to re- granite and bronze marker stands Bee-Hive emblems, flowers, clever fa- turning to their haunts of last summer. among other historic monuments com- vors, and announcements, and 13,232 Figures alone tell the story of the memorating important events in the happy Bee-Hive girls were all part of double parties, the assembly programs, lives of the Latter-day Saint people. the pictures which tell of the 828 an- Swarm Day, and the story festivals. This sundial, bearing the inscription, nouncement buzzes. Nearly 39,000 Remaining long in our memories will "Knowledge is sun of youth's bright guests were welcomed and given an be the Honor Service. What glorious opportunity to partake of the spirit occasions they must have been in Mesa, of Bee-Hive. Arizona, and in Idaho Falls and Poca- What a variety of parties were in- tello in Idaho, where over 1,000 per- cluded in the Fun-Fests. There were sons attended the service. Phoenix 86 held on a stake basis, and 145 wards Stake in Arizona; Star Valley in Wyo- held theirs separately. Most popular ming; Taylor Stake in Canada; Carbon, was the frolic of the nations; then Juab, and North Weber stakes in came Valentine parties, a basket-lunch Utah; and Montpelier in Idaho, all re- evening, mothers' and daughters' hours, port over 500 attending. Over 7,102 candy pulls, a spaghetti party, amateur Silver Jubilee awards were presented programs, Mother-Goose parties, and at these Honor Services to girls who many dances with the Boy Scouts. have fulfilled the requirements for this Among the 60,000 who made up the special Honor Badge. audiences for the Sunday Evening ser- Preserving these glorious memories vices presented by nearly 13,000 Bee- the sundial in Salt Lake does not stand Hive Girls, were bishops, parents, and alone. A $75 monument is soon to be friends who caught a new vision of completed in Big Horn Stake; twelve outdoor fireplaces, over fifty trees and SUNDIAL ERECTED ON TEMPLE SQUARE the importance and possibilities of this BY BEE-HIVE GIRLS AND LEADERS TO great Latter-day Saint program for COMMEMORATE SILVER JUBILEE YEAR. adolescent girls. The out-of-doors was the popular day," is a symbol of the youth of Mor- setting for the May-Day breakfast. A mondom. The face of the dial is a hexa- hike and campfire breakfast seemed to gonal cell and on it appears a beehive. be the choice of most of the 5,000 girls These are insignia of the Bee-Hive who joined in this morning revelry. Girls' organization of the Church, and Canyons, parks, and meadows were all this marker, erected through the con- favored spots. In the indoors, waffle tributions of Bee-Keepers throughout breakfasts ranked first, while many the one hundred and thirty-seven stakes formal .occasions with of the Church, stands as a symbol of enjoyed more mothers and friends as guests. this great girls' movement, commemor- ates particularly the twenty-fifth anni- Then came the drive for summer versary of its founding, and symbol- camp funds—and here the real initi- izes the accomplishments of 30,000 Bee- ative of leaders and girls was shown. Hive Girls during the Silver Jubilee Whether in city or village they found year of 1940. a way. Over 5,000 girls took part in To just what extent lives have been these projects. There were innumer- enriched, friendships extended, and able sales of candy, pop-corn, pastry, experiences broadened throughout this and doughnuts. Aprons, flowers, and quilts were made and sold by other past year, we shall never know. Each OUTDOOR FIREPLACE ERECTED BY of the 137 stakes and 1,130 wards groups; baby tending was found prof- NEB0 STAKE BEE-HIVE GIRLS could tell its own story. Given below is itable as was also preparing and serv- a chart of figures. Now, figures are cold ing plate lunches. In rural communi- an equal number of shrubs, living bee- to the casual observer, but to those who ties thinning beets, picking fruit, and hives of flowers and plants, roek bee- have had the opportunity of traveling even planting and tending a potato hives, flagpoles and flags, pictures, song any part of the Silver Jubilee trail, patch proved the "value of work." books, and other memory markers these figures add up to thousands of Penny drives and silver showers were stand as enduring tributes to girls, their happy hours spent on Bee-Hive trails used by some as more direct methods leaders, and the opportunities of this in the out-of-doors, of gracious hours for obtaining the help they needed to year. meeting friends and guests, of busy enable all of them to participate in the Rich indeed are the Jubilee mem- hours in service projects, of profitable summer camp. ories, and as the sundial on Temple hours adding to the worthwhile experi- And how worthwhile those efforts Square may mark off the hours, and ences of life. proved to be. Reports show that nearly time somewhat dim our memories, there May Day again begins Bee-Hive 9,000 girls spent two days or two weeks will stand in cities and canyons these week—a week in which Bee-Hive in a summer camp. While the girls of markers which will bespeak the ac- Girls and leaders throughout the stakes Canada were at Waterton Lakes, oth- complishments of twenty-five years of and missions of the Church pause to ers were in the White Mountains of Bee-Hive activity and serve as an in- acknowledge the accomplishments of Arizona, Griffith Park on the outskirts spiration to guide us on to new heights the past year and then turn eagerly to- of Los Angeles, at a Desert Ranch in along the Bee-Hive trail, to which there wards the summer months when Bee- Southern California, in Eagle Fenn is no summit. (Concluded on page 307) 306 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

Raymond W. Young, Ririe, Idaho; Wilford ray, Utah; Elda Hepworth, Grover, Wyo- MUTUAL MESSAGES W. Goodwill, Salt Lake; Robert P. Kirk- ming; Oscar N. Kirkham, Salt Lake; man, Twin Falls, Idaho; Frank D. Sanford, Richard Pettit, Los Angeles, California. page J. {Concluded from 306) Springville, Utah; Ned Curtis. Bisbee, Ari- North Central States: Foster M. Bar- zona. BEEHIVE SILVER JUBILEE ACTIVITIES rus, Afton, Wyoming; Loretta Bowman, Canadian: Charles N. Ackroyd, Magrath, Logandale, Nevada; Norman R. Gulbrand- Canada; Jennie W Archibald, Sandy, Utah; sen, Salt Lake; Ernest D. Hansen, Dewey- Baker, Leavitt, Canada; Mar- -o.!£ -n.!£ Edna R. ville, Utah; Leslie W. Jones, Jr., Evanston, M-.E guerite Bushman, Salt Lake, Stanley P. Wyoming; LeGrand E. Morris, Rosette, Events IS Remarks 1- Of *- i- n. -a a,.— Gordon, Tucson, Arizona; Lloyd F. Chris- Utah; Farrell A. Nelson, Stirling, Canada; -a n S3 " Er tensen, Boise, Idaho; Alf B. Claridge, Saf- Elias H. Smith, Linden, Arizona; Alvera i£ = n J. z « z m Z a. ford, Arizona; Loren C. Covington, Hur- Teeples, Firth, Idaho; Esther W. Thorup, ricane, Utah; Francis W. Ericksen, Coeur Announcement Guests Attend- Salt Lake. ing: 38,676 d Alene, Idaho; Marie M. Howell, Ephraim, Buzz 26 830 13,432 Salem, Utah; Hazel Kitchen, Provo, Utah; Gurney Northern States: Fred E. Hanks, Kun Fest 87 145 12,853 Layton, Utah; W. Lee, Paradise, Utah; Amuel L. Mineer, Utah; Clyde R. Hansen, Attendance: Hansen, St. Anthony, Idaho; Sunday Evening St. Johns, Arizona; Mary E. Rasmussen, Sarah M. Service 4 706 12,877 59,889 Grace, Idaho; Idaho Falls, Idaho; Janeth Russell, Colum- Merril D. Hubbard, LaVere Camp Fund bus, Ohio; Seth Saurey, Rexburg, Idaho; E. Johns, Fairview, Wyoming; Walder W. 13 418 5,338 J. Drive Norman D. Southgate, Bala, Pennsylvania; Johnson, Shelley, Idaho; LaVon Jones, Attendance: Cedar City, Utah; Virginia Knell, New Swarm Day 92 91 12,700 20,105 George I. Summers, Rexburg, Idaho; Frank W. Taylor, Raymond, Canada. Castle, Utah; Beryl Kunzler, Rosette, Utah; May Day Elden Jessie Larson, Burley, Idaho; Mil- Breakfast 7 402 5,322 Central States: Samuel O. Bennion, dred Page, Payson, Utah; Rex L. Pond, Memory Cokeville, Wyoming; Herman C. Blamires, Lewiston, Utah; Bennett J. Rasmussen, Marker 14 286 4,486 Kaysville, Utah; Edwin L. Casady, San Magrath, Canada; Howard C. Ririe, Lewis- Francisco, Cal.; Alvin N. Christensen, Summer Camp 46 330 8,752 ton, Utah; Zara Sabin, Bountiful, Utah; Vaughn, Montana; William M. Cox, Pine Children Enter- Dean L. Stolworthy, Blackfoot, Idaho; Story Festival 14 252 2,939 tained: 6,675 Valley, Utah; Erick E. Erickson, Salt Jr., Emily F. Therning, Bluebell, Utah; Dorrell Lake; Max Laub, Tremonton, Utah; Double Party 17 467 11,227 W. C. Vickers, Nephi, Utah; Annona P. Charles W. McConkie, Vernal, Utah; Assembly Wright, Salt Lake. Program 4 457 11,197 Chester L. Olsen, Provo, Utah; Eldon Pace, Price, Utah; Robert Pearce, Salt Lake; Northwestern States: Chlo Olive Ander- Honor Service 74 517 7,400 Attendance: 21,794 Glen S. Rawlings, Preston, Idaho; Howard son, Logan, Utah; Sylvia Burton, Mary G. Silver Jubilee F. Rawlins, Lewiston, Utah; Barnard H. Gudmundsen, Salt Lake; Von Frederick Awards: 7,102 Seegmiller, St. George, Utah; Parley T. Hoyt, Orderville, Utah; Horace D. Hun- .—-• Swainston, Preston, Idaho; John H. Woffin- saker, Honeyville, Utah; Clinton B. Jensen, den, Spanish Fork, Utah. Fort Shaw, Montana; Van Dee Livingston, Utah; Grace Maurer, Gard- The Church Moves On East Central States: Arthur C. Ander- Fountain Green, son, Rexburg, Idaho; Bryant C. Behrman, iner, Montana; Sewell P. Porter, Preston, {Concluded from page 287) Tiffany, Colorado; Dean M. Call, Burley, Idaho; Fay F. Reber, Hurricane, Utah; Idaho; Ross L. Covington, Rexburg, Idaho; Carl L. Taylor, Ogden, Utah; Mark J. Pocatello First Ward, Pocatello Stake, Lavon K. Elison, Blackfoot, Idaho; Mary Udy, Jr., Fielding, Utah; John G. Yorgason, Grant Stowell succeeds Birdwell Finlayson. C. Erickson, Salt Lake; Rachel L. Fowers, Fountain Green, Utah. Clarkston Ward, Smithfleld Stake, J. Ogden, Utah; Leah Gruwell, Lordsberg, Byron Ravston succeeds Seymour Thomp- Southern States: Harold B. Anderson, New Mexico; Arthur T. Hansen, Idaho son. Lynwood, California; Don V. Breinholt, Falls, Idaho; Vern Manassa, Ephraim North Ward, South Sanpete H. Jensen, Salt Lake; Orson T Casper, Rigby, Idaho; Colorado; Jacob S. Kellersberger, Afton, Stake, Evan Erickson succeeds Ora L. Gladen G. Dalton, Hurricane, Utah; James Wyoming; Charles F. Little, Salt Lake; Hansen. W. Distefano, Tabiona, Utah; Melba Flake, Van Lybbert, Glenwood, Canada; Raymond Second Ward, Taylor Stake, J. Snowflake, Arizona; Gwendolyn Gibbie, Marcell Pitcher, Cornish, Utah; Stewart Leslie L. Palmer succeeds James H. Walker. Claresholm, Canada; William D. Hollist, Riding, Provo, Utah; Glen Sagers, Baltimore Branch, Washington Stake, Jr.; Sugar City, Idaho; Harold N. Judd, Tooele, Utah; Andrew B. Shumway, Charles S. Hatch succeeds Juan Lynn. Burley, Idaho; John G. Knudsen, Salt Lake; J. Treasureton, Idaho; Ralph Tingey, Cen- Torrey Ward, Wayne Stake, James C. J. Ferral A. Massey, Vernal, Utah; Paul M. terville, Utah. Huntsman succeeds E. Pectol. Morris, Carl O. Peterson, and Paul F. Adams Ward, Hollywood Stake, Jay Hawaiian: Mar Dale Hutchins, Arcadia, Royall, Salt Lake; Lional G. Simmons, Grant succeeds B. H. Peacock. California; Douglas H. Pack, George W. Charleston, Utah; Harry E. Snow, Orange- Parleys Ward, Highland Stake, Frank- Poulsen, Jr., Gerrit Timmerman, Jr., and ville, Utah; Wiley T. Stockett, Jr., Hever, Jaqueline L. Timmerman, Salt Lake; Stewart Arizona; Richard Stromness, Salt Lake; lin J. Murdock succeeds Joseph E. Kjar. J. Tooele Third Ward, Tooele Stake, M. Winegar, Woods Cross, Utah. LaRue E. Thurston, Provo, Utah; John F. George E. Nelson succeeds N. Howard Japanese: Franklin K. Hunter, Ogden, Wesche, Salt Lake; Herbert N. Williams, Jensen. Utah. Weston, Idaho; Robert M. Wilson, Toronto, Mexican: William E. Beecroft, Colonia Canada; Eldon F. Zundel, Plymouth, Utah.

Roll Call of Missionaries Chuichupa, Mexico; Claudius Bowman, Jr., Spanish-American: Dellis B. Johnson, Recently Released Colonia Dublan, Mexico; Beth Brown, Marysville, California; Rae S. Jones, Colonia Chuichupa, Mexico; Edward C. Modesto, California; Ila Loveland, Boise, II^issionaries released in March and Bunker, Provo, Utah; Arthur C. Pierce, Idaho; Winfeld H. Mackay, Cypress, Cali- El Paso, fornia; Wilmer P. those not previously reported ap- Texas, May, Kane Wyoming; Nell Schaerrer, Payson, Utah; Ivan Stahle, pear on the following Era "Honor Eastern States: Percy G. Anderson, Grover, Park City, Utah; Mae Thomas, Boise, Idaho. Roll": Wyoming; Susan B. Ashby, Amer- ican Fork, Utah; Clawson C. Bowman, Los Texas: Elnation J. Christofferson, Lehi, Argentine: Verden E. Bettillyou and Angeles, California; Jack I. Carlson, Char- Utah; James B. Cook, Rexburg, Idaho; Paul Lloyd, Salt Lake; Ernest Wilkins, leston, Utah; Glen H. Cornwall, Murray, Gladys B. Durfee, Lovell, Wyoming; Elden

Mesa, Arizona. Utah; Marion J. Evertsen, Venice, Cali- S. Garner, Ogden, Utah; Jesse Gibb and California: George R. Biesinger, Salt fornia; Grant D. Fridal, Tremonton, Utah; Lula Frank Gibb, Hill Spring, Canada; Earl Lake; Delmer W. Braegger, Providence, Thomas R. Gibbons, Jerome, Idaho; Ben- H. Kendell, Evan F. Skeen, Ogden, Utah; Utah; Virginia Call, Ogden, Utah; Merrill jamin W. Matkin, Magrath, Canada; Claude Mark L. Webster, Rexburg, Idaho. B. Colton, Roosevelt, Utah; Evan K. Erick- Pomeroy, Mesa, Arizona; Karl D. Reeder, Western States: Jesse L. Adamson, son, Ephraim, Utah; George S. Henderson, Brigham City, Utah; Acel W. Richardson, American Fork, Utah; Donna Bigelow, A. James Keddington, Salt Lake; Ted R. Salt Lake; Wallace S. Sorenson, Richfield, Payson, Utah; Alfred H. Buxton, Lewiston, Kindred, Springville, Utah; Merlin R. Mis- Utah; William M. Taylor, Lewisville, Utah; Donald C. Evans, Monticello, Utah; kin, Ucon, Idaho; Marion Nelson, Cardston, Idaho; Austin L. Timpson, Jr., Salt Lake; Wanda Fullmer, St. Anthony, Idaho; Forest John I. Walker, Vernal, Utah; Samuel M. Canada; Norman L. Perry, Deweyville, J. Hirschi, Sugar City, Idaho; Phyllis Mad- Utah; Lily O. Peterson, Preston, Nevada; White, Morgan, Utah; David P. Young, sen, Idaho Falls, Idaho; Wallace A. Nielsen, Mildred L. Schwantes, Douglas, Arizona; Heber, Utah. Paul, Idaho; John C. Van der Meyden, Ralph M. Wilkins, Mountain Home, Utah; New England: Garth L. Gehring, Mur- Compton, California. 307 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 DORTHEA THE BOUNTIFUL — (Concluded from page 278) too?" But he did not interfere ex- "Good—so good " she spoke in cept to insist that she stay the night her tardy English, and her strong stockings before winter. There was with Ole's folks by the post office. hands stroked the leaves, the vine, butter to trade for it plenty. — Dorthea agreed, meanwhile smooth- as though it were a living creature. till in the winter," was the "Not ing her soft, bright hair beneath her "Would you like to have a grape- answer. "Who has time for town white kerchief. Then she wrapped vine—to grow?" he questioned. The this fine weather with fall again in the baby and herself in the great red light in her eyes was her answer plowing?" shawl, thus tying him to her back, even before her quick fingers felt out Dorthea returned to her brooding. caught up her basket of butter and the little grape "at the feet" of which There might be a little grapevine at was off across the September prai- she had dreamed. the feet—or even a bit cut off. She ries. Her heart was determined, and As Dorthea strode homeward the was sure the grocer would give her her feet were swift and strong. next morning, the heavy baby at her a little bit cut off. But to wait till She stood in the late afternoon, shoulder was like a feather, so strong next spring to plant—a whole half hot and tired, but not discouraged, was her spirit to be carrying the first year. . . . at the grocer's counter. The butter little live grapevine to her valley. For several days Dorthea was had been traded and the yarn was busier than ever. She did a double in her basket, but still she lingered. In twenty years it clothed the Cot- churning and worked the sweet but- At last the grocer asked what more tonwood beneath which it was ter into firm oval pats marked by her he might do for her. In almost a planted, spanned the store-room deft paddle with tiny fir trees. She whisper she spoke of the grapevine. roof, and topped the chimney of baked and made a great pot of stew Was there still fruit upon it? Might the summer kitchen. Hans decided, rich with meat and spice. She sent she see it? The grocer walked with many times, to cut it back; but though the little boys scurrying on many her around his building and down Dorthea permitted deft pruning,

errands and gave them careful in- the little path to where it grew, shel- ( that the fruit might not suffer ) the structions about geese and chicken tered from the winds by a tiny clump tip-top tendrils were never frus- feeding. of Norway pine. Opening his trated. Up and up it climbed in Then one clear, cool morning she pocket knife, he cut a couple of ripe willful prodigality. Neighbors, yes, rose very early and told Hans that clusters for her and waited her ap- even strangers, shared the purple she was going to walk to town to proval. Silently she plucked and bounty of her vine, but Dorthea trade butter for, "much more yarn." ate. He sensed her delight, but felt never thought to tell them how it Hans muttered, "Maybe grapes, that there was something more. came to flourish there.

LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AND THE SMALL HOME (Continued from page 277) a view on the street. The living- property. Thus as much as 20% of affect the resulting impression. Usu- room, dining-room and bedrooms the entire lot is often given over to ally the house occupies a position need not face in this direction in most this purpose, a needless waste. The somewhere near the center of the instances. This has been a very shorter the driveway the more space picture (not necessarily the center common practice in the past, but can be given over to other purposes. there is no justification for it under The service areas can usually be of the lot ) . This satisfies a peculiarly human desire for balance and under modern conditions. separated or screened from the outdoor living space. Such elements normal circumstances proves most The "Service Area" practical. Other objects may then as the driveway and garage cannot be arranged to improve this balance, "M"ext for consideration are the usually be screened or separated to enframe the house, to harmonize service areas. These commonly from the approach, but they can to at least its vertical lines with the strong hori- consist of the driveway, drying yard some extent be made to har- zontal lines of the ground, and often for laundry, and often a service monize with it. to provide agreeable contrast. court. The service areas are con- Outdoor Living Space As the house is the most import- cerned with the utilitarian aspects ant element contributing to the ap- of living and should relate to cor- "M"ow let us consider the third proach scene, so the entrance is com- responding elements within the fundamental element, the out- monly the most important visible house; the drying yard to laundry door living space, traditionally feature of the house and may require room, service court to kitchen and known to Americans as the "back the additional accent of trees or garage, driveway to garage and yard." In rural homes it is com- shrubs, especially in the event that (often) basement. monly a transition zone between the architectural treatment has not There is much to be said for the house and the fields or the barnyard. tended to emphasize it. In passing, attached garage. Though not al- In modern suburban homes it is a it should be pointed out that the ap- ways workable, it is often the most unit in itself devoted to the recre- proach element of the home is often, satisfactory arrangement for this ational and creative needs of the if not usually, adjacent to the street element. Common acceptance among family. These needs may take two and is thus subject to the gaze of American home owners of the theory forms, active and passive. the public. While the owner may that garages must always be ugly Active recreation may take the desire that his home present a pleas- has resulted almost universally in form of sports for children or grown- ing picture to the passerby, it does delegating the garage to the rear of ups, cooking and eating outdoors, not follow that he must expose his the lot where it is least visible. This gardening, and manual labor of vari- private life to public view or be dis- necessarily requires the driveway ous sorts. Naturally, sports must tracted by the restless character of to traverse the entire length of the be a limited form. Passive activities 308 ) —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 Landscape Architecture EVIDENCES AND RECONCILIATIONS and the Small ( Concluded from page 289 were discussing a theory, subject to Home In essence these two eminent ex- frequent and fundamental change, perimenters and thinkers are in the civilized world would have been consist of reading, walking, may agreement. Future basic changes in spared much unseemly behavior. talking, painting, studying, playing the doctrine of evolution may well Again the warning: Distinguish table games, others. and many be expected. clearly between facts and the infer- For the passive activities, espe- Had the proponents as well as the ences from facts. cially when mental concentration is opponents of evolution, as a whole Certainly, it is a mistake to accept involved, a quiet, pleasant, comfort- or in part, kept in mind that they theories in building faith in anything, able is to sought environment be from religion to our every-day life where distracting factors are re- THE SOWER pursuit. /. A. W. duced to a minimum. An area de- — voted to this purpose has much in By C. Frank Steele common with living-room, dining- With sure stride and a buoyant heart, THE ADVERTISERS room, and bedrooms and may be A hand that moves with rhythmic Will Find directly related to some or all of sweep, and Where You He sprays the seed over the warming earth them. It should, if possible, be sep- Sowing today that tomorrow he may reap. Their Messages arated from or screened from such Love lights the sower's eye, love for the Alexandria Hotel ..„ 309 elements as the kitchen, driveway, friendly soil; Beneficial Life Insurance Co -garage, street, drying yard, and any Faith fills his heart although his lips are - Back Cover areas devoted to the more active or mute; Bennett Glass and Paint Co 315 noisy forms of recreation. It Beauty he sees adorning the spacious skies, Bluhill Cheese Company 263 And the wind to his ear is a shepherd's lute. Borden's St. Charles Evaporated is also usually desirable to screen it Milk 290 feels the kinship of worlds, the strength from the neighboring developments He Brigham Young University 312 of toil; unless this interferes with fine dis- Cloverleaf Dairy Company 292 Here is a full content, here the soul is set Continental Oil Company 263 tant views. A hedge or shrub border free; Daynes Music Company 292, 312 will serve the purpose admirably. Life he beholds clothed in the seed he sows: Deseret News Press 318 Life in the clod at his feet, in the newly- This area is then more suited than Eimco Company 259 wakened tree. any other in the small home for Glade Candy Company 315 flowers. Planted in beds or borders Globe Grain & Milling Co 260, 290 Hall's Canker Remedy 309 at the edges of the area, their bright Heinz, H. J. Co 257 colors show off to advantage in front BODES Hovey Press 313 of a dark green background of "R^TT^WT.DUU^jni. HIGHEST prices paid for KSL Inside Back Cover . . books, L Di S pamph- L. D. S. Business College 319 shrubs. Small shade trees in this lets. Western Americana, etc. We are in Lankershim Hotel 309 area prove a boon in the summer constant touch with all national book markets which guarantees higher prices McCune School of Music 262 time. lor you. Mountain Fuel Supply Company..316 T\, Fine stock of rare and hard-to- In concluding, let it Cf\T be repeated &>****** get Church works. Western Mountain States Implement Co...261 for emphasis that the three funda- items. Literary Guild, Book-of-the-Month Ogden School of Beauty Culture..309 Club and other popular books at bargain Par Soap 317 mental elements to be considered are prices. Purex Corporation, Ltd 291 the the service area, Drop in and browse anytime you're in approach, and town or write concerning books you're Purity Biscuit Company 265 the outdoor living space. Each area interested in. Quish School of Beauty Culture._292 performs a definite function or group WILSON'S Rose, Ford T 317 Baking of functions which tends to conflict BOOK EXCHANGE Royal Company 264 113 E. 2nd South Salt Lake City Safeway Stores, Inc with the functions of the other areas. References furnished on request. Inside Front Cover Therefore, it is desirable to separate Standard Oil of California 311 or screen them as much as possible BOOKS- Star-Kist Tuna 263 Pacific Stages one from another. That this is not Union 265 Utah Engraving Company 317 always possible is evident in the case IN LOS ANGELES Utah Oil Refining Co 313 of the driveway and garage which dr* Utah Poultry Prod. Coop. Assn...292 are usually visible from the approach. Utah Power & Light Co 310 When this is true, every attempt Vano Household Cleaner 262 Wakefield, Emma, "Through the should be made to harmonize the 5th at Spring Years" 300 conflicting units. Above all, sim- Tariff from $2.50 Wasatch Chemical 264 plicity and directness contribute to Wheeler. Reynolds & Stauffer....310 unity and a sense of logical organi- Recognized Utah Headquarters in Wilson's Book Exchange 309 Los Angeles zation. Good organization in turn CLAYTON V. SMITH. Managing Director pays big dividends in more abundant Formerly of Salt Lake City living. ENROLL NOW IN USE For OVER FIFTY YEARS (Commence Later if Desired) $25. Discount on a Complete LOS ANGELES Aids in treatment of Canker, simple COURSE IN BEAUTY CULTURE sore throat and other minor mouth A State Accredited School Hotel Lankershim throat irritations. 7TH BROADWAY and I School of Beauty Culture $2.50 $3.00 JJ.50 Ogden "No Bargaining- Over Egyptian Theatre OGDEN, UTAH No Worry" LOS ANGELES Hall's Canker Remedy Frank Wijhon, Operator Name - - — 536 East 2nd So. at Salt Lake City, Utah Address City State ...„ — 309 )

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

then said only, "I never thought I LOOKING BACK SIXTY YEARS would see you again." As he spoke [Continued from page 281 his name, Lindsay Witt, the occasion on which I last saw him came to mind. It was he and a neigh- Tn Winston-Salem, North Carolina, there in colonial days as religious my bor of his, William McDaniel, who the big tobacco center of the refugees. The meeting was crowded. had stood between me and my com- United States, a large meeting was At the conclusion of this meeting panion and a mob at a little school- held. Winston-Salem consists of two a great number of people came up house in Stokes County, North adjoining cities which have over- and shook hands and assured me of Carolina, almost forty years before. grown each other's boundaries and their appreciation of my efforts in be- are now combined into one munici- half of the war bonds. In the line was Not long before I arrived in the pality. Salem is an old Moravian an old man with a very long white Southern States as a young man, town in which live the descendants beard. As he reached me he looked Elders Jonas N. Beck and Alex- of a band of Moravians who went earnestly and searchingly at me and ander Spence, who immediately preceded me in the mission, were driven from a meeting in this same school- house by a boisterous mob which Gone, But Not Forgotten! came out of the woods, shouting and shooting, and drove the Elders "No! —The assessor and the tax collector away in great haste. The mob cannot forget me, even though I bring noth- threatened to shoot and kill any ing in return for my owner's investment. Mormon Elder who attempted to I once boasted of my enormous crops and hold a meeting there again. Upon extra quality prices, but after a single planting of impure seed, noxious perennial weeds, the occasion in which Lindsay Witt Morning Glory, Knapweed, White Top and came to my aid, it had been adver-

Treat small infections of perennial weeds, Poison Oak, Barberry, There were only two members of Wild Blackberry and other noxious growths; prevent spreading. the Church in this community, the Ask for Circular 212, Complete Information on Eradication methods. wife of Lindsay Witt, a carpenter, and the wife of William McDaniel, WHEELER, REYNOLDS'* STAUFFER, 636 California St, San Francisco who was what was known as a "two-horse farmer" and, conse- Distributors Wasatch Chemical Co., Salt Lake City and Branches — quently, a respected man in the community. As the mob approached, these two men went forward to meet and induce them to leave without 73,000 FAMILIES USE molesting us. The mob were ob- durate but William McDaniel said

to them: "If you harm these men, I ELECTRIC REFRIGERATION shall spend the worth of my farm in prosecuting you." This threat, from in the Territory We Serve! a man of some consequence in the locality, together with the efforts of Mr. Witt, was effective in dispersing the mob, and we were enabled to if] It's a popular service because it proceed with our meeting, and were not thereafter disturbed in that part of the country. costs so little and does so much. As I grasped the hand of Lindsay Witt, these recollections crowded

through my mind. I said to him I was anxious to talk to him further See Your Electrical Dealer and held on to him with my left hand, but the crowd came by in such numbers that he got away, and although I made a great effort that evening UTAH POWER & LIGHT CO. and the next day to locate him, both personally and through the efforts of those in charge of men there, I was 310 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

LOOKING BACK SIXTY YEARS January 27, 1882, baptized Edward M. Green and his wife Martha. not able to do so. He vanished with- Church in South Carolina. I urged After giving intructions to them, the out a trace. I subsequently wrote that they persist in their efforts. Elders walked in their wet clothes President Callis about him, but he They wrote to me telling of the hard- about four miles to the home of John was unable to locate him. ships they endured, traveling for Gordon, whose family, learning of days without any prospects of suc- the baptisms just performed, insisted As my missionary labors process. They were footsore, and on being baptized. Thereupon, by ceeded, I was strongly impressed "Elder Easton had big holes in his the light of pine torches, in the cold with the desire to carry the Gospel heels from walking," according to and with ice upon the ground, they into South Carolina. As the result of their report. baptized John Gordon, his wife, and an even more vivid and impressive They finally landed in York David Wells and his wife, at about dream, in which was depicted the County, where they labored success- eight or nine o'clock at night. The existence of a branch of the Church fully in the neighborhood of York- new members were also confirmed. in South Carolina, I was led to ville, near Kings Mountain, and on (Concluded on page write to mission president John 312) Morgan to ask for the privilege of going to South Carolina. There was much anti-Mormon prejudice in the South at that time, mostly inspired, as I afterwards learned, by religion- / ists. Ku Klux Klan brutalities were glQf^S$n$nMtfMttmt. terrible and frequent, and it was only shortly after my arrival in the field in 1879, that Brother Joseph Stand- ing had been killed in Georgia by a mob before the eyes of his companion, now President Rudger Clawson, whose life also hung by a thread. A clipping containing an account of this tragedy was handed to me at the close of the first meeting we held on my first trip out of Surrey County to the southwest by a man who doubtless intended it to serve as a warning.

Tn answer to my request, President Morgan answered saying that he was afraid of the "hot bloods" in South Carolina and thought it best for us not to go there. I persisted in asking the privilege. He finally sent me additional missionaries with permission, if I thought it wise, to D,"RIVE as hard as you like send two of them into South Caro- on your spring motoring runs, lina. RPM Motor Oil will give you all the protection you need and I selected Elder Willard C. Bur- then some . It keeps all its lubri- ton, now Patriarch in the Gran- cating body in the face of the ite Stake and eighty-three years highest engine speeds and tem- of age, whose integrity, judgment, peratures—never gives friction and worth I well knew, from our life a chance— holds bearing and association in the same ward in Salt cylinder wear to the rock- Lake City, and Easton, of John M. bottom low. As for mileage, Beaver City, as being especially fit- "RPM" lasts as long as or ted for the work. left Brother They longer than any other oil, East- Lindsay's in Burke County, North ern or Western. Why not switch Corolina, on November 19, 1881, to "RPM"-right now? for South Carolina. They were instructed to travel until they found an encouraging field of labor, which I was convinced they would find, and therein would be organized a branch of the Church in South Carolina, in harmony with my dream. I related my dream to Gmtlcak0teMiefc7MofoOi£ Elders Burton and Easton, and assured them that I was satisfied that we would have a branch of the STANDARD OIL COMPANY OF CALIFORNIA 31! :

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

LOOKING BACK SIXTY YEARS if '99 Concluded from page 311) 'Y' ( Elders Burton and Easton contin- locality. At the organization of that Summer Quarter ued their labors and performed more branch, we ordained Edward M. baptisms. Brother Burton reported Green an Elder, and John Gordon Visiting Experts that "all these members were as- and William Nelson Gordon as sembled in the home of William Priests." Dr. H. G. Hullfish, Nelson Gordon, on March 3, 1882, The next year, 1882, President Educator Ohio where in less than four months, Morgan separated the work in South Supt. F. R. Wegner, we organized a branch of the Carolina from the North Carolina New York Educator Church in South Carolina, which Conference by creating the South Dr. Philo M. Buck, was called the Kings Mountain Carolina Conference with Elder Author and Critic Branch. We were successful in Burton as conference president. Dr. Daryl Chase, baptizing the secretary, chorister, the South Carolina became one of the Director L. D. S. Institute, deacon in fact, nearly all the mem- large conferences of the Southern Tucson, Ariz. — bers of the Baptist Church in that States Mission. President Hyrum Manwar- ing. Ricks College

Dr. J. C. Moffitt, Provo Educator TEXCOTZINGO

Dr. J. O. Ellsworth, [Continued from page 275) Texas Economist E. C. Dent, his day and sought to convert the The hill "was laid out in terraces, or Visual Instruction Expert people back to the simpler and hanging gardens, having a flight of steps Roth Quartette, five hundred and twenty in number, many gentler faith of their great prede- (Roth, Weinstock, Shaier, Edel, of them hewn in the natural porphyry. In cessors, the Toltecs. believed in will teach and play concerts) He the garden on the summit was a reservoir an all-powerful, invisible deity, "the of water fed by an aqueduct that was car- Dr. Lorin F. Wheelwright, unknown God, the Cause of causes, ried over hill and valley for several miles Stanley Chappie, Ernest on huge buttresses of masonry. A large with whom the souls of the righteous Wolff, Andor Foldes, rock stood in the midst of this basin, sculp- Music dwell after death." To this God he tured with the hieroglyphics representing temple the usual the years of Nezahualcoyotl's reign his Floyd Cornaby, Glen Tur- erected a great on and pyramidal base in which no image principal achievements in each. On a lower ner, level were three other reservoirs, in each was allowed, as being unsuited to Art of which stood a marble statue of a woman, the Invisible God, and in which it emblematic of the three states of the Empire. 240 Courses in 33 Depart- was prohibited to profane the altar Another tank contained a winged lion, cut ments with blood or any other sacrifice out of the solid rock, bearing in its mouth than scented gums or incense and the portrait of the Emperor. From these Varied Recreation Program copious basins the water was distributed flowers. in numerous channels through the gardens, • "Let us all aspire to that heaven or was made to tumble over the rocks in cascades, shedding refreshing dews on the First Term: where all is eternal and corruption cannot come. The horrors of the flowers and odoriferous shrubs below. In June 9—July 18 the depths of this fragrant wilderness, mar- tomb," he says in one of his odes, ble porticoes and pavilions were erected, Alpine Term: "are but the cradle of the sun, and and baths excavated in the solid porphyry.

July 21—August 23 the dark shadows of death are bril- . . . The visitor descended by steps cut in liant lights for the stars." the living stone and polished so bright as to reflect like mirrors. Towards the Nezahualcoyotl was a great base of Brigham Young University the hill, in the midst of cedar groves, whose builder, fond of magnificence, which gigantic branches threw a refreshing cool- PROVO, UTAH was shown in his numerous villas ness over the verdure in the sultriest sea- "embellished with all that could sons of the year, rose the royal villa, with its light arcades and airy halls, drinking make a rural retreat delightful." The in the sweet perfumes of the garden." accounts of the extraordinary architecture cannot be confirmed from ven as early as the sixteenth cen- modern Texcoco itself; for the an- p ORGANS cient city was so utterly destroyed tury a Spanish observer reported Agents for reed and pipe organs specially the Spaniards that scarcely a the palace at Texcotzingo to be fast suited for L. D. S. Churches, including the new by electro-pneumatic two-manual organ. Special vestige remains. However, some falling into ruins and decay; and prices. Call for demonstration or write for catalogues. relics of the monarch's kingdom per- today the hill and surroundings pre- DAYNES MUSIC CO. sist, especially at Texcotzingo, a hill sent a rather bleak appearance. a few miles east of the present We solicit your patronage town Enough remains, however, to enable of Texcoco on which he had his 47 So. Main St. Salt Lake City the sufficiently interested antiquarian favorite summer palace with its fa- to reconstruct in imagination some- mous hanging gardens. Texcotzingo thing of the glory of the past even SEND THE ERA was graphically described by Ix- trees flowers tlilxochitl, himself a descendant of though the and and the to your friends and loved ones Nezahualcoyotl. Of his account the cascades that watered them long ago away—and keep them close to following extract is from Prescott's disappeared along with the palace. home. translation The relics still lying on the surface 312 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 TEXCOTZINGO

or partially exposed confirm as far stone blocks, and the surface was the visitor who is alert and unhurried as they go the plan and general originally covered with a stucco or in his visit will be rewarded by lo- architecture of the splendid villa as cement of which part still remains. cating various other relics that will described by early writers, even Stone steps cut in the native rock lead contribute toward a mental recon- though indicating some exaggera- down to the bath. Above this bath struction of this villa, most beloved tions on their part. are still plainly seen parts of the orig- by Nezahualcoyotl, the villa to which inal aqueduct which may be traced he retired more and more in his In following the road running along the ridge joining Texcotzingo later years. While outside the southeast from Texcoco, one travels to the neighboring hills from which itinerary of the average tourist, the about three miles to arrive at the the water supply formerly came al- serious student of pre-Columbian little village of San Nicolas, which though the huge buttresses referred history and antiquities will find a lies at the very base of Texcotzingo to in early accounts are not now very visit to Texcotzingo and some neigh- hill. From here one may follow a evident. boring ruins stimulating and re- footpath which winds through pleas- In addition to the ruins indicated, warding. ant orchards to a well-preserved ar- tificial terrace somewhat more than half-way up the hill and entirely en- circling the latter. From this terrace the more important relics can be easily reached or seen. From this terrace, also one obtains in three directions a fine view over the valley that must have delighted the monarch and his guests in the days before the lakes were drained and the country denuded of its once mag- nificent forests.

In following the course indicated, one first comes upon the best preserved of the sanctuaries or chapels. This is a room cut out of the solid stone and facing west. Steps carved out of the rock are well preserved as shown in the accompanying photographs taken by the author during a visit made in 1938. On the floor of the room is a low altar left in relief when the sanctuary was excavated. On the southeast side of the hill is found one of three baths still well- preserved. It is hollowed out of the natural rock, the cavity being cylin- drical in form with an elevation left as a seat at the middle of the floor. It adds to the pleasure of your trip when From the bath a long flight of nar- you know your car is O. K. for the long drive. row steps carved in solid stone lead up to the terrace level on one side, Our experienced service men will make a flight of broader steps on the other, sure all these vital items are properly taken as shown in the photographs.

A second bath is now fully ex- care of: posed on the southwest side and is considerably larger than the first Specialized Lubrication of the one. It has in the middle of the chassis. larger excavation a smaller excava-

Oil at proper level . . . tion with a stone seat, as in the case Motor the of the other bath. The walls of the fresh clean Vico supplied if larger cavity are in part built up of needed. Tires inspected and correctly in- flated.

DANCE PROGRAMS Battery tested . . . Spark-plugs MADE TO ORDER Any shape, size or design at low prices. We tested. have many styles you may choose from. Write for samples and prices. Pep 88 Gasoline supplied. 100 Tickets $1.25—500 for $2.50 Drive in at the familiar HOVEY PRESS Stations Everywhere in Utah and Idaho Vico - Pep 88 sign. Phone 3-0617 25 East North Temple Salt Lake City

313 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 FROM OUT NEW ENGLAND

(Concluded from page 272) as the chief cornerstone. We dedicate the praise for the Memorial grounds and base, as typifying the rock of revelation for the Mormon people. This land- and he was subsequently appointed on which Thy Church is built. We dedicate mark of Vermont is an outstanding to carry out these plans. the die, with its inscriptions, as appropriate to the whole design. We dedicate the cap- missionary for the Church. We stone as a sign of the glorious crown that should take pride in it. many interesting incidents in HPhe Thy servant Joseph has secured unto him- the obtaining, moving, and erec- self through his integrity to Thy cause, Untold credit for the beauty of tion of the monument form indeed a and of that similar reward which shall the place must go to Brother and grace the head of each of his faithful fol- thrilling episode. The shaft is the Sister Angus J. Cannon, who are in lowers. We dedicate the spire, as a token world's largest piece of polished charge of the property and who live of the inspired man of God Whom thou the throughout the year. granite. It weighs forty tons and is didst make indeed a polished shaft in Thine at home thirty-eight and one half feet long, hand, reflecting the light of heaven, even They have spent some thirteen years a foot for each year of the prophet's Thy glorious light, unto the children of men. at the Memorial Home now, and dedicate the whole monument, as life. At the base this single piece We their accomplishments, like those signifying the finished work of human re- measures four and one half feet who preceded them in the work, have demption. And we now earnestly invoke done much to make this Memorial square and tapers to three and one upon it Thy blessing, O Lord, and ask Thy half feet square at the top. And divine approval, acceptance and protection, site the beautiful and oft-visited with the three other gigantic pieces that it may stand as a lasting testimony to landmark that it now is. People the world of the love and devotion of Thy of perfect granite forming the base from throughout the East enjoy the people, of the opening of the last dispensa- friendship of this couple because of of the shaft we have a truly mag- tion and the coming of the Son of Man. nificent memorial. Obtaining these May it be preserved from the ravages of the hospitality displayed by them to huge and perfect blocks and moving time, the disintegrating action of the ele- all who visit the birthplace. And ments, from upheavals of the earth's surface, them over the hilly backroads of Brother Cannons flowers furnish and from the violence of human malice or outstanding accom- conversation for flower lovers Vermont was an caprice; may it be surrounded by the in- plishment, especially for the equip- fluence of the spirit of peace, and remain a throughout the state. ment used in those days. We are joy to Thy people who may behold it, and During the summer of 1940, more a silent witness for Thee to all who may told that six draft horses on level people visited the Joseph Smith look upon it. ground could not pull the empty Memorial than ever before in its wagon that was built to carry the And from that time on thousands history. Over two thousand each huge shaft. And when the shaft have made their way over three miles month visited our Prophet's birth- was loaded on the wagon and of mountain road through the beau- place during July and August and the even started up grades which tiful rolling expanses of evergreen almost that many during September. find diffi- our present-day cars and maple to feast upon the spiritual New England has never shown more cult, there were more than twenty and physical beauty of this haven in interest in Mormons and Mormon- horses oxen used, together with ism, place shows this and the hills. Of all our Church land- and no one a block and tackle system attached to marks, none can claim such beauty more clearly than the way people the large trees that lined the way. and picturesque scenery as we find are coming to this out-of-the-way The road had to be completely here. The inspiring monument and landmark in Vermont. New Eng- planked with hardwood timbers to land has long been one of the slowest the lovely home with its hearthstone, keep the wheels ( although they were the very one before which Joseph's sections in the world to take ad- twenty inches wide) from bogging mother often rocked the child to vantage of the restored Gospel, al- despite into the frozen ground. But sleep, have always brought forth the though our early membership came in much of the work's being done greatest admiration from visitors. almost wholly from this land of the winter weather, everything con- The neatly kept grounds of flower- "bean and cod." But today we can tinued on schedule. Both the monu- ing plants and flowers of every de- but thank God for the attitude the ment the lovely and comfortable people are us. Rather and scription keep It forever a beauty having toward home, which occupies exactly the spot of New England. than dark looks and outspoken site of the original dwelling, were slander when Mormonism is men- During the summer of 1940, mis- completed in time to be dedicated tioned, we find the opposite to be sionaries from the New England on the one hundredth birthdate of true. For as one person put it, "We Mission were assigned to live at the the Prophet. The then President now look up to you as having some- Joseph Smith Memorial to help care of the Church, Joseph F. Smith, with thing that we all can profit from." for the increasing crowds that go many of the presiding Authorities, there. During our stay there, my And so this awe-inspiring shaft came into those snow-covered hills historic tradi- companion and I talked to many pierces the sky of and of New England on that twenty- hundreds of the visitors. And yet tional Vermont. And from out third day of December to be present not once did we hear anything but those green-covered, rolling hills, it on this memorable occasion. In the denotes the birth of a man called by presence of many of our Church the living God to establish His way people and a considerable showing of life among the children of men. of the towns-folk from the surround- May the people in and out of the villages, SKY STYLES ing President Smith offered Church take advantage of its mes- a most beautiful dedicatory prayer. By Christine Curtis Hoop sage; may they visit it and rejoice in it, find Quoting only a portion of we the spirit surrounding its sacred this: Earth wears a hat, a jaunty hat of blue, ground; and may our faith and works And clouds are the plumes of white. in this glorious truth stand out true We dedicate the foundation, typical of and firm as does this most fitting the foundation Thou hast laid, of Apostles A velvet scarf all silver-starred and Prophets, with Jesus Christ, Thy son, Is tossed over her head at night. memorial. 314 THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 PRESIDENT GRANT'S MESSAGE

{Continued from page 267) I made a success of my life or a "I said, 'Lot, is there any danger failure. K^olor-S^tule from Indians here?' 'There is a law, irrevocably de- " 'None at all.' creed in the heavens before the YOUR HOME 'I want to be all alone. Go foundations of the world, upon which ahead and follow the crowd.' I first all blessings are predicated, and for greater beauty asked him if I allowed the animal I when we receive any blessing from was riding to walk if I would reach the Lord, it is by obedience to that and livability the road on the other side of the law upon which the blessing is predi- gulley before the horsemen and the cated.' with wagons, and he said 'Yes.' "It was given to me, as I say, that it now depended upon me. 44 As I was riding along to meet "No man could have been more Bennett's them on the other side I unhappy than I was from October, seemed to see, and I seemed to hear, 1882, until February, 1883, but from that I never been bothered, what to me is one of the most real day have 'Propfrti^ things in all my life. I seemed to see night or day, with the idea that I a council of heaven. I seemed to was not worthy to stand as an Apos- .Insurance/ hear the words that were spoken. tle, and I have not been worried I listened to the discussion with a since the last words uttered by great deal of interest. The First Joseph F. Smith to me: 'The Lord Presidency and the Council of the bless you, my boy, the Lord bless Twelve Apostles had not been able you; you have got a great responsi- Paints to agree on two men to fill the va- bility. Always remember this is the exclusive colors. cancies in the Quorum of the Twelve. Lord's work and not man's. The 69 There had been a vacancy of one for Lord is greater than any man. He two years, and a vacancy of two for knows whom He wants to lead His Ask your dealer about Bennett's one year, and the Conferences had Church, and never makes any mis- Free Color- Styling Service adjourned without the vacancies be- take. The Lord bless you.' Throughout the Intermountain ing filled. In this Council the Savior Dealers tt Country was present, my father was there, have been happy during the and the Prophet Joseph Smith was twenty-two years that it has there. They discussed the question fallen to my lot to stand at the head that a mistake had been made in not of this Church. I have felt the inspi- filling those two vacancies and that ration of the living God directing me in all probability it would be another in my labors. From the day that I COJUAASL six months before the Quorum would chose a comparative stranger to be Of be completed; and they discussed as one of the Apostles, instead of my to whom they wanted to occupy lifelong and dearest living friend, I YOUR MOTHER those positions, and decided that the have known as I know that I live, way to remedy the mistake that had that I am entitled to the light and the 9a, (pohfadt! been made in not filling these va- inspiration and the guidance of God cancies was to send a revelation. It in directing His work here upon this Then Why not Give Her was given to me that the Prophet earth; and I know, as I know that Joseph Smith and my father men- I live, that it is God's work, and that a Box of ^«r---ra tioned me and requested that I be Jesus Christ is the Son of the Living called to that position. I sat there God, the Redeemer of the world and and wept for joy. It was given to that He came to this earth with a me that I had done nothing to en- divine mission to die upon the cross title me to that exalted position, ex- as the Redeemer of mankind, aton- cept that I had lived a clean, sweet ing for the sins of the world. " life. It was given to me that because 'As in Adam all die, so in Christ of my father having practically sac- shall all be made alive.' I have had rificed his life in what was known as real, genuine joy; I have had joy in the great Reformation, so to speak, lifting my voice in England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales, Belgium, Hol- of the people in early days, having For been practically a martyr, that the land, Switzerland, Germany, France, MOTHER'S DAY? Prophet Joseph and my father de- Italy, Norway, Sweden, Denmark, They're for Sale at all sired me to have that position, and and Czechoslovakia, in the Hawa- the Better Candy Dealers it was because of their faithful la- iian Islands and far-off Japan, in it » If It's Glade's It's Good bors that I was called, and not be- Canada on the north and Mexico on cause of anything I had done of the south, in nearly every State of myself or any great thing that I had the Union, proclaiming my abso- accomplished. It was also given to lute knowledge that God lives, that SEND THE ERA me that that was all these men, the Jesus is the Christ, the Son of the to your friends and loved ones Prophet and my father, could do for living God, the Redeemer of the away—and keep them close to me; from that day it depended upon world, and that I know that Joseph home. me and upon me alone as to whether (Concluded on page 316) 315 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 PRESIDENT GRANT'S MESSAGE

( Concluded from, page 315) two years beyond the time of retire- ment, namely, 62 years of age, and 10-YEAR Smith was a prophet of the true and he served for exactly eighteen years, the Living God, and that the men and I have served for twenty-two who have succeeded him in presiding years. It is only fair to you to say GUARANTEE over this Church are the men God that I for believed desired to stand in that position. never one minute You get this that he was going to die, until the "I do not make this statement be- night he passed away and when he protection only with cause of any desire to magnify my- took hold of my hand, and told me self—I love the Gospel of Jesus the GAS refrigerator what I have quoted to you, I felt in Christ as I love nothing else in this my heart, and I had prayed for it; world. I here today for the rea- am I had fasted for it; I had asked for son that I desire to leave here my it, that he should live to celebrate testimony as an old man—because a the one hundredth anniversary of man who is in his 85th year is an the birth of this Church, seeing that old man. his beloved father, the Patriarch, "John Taylor came to the presi- Hyrum Smith, had been murdered dency of this Church, succeeding for the Cause; and I believed that Brigham Young, when he was 72 he would so live, until I received that years of age. Wilford Woodruff message, which was the last message came to the presidency of this he spoke to anybody." Church after he was eighty-odd May God bless me and you and years of age, and he lived to be more every soul that has a knowledge of Only the Gas Refrigerator can than ninety. Lorenzo Snow came the divinity of this work, to so live to the presidency of this Church it that our lives will proclaim it to offer you full assurance of ut- when he was 85 years of age, and all those with whom we come in con- terly silent operation and con- served it in a most miraculous and tact, is my humble prayer, and I tinued low operating cost. wonderful way for three years. ask it in all humility in the name of

That's because it is different Joseph F. Smith came to the presi- the Lord Jesus Christ, our Redeemer dency of this Church from all other automatic re- when he was and Savior. Amen.

frigerators. It has no moving

parts in its freezing system THE 111TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE nothing to wear or make noise. (Continued from page 269) the day; concern for right-living the Air over the same facilities from on the part of our young men in the

That's why we can back it up 11:00 to 11:30 a.m. M.S.T., during service; and calls to preserve the fun- which Elder Stephen L Richards was damental institutions of our freedom. with an unconditional 10-year the speaker. The full text of all these addresses will guarantee on its freezing sys- An extended conference broadcast- soon be available in the official printed tem. Repairs or replacements, ing service was an added feature, with report of the conference. the proceedings of all general sessions the if any are needed, will be On evenings of April 2, 3, and 4 made available not only to KSL, but to in the Salt Lake Tabernacle, the Tab- made without cost to you. This stations KFXD, Nampa, Idaho; KSEI, ernacle choir, the M, I. A. and Brig- is the greatest protection to Pocatello, Idaho; KTFT, Twin Falls, ham Young University Symphony Or- y«ur refrigerator investment Idaho; KID, Idaho Falls, Idaho; chestra presented a musical dramatic KEUB, Price, Utah; KSUB, Cedar production of Mendelssohn's oratorio, ever offered by anyonel City, Utah, and a direct wire connec- the St. Paul, which was attended and tion to the Los Angeles Stake Taber- acclaimed by thousands. • See the beautiful new nacle in Los Angeles, to serve a grow- Music at the general sessions was guaranteed 1941 mod- ing Church membership in these areas. B. els—a size to suit your provided by the Y. U. and Duo- needs. A supplementary meeting of new Stake Choir of Provo; by the Black- character was added to the conference foot Stake Choir of Idaho, and by the with the calling together of stake mis- Tabernacle Choir. sion presidents from throughout the Another notable feature was the Church by the First Council of the marked growth in Church membership

Seventy, Sunday morning at 8 a. m. f as a result of the 1940 Church census, in Barratt Hall. 862,664 as against 803,528, the figure The usual Church Welfare meetings, for 1939. These and other statistical and gatherings of Aaronic Priesthood data revealing the growth and activity leaders, language groups, Primary As- of the Church were presented by Presi- sociations, Seventies, and missionary re- dent David O. McKay at the opening fin 8£ g RAY68 unions were held, according to custom. session. The report follows in full: The Relief Society Conference was held Thursday, April 3, and the Sun- ANNUAL CHURCH REPORT EASY TERMS day School Conference at the usual FINANCIAL STATEMENT time on Sunday evening. The expenditures by tie Church for the year 1940: At the general sessions the messages Stake and Ward Purposes erection meeting houses and for MOUNTAIN FUEL of the General Authorities, all of whom For the of ward and stake maintenance expenses....$l, 627,921. 15 were present and all of whom spoke, Missionary Work SUPPLY COMPANY were characterized by pleas for obedi- For the maintenance and operation of mis- ence, for tolerance, for resistance sions, and for the erection of places of Salt Lake • Ogden • Provo worship and other buildings in the mis' Serving 23 Utah Communities against compromise with the evils of sions 628.338.03 316 7 97 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941 ANNUAL CHURCH REPORT

Education Fuel, Lumber and Miscellaneous

for the maintenance of the Expended Coal, pounds ..._ 618.958 $1,358.17 Church school system 924,495.95 Wood, cords 372 1,393.50 Suds Lumber, board feet 268,892 5,121.93 Temples $ 7,873.60 Expended for the maintenance and opera- Plenty of rich, foamy suds is Total valuation De- tion of temples 352,423.60 cember 31. 1940.. $169,852.85 evidence of a good soap. But Hospitals Stake and regional storehouses disbursed in 1940, the proof of a good soap lies Expended for the erection and mainten- $289,952.72 of merchandise produced by the Welfare in the results. PAR gives you ance of hospital buildings. (Included Program. in Church Welfare program) 10,665.13 The extent to which the Welfare Program is meet- both the evidence and the ing the requirements of the bishops in caring for the Relief Assistance needy is indicated by the following percentages: proof. For direct aid in the care of the worthy Food poor and other charitable purposes, including hospital treatment. From tith- Percent ing funds only. (Included in Church Program-produced _ - 61 Welfare Program) 594,917.00 Cash purchases ._ 39

Total _...:_.... „ —.$4,138,760.86 Clothing Which has been taken from the tithes and other Church funds and returned by Program-produced 45 the Trustee-in-Trust to the Saints for Cash purchases _ _ 55 the maintenance and operation of the stakes and wards, mission activities, for Fuel the maintenance and operation of Church schools, and temples, for hos- Program-produced - 79 pital buildings and relief assistance. Cash purchases 21

CHURCH WELFARE PROGRAM Other Commodities Church membership, stakes and missions.... 862,664 Number of Church members who paid Program-produced 25 voluntary fast offerings and welfare Cash purchases 75 contributions to help the needy: The Church owns three grain elevators, located at In wards „ 149,397 Salt Lake City and Sharp, Utah, and McCamtnon, In missions _ 16,520 Idaho, representing an investment of $164,437,14. 222,316 bushels of wheat are now stored in these elevators. Total _ 1 65,91 Amount of voluntary fast offerings and welfare contributions: FAST OFFERING INFORMATION In wards Fast offerings $ 415.550.40 Average fast offerings and welfare contributions Welfare contributions receipted for per capita in wards .„ _ $0.85 by bishops 74,383.52 Regions that exceed $1.00 per capita: Arizona 1.15 In missions Quick, ample suds makes Fast offerings 22,988.21 Southern California ._ 1.10 Salt Lake 1.04 washing easier, better. And Total (all expended for relief) $ 512.922.13 Stakes with the highest per capita: Disbursed to the needy by the Relief San Juan _ _ _ „ 1.73 the "Pyro" in PAR insures free Long Beach _ 1.58 Society for direct assistance in their rinsing, and no scummy ring homes and for general welfare purposes, Bonneville _ 1 .57 such as surgical appliances and pre- Malad 1 .53 around the tub. Try Forty-five stakes paid $1.00 or more per capita. ventive and corrective health work $ 95,249.10 Missions For carrying on the general welfare, and with highest per capita: educational program of the Relief So- (Membership less than 1,500.) ciety 310,159.70 Japan _ 1 .31 Brazil Expended from the tithes for general .76 Argentine and local relief 379,158.39 .61 Expended directly by the Church Wel- (Membership over 1,500) California fare Committee 21 5,758.61 .49 Eastern States Expended for hospital care of the sick in 40 PAR North Central addition to the amount reported dis- 38 bursed from the tithes „ 84,089.76 Total $1,597,337.69 SUMMARY-CHURCH BUILDING PROGRAM 137,166 persons received assistance dur- Expended for the erection, improvement furnish- ing the year which is an of and SOAP average 11,431 per month. ing of: Ward and stake buildings ..._ In addition to the foregoing, the following $ 853,298.70 supplies had been assembled and were Mission buildings _ 158,511.54 for next week's washing and Institutes and seminaries ._ _ on hand December 31, 1940, and are 35,477.85 Religious Center Brigham Young Uni- see the difference. start available for the needy during the — And versity - 1 40.000.00 year 1941. your set of lovely Temple buildings „ 190,980.37 California Clothing, Bedding, and Miscellaneous Grain elevator, Salt Lake City 110,084.17 table pottery which PAR brings Roosevelt Hospital 6,319.17 Men's clothing, pieces 4,670 $3,005.33 Amount raised locally for building im- you. Women's clothing, improvements ._ 776,737.39 pieces 8,660 3,906.20 Children's clothing, Total — _„.$2 ,27 1 ,409. 1 pieces 6,520 3.730.08 In addition to the foregoing $58,883.21 was ex- Quilts, bedding, and pended for building improvements and equipment at miscellaneous 14,675 7,613.20 the Dr. W. H. Groves L. D. S. Hospital, Salt Lake City and $54,279.69 at the Thomas D. Dee Hospital, Attention Missionaries! Total 34,525 $ 18,254.81 Ogden. $53,409.19 was paid toward acquiring stake and regional storehouse property and real estate for 500 Articles of Faith cards . $2.45, Canned and Dried Fruits and Vegetables housing projects. printed with your name, mission, and home Fruits and vegetables STATISTICS FOR THE YEAR 1940 address. Temple Square view in four colors. cans 1,008,751 $106,477.41 Postpaid anywhere in United States. Fruits and vegetables, Number of stakes December 31, 1940: 134 (at the FORD T. ROSE bottles 22,585 2,991.65 present time 137); 1073 wards; 118 independent Dried fruits 1101 So. 8th East — Salt Lake City, Utah and vege- branches; or a total of 1191 wards and branches in tables, pounds 38,335 2,092.71 the stakes of Zion; also 35 missions; 1002 mission Write for free samples. Miscellaneous canned branches, and 250 districts. goods 25.213 4,314.34 Miscellaneous • Church Membership foodstuffs 6,252.62 S takes - '. - 703,01 Total $122,128.73 Missions _ _ _ 159,647 WE OFFER . . Other Produce Total .7862,664 A COMPLETE Flour, pounds 203,529 $4,727.10 ENGRAVING SERVICE Potatoes, pounds 933,598 6.975.82 Church Growth From Missionary Portraits to the Largest Grata, pounds .„ 328,735 3,360.90 Catalogues Other vegetables, Children blessed and entered on the records of missions 21,544 Mail Orders Given Prompt Attention pounds 190,499 2,060.26 the Church in stakes and in stakes and missions.. 14.412 Meat, pounds 30,773 4,471.63 Children baptized the UTAH ENGRAVING CO. Converts baptized in the stakes and missions.. 7.877 113 Regent St. Salt Lake City, Utah

Total 1 ,687, 1 34 $ 21,595.71 (Concluded on page 319) 317 )

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 1941

SOLUTION OF APRIL PUZZLE Scriptural Crossword Puzzle—The Preacher Takes A Text

"The words of the Preacher, the son of David, king in Jerusalem. Vanity of vanities, saith the Preacher, vanity of vanities; all is vanity."—Eccl. 1: 1, 2.

MO. 17 ACROSS

1 "let him . . . the days of dark- 34 "Folly is set . . . great dignity" ". Of (War? to the ness" 35 . . race is not to . . . swift" ." 8 "That which hath been is . . 36 "All things have I seen in the . . . 11 "The Preacher" of my vanity" bovely Spring Jjriae 12 Flushed with success, and forget- 37 "because man ... to his long ting that "all is vanity" home" 14 Wind 39 Most precious

15 "The . . . with the tongs both 42 "Who is . . . the wise man?" Be sure to see our beautiful, in- worketh in the coals" 43 Lava in Canaan

16 "And David himself saith in the 44 "All go unto . . . place" expensive line of Wedding An- ." book of . . 45 Each nouncements and Invitations. 18 Loosed, as the colt that Jesus rode 46 Oyster dishes 19 "Be not rash with . . . mouth" 50 Small coal trucks (Eng. ." Here you will find a complete 20 "as unto a faithful . . 52 "A fool also is full . . . words"

22 Compass point 53 "Whatsoever . . . hand findeth to

assortment of wedding station- 2 3 Esau became this of Jacob do, do it with . . . might" ." 24 Feminine nickname 54 "Rejoice, O young man in thy . . ery, the latest and smartest. 26 Very powerful 30 Micah suggests this note Our Text from Ecclesiastes is 1, 8, 19, ." PROMPT, COURTEOUS 31 "made their feet fast in the . . 20, 34, 35, 36, 52, 53, and 54 com- ". 32 . . the foundation on a rock" bined ATTENTION DOWN

The cock that crew when Peter 23 Disease of sheep affecting the feet Call or write today denied Christ was one 25 "and as many as ye shall find, 2 A Benjamite 1 Chron. 8: 27 ... to the marriage" 3 Feminine nickname 27 Domestic slave 4 A measured remnant of remnant 28 Measure 5 Volume; state 29 Canadian province CALtews 6 Baron 30 Incorrectly forwarded JJesmet . . C^m 7 "the . shall be very small" 32 City of Texas; old era (anag.) ." 8 "devout men, out of every . . 33 Eternally

9 "And . . . sheep I have, which 34 County of Michigan ress... are not of this fold" 36 Son of Jacob

10 for in due season . . . shall reap, 37 Fuel 29 Richards Street if we faint not" 38 An Indian tree in Italy tl Script 40 Goddess of dawn (Gr. Myth.) Salt Lake City, Utah 13 Italian historian; atilt (anag.) 41 East Indian fabric; hats (anag.)

15 "if any man will . . . thee at the 47 Continent the Israelites left Pioneer printers and binders of the ". law, and take away thy coat" 48 . that men would praise the West 17 Slight cut Lord for his goodness" 21 Steamed 49 Pus, a combining form

22 "two men to . . secretly" 51 Gold 318 —

THE IMPROVEMENT ERA, MAY, 194) ANNUAL CHURCH REPORT {Concluded from page 317) Edwin Q. Cannon chosen president of the Ensign Stake, to succeed President Winslow F. Smith. Tomorrows Success Missionaries David LeRoy Sargent chosen president of the Parowan Stake, to succeed President William R. Palmer. Number of long-term missionaries from Zion, • December 31, 1940 - 2 117 *• Homer Smith chosen president of the Sacramento Ldu mswuaihsudi Jbi^ Number of short-term missionaries "from"Zion," Stak e. to succeed President Mark W. Cram. December 31, 1940 31 Daniel J. Ronnow chosen president of the newly Number of local missionaries L.."!.....'ZZ"...™ 68 organized Uvada Stake. ______Edwin Clawson chosen president of the Hyrum Stake to succeed President Danford Bickmore. Total number of missionaries in the missions M. Todays Preparation! of the Church 2 216 "• Woodruff Stucki chosen president of the Bear Number engaged in missionary work in the Lake Stake, to succeed President George H. Robinson. stakes 2 469 Will L. Hoyt chosen president of the Juab Stake L_ to succeed President A. H. Belliston. Total missionaries 4,685 Victor D. Nelson chosen president of the Lost River S ake to succeed President Walter A. Jensen, Number of missionaries' who received training j in the Missionary Home 1,139 deceased.

Nathan 1 . Hurst chosen president of the newly Social Statistics organized Reno Stake. .-.-.„ Ray h. Dillman chosen president of the Roosevelt Birth rate, 31.9 per thousand. Stake, to succeed President Byron O. Colton. Marriage rate, 18.4 per thousand. Wallace W. Johnson chosen president of the newly

Death rate. 6.5 per thousand. organized ,San Diego Stake. A. B. Ballantyne chosen president of the newly Expended for the Maintenance of Missionaries organized Southern Arizona Stake. Wesley E. 1 ingey chosen president of South Davis

Stake - to succeed President Thomas E. Winegar. Collected by wards and paid to mission- , t Howard S. McDonald chosen president of the San ar ; es 76,387.45 Francisco Stake, to succeed President Stephen H. Average wt~p<is8kmaty. 1 &40. $30.12 Winter, per month or a total of $361.44 per year per missionary. Average number of missionaries December 31, 1940, 2,080, New Wards Organized making a total average expense for the year of 751.795.20 El Sereno Ward, Pasadena Stake. Estimated possible earnings per mission- Valley Center Ward, Cottonwood Stake, created ary, $900.00 per year times 2,080, aver- by a division of the Millcreek Ward, age number of missionaries, makes an Murray Third Ward, Cottonwood Stake, created estimated total of what these mis- by a division of the Murray First Ward, sionaries might have earned if at home East Ensign Ward, Ensign Stake, and of 1,872,000.00 West Ensign Ward, Ensign Stake, created by a Total estimated contribution of mission- division of the Ensign Ward. aries and their families for preaching of North Twentieth Ward, Ensign Stake, and the Gospel $2,700,182.65 South Twentieth Ward, Ensign Stake, created by

— — —— i— . a division of the Twentieth Ward. Because of the war, reports were not received from Fallon Ward, Reno Ward, Susanville Ward, Win- most of the European missions. Inasmuch as local nemucca Ward, Sparks Ward, Westwood Ward, brethren were appointed to preside over all of the Reno Stake, created from branches in the California missions from which the Elders were withdrawn, it Mission. is assumed that the organizations in these countries Fairmont Ward, Hillcrest Ward, Logan Heights are still functioning, if only in a limited way, and Ward, National City Ward and North Park Ward, will continue to exist and operate as far as local San Diego Stake, created from branches in the conditions and the restrictions of the war permit. California Mission. For this reason, the number of missions and mission Binghampton Ward, Bisbee Ward, Douglas Ward, districts and branches in the Church is the same as Pomerene Ward, St. David Ward, Tucson Ward, and listed in the statement for the year 1939. Whitewater Ward, Southern Arizona Stake, created from branches in the California Mission. CHANGES IN CHURCH OFFICERS, STAKE, WARD, AND BRANCH ORGANIZATIONS, Independentindependent Branchesbranches Madeiv1Ade Wardswards SINCE OCTOBER CONFERENCE, 1940 Entrance to the L. D. S. Business College

_ , Walla Walla Branch, Union Stake, formerly inde- Special Appointments pendent branch of same stake. Just a small investment in Frank Evans, former Eastern States Mission Prcsi- Pioneer Branch, Pioneer Stake, made a ward and the name was changed to Redwood Ward. dent, was appointed Secretary for Finance to the First business training right now Presidency, to succeed Arthur Winter, deceased. New Independent Branches will pay dividends all your New Mission Presidents Dividend Branch, Santaquin-Tintic Stake. ., , _,, , , life. Henry H. Blood appointed to preside over the poweM Branch, Big Horn Stake. California Mission to succeed President W. Aird r^ Mesa Branch, San Diego Stake, formerly a Macdonald. branch in the California Mission. Elvon W Orme appointed to preside over the Carson City Branch, Reno Stake, and Make the effort now—before Australian Mission to succeed President James Judd. Portola Branch, Reno Stake, formerly branches In v the California Mission. the opportunity passes. New Iemple President

Albert H. Belliston appointed to preside over the Ward Disorganized Hawaiian Temple, to succeed President Castle H. Fill out the coupon below, paste Murphy. Kimball Ward, St. Joseph Stake. it to a one-cent postal card, and

New Stakes Organized Thosf Who Have pASSED Away mail to us. We'll gladly tell you

The Big Cottonwood Stake was organized by a _,. _ , L , I ,,- „ . -, about the exceptional training and bl ReedSmoot. a member of the Quorum of the division of the Cottonwood Stake, and consists of _ , the Cottonwood, Holladay. Mt. Olympus, South twelve for forty years, and United States Senator employment facilities that await or ty ea rs Cottonwood and Winder Wards. The Cottonwood - ,J , ^ T r „ _.',„",_ Wa 'ter A. Jensen, Lost River Stake President for you here. Stake is now composed of the Bennion, Murray First, ,

ele ven ears ' ' , Murray Second, Murray Third, Taylorsville, Mill y ' __", , ,,'',_- r _' Creek and Valley Center Wards Joseph b. Bodell, patriarch of the west Jordan Stake; formerly in the bishopric, stake council The Uvada Stake was organized by a division of high and stak Hl h ^"ests, the Moapa Stake, and consists of the Alamo, Caliente, 9 qu°">m presidency f , William_W. Francis, patriarch of Morgan Stake. L.D. S. BUSINESS Panaca, Pioche, and Enterprise Wards. The Enter-

- L " Halliday, formerly a patriarch Ensign prise Ward was taken from the St. George Stake. - V of Stake, and long active in Church affairs. The Moapa Stake is now composed of the Boulder

' - ld' ardson ser v fc City, Bunkerville, Las Vegas, Littlefield. Logandale, M B d twenty-six years as , COLLEGE L 1 ? ^, , f r T Mesquite, North Las Vegas, and Overton Wards. bls ?°P ° f the Ogden Third Ward, North Weber Stake, and fo ears as counselor. The Reno Stake was "organized from branches in ^, y ;.'__,, 70 North Main Street Dr lh°mas Frederick the California Mission, consists of the - Hardy, Bishop of the Yale and Reno, „ r r r Salt Lake City, Winnemucca, Fallon, Susanville, Sparks, and West- XVard *° £° u r a"d one-half years. Utah wood Wards, and the Portola and Carson City Harold F. Coleman Monrovia Ward Bishop for one ear Pasadena Stake. Branches. y ' am ax w e11 former bisho of the Twenty- San Diego Stake J " ' P L. D. S. Business College The was organized from branches . seventh „¥ , in the California Mission and consists of the Na- Ward for twenty years. Salt Lake City, Utah He ber W- Per r former bishop of Perry Ward . y- tional City, Logan Heights, Hillcrest, North Park, , and Hl 9 h un ma 1 n Box er Stake and Fairmont Wards, and the La Mesa Branch. 9? _.,. ', _S* S, Gentlemen: Please send me the book- Mcs L dia Elizabeth_ Spencer \ The Southern Arizona Stake was organized from _ - y Clawson, wife of let, "Planning Your Future." President Clawson, branches in the California Mission, and consists Rudger President of the Council or of the Binghampton, Bisbee, Douglas, Pomerene, St. twelve. Lon Flsher high councilman Granite . in Stake, David, Tucson, and Whitewater Wards. . Name: ... former member of Lincoln Ward bishopric, temple Stake Presidents Chosen worker and Tabernacle Choir Librarian. Hugh Ireland, lor twenty years editor of the Liahona, Address: Irvin T. Nelson chosen president of the newly branch president at various times, and general Church organized Big Cottonwood Stake. worker. 319 a d Purs inJo jjoHilaqe n

Dear Brethren: PING PURR was very happy with your letter of February 10, 1941, and Four-year-old: "Mama, look at the cat. He has gone to I the remittance for my article. It was a pleasant surprise and sleep without turning off his motor." wholly unexpected. I shall use the same in securing new subscriptions for people who otherwise could not afford The Mrs. W. Scott. Improvement Era that they may have the benefit of this fine publication. Assuring you of my continued interest in the RATHER ODD, ISN'T IT? Era and with kind personal regards, I remain

Sincerely your brother, "Queer-looking socks, Pat, one red and the other green." Elias L. Day, "Yes, and I have another pair home just like 'em." of the Wells Stake Presidency. $ Dear Sir: THE UNBELIEVER There are twenty-four baptized members of the Church here Magistrate (sternly) : "Didn't I tell you the last time you in Juneau [Alaska] . A Church organization was organized were here I never wanted you to come before me again?" in August. I am sending a money order for five subscriptions sir; I couldn't the policeman to the Era. Prisoner: "Yes, but make Parley Pratt, believe it!" Presiding Elder. $ ARGUMENT TABOO Dear Brother Orton: "What's the shape of the earth?" asked the teacher, calling because we were over the top early we have decided that Just suddenly upon Willie. should stop the good work, so we intend to go very we not '"Round." strongly after our follow-up work and we are striving for 150% "How do you know it's round?" this year, and we feel that we will get it. "All right," said Willie, "it's square, then. I don't want to Mrs. Letitia Knowlden, start any argument about it." Era Director, Boise Stake. ® WASTING NO TIME Springfield, Illinois,

Editor, Improvement Era: Billy: "Uncle, a Scotsman fell overboard into the Black Sea, This will be the third year your highly valued magazine (now and when they found him, what do you think he was doing?" a necessity) will be in our home. My wife is a member Uncle: "I don't know."

of the Church, but I am not (yet) ; however, the list of Latter- Billy: "Filling his fountain pen." day Saints I am proud to call good friends would be too long to write. RELIEF The Era is worth the price for the history of the people of this continent that no one else seems able to find. It is also grandmother tucking her four-year-old grandson a pleasure to read a magazine that doesn't advertise what one The was into bed. "All right, dear," she whispered softly, "are you doesn't want and is better without. my ready for your bedtime story?" The prayer and wish of my wife and myself is for your continued success and growth. The child began to fidget. "Grandmother," he murmured, K. "not tonight, please." $ "Then," offered the grandparent, "shall I sing you a lullaby?" Dear Brethren: "No," said the four-year-old, "no lullaby." The grandmother was perplexed. "Then what can I do for Will you please send the February number of the Era to you, my child?" she asked. me at Boise. The Era was much help to me in the "Well," proposed the child, "suppose you take a walk and mission field, forty-one years ago in Switzerland and eleven let me get some sleep." years ago in California. ... I have not missed a number for upwards of forty years. Your brother, NO FAITH S. Schwendiman. -$- "Brethren and sistern," sighed the Negro minister, "yo' faith Selma, Alabama, am deplo'able, Heah we is, gathered togethah to pray fo' Dear Editors: rain—and Ah asks yo', wheah at is yo' umbrellas?" T have never before read as many articles in the Era that have * so touched me and created such a burning feeling within me as did those contained in the February issue. Perhaps it was UNSIGHT, UNSEEN the beautiful spring morning—because I had just communed really ought to wear a hat when you go out with my Father in Heaven—because I felt more in tune with "Mabel, you His Spirit. As I read each article, more than ever before I riding." wanted to shout the glad tidings of this glorious Gospel. I "But, Mother, I am wearing a hat; it's on the other side." wish everyone the world over could have the opportunity of reading the Era and catching a vision of the beautiful thoughts and truths it contains. We missionaries in the Southern States ULTERIOR MOTIVE enjoy each edition and find that many seeds are planted and much "sweet fruit" gathered by lending the Era to friends and "Do I really need my coat brushed?" asked the conservative investigators. passenger on the Pullman. May each Era contributor be blessed in his worthy efforts. "Does you!" exclaimed the porter with great emphasis. Very sincerely, "Boss, I'se broke!" Louise Taylor.

320 CZ^fshistory is being made in these crit-

ical moments of 1941, radio broadcast-

ing fills an increasing need. This is a

time for calm thought based on ac-

curate information presented without

prejudice- Radio Station KSL earn-

estly strives to present the current

scene with fidelity in order that you

may share in tomorrow's history as it

is made today.

SALT LAKE CITY . r-. mm?y

L/n 4 ^ ^t^-/

Atop a mountain ledge, far above the din and confusion of our complex world, stands a

gnarled, battle-scarred veteran of the forest . . and a hopeful young maiden.

If this veteran could tell youth what he has learned through the centuries, we can imagine him saying:

" I've weathered the storms of adversity; I'm

still living in the sunlight of life; still "on top of

the world" because my roots are planted firmly : : '-:::::::^;, i^*s:^; in solid ground."

Is there a lesson here for humanity? Is there

better ground than Life Insurance in which to plant your roofs for a prosperous and secure financial life?

2S r i A

Heber J. 0rant, Preit