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Download Species Dossier Rumex rupestris Le Gall Shore Dock, Oseille des Rochers, Patience des Rochers; Tafolen y Traeth. POLYGONACEAE SYN.: none Status: Endangered UK BAP Priority Species Habitats Directive Annexes II(b), IV(b) Lead Partner: Plantlife Berne Convention Annex I World Status: Vulnerable 2 Schedule 8 of the Wildlife and Countryside Ten 10km squares Act 1981 (as amended) UK Biodiversity Action Plan: The following are the current targets following the 2001 Targets Review: T1 - Ensure the restoration of Favourable Conservation Status by 2004. T2 - If biologically feasible, restore the species to at least two former sites by 2004. Progress on targets as reported in the UKBAP 2002 reporting round can be viewed by selecting this species and logging in as a guest on the following web page: http://www.ukbap.org.uk/2002OnlineReport/mainframe.htm. The full Action Plan for Rumex rupestris can be viewed on the following web page: http://www.ukbap.org.uk/UKPlans.aspx?ID=555. Contents 1 Morphology, Identification, Taxonomy and Genetics ............................................2 1.1 Morphology & Identification ........................................................................2 1.2 Taxonomic Considerations ..........................................................................4 1.3 Genetic Implications ..................................................................................4 2 Distribution and Current Status ........................................................................4 2.1 World ......................................................................................................4 2.2 Europe ....................................................................................................4 2.3 United Kingdom ........................................................................................7 2.3.1 England ........................................................................................... 10 2.3.2 Wales .............................................................................................. 11 3 Ecology and Life Cycle................................................................................... 11 4 Habitat Requirements ................................................................................... 14 4.1 The Landscape Perspective....................................................................... 14 4.2 Communities & Vegetation ....................................................................... 14 4.3 Summary of Habitat Requirements ............................................................ 15 5 Management Implications .............................................................................. 16 6 Threats / Factors Leading to Loss or Decline or Limiting Recovery........................ 17 Work on Rumex rupestris is supported by 1 7 Current Conservation Measures ...................................................................... 19 7.1 In situ Measures ..................................................................................... 19 7.2 Ex situ Measures..................................................................................... 20 7.3 Research Data ........................................................................................ 20 7.4 Monitoring Rumex rupestris and the Common Monitoring Standard ................ 21 8 References .................................................................................................. 22 9 Acknowledgements ....................................................................................... 24 10 Contacts ..................................................................................................... 25 11 Links .......................................................................................................... 25 12 Annex 1 - Draft Monitoring Form for Rumex rupestris. ....................................... 26 1 Morphology, Identification, Taxonomy and Genetics 1.1 MORPHOLOGY & IDENTIFICATION Rumex rupestris is a coarse, stout perennial, 30-50(-70) cm tall, with one or more woody shoots from the stock (see Figures 1 & 2). Basal leaves 10-30cm, thick dull- green, glaucous, oblong or broadly ovate-lanceolate, rather abruptly narrowed to a truncate or subcordate base, subobtuse, margin entire, undulate; petiole less than one third as long as lamina. Figure 1 – Rumex rupestris. (Photograph by Plantlife International). Figure 2 – Rumex rupestris. (With kind permission of Fred Rumsey). 2 Stem leaves oblong-lanceolate, gradually narrowed to the base, acute, with margin undulate often crenulate, subsessile. Panicle dense, with ascending branches at approximately 45 degrees to the main stem, branches with numerous short crowded branchlets and whorls of 5-20 flowers usually crowded, often almost confluent, some subtended by lanceolate bracts. Valves 3-4 x 2-2.5mm, elongate-oblong, not reticulate, entire, all bearing very large (ca. 2.5mm), very swollen, smooth elongate tubercles occupying over two thirds the length of the valve and almost their entire width (see Figure 3). Nut ca. 2mm x 1.5mm, reddish brown, trigonous, with acute angles, broadest near rounded base, abruptly acute (see Figure 4). Flowers 6-7. (Lousley and Kent, 1981). Figure 3 – Large swollen tubercles Figure 4 – Rumex rupestris nut. (With on valves of Rumex rupestris. (With kind permission of Fred Rumsey). kind permission of Fred Rumsey). DISTINGUISHING FEATURES The critical distinguishing feature is the valve, with its swollen tubercles covering the entire width of the valve (see Figures 3 & 5). When in fruit, only Rumex conglomeratus is sufficiently similar for confusion to occur, but R. conglomeratus valves are considerably smaller, as are the tubercles. As a vegetative plant, Rumex rupestris is difficult to confirm with any degree of certainty. The leaves are glaucous and oblong, with a tough, leathery feel, but identifications of vegetative plants suspected of being Rumex rupestris need confirming in fruit. 3 Figure 5 – Close-up of Rumex rupestris in fruit. (With kind permission of Fred Rumsey). 1.2 TAXONOMIC CONSIDERATIONS None. 1.3 GENETIC IMPLICATIONS Some genetic investigations of Rumex rupestris have taken place at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Dorset at the Winfrith Technology Centre, formerly ITE Furzebrook, by Daniels and Moy (Daniels et al, 1998). Difficulties with buffering the samples prevented successful detailed analysis of isozymes from Rumex rupestris leaves, but the results which were obtained suggested that gene flow was limited by distance between populations, and some populations such as those in the Isles of Scilly were more genetically isolated from other UK mainland populations. 2 Distribution and Current Status 2.1 WORLD Rumex rupestris is confined to the Atlantic seaboard of Western Europe. Its global status is vulnerable. 2.2 EUROPE The European distribution of Rumex rupestris is shown in Figure 6, and the status of Rumex rupestris in each country in Europe, where known, is given in Table 1. Rumex rupestris is now only found in Wales, southwest England, the Channel Isles, France and north west Spain. It is listed as extinct in Portugal. UNEP – WCMC regard its status as Vulnerable in France, Spain, the United Kingdom and the Channel Islands. 4 Figure 6 - European distribution of Rumex rupestris (Jalas, J. & Suominen, J., 1972). (Reproduced with kind permission from the Committee for Mapping the Flora of Europe and Societas, Biologica Fennica Vanamo, Helsinki.) Table 1 - Country by country status of Rumex rupestris across Europe (*Country codes are taken from Flora Europaea as of 1964 with red data book listings where available [Definitions of the red list categories]). IUCN COUNTRY* STATUS NOTES SOURCE(S) LISTING Al ALBANIA Au AUSTRIA WITH LIECHTENSTEIN Az AZORES Be BELGIUM WITH LUXEMBOURG Bl ISLAS BALEARES Br BRITAIN EN Most populations number only Wigginton INCL ORKNEY, ZETLAND & a few individuals, with only (1999); ISLE OF MAN three colonies outside the Isles Stewart et al of Scilly exceeding 20 mature (1994); plants in 1994. Threats include Preston et al sea defence works, visitor (2002). pressure and winter storms. Bu BULGARIA Co CORSE Cr KRITI WITH GAVDHOS, KARPATHOS & KASOS Cz CZECHOSLOVAKIA Da DENMARK Not listed Ingelög et al (1993). Fa FAEROER 5 IUCN COUNTRY* STATUS NOTES SOURCE(S) LISTING Fe FINLAND Not listed Kotiranta et al INCLUDING AHVENANMAA (1998); Ingelög et al (1993). Ga FRANCE VU Olivier et al (1995). Ge GERMANY Gr GREECE Not listed Phitos et al EXCLUDING KRITI & (1995). ISLANDS OUTSIDE EUROPE Hb IRELAND BOTH NORTHERN IRELAND & THE REPUBLIC OF IRELAND He SWITZERLAND Ho NETHERLANDS Hs SPAIN WITH GIBRALTAR & ANDORRA, EXCL BL Is ICELAND It ITALY Not listed Conti et al (1997). Ju YUGOSLAVIA Not listed Stevanović SERBIA (1999). Lu PORTUGAL No NORWAY Po POLAND Not listed Kaźmierczakowa & Zarzycki (2001); Ingelög et al (1993). Rm ROMANIA Rs(N) NORTHERN DIVISION Rs(B) BALTIC Ingelög et al DIVISION (1993); ESTONIA Not listed Environmental LATVIA Protection LITHUANIA Not listed Department of the Republic of Lithuania (1992). Rs(C) CENTRAL DIVISION Rs(W) SOUTH-WESTERN DIVISION Rs(K) KRYM (CRIMEA) Rs(E) SOUTH-EASTERN DIVISION Sa SARDEGNA Sb SVALBARD (SPITSBERGEN, BYORNOYA, JAN MAYEN) Si SICILIA Su SWEDEN Not listed Gärdenfors (2000). Tu TURKEY Not listed Ekim et al (2000). 6 FRANCE Rumex rupestris is known from three sites in Basse Normandie, fifteen populations spread along the Bretagne coast and one dune site in the Pays de la Loire (natura2000.environnement). SPAIN Rumex rupestris is found
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