DOCSLIB.ORG

Rediscovery of Pilosocereus Oligolepsis (Cactaceae) in the State of Roraima, Brazil Author(S): Pâmela Lavor , Ricardo De Oliveira Perdiz , Leonardo M

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Rediscovery of Pilosocereus Oligolepsis (Cactaceae) in the State of Roraima, Brazil Author(S): Pâmela Lavor , Ricardo De Oliveira Perdiz , Leonardo M Rediscovery of Pilosocereus oligolepsis (Cactaceae) in the State of Roraima, Brazil Author(s): Pâmela Lavor , Ricardo De Oliveira Perdiz , Leonardo M. Versieux & Alice Calvente Source: Cactus and Succulent Journal, 88(3):137-143. Published By: Cactus and Succulent Society of America DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.2985/015.088.0306 URL: http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.2985/015.088.0306 BioOne (www.bioone.org) is a nonprofit, online aggregation of core research in the biological, ecological, and environmental sciences. BioOne provides a sustainable online platform for over 170 journals and books published by nonprofit societies, associations, museums, institutions, and presses. Your use of this PDF, the BioOne Web site, and all posted and associated content indicates your acceptance of BioOne’s Terms of Use, available at www.bioone.org/page/ terms_of_use. Usage of BioOne content is strictly limited to personal, educational, and non-commercial use. Commercial inquiries or rights and permissions requests should be directed to the individual publisher as copyright holder. BioOne sees sustainable scholarly publishing as an inherently collaborative enterprise connecting authors, nonprofit publishers, academic institutions, research libraries, and research funders in the common goal of maximizing access to critical research. PÂMELA LAVOR1*, RICARDO DE OLIVEIRA PERDIZ2, LEONARDO M. VERSIEUX1 & ALICE CALVENTE1 Rediscovery of Pilosocereus oligolepsis (Cactaceae) in the state of Roraima, Brazil Pilosocereus oligolepis is a species of Cactaceae that is known only from three old type collections in Brazil (Roraima state) and Guyana. It is the only species of this genus to occur in northern Brazil. Due to the paucity of specimens and lack of precise locality data we undertook fieldwork in different vegeta- tion types of Roraima aiming to find the species in the field. Populations of P. oligolepis were found in two previously unknown areas, occurring on granitic rock outcrops inside a vegetation mosaic of sea- sonal forests and savannas. Thus, it was possible to expand our knowledge of this species, increasing its occurrence and distributional data, as well as to provide pictures of the plants in their habitat and pro- pose an updated conservation status. Keywords: Pilosocereus, new record, Roraima, Cactaceae, Cactoideae. INTRODUCTION of Cereus oligolepis Vaupel (the basionym of P. oligo- Brazil has the world’s richest Flora (Forzza et al., lepis) was collected by the German botanist Ernest 2012; BFG, 2015) and one of the most representative Heinrich Georg Ule in 1910 in “Serra do Mel” and genera of Cactaceae of the Brazilian Flora is Pilosocer- is deposited in the herbarium of Berlin. Given the eus Byles & Rowley, encompassing 42 species (Hunt incomplete condition of the type, Zappi (1994) des- et al., 2006; Zappi et al., 2016) disjunctly distribut- ignated as neotype a collection of Luetzelburg from ed across the Americas in two areas: (1) Eastern Bra- 1927 at the area of “São Marcos” in the Surumu river zil and (2) Extreme Northern Brazil, Northern South basin, also deposited in the herbarium of Berlin. A America, Central and North Americas. The genus is third recorded location for P. oligolepis is the type col- widespread in forest formations (Atlantic and Amazo- lection of Pilosocereus kanukuensis (Alexander) Leuenb. nic forests) and in more arid environments (Caatinga, which is considered a synonym of P. oligolepis (Zappi, dry woodland, Cerrado, savannas and desert regions of 1994); this specimen was collected by A. C. Smith in North and Central America; Zappi, 1994). 1938, in the slopes of the Kanuku Mountains, drain- A recent list of Brazilian rare plants includes 56 age of the Moku Moku Creek (Zappi, 1994). The species of cacti endemic to the country that are rare species was never recollected, being recorded solely by (Machado, 2009). Although the occurrence of most these three cited collections. Pilosocereus species is well-documented (Zappi, 1994; Roraima is located in Northern Brazil, on the bor- Taylor & Zappi, 2004; Hunt et al., 2006; Menezes der of the Amazonian Forest, close to Guyana and et al., 2011; Zappi et al., 2016), Pilosocereus oligolepis Venezuela, and features a mosaic of different for- (Vaup.) Byles & Rowley is known only from a few est and non-forest types (Flores & Rodrigues, 2010). collections corresponding to type material referred Among non-forest formations in the state of Rorai- to Brazil (Roraima state) and Guyana, and therefore ma, one can distinguish the ‘Lavrado’, local term to could be listed as a rare species. The type specimen designate the savannas in the region (Barbosa et al., 2007). This vegetation, also referred to as the ecore- * Corresponding author. Part of the Thesis of first author. Pre- sent address: Programa de pós-graduação em Sistemática e gion of the Guyana’s savannas, has been little-studied Evolução, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, floristically (Flores & Rodrigues, 2010), and covers an Natal, Brazil. 59078-970. Phone: +55 84 3215 3443. E-mail: area of over 60,000 km2 between Brazil, Guyana and [email protected]. 1 Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Centro de Venezuela, of which 70% occurs in Brazilian territo- Biociências, Departamento de Botânica e Zoologia, Labora- ry (Barbosa et al., 2007). Roraima has 3,075 species tório de Botânica Sistemática, Natal, RN, Brazil. 59078-970. of angiosperms cataloged (BFG, 2015), placing it in 2 Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas (Botânica), Manaus, only 18th position regarding angiosperm species rich- AM, Brazil. 69060-001. ness from Brazil. In our view, this number is severely 2016 VOLUME 88 NUMBER 3 137 1. Distribution map and collection effort of Pilosocereus oligolepis in the state of Roraima, Brazil. underestimated due to incomplete sampling. and an unnamed site in municipally of Bonfim (Fig. As means to obtain samples of P. oligolepis to 1). include in a phylogenetic investigation of Pilosocer- The specimens collected were dried and included eus, the authors recently searched for specimens of into the collections of UFRN (Universidade Federal the species in the wild in different vegetation types do Rio Grande do Norte) and UFRR (Universidade of Roraima. This paper aims to relate new and pres- Federal de Roraima) herbaria. Morphological descrip- ent-day occurrence data for P. oligolepis, update its tion of the species was based exclusively on specimens geographic distribution data, conservation status and collected in this work. The identification of the spe- depict living specimens of this rare cactus in its natu- cies was based on Zappi (1994) and Hunt et al. (2006). ral habitat. Geographic distributions presented for this spe- Despite the motivation to gather updated informa- cies were based on coordinates of recent collection tion about a rare and poorly known cactus, we had a data obtained in this work, and in literature sources particular interest to investigate this species. Pilosocer- (Hunt et al., 2006). We used the software package R eus oligolepis is of great significance in order to under- (R Core Team, 2015), the cartographic base of the stand the biogeography of the genus because it is the maps package (Becker et al., 2015) and color palette only species to occur in northern Brazil, since the RColorBrewer package (Neuwirth, 2014) to make the great majority of taxa are distributed in eastern Bra- map presented. zil, and the remaining are in northern South Ameri- RESULTS ca (only P. lanuginosus (L.) Byles & G.D.Rowley) and Central and North America. Thus, one could hypoth- In this study we describe new occurrence data for esize that this species represents a taxon intermedi- the poorly known P. oligolepis. During recent visits to ate between Brazilian and non-Brazilian species of the different vegetation types of Roraima, populations of genus. P. oligolepis were found in two newly discovered areas. MATERIAL AND METHODS These results increase the area of distribution known for the species. Populations of P. oligolepis were found Field work in areas of possible occurrence of P. o l i - in Serra Grande (municipally of Cantá) and in Serra golepis was done in November 2014 along the munici- do Tabaco (municipally of Amajari) (Fig. 1). It can be palities of Amajari, Boa Vista, Bonfim and Cantá in considered a rare species in both sites, with few indi- the state of Roraima, northern Brazil. The following viduals contributing to each population. areas were visited while searching for populations of Pilosocereus oligolepis inhabits an area formed by a the species: “Serra do Tabaco” (municipally of Amaja- mosaic of savannas and seasonal forests, interspersed ri); “Serra da Moça” (municipally of Boa Vista); “Serra with granitic rock outcrops. The arboreal species Ana- Grande” and “Serra da Lua” (municipally of Cantá); cardium occidentale L. (Anacardiaceae), Byrsonima 138 CAcTUS AND SUccULENT JOURNAL 2. Habitat of Pilosocereus oligolepis in Serra Grande, municipally of Cantá, Brazil. crassifolia (L.) Kunth (Malpighiaceae) and Curatella Creek (Takutu tributary), 150–400m, March–April americana L. (Dilleniaceae), dominate the landscape 1938, A. C. Smith 3380 (NY, holo., US, K, iso.). in the savanna, while the seasonal forest formations Shrub, 1–2 m tall, unbranched or branched at are dominated by species of Leguminosae, Sapotaceae base; branches erect to semi-scandent (Fig. 3); epi- and Salicaceae ( Jaramillo and Barbosa, unpublished dermis grayish-green to dark green, smooth; ribs data; Jaramillo, 2015). In Serra Grande, the individu- 4–6, with straight sinuses and conspicuous transverse als showed only flower buds, growing exposed on the folds above the young areoles (Fig. 4). Areoles < 1.0 rock outcrops encircled by seasonal forest. The popu- cm, with long hairs < 1.5 cm. Spines dark brown in lation of Serra do Tabaco was found on a rock out- the base and pale yellow at apex; centrals 1–6, < 3.0 crop surrounded by savanna fields and all individuals cm; radials 8–16, < 1.4 cm (Figs.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Caryophyllales 2018 Instituto De Biología, UNAM September 17-23
    Caryophyllales 2018 Instituto de Biología, UNAM September 17-23 LOCAL ORGANIZERS Hilda Flores-Olvera, Salvador Arias and Helga Ochoterena, IBUNAM ORGANIZING COMMITTEE Walter G. Berendsohn and Sabine von Mering, BGBM, Berlin, Germany Patricia Hernández-Ledesma, INECOL-Unidad Pátzcuaro, México Gilberto Ocampo, Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, México Ivonne Sánchez del Pino, CICY, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán, Mérida, Yucatán, México SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE Thomas Borsch, BGBM, Germany Fernando O. Zuloaga, Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, Argentina Victor Sánchez Cordero, IBUNAM, México Cornelia Klak, Bolus Herbarium, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa Hossein Akhani, Department of Plant Sciences, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Iran Alexander P. Sukhorukov, Moscow State University, Russia Michael J. Moore, Oberlin College, USA Compilation: Helga Ochoterena / Graphic Design: Julio C. Montero, Diana Martínez GENERAL PROGRAM . 4 MONDAY Monday’s Program . 7 Monday’s Abstracts . 9 TUESDAY Tuesday ‘s Program . 16 Tuesday’s Abstracts . 19 WEDNESDAY Wednesday’s Program . 32 Wednesday’s Abstracs . 35 POSTERS Posters’ Abstracts . 47 WORKSHOPS Workshop 1 . 61 Workshop 2 . 62 PARTICIPANTS . 63 GENERAL INFORMATION . 66 4 Caryophyllales 2018 Caryophyllales General program Monday 17 Tuesday 18 Wednesday 19 Thursday 20 Friday 21 Saturday 22 Sunday 23 Workshop 1 Workshop 2 9:00-10:00 Key note talks Walter G. Michael J. Moore, Berendsohn, Sabine Ya Yang, Diego F. Registration
    [Show full text]
  • Pilosocereus Robinii) Using New Genetic Tools Tonya D
    Volume 31: Number 2 > 2014 The Quarterly Journal of the Florida Native Plant Society Palmetto Fern Conservation in a Biodiversity Hotspot ● Saving the Endangered Florida Key Tree Cactus Saving the Endangered Florida Key Tree Cactus (Pilosocereus robinii) Using New Genetic Tools Tonya D. Fotinos, Dr. Joyce Maschinski & Dr. Eric von Wettberg Biological systems around the globe are being threatened by human-induced landscape changes, habitat degradation and climate change (Barnosky et al. 2011; Lindenmayer & Fischer 2006; Thomas et al. 2004; Tilman et al. 1994). Although there is a considerable threat across the globe, numerically the threat is highest in the biodiversity hotspots of the world. Of those hotspots, South Florida and the Caribbean are considered in the top five areas for conservation action because of the high level of endemism and threat (Myers et al. 2000). South Florida contains roughly 125 endemic species and is the northernmost limit of the distribution of many tropical species (Abrahamson 1984; Gann et al. 2002). The threat to these species comes predominantly from sea level rise, which could be >1 m by the end of the century (Maschinski et al. 2011). Above: Pilosocereus robinii stand in the Florida Keys. Photo: Jennifer Possley, Center for Tropical Conservation/Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden. Above: Pilosocereus robinii in bloom at the Center for Tropical Conservation. Photo: Devon Powell, Center for Tropical Conservation/Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden. 12 ● The Palmetto Volume 31:2 ● 2014 Restoration of imperiled populations is a priority for mitigating the looming species extinctions (Barnosky et al. 2011). Populating new or previously occupied areas or supple- menting a local population of existing individuals are strategies that improve the odds that a population or species will survive.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogenetic Analyses of Pilosocereus (Cactaceae) Inferred from Plastid and Nuclear Sequences
    Botanical Journal of the Linnean Linnean Society Society,, 2017,2016. 183 With, 25–38. 2 figures With 2 figures Phylogenetic analyses of Pilosocereus (Cactaceae) inferred from plastid and nuclear sequences ALICE CALVENTE1*, EVANDRO M. MORAES2,PAMELA^ LAVOR1, ISABEL A. S. BONATELLI2, PAMELA NACAGUMA2, LEONARDO M. VERSIEUX1, NIGEL P. TAYLOR3 and DANIELA C. ZAPPI4 1Laboratorio� de Botanica^ Sistematica,� Departamento de Botanica^ e Zoologia, Centro de Biociencias,^ Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Campus Central, Lagoa Nova, Natal, CEP 59078-970, RN, Brazil 2 Laboratorio� de Diversidade Genetica� e Evolucßao,~ Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciencias^ Humanas e Biologicas,� Universidade Federal de Sao~ Carlos, Sorocaba, Sao~ Paulo, CEP 18052-780, Brazil 3Singapore Botanic Gardens, 1 Cluny Road 259569, Singapore 4Jardim Botanico^ do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leao~ 915, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22460-030 RJ, Brazil Received 1 March 2016; revised 1 June 2016; accepted for publication 29 August 2016 Pilosocereus is a large genus of Cactaceae with 42 species of columnar cacti distributed in the Americas. In this work we investigate the phylogenetics and evolutionary history of Pilosocereus based in plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. We use phylogenetic trees obtained as a basis to analyse infrageneric relationships and to study the evolution of selected morphological characters and geographical distribution in the group. Thirty-three species of the genus were sampled and five molecular regions were selected, four non-coding intergenic spacers of plastid DNA (trnS-trnG, psbD-trnT, trnL-trnT, petL-psbE) and one nuclear low-copy gene (phytochrome C). The phylogenetic analyses obtained point to a paraphyletic Pilosocereus, with P.
    [Show full text]
  • The Wonderful World of Cacti. July 7, 2020
    OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Succulents part 1: The wonderful world of cacti. July 7, 2020 Betzy Rivera. Master Gardener Volunteer OSU Extension – Franklin County OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Succulent plants Are plants with parts that are thickened and fleshy, capacity that helps to retain water in arid climates. Over 25 families have species of succulents. The most representative families are: Crassulaceae, Agavaceae, Aizoaceae, Euphorbiacea and Cactaceae. 2 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION The Cactaceae family is endemic to America and the distribution extends throughout the continent from Canada to Argentina, in addition to the Galapagos Islands and Antilles Most important centers of diversification (Bravo-Hollis & Sánchez-Mejorada, 1978; Hernández & Godínez, 1994; Arias-Montes, 1993; Anderson, 2001; Guzmán et al., 2003; Ortega- Baes & Godínez-Alvarez, 2006 3 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION There is an exception — one of the 1,800 species occurs naturally in Africa, Sri Lanka, and Madagascar Rhipsalis baccifera 4 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION The Cactaceae family includes between ~ 1,800 and 2,000 species whose life forms include climbing, epiphytic, shrubby, upright, creeping or decumbent plants, globose, cylindrical or columnar in shape (Bravo-Hollis & Sánchez-Mejorada, 1978; Hernández & Godínez, 1994; Guzmán et al., 2003). 5 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION Cacti are found in a wide variety of environments, however the greatest diversity of forms is found in arid and semi-arid areas, where they play an important role in maintaining the stability of ecosystems (Bravo-Hollis & Sánchez-Mejorada, 1978; Hernández & Godínez, 1994; Guzmán et al., 2003). 6 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION The Cactaceae family are dicotyledonous plants 2 cotyledons Astrophytum myriostigma (common names: Bishop´s cap cactus, bishop’s hat or miter cactus) 7 OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY EXTENSION General Anatomy of a Cactus Cactus spines are produced from specialized structures called areoles, a kind of highly reduced branch.
    [Show full text]
  • Espostoa Br.& R
    2021/09/25 08:03 1/10 Espostoa Br.& R. Espostoa Br.& R. Cet article est basé sur l'original écrit par Graham Charles et publié dans le British Cactus and Succulent Journal 17(2): 69-79 (1999). Vous en trouverez une traduction sur le Cactus Francophone : Espostoa Br.& R. Il est ici modifié et corrigé à la lumière de nouvelles découvertes. Notez que dans l'article original, la fig 1. à la page 68 a été incorrectement légendée. On doit lire “Espostoa melanostele dans le Canyon Tinajas, près de Lima GC157.04” Although cerei are not the most popular cacti for growers restricted by cultivation in glasshouses, almost all collections have at least one representative of this beautiful genus. Most species are easy to cultivate and the hairy stems of many species make them an attractive addition to any collection, even in a small glasshouse. In pots, they are slower growing than many cerei, a factor which also makes them good show plants, frequently seen winning the Cereus class. For exhibitors, those species with stems covered with white hair catch the judge's eye. The hair can also hide minor blemishes on the stem which would more likely get spotted and count against other less covered species! In keeping with the fashionable trend towards the broader concept of genera, Espostoa has been expanded in recent years to include species previously included in the separate genera Pseudoespostoa Backbg., Thrixanthocereus Backbg. and Vatricania Backbg. Recent molecular studies have shown that Vatricania is not an Espostoa and so it will be excluded from this revised article.
    [Show full text]
  • Cactus Explorers Journal
    Bradleya 34/2016 pages 100–124 What is a cephalium? Root Gorelick Department of Biology and School of Mathematics & Statistics and Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies, Carleton University, 1125 Raven Road, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada (e-mail: [email protected]) Photographs by the author unless otherwise stated. Summary : There are problems with previous at - gibt meist einen abgrenzbaren Übergang vom tempts to define ‘cephalium’, such as via produc - photosynthetisch aktiven Gewebe zum nicht pho - tion of more hairs and spines, confluence of tosynthetisch aktiven und blütentragenden areoles, or periderm development at or under - Cephalium, die beide vom gleichen Triebspitzen - neath each areole after flowering. I propose using meristem abstammen. Cephalien haben eine an - the term ‘cephalium’ only for a combination of dere Phyllotaxis als die vegetativen these criteria, i.e. flowering parts of cacti that Sprossabschnitte und sitzen der vorhandenen have confluent hairy or spiny areoles exterior to a vegetativen Phyllotaxis auf. Wenn blühende Ab - thick periderm, where these hairs, spines, and schnitte nur einen Teil der oben genannten Merk - periderms arise almost immediately below the male aufweisen, schlage ich vor, diese Strukturen shoot apical meristem, and with more hairs and als „Pseudocephalien“ zu bezeichnen. spines on reproductive parts than on photosyn - thetic parts of the shoot. Periderm development Introduction and confluent areoles preclude photosynthesis of Most cacti (Cactaceae) are peculiar plants, cephalia, which therefore lack or mostly lack even for angiosperms, with highly succulent stomata. There is almost always a discrete tran - stems, numerous highly lignified leaves aka sition from photosynthetic vegetative tissues to a spines, lack of functional photosynthetic leaves, non-photosynthetic flower-bearing cephalium, CAM photosynthesis, huge sunken shoot apical both of which arise from the same shoot apical meristems, and fantastic stem architectures meristem.
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Structure of the Florida Key Tree Cactus, Pilosocereus Robinii, Using Restriction Site Associated DNA (RAD) Markers Tonya D
    Florida International University FIU Digital Commons FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations University Graduate School 7-3-2013 Genetic Structure of the Florida Key Tree Cactus, Pilosocereus robinii, using Restriction Site associated DNA (RAD) markers Tonya D. Fotinos [email protected] DOI: 10.25148/etd.FI13080703 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd Part of the Genomics Commons, Plant Breeding and Genetics Commons, and the Population Biology Commons Recommended Citation Fotinos, Tonya D., "Genetic Structure of the Florida Key Tree Cactus, Pilosocereus robinii, using Restriction Site associated DNA (RAD) markers" (2013). FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 914. https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/914 This work is brought to you for free and open access by the University Graduate School at FIU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in FIU Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of FIU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. FLORIDA INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY Miami, Florida GENETIC STRUCTURE OF THE FLORIDA KEY TREE CACTUS, Pilosocereus robinii, USING RESTRICTION SITE ASSOCIATED DNA (RAD) MARKERS . A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in BIOLOGY By Tonya Dee René Simons Fotinos 2013 To: Dean Kenneth G. Furton College of Arts and Sciences This thesis, written by Tonya Dee René Simons Fotinos, and entitled Genetic Structure of the Florida Key Tree Cactus, Pilosocereus robinii, using Restriction Site associated DNA (RAD) markers, having been approved in respect to style and intellectual content, is referred to you for judgment. We have read this thesis and recommend that it be approved.
    [Show full text]
  • Brasilicereus, Cipocereus, and Pilosocereus in Eastern Brazil
    Special Issue: Eastern Brazil ROOT GORELICK Brasilicereus, Cipocereus, and Pilosocereus in eastern Brazil obody goes to Brazil to see Bra- Minas Gerais. These are thin-stemmed, slightly silicereus or Cipocereus. Pilosocer- branched columns covered in short, straight spines. eus is hardly any more popular. Considering how thin the stems are, they remain Indeed, the only species in these remarkably upright, although they may occasion- three genera that most of my ally flop over and rest on rocks or other vegeta- cohorts were anxious to see on tion for support. B. markgrafii is the more dimin- the CSSA field trip was Piloso- utive of the two, with virtually unbranched two- cereus fulvilanatus. Yet plants in meter-tall stems just 1–2 cm in diameter. While all three of these genera are often statuesque and the spines are short and very light brown, they easy to cultivate, and Cipocereus and Pilosocereus can briefly sport a lovely shade of red on new plants often have waxy cuticles in various shades of growth. Closed flower buds are usually green blue and green, large bat-pollinated flowers, and big and have few petals, but the petal tips are red or, fruits that split open to yield brightly colored pulp. rarely, bluish, which seems to hint at the rela- N tionship with Cipocereus. Brasilicereus The more robust species, B. phaeacanthus, usu- ally has chocolate brown spines, from which the Brasilicereus is a genus of two species, B. phaea- name is derived (phaea = brown; canthus = spine). canthus and B. markgrafii, endemic to Bahía and This species branches more, forming plants to L LEFT Brasilicereus markgrafii; these typically upright stems are only 1–2 cm diameter.
    [Show full text]
  • Bradleya 31/2013 Pages 142-149
    Bradleya 31/2013 pages 142-149 Coleocephalocereus purpureus has a cephalium; Micrantho - cereus streckeri has a pseudocephalium (Cereeae, Cactoideae, Cactaceae) Root Gorelick Department of Biology, School of Mathematics & Statistics, and Institute of Interdisciplinary Studies Carleton University, 1125 Colonel By Drive, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6 Canada. (email: [email protected]). Photographs by the author Summary : The putatively closely related cactus Introduction genera of Coleocephalocereus , Micranthocereus , Cactaceae (cacti) in the tribe Cactoideae have Cereus , Monvillea , and Stetsonia have a wide a wide range of reproductive anatomies ranging range in specialization of reproductive portions of from cephalia to pseudocephalia to forms where the shoot, from cephalium to pseudocephalium to reproductive and vegetative structures are indis - no specialization. After briefly summarizing the tinguishable (Buxbaum, 1964, 1975; Mauseth, shifting uses of the terms ‘cephalium’ and ‘pseudo - 2006). cephalium’, I provide gross morphological evi - For instance, Melocactus Link & Otto, Disco - dence that Coleocephalocereus purpureus has a cactus Pfeiffer, and Espostoa Britton & Rose have true cephalium that is formed of a continuous true cephalia in which the flowering parts are not swath of bristles and hairs, with its underlying photosynthetic because every epidermal cell con - thick cortex of parenchyma replaced by a narrow tains a modified leaf that is a hair, bristle, or layer of cork. By contrast, Micranthocereus streck - spine, with no stomata amongst the epidermal eri has a pseudocephalium composed of nothing cells (Mauseth, 2006). Furthermore, there are more than larger hairier areoles in which the un - changes to the internal anatomy of cephalia, derlying epidermis is still photosynthetic and the where the underlying cortex is not a wide swath of underlying cortex is still a thick layer of highly succulent parenchyma, but instead a thin parenchyma without any noticeable cork.
    [Show full text]
  • Caribbean Food Crops Society 51St Annual Meeting July 19-July 24, 2015
    CARIBBEAN FOOD CROPS SOCIETY 51 Fifty-first Annual Meeting 2015 Paramaribo, Suriname Volume LI PROCEEDINGS OF THE 51st ANNUAL MEETING Caribbean Food Crops Society 51st Annual Meeting July 19-July 24, 2015 Royal Ballroom Hotel Torarica, Paramaribo, Suriname Edited by Ranoe S.Mangal-Jhari, Lydia Ori, Abdullah Adil Ansari, and Wilfredo Colon Published by the Caribbean Food Crops Society i ©Caribbean Food Crops Society ISSN 95-07-0410 Copies of this publication may be obtained from: CFCS Treasurer Agricultural Experiment Station Jardin Botanico Sur 1193 Calle Guayacan San Juan, Puerto Rico 00936-1118 CFCS Website: http://cfcs.eea.uprm.edu/ Mention of company and trade names does not imply endorsement by the Caribbean Food Crops Society. The Caribbean Food Crops Society is not responsible for statements and opinions advanced in its meeting or printed in its proceedings; they represent the views of the individuals to whom they are credited and are not binding on the Society as a whole. a Proceedings of the Caribbean Food Crops Society. 51:174-106. 2015 GALL FORMATION ON THE ENDANGERED CACTUS, LEPTOCEREUS QUADRICOSTA TUS CAUSED BY THE INVASIVE MEALYBUG, HYPOGEOCOCCUS PUNGENS (HEMIPTERA: PSEUDOCOCCIDAE) Giomara La Quay-Velazquez1-3, Matthew Ciomperlik2, and Jose C. Verle Rodrigues3. Department of Biology, University of Puerto Rico-Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico, 2USDA APHIS PPQ CPHST Mission Laboratory, Edinburg, TX, USA, 3Center for Excellence in Quarantine and Invasive Species, University of Puerto Rico, Agricultural Experimental Station, 1193 Guayacan Street, San Juan, Puerto Rico 00926. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: The introduction of Harrisia cactus mealybug (HCM), Hypogeococcus pimgens, in Puerto Rico causes concern due to its damaging effects to the structure of cacti communities, eliminating species, and severely compromising plant growth and reproduction of susceptible native species.
    [Show full text]
  • Phyllomedusa 20-1.Indd
    Phyllomedusa 20(1):105–108, 2021 © 2021 Universidade de São Paulo - ESALQ ISSN 1519-1397 (print) / ISSN 2316-9079 (online) doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.11606/issn.2316-9079.v20i1p105-108 Short CommuniCation Frugivory by Tropidurus hispidus (Squamata: Tropiduridae) on the cactus Pilosocereus pachycladus in the Brazilian Caatinga Ilton Nunes de Sousa Neto,¹ Vanessa Gabrielle Nóbrega Gomes,² and Zelma Glebya Maciel Quirino³ ¹ Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus II, 58397-000, Areia, PB, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. ² Instituto Nacional do Semiárido. Av. Francisco Lopes de Almeida, S/N, Serrotão, 58434-700, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. ³ Departamento de Engenharia e Meio Ambiente, Universidade Federal da Paraíba. Campus IV, 58297-000, Rio Tinto, PB, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]. Keywords: Cactaceae, lizard, mutualism, saurochory. Palavras-chave: Cactaceae, lagarto, mutualismo, saurocoria. The lizard Tropidurus hispidus (Spix, 1825) (Albu querque et al. 2018); however, data occurs in several types of open habitats in South concerning the identity of the plant species America (Carvalho 2013). It has a continuous consumed are scarce. distribution, mainly in areas of Caatinga and in Pilosocereus pachycladus subsp. pernam- coastal areas of northeastern Brazil, where it bucoensis (Ritter) Zappi is an arboreal, columnar extends across a large part of the Espinhaço cactus that attains a height of 6 m, and is endemic mountain range and occurs in sympatry with to the Brazilian semiarid region, occurring several congeners (Carvalho 2013). Tropidurus mainly in rupicolous environments (Zappi et al. hispidus is omnivorous and consumes small 2015, Batista et al.
    [Show full text]
  • PARTV the VEGETATION MAP of CUBA Paklv the Vegetation Map of Cuba 22 the Main Vegetation Types of Cuba
    PARTV THE VEGETATION MAP OF CUBA PAKlV The vegetation map of Cuba 22 The main vegetation types of Cuba . 389 22.1 Rainforests . 389 22.1.1 Submontane rainforests (Calophyllo- Carapetum guianensis) . 389 22.1.2 Wetmontanerainforests (Ocoteo-Magnolietalia) ..................... 392 22.1.3 Semi-arid montane serpentine rainforests (Podocarpo-Sloanetalia) .. , 396 • 22.1.4 Cloudforests or mossy forests (Weinmannio-Cyrilletalia) . 398 22.1.5 Semi-arid montane serpentine shrubwoods (Clusio-llicetalia) 400 22.1.6 Elfin thickets (Jlici-Myricion cacuminis) ............................... 402 22.2 Seasonal evergreen forests or seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.1 Lowland seasonal rainforests . 404 22.2.2 Submontane seasonalrainforests (Oxandro-Dipholietum) ............ 405 22.3 Semi-deciduous forests . 410 ~ 22.3.1 Semi-deciduous mesophytic forests (Oxandro-Burseretalia) . 410 22.3.2 Semi-deciduous xerophytic forests . .. .. 415 22.4 Tropical karstic forests . 416 22.4.1 Species rich karstic forests of western Cuba (Spathelio-Gaussion) 417 ,..~ 22.4.2 Species poor karstic forests of western Cuba (Thrinacion morrisii) . 418 22.4.3 Karstic forests of eastern Cuba (Tabebuio-Coccothrinacion) 418 22.4.4 Montane karstic forests (Tabebuio-Garryetum) .......... : . 419 22.5 Dry forests and shrubwoods . .. 419 22.5.1 Dry evergreen forests (Eugenio-Metopietalia toxiferi) ................. 420 22.5.2 Dry, thorny limestone shrubwoods ( Lantano-Cordietalia) . 423 22.5.3 Dry lowland serpentine shrubwoods (Phyllantho-Neobracetalia) ....... ·425 22.5.4 Semi-dry lowland serpentine shrublands (Ariadno-Phyllanthetalia) ..... 426 22.6 Semi-desert cactus scrubs (Consoleo-Ritterocereion hystricis) ................... 427 22. 7 Coniferous forests . 431 22. 7 .1 Pinus tropicalis forests on sand (Acoelorrapho- Pinion tropicalis) 431 22.7.2 Pinus caribaea and mixed oak-pine forests on slatey rocks (Pachyantho- Pinion caribaeae) ..............................................................
    [Show full text]