HELGOLANDER MEERESUNTERSUCHUNGEN 1 Helgol6nder Meeresunters. 50, Suppl., 83-96 (1996) zgl.: SCHRIFTENREIHE FOR LANDSCHAFTSPFLEGE UND NATURSCHUTZ, H. 47 (1996)

VII. Red List of of The Wadden Sea Area*

CONTRIBUTORS: : V. Mahler *~ : R. Suikat & Th. ABmann

INTRODUCTION

The beetles (Coleoptera) comprise one of the most species-rich orders of . With the many highly specialized species, the group is well suited as a tool to detect changes in or deterioration of the environment. In the Wadden Sea area - as delimited in the ge- neral introduction - about 300 of the occurring species are restricted in their dis- tribution to typical coastal habitats or are typically found there.

Delimitation of the area

We have followed rather strictly the generally agreed geographical delimitation of the area. The main habitats here are the regularly flooded tidal areas and salt-water marshlands outside the dikes. Other important habitats for beetles are beaches, dikes, dunes, heaths, heath moors, as well as brackish and freshwater pools. Especially in the northernmost area, along Varde ~, there are areas only flooded by spring tides and there- fore they are mainly freshwater marshlands.

Data source

Denmark: The basis is the published red list (Aasbirk & Sogaard, 1991). A revised red list is in preparation, but could not be considered. Germany: The basis is the red list for the German part of Wadden Sea area and Hel- goland (Suikat & Al~mann, 1995) and the red list of Schleswig-Holstein (Ziegler & Suikat, 1994).

This list forms part of the Report on the RED LISTS OF BIOTOPES, FLORA AND FAUNA OF THE TRILATERAL WADDEN SEA AREA. For basic information concerning, for example, func- tion of these lists, species taken into account, structure of the lists and abbreviations used, see also the general introduction to the Red Lists. Although from the no data on beetle species distribution are currently available, The Netherlands agree at this stage to the proposed overall status of threat. * Author of the introductory text.

Biologische Anstalt Helgoland, Hamburg und Bundesamt Kir Naturschutz, Bonn 84 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

Threats and Conservation

Many of the threats to the beetles are common to most of the organisms in the Wad- den Sea area. The following factors are mainly responsible for the endangering of beet- les, and corresponding human activities should be reduced or reglemented:

- intensive agricultural use:

- water regulation such as land reclamation, dyking, coastal defence, drainage; - habitat losses due to constructions for tourism purposes:

- trampling due to intensive recreational use;

- removal of driftage or accumulations of organic matter along the shore. Most adverse effects can be summarised as 'habitat losses due to agriculture, water regulation and tourism'. An assessment of the influence of North Sea pollution and eu- trophication is not possible now but a special problem is the increasing oil-pollution of the shores (very little of it due to accidents), which should be stopped very soon.

Summary

As no data on beetles in the Wadden Sea area are available from The Netherlands, the trilateral status of threat only refers to the Danish and German part of the Wadden Sea. In this area, in total, 238 species of beetles are threatened in at least one subregion. Of these, 189 species are threatened in the entire area and are therefore placed on the trilateral Red List. 4 species are (probably) extinct in the entire Wadden Sea area. The status of 24 species of beetles is (probably) critical, 46 species are (probably) endange- red, the status of 86 species is (probably) vulnerable and of 29 species (probably) sus- ceptible.

REFERENCES Asbirk, S. & S. Sogaard (Eds), 1991. Rodliste '90. Saerligt beskyttelseskr~evende planter og dyr i Dan- mark. Miljoministeriet, Skov- og Naturstyrelsen, Kobenhavn, 222 pp. Suikat, R. & Th. ABmann, 1995. Rote Liste der K~ifer des deutschen Wattenmeerbereichs und Hel- golands (mit Anhang: nicht gef~ihrdete Arten). - SchrReihe Landschaftspfl. Naturschutz 44. 85-99. Ziegler, W. & R. Suikat, 1994. Rote Liste der in Schleswig-Holstein gef~ihrdeten K~ferarten. Landes- amt for Naturschutz und Landschaftspflege Schlesig-Holstein, Kiel, 96 pp.

RED LIST OF BEETLES OF THE WADDEN SEA AREA* EX - Extinct: (?) Amara strenua (?) gracilipes Aphodius brevis (?) Apion difforme (?) Aphodius tomentosus (?) Micralymma marinum (?) Arena tabida (?) Xanthomus pallidus = Cylindronotus Bembich'on ephippium (?) Ca]osoma auropunctatum Cll - Critical: (?) Chaetocnema aerosa (?) Actophy]]a varendorffiana = Atheta v. Corn bocerus g]a ber Acupalpus elegans Dyschirius nitidus

* Question-marks indicate that in one of the subregions the status of threat is uncertain. Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 85

(7) rufipes Heterocerus obsoletus (7) Hydroporus notatus (7) IIybius angustior (7) Hydroporus rufifrons (7) Leiodes rubiginosa (7) Leiodes lunicollis rustica Meloe brevicollis (7) Mefigethes bidentatus (7) Meotica winkleri Ochthebius pusillus (7) Pterostichus macer Pha]acrus substriatus (7) Sitona cinerascens Phflonthus immundus (7) Tomoglossa heydemanni (7) Platystethus nitens (7) Trox cadaverinus Po]ydrusus pu]chel]us (7) Trox hispidus Pse]actus spadix Xenusa lohmanderi = Myrmecopora Smicronyx reichi Xyle tin us la ticollis Tachys micros Trichosirocalus thalhammeri = Ceutorhyn- EN - Endangered: chidius t. Aga b us labia tus (7) Tychus monilicornis Agon um scitulum Anotylus maritimus = Oxytelus perrisi VU - Vulnerable: (7) Anthribus scapu]aris Agabus conspersus Aphodius niger Aga bus melanocornis (7) Aphodius tene]lus Altica longicollis = Haltica britteni (7) Apion atomarium Amara convexiuscula Apion ]imonii Amara eyrinota = A. eurynota (7) Atheta puncticol]is (Benick) Amara infima pa]]idipenne Anthicus antherinus (7) Berosus signatico]lis Anthicus bimaculatus (7) Bledius baudii (7) Aphodius borealis Bledius diota Aphodius ictericus (?) Bledius furcatus Apion seniculus B]ethisa mu]tipunctata Apion vorax dathratus Bembidion bipunctatum Carabus nitens (?) Bembidion fumigatum Carpefimus halophi]us = Trogophloeus Bembidion iricolor Carpe]imus schneideri = Trogoph]oeus Bembidion lunatum (7) Cercyon granarius Bemt~dion maritimum Cicinde]a maritima Bembidion nigricorne Ci]]enus ]atera]is = Bembidion ]. Bledius dama = B. Mcornis Cordicomus sellatus = Anthicus Bledius spectabilis Cydodinus humilis = Anthicus Bledius tricomis Diglotta mersa Brachygluta helferi Dyschirius cha]ceus Cara b us pro blem a ticus Dyschirius impunctipennis vittata Gyrinus caspius Ceutorhynchus caki]is = Neosiroca]us Harpa]us fr6]ichi C]ivina col]aris = C. contracta Harpa]us serr~pes (?) Coe]ambus confluens (7) Helophorus laticol]is Coelambus parallelogramm us 86 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

(7) Dig]otta submarina Psylliodes marcida Dromius longiceps Quedius aridulus Dryops griseus Salpingus reyi Dryops simflaris (7) Sibinia primita Dyschirius obscurus Stenopelm us rufinasus Dyschirius politus Stenus calcaratus Ha]iplus apica]is Stenus melanopus (7) Haliplus furcatus Sten us nigritulus (?) Ha]iplus variegatus (7) Tachyporus pulchellus Harpalus anxius Tanymecus palliatus Harpa]us neg]ectus Trachyphloeus bifoveolatus Harpalus servus Trechus rubens (7) Helochares punctatus Xantholinus dissimilis (7) Helophorus fulgidicollis Heterocerus flexuosus SU - Susceptible: Heterocerus maritim us (?) Achenium humfle Heterothops binotatus (?) Actidium coarctatum Hister bissexstria tus Acupa]pus dubius Hoplia farinosa Aegialia spissipes = A. rufa (7) Hydroglyph us pusillus Anotylus insecatus Hydroporus nigrita (?) Atheta cauta Hypocaccus meta]]icus (?) Atheta luteipes Hypocaccus rugiceps Atomaria davigera (7) Ischnopoda scitula Bembidion stephensi (7) Laccornis oblongus Bledius praetermissus Leiodes ci]iaris (?) Bledius pusillus Leiodes furva Calathus ambiguus (7) Liog]uta pagana Cryptocephalus Longitarsus plan tagomaritim us Cybocephalus politus Masoreus wetterha]]ii (7) Dryops striatellus Me]igethes exi]is Gabrius toxotes Na cerdes m elan ura = Na cerda (7) Gronops inaequalis Nebria sa]ina Helophorus tuberculatus . (7) Necrophorus vestigator (7) Hydnobius punctatus Negastrius arenicola (7) Hydrosmecta longula = H. thinobioides Negastrius sabulicola (7) Hypocaccus dimidiatus ssp. maritimus rufipes = Baeckmanniolus maritim us Ochthebius auriculatus La throbium rn ultip uncta turn Ochthebius viridis Lepyrus palustris (7) Orthoperus brunnipes (7) Longitarsus reichei Otiorhynchus frisius (7) Mycetoporus baudueri = M. hellieseni Parocyusa longitarsis = Chilopora (?) Omalium laeviusculum Pelenomus zumpti = Phytobius Phytosus spinifer Phaleria cadaverina Rhantus bistriatus Pogon us luridipennis Trichocellus cognatus Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 87

LIST OF THREATENED BEETLES OF THE WADDEN SEA AREA

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) NL1 I Nds I SH 1 DK Carabidae

Acupalpus dubius Schitsky SU HAB SU SU SU Acupalpus elegans (Dej.) CR -(?) CR Agonum gracilipes (oft.) EX? ? EX Agonum scitulum Dej. EN WAT, HAB EN Amara convexiuscula (Marsh.) VU DIS, HAB VU VU *

(Panz.) VU HAB Amara eyrinota VU SU * = A. eurynota (Panz.) Amara infima (oft.) VU HAB, DIS VU SU *

Amara ovata (F.) * SU *

Amara quensefi (Schonh.) * SU SU * Amara strenua (Zimm) CR? (*) CR

Bembidion aeneum Germ. * VU * Bembidion bipunctatum (L.) VU WAT, HAB VU SU VU Bembidion ephippium (Marsh.) OR EN CR CR Bembidion fumigatum (Dft.) VU? ? VU * Bembidion iricolor Bedel MU HAB, WAT VU SU EN Bembidion lunatum (Dft.) VU WAT, HAB VU VU VU Bembidion maritimum Steph. VU WAT, HAB VU VU EN Bembidion nigricome GylL MU HAB VU SU

Bembidion normannum oej. * * VU Bembidion pallidipenne (ltlig.) EN HAB, DIS EN EN *

Bembidion stephensi Crotch SU SU SU Blethisa multipunctata L. EN HAB EN CR

Bradycellus ruficollis (Steph.) * SU * Calathus ambiguus (Payk.) SU HAB SU SU Calosoma auropunctatum (Herbst) CR? (*) CR Carabus clathratus L. EN HAB EN SU EN Carabus nitens L. EN EN CR EN

Carabus problematicus Herbst VU EN *

Cicindela hybrida L. * SU * Cicindela maritima Latr. EN HAB, DIS EN ] CR * 88 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) NL 1 Nds SH DK II II Cillenus lateralis Samouelle EN SU SU EN = Bembidion Latr. /. I! ' II Cfivina collaris Herbst = C. contracta (Fourc.) VU * VU i, Dromius Iongiceps Dej. VU HAB, WAT VU SU I u Dyschirius angustatus (Ahr.) SU SU ii Dyschirius chalceus Er. EN HAB SU SU EN Dyschirius impunctipennis Daws. EN HAB, DIS EN EN u Dyschirius nitidus Dej. CR WAT, HAB SU CR H Dyschirius obscurus Gyll. VU HAB VU SU i: Dyschirius politus (Dej.) VU WAT, HAB SU SU VU i: Harpalus anxius (Dff.) VU HAB EN SU i: Harpalus frdfichi Sturm EN HAB EN EN Harpalus neglectus Serv. VU HAB VU SU Harpalus sernpes (Quenset) EN HAB EN SU ii Harpalus sen~us (Dff.) VU HAB VU SU Masoreus wetterhaflii (Gyll.) VU HAB, DIS VU VU ii Nebria salina Fair VU * EN Notiophilus germinyi Fauv. * HAB VU * = N. hypocrita Curt.

NotJophilus rufipes Curt. VU * EN u

Notiophilus substriatus Waterhouse * * SU ii

Pogonus chalceus (Marsh.) * EN i: Pogonus luridipennis (Germ.) MU SU SU EN Pterostichus macer (Marsh.) CR? (*) CR u

Tachys micros (Fischer de Waldh.) EN HAB, WAT EN u Trechus rubens (F.) VU HAB VU VU II Trichocellus cognatus (Gyn.) SU SU SU

Haliplidae , Haliplus apicalis Thorns. VU VU VU * Haliplus furcatus (Seidlitz) VU? (*) VU Haliplus variegatus (Sturm) VU? (*) vu

. Dytiscidae ,AgaOusconsper us Marsh I VO I I VU SU I VU Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 89

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) Threats NL 1 Nds SH DK [ Agabus labiatus (Brahm) EN EN EN * J! Agabus melanocornis Zimm VU CR * II Coelambus confluens (F.) VU? ? VU IJ J Coelambus parallelogrammus (Ahr.) MU VU VU * II I Hydroglyphus pusillus (F.) VU? (*) * VU II I Hydroporus nigrita (F.) MU VU VU * II I Hydroporus notatus (Sturm) CR? (*) CR II I Hydroporus rufifrons (Meller) CR? (*) CR It J Ilybius angustior (Gyll.) EN? (*) EN II I Ilybius subaeneus Er. * SU SU * J~ J Laccomis oblongus (Steph.) VU? (*) VU VU II I Rhantus bistriatus (Bergstr.) SU SU SU ii i Rhantus exsoletus (Forst.) * SU SU * It J Rhantus notatus (F,) * VU * ii i Rhantus suturellus (Hart.) * VU *

Gyrinidae [i i LI Gyrinus caspius Men. I EN ii i Ochthebius auriculatus Rey MU VU * SU i Ochthebius pusillus Steph. EN EN -(?) Ochthebius viridis Peyron VU VU SU EN

ydrophilidae

Berosus slgnaticollis (Charpentier) EN? (*) EN i Cercyon depressus Steph. *? ? SU * i , Cercyon granarius Er. EN? ? EN , Cryptopleurum crenatum (Panz.) *? ? SU * i Helochares punctatus (Sharp) MU? (*) VU EN : Helophorus fulgidicollis Motsch. MU? ? EN * ,i Helophorus laticollis (Thorns.) EN? (*) EN i Helophorus rufipes Bosc. CR? ? CR

Helophorus tuberculatus Gyll. SU SU -(?)

Histeridae ii i1: z Hister bissexstriatus F. I VU I I- IENI 90 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral)

Hypocaccus dimidiatus ssp. maritimus (Steph.) = Baeckmanniolus Reichardt SU? maritimus (Steph.) Hypocaccus meta//icus (Hrbst,) VU Hypocaccus rugiceps (0~.) VU

Hypocaccus rugifrons (Payk.) * SUphidae Necrophorus vestigator (Herschel) ] VU? [ Leiodidae Hydnobius punctatus (Sturm) SU? Leiodes ciliaris (Schm.) VU Leiodes furva (Er.) MU Leiodes lunicollis (Rye) CR? Leiodes rubiginosa (Schmidt) EN? Ptiliidae Actidium coarctatum (Halid.) SU? Ptenidium punctatum (Gyll.) *? Staphylinidae Achenium humi/e (Nicolai) SU? Actophylla varendorffiana (Bernh. & Scheerp) CR? = Atheta Bernh. Scheerp. V.

Amischa cavifrons (Shp.) * Anotylus insecatus Grav. SU Anotylus maritimus Thorns. EN = Oxytelus Grav. perrisi Fauv. Anotylus nitidulus (Grav.) = Oxytelus Grav. Arena tabida (Kiesw,) iR...... __.__.~7 c Atheta cauta (Er.) SU? Atheta luteipes (Er.) SU? Atheta puncticollis (Benick) EN?

Bledius baudii (Fauv.) w EN? (Motsch.) Bledius dama VU = B. bicomis (Germ.) Bledius diota Schi0dte EN Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 91

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) ....NL 1 Nds SH DK ,, i i [i Bledius furcatus (Olivier) EN? (*) EN ,,, i ] ]1

Bledius praetermissus Will. SU i SU SU i J ii Bledius pusflus (Er.) SU? (*) SU i ,- i ii Bledius spectabilis Kr. VU i VU VU VU i 1 ii Bledius tricomis (Hbst.) VU i ,., VU VU Brundinia meridionalis (Muls. Rey) SU SU I u Carpelimus halophilus Kiesw. EN SU SU EN = Trogophloeus Mannerheim 1 LI Carpelimus schneideri Ganglb, EN SU EN = Trogophloeus Mannerheim EN L i ii Diglotta mersa Hal. EN SU SU EN l t~ Diglotta submarina Fairm. VU? ? EN i II Gabrius keysianus Sharp * r SU SU ,,, i Gabrius toxotes Joy SU SU SU i * I Halobrecta flavipes Thorns. * SU SU i ii . iI Halobrecta puncticeps (Thorns.) I SU SU * I I I II Heterethops binotatus (Grav.) VU VU SU I Hydrosmecta Iongula (Heer) SU? ? SU = H. thinobioides (Kr.) I I II Ischnopoda scitula (Er.) MU? (*) VU VU I I II Lathrebium multipunctatum Gray. SU SU SU I I II Liogluta pagana (Er.) VU? ? VU | , , J II Meotica winkleri Benick OR? ? CR I I II Micralymma marinum (Stroem.) EX? -(?) EX I t II Mycetoporus baudueri Mulsant & Rey SU? '? SU = M. hellieseni Strand I I fl

Ocypus ater (Gray.) * SU t I II Omafium laeviusculum Gyll. SU? ? SU I I II

Omafium littorale Kr. * I' SU SU I' II Parocyusa Iongitarsis (Er.) VU i j EN VU VU = Chilopora Kraatz I I II Philonthus immundus (GylL) EN SU SU EN I I II i Philonthus salinus Kiesw. SU SU I I II Phytosus balticus Kr. * SU SU i 92 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

, i, Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) NL 1 Nds SH I DK Phytosus spinifer cur SU SU SU Platystethus nitens (Sahib.) EN? ? EN Quedius aridulus Janss. VU VU SU * Quedius semiaeneus Steph. SU SU II Quedius simpficifrons Fa,'m. SU SU = Q. hispanicus Bernh. II Quedius tristis (Grav.) SU SU i Stenus calcaratus Sriba VU VU ii Stenus crassus Steph. SU * L, Stenus intermedius Rey *? ? SU = S. problematicus Kevan Allen nn Stenus melanopus Marsh. VU VU SU nn Stenus nigritulus Gyll MU SU EN nn Tachyporus pulchellus Mannh. VU? ? VU pl Tachyporus tersus Er VU I ii Tomoglossa heydemanni Lohse CR? ? CR i Xantholinus dissimilis coiff. VU SU SU VU !,I Xantholinus roubali coiff. *? ? SU !,i Xenusa Iohmanderi Bernh. CR -(?) CR = Myrmecopora Saulcy Pselaphidae Brachygluta helferi (Schm) VU VU VU Tychus monilicornis (Reitter) EN? (*) EN Melyridae Psilothrix viridicoeruleus (Fourc.) *: I = P. cyaneus (Oily.) Elateridae Negastrius arenicola (Bohem.) VU SU EN * Negastrius sabulicola (Bohem.) VU VU Dryopidae Dryops griseus (Er.) VU ? VU Dryops simflaris eollow VU ? EN Dryops striatellus (Fairrn. & Bris.) SU? ? SU Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 93

Heteroceridae Heterocerus flexuosus Steph. VU Heterocerus maritimus Guerin VU Heterocerus obso/etus Curt. EN Nitidulidae L Meligethes bidentatus Brisout t EN? t Me/igethes exi/is Sturm VU Cybocephalidae Cybocephalus politus Gylt. T- su I Erotylidae Combocerusglaber(schalL) I CR I Cryptophagidae Atomaria clavigera Gglb. ~ SU t

Atomaria fuscipes (Gyll.) * Phalacridae

Phalacrus substriatus Gytl. [ EN I Latridiidae Corticaria pubescens Gyll. I *? I Corylophidae Orthoperus brunnipes (Gyll.) I VU? I Coccinellidae

Nephus bisignatus Bob. = Scymnus Kugel * *? Nephus limonii Donisth. = Scymnus Kugel Anobiidae Xyletinus laticollis (purr.) I CR [ )edemeridae T Nacerdes melanura (L.) I VU = Nacerda Steph. 1 Salpingidae SalpingusreyiAb. [ VU [ Anthicidae Anthicusantherinus(L) L VU i 94 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area i, (trilateral) NL I Nds SH DK I II Anthicus bimaculatus (l|lig.) VU VU EN * II Cordicomus sellatus (Panz.) EN CR EN = Anthicus Payk.

Cyclodinus humi/is (Germ.) EN EN CR = Anthicus Payk. i, Meloidae II II Meloe brevicollis Panz. I CR II I I Ic ,, Tenebrionidae II Phaleria cadaverina (Fabr.) VU VU SU - II )~anthomus pallidus (Curt.) EX? -(?) EX - = Cylindronotus Fald.

Trogidae it Trox cadaverinus (lllig.) CR? ? CR

Trox hispidus (Pontoppidan) OR? (*) EX EN tl Scarabaeidae

Aegialia spissipes (Le Conte) SU SU SU SU = A. rufa (F.)

Aphodius borealis Gyll. VU? ? EN *

Aphodius brevis Er. OR CR

Aphodius ictericus (Laicharting) VU VU VU

Aphodius niger (Panz.) EN EN

Aphodius plagiatus (L.) * VU * *

Aphodius tenellus (Say) EN? (*) EN

Aphodius tomentosus (MUller) OR? (*) CR Hoplia farinosa (L.) VU (*) vu

Chrysomelidae

Altica Iongicollis (Allard) VU VU SU = Haltica F. bdtteni Sharp II Cassida flaveola Thunberg * VU * * ii Cassida vittata Vitlers VU VU VU * ii Chaetocnema aerosa (Letzner) CR? ? CR ii Chaetocnema sahlbergi (Gyll.) *? ? SU * l= Cryptocephalus rufipes Goeze "SU SU SU it Longitarsis atricillus (L.) *? ? SU * Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area 95

i Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) NL 1 Nds SH DK ii Longitarsus plantagomaritimus Dollman VU VU VU * rl Longitarsus reichei (Allard) SU? ? SU SU ii Mantura rustica (L.) EN EN EN VU

Phaedon concinnus Steph. * SU SU * ii Psylliodes marcida (lllig.) VU VU VU *

Anthribidae u Anthribus scapularis (Sebler) I EN? I

Apionidae

Apion atomarium (Kirby) EN? (*) EN VU :

ApJon difforme Germ. EX? ? EX

Apion limonii Kirby EN EN SU i

Apion ononis Kirby * SU SU * Apion seniculus Kirby MU VU SU *

Apion vorax Herbst VU VU VU

Curculionidae

Ceutorhynchus cakilis (Hansen) VU VU VU * = Neoslrocalus Wagner

Ceutorhynchus cochleariae (Gyll.) * * VU *

Gronops inaequalis (Boheman) SU? (*) - SU ii Lepyrus palustris (scopoli) SU SU SU SU u Mecinus collaris Germ. * SU SU * L, F Notaris bimaculatus (F.) * * SU * Otiorhynchus frisius Schneider VU EN VU *

Pelenomus zumpti (wagner) VU EN VU SU = Phytobius Auct. nec Sch~nh. ii Polydrusus pulchellus Steph. EN EN SU SU t' Pselactus spadix (Herbst) EN EN EN * : tl Sibinia primita (Herbst) VU? (*) vu 11 Sitona cinerascens Fahrs. CR? ? CR Smicronyx reichi Gyll. EN EN

Stenopelmus rufinasus Gyll. VU * CR Tanymecus palliatus (F.) VU VU VU * 96 Beetles of the Wadden Sea Area

Status of threat in the subregions of Red List Threats the Wadden Sea Area (trilateral) NL 1 Nds SH DK Trachyphloeus bifoveolatus Becker VU VU VU * Trichosirocalus thalhammeri (Schultze) EN EN EN SU = Ceutorhynchidius du Val t.

1 No data are available from The Netherlands.

Status of threat: EX = Extinct; CR = Critical; EN = Endangered; VU = Vulnerable; SU = Susceptible; * = not endan- gered; ? = status of endangerment is not exactly known; - = species does not occur; -(?) = species probably does not occur; (*) = it is unknown if or if not this species occurs. Threats: AFF = afforestation; AGR = agriculture; CLI = climatic change; DIS = disturbance; EUT = eutrophi- cation; EXL = exploitation of living resources; EXM = mineral exploitation; FOR = forestry; HAB = loss of habitat; PAR = parasites; POL = pollution; WAT = water regulation.

For more detailed descriptions see the general introduction to the Red Lists.