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Tony Norris

VOL. 58

THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 11,1976 FORDHAM UNIVERSITY, NEW YORK Jesuits, Students Urge Pro-Life Funding

by Neil Grealy Co-Director of COPE Tom Mclntyre clarified the operation of that activity in reply A petition signed by 112 Jesuits and to the description offered in Glynn's letter. about twice as many students was presented He stated "Abortion referrals make up only to the Student Activities Budget Committee 2'/2 of the total calls we've handled this ""(SABC)last Tuesday, urging the committee semester. Last year, referrals to abortion to fund an on-campus pro-life group, agencies and to Birthright (A pro-life service) according to John Glynn, president of the made up 92'/2 of the total calls. We refer Fordham Pro-Life Alliance. people either way: to abortion agencies or to The petition was forwarded as part of an adoption services. We are non-partisan." oral appeal given by Glynn before the The petition and appeal did COPE an committee. In the text, the SABC's funding injustice, according to Jeane Smirka, a "of abortion-referral clubs, such as COPE," COPE co-director. "The pro-life people was used as an argument for the allocation gave us a political stand. We're not a political of monies to a pro-life activity. In a written group." appeal given to the SABC earlier, the same Rev. Gerard Reedy, the only Jesuit on argument was advanced more strongly: the SABC. stated he "hates to see COPE "SABC funds COPE, which includes among characterized only as an abortion-referral its services abortion referrals. In other words, agency. It was an awful thing to label them our members are paying a student activities that way. They handle mostly academic fee for COPE to refer Fordham women to problems, and I would hate to have them abortion clinics; this is heinous immorality. hurt by this." By funding such a group and refusing to Reedy feels the petition has influenced give us (FPLA) any money, the SABC has the way he is viewing COPE's own appeal certainly taken a pro-abortion stance." for additional funds. "The questions I asked the COPE people when they appealed arose from what the Pro-Life people said." Glynn said several copies of the petition had been circulated. Members of the FPLA collected the student signatures, and Cam- pus Ministries Director Peter Conroy brought by Maria Basile went out of business after roller skaters and it to the attention of the Jesuit community. What do you remember of the 1964-65 the elements corroded the terrazzo floor Conroy is also moderator of the FPLA. World's Fair in Queens? Maybe you and the stained-glass roof was chipped Conroy explained his involvement in the remember the crowds of people as you apart. And it looks like another building petition matter as simply posting the petition waited for a chance to ride a boat through will soon be gone. in Faber Hall, the main Jesuit residence on Walt Disney's "It's a Small World" exhibit Congress appropriated $530,000 for the campus. or to travel the swift monorail, an example demolition of the United States Pavilion, The FPLA has been unsuccessful three of future sleekness. Maybe you remember an eight-story structure covering an area times previously in its attempts to receive the fantasy world of streamers and domes, almost an entire city block long. The money from the SABC. It is a group of waterfalls, flowered plazas, and traveling General Services Administration, the fede- about forty students whose purpose is to musicians dressed in national costumes. ral agency in charge of government "dedicate and commit ourselves to the You probably stood in awe looking up at buildings, gave final approval October 7 to conviction that a human life in its essence, in the giant Unisphere, or the arch with its a $147,000 low bid by a New England every aspect and in ever]/ age, must be theme, "Peace through Understanding." building corporation to tear down the protected, enhanced, loved, and embraced by every member of the human communi- Today if you go back to Flushing structure which attracted 55 million visitors ty." Glynn maintains, however, that the Meadows-Corona Park in Queens you'd during the World's Fair. group is "educational, and not political." need to think hard to remember what it The site would be seeded and returned The decision on funds for FPLA was was like. The Unisphere still stands, but to its original park condition. postponed twice already, but is expected to surrounding it are the desolate remains of The official contract is the culmination of be announced next Tuesday. If the funding that dream world of the sixties, silent a series of defeats which a coalition of is approved, the SABC might be faced with except for the graffiti that shouts from community groups has been fighting for another problem, whether or not a pro-abor- scrawled walls. the last ten years. In a Ram interview, David Oats, president of the Flushing tion group would also have to be funded if No more are there long lines of kids or they appealed. Reedy said that 'this would ponies to ride or innovative exhibits that Meadows Corona Park World's Fair As- sociation, discussed the opposition he and The Maf OOII be a legal problem and lawyers would have can place you anywhere you want to be, VICE PRESIDENT CRAWLEY : to be consulted before a decision was made.' past, present, or future. Gone are the other community leaders have fought. The SABC will review its policy on Vice President for Student Affairs Kodak buildings, and the Bell Systems What follows is his account: funding groups that espouse political Wlliam Crawley said the SABC is currently ride. The New York State Pavilion, with its continued on page 8 causes, including the Pro-Life Alliance reconsidering its option to fund any political marble-floor map of the United States and The Democratic and Republican clubs continued on page 4 The Ram Thursday, November 11,1976 Page 2 NEWS-ROUNDUP Phonothon Gannon Debate Bubble gum. Abortion. Treepruners. and best novice negative speaker in Baseball. Consumer protection. Those are debate. the kinds of things that are winning for the Gannon Debate will compete at South- ern Connecticut State College this week- by William Bole Gannon Debate team this year. Last weekend, Gannon swept the Sus- end, and in December at Montclair State The University's annual phonothon pro- quehanna Invitational, taking six trophies, College, in New Jersey. gram began last Sunday at Rose Hill with including first place in the all-around an overflow of volunteers from various sweepstakes. Individual winners were Jodi student clubs and groups. Fordham alumni Liss, first place in oral interpretation; throughout the country are being con- Jackie Meyer, second place in original tacted by phone for contributions which oratory; Bob Emmons, first place in this year will be earmarked mainly for extemporaneous speaking; and Susan student financial aid and scholarships, Grosh, second place in oral interpretation, according to Jim Connel, special projects assistant to the Development office. Last year, the phonothon raised about $76,000. and "we will most likely improve Values Symposium on that total this year," Connel asserted. Connel said that "the volunteers find University President James Finlay will students from all disciplines are invited to attend. that they enjoy themselves tremendously welcome participants next Tuesday to the McGowan said he sees the Values Pro- when the entire club or group lends a Fordham College Values Program Sympo- gram as the "germ for institutional change" hand. Despite the large turnout," he sium on Values and Technology in the within the University. added, "the program still needs support Campus Center ballroom. Following his introduction at 10:30 a.m. from the student body." will be a morning session until 1 p.m. and an This year, the President's Club has afternoon session from 2:30-5 p.m. challenged the alumni of Fordham Univer- Associate Dean of Fordham College and LACs Talent Night sity to a matching grant of $500,000. They Director of the Values Program, Joseph have agreed to match any increased gift or McGowan, said this is the first in a series of Lincoln Center's second annual Talent Ministries with the assistance of the Student any new gifts from those alumni who have academic symposiums which will replace the Night, held on Monday In Pope Audi- Programming Alliance, was held for the not contributed before. Tuesday Club meetings of the past several torium surpassed the usual low expecta- benefit of the Danian Center of Poona, in Telephone communication has proved years. Manoucher Parvin, associate profes- tions inspired by such proceedings. the Dhanbad district of India. The center to be much more effective in gathering sor of economics will chair the symposium. cares for children whose parents are contributions than the standard mailing In presenting speakers from departments This year, Talent Night had perfor- afflicted by leprosy. procedures, Connel stated. By mail, only a of economics, sociology,, philosophy, art mances at 3 and 7 p.m. Rev. Fred Lerro, a Talent Night organi- two or three percent return is expected. history, physics, communications, industrial Producer-director Darryl Cherney, a 1976 graduate of the Liberal Arts College zer, said he did not yet know how much One out of every four alumni contacted by engineering, and banking, the symposium and presently a student in the School of money was raised this year. He called the phone respond generously, he said. will look at crucial human problems from second annual Talent Night "twice as various viewpoints and integrate findings in Education, was the host. Besides introduc- The ten-day effort will continue through successful" as last year's show. According an interdisciplinary approach. Faculty and ing acts, he performed some of his own Thursday, November 18, in Hughes Hall. compositions on guitar, including "It Ain't to Lerro, the first Talent Night held for the Easy," the theme song of Cherney's play benefit of Mother Theresa's Calcutta in- Family Scenes, which was recently per- firmary, involved around 45 students. This Jaworski To Speak formed at the downtown campus. ' year's show involved 60 students. A stand-out performance of the evening Leon Jaworski, the well-known former The many positions held by Jaworski in show featured Nikki Orth-Pallavacini. Watergate special prosecutor, will give the the past include Chief of the War Crimes Cherny introduced her with the obligatory seventh annual John F. Sonnett Memorial Trials Section of the United States Army in line, "With a name like that, you have to Lecture on February 15. 1977 in Pope the European Theatre after World War II, be good." And she was. Accompanying Auditorium of the Lincoln Center campus. and president of the American Bar As- herself on folk guitar, Nikki did three Jaworski was appointed by former Presi- sociation. numbers with a voice that comes close to dent Nixon in 1973 after the Saturday The annual lecture honors John F. Joan Baez. Perhaps not coincidentally, Night Massacre, in which the original Sonnett, a 1936 graduate of Fordham Law two of her songs—"Prison Trilogy" and Watergate special prosecutor, Archibald School. Some of the past speakers were "Passionate Stranger"—were written by Cox. was fired. The Texas lawyer has Chief Justice of the United States Supreme Baez. She declined to sing more, although recently published a book on his experi- Court, Warren Burger, and former Su- the audience applauded enthusiastically. ences in prosecuting those implicated in preme Court Justice Tom Clark. The program, sponsored by Campus the Watergate scandal.

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Now York 10022 • (212) 832-2089 The Ram Thursday, November 11,1976 Page 3 Who's Afraid by Jeff Dorsch Four members of the Metropolitan Opera company came to the Pope Auditorium at the Lincoln Center campus on Tuesday afternoon to discuss their parts in the upcoming November 19 production of Esclarmonde. Of Opera? The four were Richard Bonynge, con- ductor; Joan Sutherland, soprano and Bonynge's wife; Lotfi Mansouri, stage di- rector; and Beni Montresor, designer. The moderator of the panel discussion on the new Met production was Robert Sherman, of the classical music station WQXR. Bonynge began the discussion by talking about Esclarmonde itself. Written by French composer Jules Massenet (1842-1912) in 1889, it is one of the lesser known and performed of Massenet's 24 operas. Bonynge said he selected the opera as a vehicle for Sutherland since it is heavily influenced by the works of Richard Wagner, and thus is well-suited for her present range of performance. Sutherland added her role had grown on her as she came to know it, and said this kind of mature role was better at this point in her career. She commented it was harder for her to convincingly play the part of "a sixteen-year-old ingenue," a common character in the bel canto operas. Mansogri and Montresor talked about their part in designing the new production, land interjected. Which was previously given at the San During a question period with the audi- Francisco War Memorial Opera House. ence, Sutherland was asked about her Mansouri said he was originally "terrified" at feelings on those Met Opera-goers who are the prospect of stage directing Esclarmonde, compelled to applaud many times during a Pre-Xmas Exams especially after reading such stage directions performance, often obscuring,the final notes in the libretto as "the 32 phantasmagoric of especially beautiful passages with their virgins appear." Montresor, on the Jhex premature applause. Sutherland gently sug- gested she felt there were certain moments Proposed In Two Plans hand, welcomed the opportunity, saying he felt like a child'playing with an incredible toy she had at the Met when applause was not by Connie Cullen reading days on December 12, 13, 14; and theater. Both promised spectacular cos- apt, but said she always appreciated the Do Fordham College students still want exams from December 15 to 22. The tumes, settings, and effects. When asked accolade. pre-Christmas exam schedule, which will number of class days is the same as in Plan A. what colors he was using, Montresor replied: Bonynge said few cuts were made in the present new responsibilities and problems Plan C also places exams before Christ- "No black, white, or gray. We used all the score, and optional high notes, added to the for students, teachers, and administrators. nas with registration on August 31, and other colors." Chief among the impressive score by Sybil Sanderson, were dropped to The coordination of the Fordham Col- September 1 and 2; exams from December scenes in the opera, Mansouri said, would accomodate Sutherland. He estimated the lege's academic calendar with the calendars 15 to 22. There will be 65 class days under be the crumbling of the city under siege in length of the performance at three-and-a- of other University schools and the offices of his schedule. the third act. "We're going to have film half to three-and-a-quarter hours. Suther- the Registrar, Bursar, Housing and Summer Holidays for all three plans are: Labor projections, smoke and lots of fire," the land, who sang in the San Francisco Opera Session is the most crucial element in Day, except in Plan A, in which classes start stage director added. production of Esclarmonde, said she found preparing the new calendar. after Labor day; Columbus Day; Election the acoustics at the Met to be "warm" and Bonynge and the others on the panel Three calendars have been proposed so Day; and the two-day Thanksgiving prefers it to the War Memorial Opera House. praised the opera for its lyric sensuality in the far for 1977-78. vacation. score. The conductor noted composer Mas- According to Kevin Fitzpatrick, the repre- Plan A calls for exams after Christmas and To adopt a pre-Christmas schedule, fall senet was thought to be having an affair with sentative of the Metropolitan Opera who is similar to this year's calendar with 66 class egistration will have to begin before Labor the American opera singer Sybil Sanderson arranged the presentation with University days. Day in order to achieve the required number when he wrote Esclarmonde. "One doesn't Relations, well over 300 people attended Plan B calls for exams before Christmas, }f class days, spring registration and classes know how far they went, however," Suther- the hour-long discussion. with registration on August 19, 30, and 31; •vould begin earlier in January, and final jxams would be completed in early May. Teachers and students would then be able to Concert Sales Going Wei start their projects, studies or jobs earlier. The most cited complaints against pre- The Stephen Stills concert shows signs of Christmas exams is that a compressed fall being a success, according to Assistant Dean semester puts a great deal of pressure on for Campus Activities Lynn Budd and Mini faculty and students themselves as the Concerts Student Director Lew Lubelle. semester closes. The break between the last day of classes and first day of exams gives Budd said Mini Concerts has already sold students more time to devote to their class as many tickets to Fordham students, for work, assert advocates of post-Christmas Stills as for the Beach Boys concert in 1970. exams. Students, however, have held that The actual number of sales has reached they are pressured whenever exams are 1,500 and have spread off-campus. Cur- given and that no such break for in-depth rently, there are efforts to attract other work appears at the end of the spring Metropolitan area schools whose students semester. could make the weekday evening, he In the Campus Center lobby each day added. until November 19, a table will be manned Both Budd and Lubelle are optimistic by members of the Fordham College student about a possible sellout. Budd pointed out, government for students to sign a petition however, that door sales will leave the that states, "We, the undersigned, do question of a sellout unanswered, but hereby petition for pre-Christmas exams. predicted, "We'll probably be close to selling We are willing to return as early as August out, at least within 500 seats." 24, 1977 for registration." Lubelle said the success of the Stills concert could be an indication that more major concerts could follow. He said smaller Why do 70% of all CPA candidates concerts last year were cheaper, but drew LUBELLE ulik fail the CPA exam small crowds. The Wednesday evening date has not affected ticket sales, Lubelle said. Because a new approach is needed Student response to the concert has been KILLARNEY ROSE BAR in preparing for the CPA exam ... quite favorable, but not just because of Stills' Introducing popularity, both Lubelle and Budd said. Although some students did acknowledge 2495 Webster Ave. they liked Stills going as far back as the MAJOR CPA REVIEW early clays of Crosby, Stills, Nash, and Under the advisorship of Voung, many are simply pleased with the One half block South of Fordham idea of a major concert taking place on David Minars, MBA, CPA, JD. campus. Road AWARD WINNING TEACHER A number of upptrcliissnien expressed 15 W. 44th St., NYC 10036 disappointment about previous Mini-Concert SPECIAL Wednesday Night 7-9pm Tel.: 212-575-1446 efforts, recalling particularly the perform- Beginning Jan. 17, 1977 for May Exam. ances of Pattl Smith, who was booed off the $1.00 Pitcher of Beer Call or write for brochure. stiuje, and Jay Siluerheels, a disco band that d very Ji.tlk return .in .ticket sales. , The Ram Page 4 Thursday, November 11,1976 THE RAM SERVING CAMPUS AND COMMUNITY SINCE 1918 Funding Does Not Mean Approval right to express a viewpoint. In a university, this Several issues ago, The Ram editorialized on the by a campus club constitutes any "pro-abortion" right must be safeguarded. At the same time, if a subject of funding for the Fordham Pro-Life Alli- stance. "pro-abortion" group of students should arise, they ance, a student group opposing abortion. While The The slick petition, however, does not defer from should receive exactly the same amount of money Ram made no judgement itself on the morality of the need to fund Pro-Life. As this newspaper stated abortion, we agreed the club should be funded as a before, funding a group does not stamp "approval" as Pro-Life, to doubly Insure no one viewpoint is matter of freedom of speech. on any moral issue, but says only the group has the given preference. The arguments against funding the group —as told by members of the Student Activities Budget Committee — is that it would necessitate the fund* A Christmas Wish ing of a "pro-abortion" group, a situation the SABC And . . . faced with all that, the students swallow would not like to find itself in. Death, taxes, and the pre-Christmas exam debate. hard and enjoy theli two-week breather over In their latest and final appeal to that body for Each year around midsemester, students begin Christmas worrying about exams that could (and funding, the members of the PLA refer to COPE, the thinking how much nicer it would be to have a should) have been over long before the tinsel went student-to-student counseling and crisis service as long, restful Christmas break instead of one on the tree. such a "pro-abortion" group, and charges the SABC peppered with exams and registration days. After with violating their own guidelines regarding fund- all, "all the other guys and girls at the other schools College of Business Administration Dean Robert ing of such organizations. To support their claim, a have it that way." Senkier took the lead last year to initiate pre- petition signed by 112 Jesuits and twice as many Christmas exams at CBA. It came up at Fordham students was presented to the SABC at their recent "How come we can't have it that way? Huh?" they College, too. meeting. invariably ask. But could this finally be the year? Is it possible? The rhetoric of the petition is compelling, yet it Good question. So good. In fact, that it keeps The Ram urges students to make believe this is the rests on a weak premise. That is, of course, that coming up, year after year. And each year students first time they ever heard the debate, and sign the COPE is such a "pro-abortion" group. As that are swamped with facts and figures concerning petitions in the Campus Center favoring pre- organization's directors point out, only 2% of the class days, and summer sessions, and dormitory Christmas exams. And, for our part, The Ram "business" COPE does concerns abortion referrals. regulations and pre-Labor Day registration, and, endorses completely the pre-Chrismas exam sche- Furthermore, we doubt the rendering of this service and, and . . . dule being proposed at the FC Council.

KEVIN HAYES The Ram is the University-wide newspaper at Fordham University, serving campus and community continuously since 1918. The Ram is published every Tuesday and Thursday. Campus advertising deadline: Monday, 2:30 pm, and Wednesday, 2:30 pm. National Advert- Editor-in-Chief ising representatives: National Educational Advertising Service and College Advertising Service. The Ram receives news bulletins and JOSEPHPALENCHAR columns from the College Press Service, which copyrights 'Con-Pro.' Editorial Office: Faculty Memorial Hall, Rose Hill campus, Room 428. Copy Olfice: Rose Hill, FMH 429. At Lincoln Center, Room 408C. Business Office, Rose Hill, FMH 443. Telephone Numbers: 2950962, 933- Executive Editor 9765, and 933-2233 exts. 545,546. Address letters and correspondence to The Ram, Box B, Fordham University, Bronx, New York, 9458. Of her Voices: IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIHIIMIIIII To the Editor: A Nation Of Tribes Courses in Latin American politics at Fordham University are in danger of becom- Peter Kovacs ing extinct. In recent years, the Political Science Department has offered several 'America is a nation of tribes.' courses in Latin American politics. How- As I heardVillage Voice columnist Paul ever, this semester none of the courses were Cowan utter these words, I began to offered. envision the truth of his statement. We are a group of students of different Cowan talked about an article he did in nationalities and majors interested in de- the August 23 edition of theVoice entitled monstrating to the Political Science Depart- 'Border War in Chicago.' He spoke of ment that there is a strong student concern extreme ethnic divisions within the Midwest- with what is happening "south of the ern metropolis. It was similar to situations in border." many major American cities. Chicago was no different from New York or Boston from In promoting Latin American courses, we the standpoint of racial and ethnic conflicts. can extend a basic understanding of the In Chicago's Marquette Park section, one parameters involved in the relations between type of ethnic separtism was taking place. the United States and its neighboring Latin The neighborhood was almost totally Lith- American countries. To neglect such courses uanian, according to Cowan, consisting of would mean Ignoring a whole continent. immigrants who fled Russian domination We, the undersigned, strongly feel that after World War II. the Political Science Department should The streets in the area were absolutely continue to offer Latin American courses. spotless, indicative of the way residents kept We further request that the Political Science their homes. Schools emphasized bilingual- Department issue a statement responding to ism and students received several hours of our concern. teaching in Lithuanian each week. Cowan Students of El Grlto termed all this 'the living description of & Latin American Club ethnic purity.' While he continued describing the tribal- SABC- ism of this area, my mind wandered. I began [continued/rampage 1] focusing on the tribe from which I had groups on campus - including the Fordham developed. Slowly, inherent respect for his ethnic Democratic Club and the College Republic- My father immigrated to the United states ans. He said the SABC, in funding one after leaving his native Hungary in 1950. He heritage was emphasized. In a sense, an political group Is obliged to fund others, and fled the Soviet regime which was just strting that future proliferation of such groups could its domination of the saml. Estern European individualized case of ethnic purity seriously deplete SABC funds. nation. Having been involved in the 'free- The FPLA has received some funding dom fighting' movement during World War was being bred. already, although it is described in the il, it sickened him to see Hungary under the appeal as 'under the table.' The relevant thumb of the Russians. passage reads: 'Director of Student Activities Following six years in Austrian, he arrived boy spoke was his father's native tongue. It were immediately different. Suburbia had a Peter Fazio gave us fifty dollars from the In New York with U.S. citizenship in hand, a wasn't until age four that he learned his first porpourri of various groups, each from academic pool last year to pay for two guest vast knowledge of German, but no concept word of English. diverse ethnic backgrounds. lecturers, Fran Wetsen and Charlie William of English. After a few months in the city, he Slowly, inherent respect for his pure Material wealth and status symbols were son.' moved to the sleepy steel town of Bethle- enthnic heritage was emphasized. He at a premium. People cared not about urban In its written appeal, the FPLA argues tin- hem, Pa. returned to Hungary with his parents three blight, crime or degradation in the large cities services it provides through lectures, free Here, Joseph Kovacs met Irene Goncz times, in 1969, 71, and 72, In a sense, an nearby, like Newark and Jersey City, but literature, debates, its newsletter and birth and within a year they were married. individualized case of ethnic purity was being concentrated instead on seeing that their care referrals warrant its funding. The club s Ironically, Irene was also of Hungarian bred. childern attended the best schools. Most newsletter Conscience, has been published background but/ was born in Bethlehem But this soon changed. The tightly-knit, importantly, their son had to go to college. twice this year free of rh*TVi hu for""1' three years after her parents had come to three member family had been working its And that was the exact route he took. way up the financial ladder. In Pitsburgh, The written appeal ends with the charag*.' America from the tiny village of Szentgott- So, there I sat in the Faculty Lounge neighborhoods were arranged according to that 'by not funding a group which holds Los Angeles Coliseum waiting to see a football game. Above the Scoreboard there's one Is Back sniper waiting for the two minute warning. by Tony Ziemba With Two-Minute Warning Larry Peerce It was the first chance to see him in New has directed a large-scale extravaganza York since last year's infamous media blitz. dealing with the wrath of one man against Is he really that good or was it all just the society. The booing and hissing reaction overactive imagination of some advertising from the audience at the conclusion of the executives and critics? I had to find out for film indicates society has had enough of the myself so last week I trekked down to the senseless violence presented with this type Palladium to see Bruce Springsteen. of moralizing. The hype had really bummed me out last The initial shot of the Coliseum at dawn year and I was more than a little skeptical establishes a feeling of vast emptiness. about him. I had listened to his albums, but Throughout the film Peerce continues to use when it came time to listen to some music, I this shot to reinforce the impersonalization of invariably picked out something else. But I society as a whole. Even though the think that's going to change now. Coliseum is filled with people, the sniper Springsteen's concerts are an experience sees only the emptiness they evoke in him. in themselves. When trying to describe them If the audience viewed the scene as the Crowds panic in Two-Minute Warning I find myself hopelessly falling into that sniper, there would be little remorse for his cliche-ridden hype trap. So I won't try to tell back. While he is preparing to shoot we see been anticipating finally erupts. Some of the unknown victims. But the film carefully his eyes through the telescopic view-finder you how good he was last week. I'll just interjects pieces of personalities' lives into its most likable personalities are "picked off" on his rifle. This adds to the tension of the when the sniper takes his revenge. As the suggest that, if you haven't really listened to workings. More suspense, concern and film but not to the technical merits of its massive crowd runs rampant, trampling him or you were turned off by the hype, you sorrow is felt when David Janssen, Jack photography. fellow human beings in an attempt to reach should give him a chance. Klugman, Walter Pidgeon, Gena Rowlands, one of the thirty-two exits the impersonality The E Street Band compliments Spring- Beau Bridges or Martin Balsam are possible Two-Minute Warning nicely develops its and inhumanity felt by the sniper become a steen very well, especially Clarence Clemons targets. subplots and characters which eventually living example. on sax. Musically, their show was flawless as The pace of the film varies depending on converge into an engrossing film. The story together they form a tight cohesive sound the personal and impersonal moments. As a builds slowly. Underlying tension is felt Although Peerce intends to stress the that makes you want to rock. Their adapta- throughout the movie but the audience often result the technical aspects are often predict- hatred and violence of the situation, he tion of '50's soul fills in exceptionally well becomes impatient with the pace. Everyone able. Long shots are frequently used to seems to get carried away with it. His final behind Springsteen's moving lyrics. Their knows what's coming and wants it to be create the latter impression and standard scenes saturate the audience with mutilated two-and-a-half-hour set included a selection over. There is no element of surprise, just close-ups for the personal touch. images which result in feelings of disgust. of songs from his albums, a couple new suspense. Although we never see the sniper's face, These feelings are not only directed at the songs and a few old rhythm and blues we follow him to the Coliseum with the When S.W.A.T. goes into action so does sniper and society, as intended, but leave numbers. camera fixed closely on his hands, feet and the film. The "blood and guts" everyone has the viewer with a general disgust for the Their version of "It's My Life" had entire film. everyone singing along while Springsteen Two-Minute Warning is worth seeing, if sang and danced his way up the aisles in the only to see the characteristically fine per- orchestra. "Thunder Road" and "She's The formances by its cast, especially Charleton One" were very stimulating, as was the Heston. The film is an "event" with all the finale of "Rosalita." elements necessary to capture an audience. For an encore, they were joined on stage It may evoke anger and disgust, but like it or by the Talented Ronnie Spector to do a few not, it is reality. Those who prefer to be r&b numbers that prepared the way for the "merely entertained" by films should miss climatic "Born to Run." After that show, all I the final violent scenes. can say is that Bruce Springsteen goes beyond the hype. SSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSSS 'Cockpi••t*

s^^sssssssssssssssssssssaesss Barry Melkun Imagine a man, a total stranger, with the he is equally capable of cold, calculated power to change your life. Depending on his murder. The difference seems based mostly whim, he can save you from some secret on whim. The Wedding Finale agony or punish you for some secret sin. The whole book has a cold, bitter edge. It And yours is only one of the dozens of lives is much more than just a spy novel. I doubt it into which he has dropped. would even qualify as one. We feel the 'Boy Meets Boy' Parody Such a man is Tarden, "ultimate secret terror all the more when we realize that agent," the central character in Jerzy Kosinski is talking about our world, about us. by Connie Cullen cultured flower who Casey falls in love with Kosinski's book Cockpit, which has just been We all spend our time slipping in and out of Meets Boy is everything you expect it at first sight. released in paperback by Bantam. disguises, adopting identities to suit the to be and less. Clarence Cutler, who is jealous of Casey's The book consists of the memoirs, or situation. We're all busy surviving, mani- Heterosexual readers please do not avoid affection for Guy, creates a plan that rather the confessions, of Tarden. He is an pulating whom we must to get what we this review because the thought of a separates our lovers. Konald Kaehler gives a extraordinarily gifted man, with amazing need. We all want to sit in the pilot's seat, homosexual show turns you off. The treat- spirited performance as the nervy sly egoist intelligence and a photographic memory. the cockpit, with our hands on the controls. ment of homosexuality in Boy Meets Bov is Clarence. He is a fugitive from an Eastern European We may never see the real pilot, right behind totally innocent and unreal. Here, homo- country, who arrived in the United States us. Feeling remorseful about his secretive sexuality is not a problem but it is the norm. and became a member of "the Service," a Kosinski's portrait of Tarden is complete doings, Clarence reveals his actions to Our society and theatre have a long way to CIA-like organization. He eventually rose to and masterful. The force of the novel is Casey who rushes to Guy's burlesque debut go before homosexuality can be realistically the level of a "hummingbird," an operative unrelenting (it is not divided into chapters). just in time to prevent Guy from baring all. and believably examined by either group. whose identity is so secret, he is not even Kosinski's vision may be chilling and uncom- Bill Solly's music and lyrics are reminiscent Boy Meets Boy is a parody of the famous known to his fellow agents. fortable, but his performance is dazzling. of a Cole Porter style and the cast's voices At this point he decided to quit, and Notes 1930's musical theme, boy meets girl. With are pleasant. "Does Anybody Love You?" the substitution of a female, this could dropped out of sight. While an agent, he Critics have been jumping on Kurt Vonne- is a soft lilting song that could apply to any succeeded in stealing a number of valuable gut's new novel Slapstick like hyenas on a become a boy meets girl story. romantic relationship. Casey O'Brien, the ace reporter, is our art objects, which apparently will keep him wounded wildebeest. Some say he's burned The set's motif is best described as early- financially secure for life. Now, to survive, himself out, others say he's a lightweight hero. As Casey, Daniel Schiff is handsome Reynold's wrap. Bands of silver tape cover and masculine, much to the dismay of he must be constantly on the alert. He arms who never had much to say anyway. The the proscenium arch and most of the props himself with a variety of poisons, pills, pellets worst have accused him of pandering to an female audience members. Schiff gives a are spray-painted silver. strong vibrant performance in the first act, and needles (guns are crude and clumsy). audience which, if I read their characteriza- but really fizzles out in the second. Shabby costumes and heavy make-up are He maintains apartments in cities around the tions right, consists mainly of doped-up, country. At a moment's notice he is dropped out semi-literates who occasionally After one of his wild parties he discovers easily seen from the audience because of the prepared to change identities. open their eyes to the real world, mutter Guy Rose under his bed. Having been tiny size of the Actors Playhouse. The actors He's a chameleon. He's even cold-blood- "Oh, wow." and go back to sleep. Unfor- misled by envious fellow reporters that Guy give their all to the performance under these ed like a reptile. He blames it on low blood tunately, 1 happen to like Vonnegut, and 1 is beautiful, Casy does not believe that this is less than ideal conditions. pressure, but says only the excitement of spend a lot more time with my eyes open the real Guy. Our hero and heroine dance, caress and constant adventure keeps him alive. His than I'd like to. I haven't read Slapstick, but Guy Rose is our wealthy but disheveled clutch each other very obviously. But their ever-changing identity provides him with just that hasn't stopped it from sitting halfway up ygghead hero-ine who has lead a sheltered climatic kiss is rather evasive. It is the same that excitement. With every new identity he the New York Times Best Seller List for the Me. He left his fiance Clarence waiting at the kiss that Alice and Ralph of The Honey- picks a new "family," strangers whose lives past four or five weeks, which seems to alter as he goes to find himself and search for mooners give each other; lots of body and destinies he chooses to enter and indicate a lot of activity by doped-up, the meaning of life and true love. Guv is contact, but a well-placed head prevents the control. This might seem odd behavior for a dropped-out semi-literates. Oh, wow. well-performed by Robert Thomas, who audience from seeing if the lips meet. This man in 'such a dangerous fight for his own As long as we're in the family, I might as yivus the role its naive sincere charm. His adds an air of mystery to the kiss that doesn't survival. But it is perfectly natural for well mention that Mark Vonnegut's Eden ringing is adequate, but his abilities and the leave the audience frustrated because it Tarden. Express is now out in paperback. Mark is audience's tolerance of them is stretched to fulfills our wishes for a kiss without making He is supremely confident in his own Kurt's son. in case you hadn't guessed, and •I"-' limit in his many solo numbers. us uneasy when it finally happens. A line from the catchy Boy Meets Boy power. And he perceives the world around he's written a true story of his experiences Mistaken identity prevails as Guy, now him as a toy, just so many levers and buttons with drugs, communes, and going crazy. smitten by Casey, promises him an intro- theme song best sums up this show: "Boy meets boy, boy loses boy, but boy gets boy and knobs for him to manipulate,as he And what it's like to be the son of a panderer duction to Guy. Undergoing a Cinderella- pleases. He is not without compassion, but to semi-literate book critics. ''ta transformation, Guy becomes a beautiful in the end." Page 6 Thursday, November 11,1976 7*e Ham Chayefsky's 'Network'-On Target She also lusts after the corporate power by Philip F. Russo that can transform her into the modern day When one stops to think about how much version of the Hollywood startlet. In one television affects our lives, it is fairly aston- particularly startling scene, she is introduced ishing no one had ever made a major to the chief stockholders of the company motion picture on the subject. The medium, which controls her network at a banquet. with all its power and crudities, cries out to In a low-cut, sheer white yown she steps be examined and satirized, up to the podium and is bathed in the warm Paddy Chayefsky, who is probably Ameri- glow of both the spotlights and the mostly ca's leading practioner of black comedy on male stockholders. Part of the scene is shot film, has turned his warped wit toward this from behind Dunaway whose stance and neglected film subject in his new movie surroundings are reminiscent of a famous Network. picture of Marilyn Monroe at the height of Netu'ork is a hilarious excursion into the her fame. world of a fictional fourth television network whose Walter Cronkite-like anchor man It is shocking to see the parallel of the goes insane while on the air. Howard Beale starlet who sacrificed so much of her dignity (Pe^r Finch) becomes a national hero when for fame and the modern career girl who is he starts to harangue his unseen audience willing to do the same to achieve greatness with his discovery that everything in his life in her world. and in the world has been, "bullshit." Dunaway does bring more appealing William Holden plays news director Max dimensions to her character. She makes us Schumacher, an old friend of Beale's, who appreciate that Diana at least knows what decides that Beale should be left on the air she wants and makes no excuses for her because they are both to be replaced by the failings as a person. It is this rounding out of huge corporation that owns the network. her character that makes Dunaway's per Eventually, a Machievellian"program di- formance a great one. rector played by Faye Dunawayf takes over A quick word must also be said about the news department and turns Beale frito a Robert Duvall's strong performance as the combination of Billy Graham, Jack Ander- head of the network. Duvall proves once son and Christ. When Beale's ratings start to Faye Dunaway and William Holden again that he is one of the most versatile and slip, things become bizarre and Chayefsky's screening, Chayefsky admitted that he liked more sorry for Dunaway (who is Holden's under-rated actors around. He portrays the satire becomes blacker and sharper. to put this type of a crazed character In his mistress) when she dumps him for her scheming Frank Hackett who will not even For those film-goers who' enjoyed films. "The imbued character allows for very career. She might be gaining power; but she stop short of murder if It can help the Chayefsky's The Hospital, there is much in flowery language," explained Chayefsky. "It is loosing her last and strongest link to company that employs him. this film to appreciate. As in The Hospital, is a device I have grown fond of." humanity. The sometimes lackluster direction of Chayefsky takes an American institution well Chayefsky, as well as the rest of us, This brings us to Faye Dunaway and the Sidney Lumet is the film's one problem. known to us and brings all of its endemic should be thankful for the uniformly excel- complex woman she portrays. Part Barbara Although Lumet has made some very fine, absurdities to their frighteningly and often lent cast in the film. Peter Finch gives a Walters, part P.T. Barnum and part Sammy slick action movies, he doesn't seem to have brutally funny ends. bravura performance as the totally insane Glick, Diana Christiensen is the true child of the depth and awareness needed to really As he did in his previous Mm, Chayefsky but magnetic Beale. both the television generation and corporate pull-off an unqualified success in this type of creates a madman who starts the action Holden, who was for a time a real-life America. film. moving. Beale, like the crazy patient in The reporter with CBS, is the quiet center of this She is cold, brilliant and ruthless in her With the exception of the scene at the Hospital, is a lovable nut who has thought frenetic film. His tired, heavily lined face and pursuit of the ratings that will mean power banquet and another scene involving Finch too long and too hard about the condition of his hard-bitten personality are perfect for this and glory for her. She even stoops to putting and Ned Beatty (who plays the all-powerful his fellow man. He is also the mouthpiece Edward R. Murrow-type character who has a two-bit version of the Symbionese Libera- head of the corporation), Lumet's camera for Chayefsky's thoughts on the world in been to the news wars too long. It is a tribute tion Army on her network as a weekly series work is flat and unimaginative. He is very general. to Holden's ability to infuse his character in order to get something on the air that will lucky that Chayefsky has presented him with In fact, at a press conference after the with real strength and Integrity, that we feel attract a larger, and younger audience. a first-rate script.

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Jim Campbell, ext. 35 or Lillian Stephen, 365-0866 The Ram _. - - Thursday,mursaay, Noveniber 11,11,1976 Page 7 Fordham Downs Upsala, Ups Record 2-1 i Behind clutch goaltending by Vinnie span. The first score came as Destefano took Bocchino and fine performances by wingers a good pass from center Jim Swan and rifled Pete Menza and George Stathis, Fordham a low drive past Bocchino. Minutes later downed the Upsula College Vikings Monday defenseman Jim Keyes fed Destefano who night by the score of 4-2. The win gave again beat Bocchino with a low slapshot. Fordham a record of 2-1 and also dropped Fordham desperately needed a big play to Eocchino's goals against average to 2.30. stop Upsala's momentum, and they got it Upsala College, under new head coach with only 32 seconds left in the period. Pete John Hooper, gave the Rams a tough time Menza converted a pass from Tony Riocchi cespite their lack of bench strength and and netted his second goal of the year. The skating ability. goal gave Fordham a 4-2 lead as the second The game started out as though Fordham period came to a close. owned the Vikings' end of the rink. The Neither team scored in the 3rd period as Rams tallied twice within the first 2 minutes both goaltenders came up with outstanding End it appeared that a romp was in the saves. The biggest save of the night came making. On Fordham's first goal, right with Upsala buzzing around Fordham's net. winger George Stathis took a pass from After Bocchino had made 3 saves in Dave Kobbe and tucked it behind a surprised succession, he was sprawled across the ice, Viking goalie, John McKenny. hopelessly out of position. The puck came Thirty-three seconds later, the Rams out to Jim Keyes, who was stationed at the Fordham goalie Vinnie Bocchino iicored their second goal as Kobbe again fed right point. Keyes saw Bocchino on his back :5tathis, who shot towards the Viking net. and fired what appeared to be a sure goal. McKenny made the initial save but had no Instinctively Bocchino kicked his leg up in <:hance on the rebound as center Tony the air and batted the puck away. Man Behind The Mask ^iocchi flipped the puck into the open net. byJohnMaresca to think about such a million to one shot. Fordham increased their lead to 3-0 at the Goaltenders. These are the guys who There are only a handful of American born 1:58 mark of the second period. Right ACCOUNTING AND make or break a hockey team. Their job is to hockey players in the N.H.L. at this time. uvinger Pete Menza took the puck from his FINANCE MAJORS stand in front of a cage 6' by 4' and stop a Hockey is Canada's game and the number own end and with a burst of speed skated of Canadians overwhelmingly dominates the into the Vikings' zone. Menza faked to the LET US HELP YOU PLAN small black puck which when hit hard AHEAD TO BECOME A CPA enough resembles nothing but a blur. rosters of pro teams. outside and whirled to his inside, leaving the Goalies must kick, sprawl, dive, slide or do Bocchino plans to attend Med school and lone Upsala defenseman nothing to hit any other number of crazy things to prevent will continue playing goalie for Fordham except the cold night air. After Menza's wrist the puck from crossing the goal-line. University for the remainder of his under- shot was stopped by McKenny, the rebound grad days. 'came right out to center Mike Burke. Burke BUFFALO 716 633 4179 A goaltender's Job is a lonely one. When LONG ISLAND 312 996 0333 When asked about Fordham's hockey slid the puck underneath McKenny and NEWARK 201 622-1313 his team wins, his performance is often NEW YORK 212 996 0333 Fordham enjoyed a comfortable 3 goal lead. overlooked. When his team loses, he is the team, Bocchino smiled. "There are no ; The complexion of the game changed, OUB SUUESSfUl sruJ£N!S RfPRESENT one singled out to blame. If a forward or superstars on this team," Bocchino believes, however, as Upsala defenseman John defenseman makes a mistake during the "but what we do lack in talent we make up in i Destefano scored twice within a 4 minute course of a game it goes virtually unnoticed. spirit. Our three starting lines are very 1/3-USA On the other hand, if a goaltender makes a steady. The main thing, though, is the spirit mistake, everyone watching knows who is at on this team. We just never seem to give fault. up." Budweiser® presents "Beer Talk' How does anyone get started playing such a demanding position? "My father used to take me to Ranger Soccerrams Games," Vinnie Bocchino remembered, "and so I started to like hockey. It really all started with roller hockey. My three cousins Does beer and I used to play every Saturday. I was the Shut-out smallest among my cousins so they told me The Fordham soccer team, entering the to play goalie. They gave me a stick and a final two weeks of the season, suffered improve with age? mask and started shooting pucks at me. I back-to-back shutout losses, but even this guess it was because of my size limitation was not enough to dim coach Frank that I started playing goalie, but once I got Schnur's view of his team's bright future. used to it I really liked it." In the first game, played November 1, the Bocchino has been the starting goaltender Soccerams were defeated by a strong for Fordham University for the last 3 years. Adelphi team by a score of 5-0. The He has played goalie for Mount Saint Panthers' goals were scored by Israel "lzzy" Michael, the Mount Vernon Sabres, Bronx Goldstein, who had two, and by Tony Sahmrocks, New York Americans and also Prescott, Charlie O'Donnell, and Ron An- the New York Metros. During this time tanasio, all of whom had one apiece. Bocchino learned a great deal about goal- The only bright spot of the game for tending and about hockey in general, One of Fordham was the continued good play of his teachers has been New York Ranger goaltender Greg Boles, who has single- goaltender, John Davidson. handedly kept the Rams in many of their "1 was invited to the Rangers training Does beer improve with age? What do you say: Definitely? games. Two of the five goals were scored in O Definitely not? camp last year," Bocchino recalled, "and I the final two minutes, after the outcome had worked with Davidson a lot. Davidson is a long been determined, and a breakdown of stand-up goaltender and 1 like the stand-up the Fordham defense resulted. Pressure style. 1 believe that once you go down you're from the Adelphi defense allowed few shots dead, so 1 usually try to stay on my feet." and their goalie was untested throughout. Bocchino has listened well to Davidson's One of the Rams' outstanding perfor- advice. For the last two years he was ranked mances of the year was in a losing cause, a second among starting goaltenders in New heartbreaking 1-0 defeat to St Francis. The York's Metropolitan Hockey League, (n the Terries, ranked eighteenth in the nation, had Metropolitan Collegiate Hockey Conference earlier in the day accepted an invitation to of which Fordham is a member, Bocchino the NCAA Eastern Regionals, and obviously has been the top ranked goalie since his saw this game as a means of tuning up for freshman year. the opening round. When the game ended Despite his success in those 2 leagues, they hung their heads, feeling fortunate to Bocchino's biggest thrill in hockey came come away with a victory. Well, the Budweiser brewmaster What he means is beer is really only while he was playing for another team in After the game, Schnur had nothing but says: Not indefinitely! aged while it's in the ageing cellars New York. praise for his team, which held one of the at the brewery; not after it's been "When I was with the Bronx Shamrocks, nation's top teams to a single tally. bottled! Emile Francis's son was on my team. Emile "I'm very proud of the way we handled' Francis was at that time coach of the ourselves today," Schnur said. "It typifies Rangers. I played a lot with Francis's son the way we've played most of the year. j and went over to his house a couple of Despite our record (now 4-11), we have! times. What happened was the Rangers maintained a high competitive level, and we were holding a coach's clinic that they hold can play with anyone," he added. early in January. The night before, Davidson With five losses by 1-0 scores, Schnur; jammed his leg and the other goalie, Dune stressed the need for more scoring punch. Wilson, was also out at the time. That left them with just their third string goalie and they needed two goalies in the scrimmage. So Francis called me up and asked me if I would like to practice with the Rangers. He READ $98 Besides, everything you've always from a cold bottle of Beechwood took me by surprise. I didn't know what to FASTER say." wanted to know about ageing you'll Aged Budweiser. (Time after time 5 weeks guaranteed course lind in one taste... after time...) "It was a weird experience; it felt like I was DOUBLE or TRIPLE your in outer space. It really didn't hit me until a speed.Understand more, retain couple of weeks afterward that I had gotten more. Nationally known undressed and had taken showers with professor. Class forming now those guys. The Rangers even gave me my Get a free copy of the Budweiser "Beer Talk" Booklet. Write "Beer Talk," Anheuser-Busch, Inc., St. Louis, Mo. 63118 own jersey." READING SKILLS 864-5112 • As far. as any future. Irv prp, hockey. is concerned, Bocchino is not foolish enough The Ram Thursday, November 11,1976 Page 8

who recently pleaded guilty to a federal tax [continued from page 1) evasion charge, and Howard Golden of In 1960, Congress appropriated $14 Brooklyn, have called upon the state to million to construct the U.S. Pavilion, and expand gambling laws that would legalize in December 1962, Charles Luckman jai alai for local areas. Associates broke ground for the permanent By the end of September, Rosenthal building. Copper and steel piles, as op- introduced a bill which would include the posed to untreated wood piles which rot, 1,200-acre park as a part of the Gateway and steel supports ensured the endurance National Recreation Area. Congressman ' of the structure. Mario Biaggi, in the 10th congressional Every concession in the park had agreed district which spans the Bronx and Queens, to demolish its own building within 90 days also Introduced legislation to include the , after the close of the fair in 1965. The former fair site as a national park and • federal government agreed to leave stand- transfer the pavilion from the U.S. Depart- - ing its permanent structures, namely the ment of Commerce to the U.S. Depart- Heliport (now Terrace of the Park restau- ment of the Interior, which oversees f rant), the Hall of Science, New York State museums and national parks. Pavilion, United States Pavilion, and the Unisphere. Gateway, created by Congress in 1972 , John V. Lindsay, then congressman, and supported by then President Richard \ said it was "a sheer waste of the taxpayers' Nixon, has since become the most utilized ;' money to tear down the U.S. Pavilion." recreation area in the federal park system. Because Queens had no museum to call its The proposal to have Flushing Meadows- own, Nelson Rockefeller, then governor of Corona Park included was originally made New York, introduced a resolution, which in 1971 by the World's Fair Association. was approved by the legislature, to use the National Parks Service statistics released pavilion as an arts center. last August found that because of the lack After Lindsay's election as mayor in of adequate transportation facilities, a large 1965, Thomas Hoving, his Parks Commis- population in the Flushing area will never sioner who is now director of the Metro- realistically be able to utilize the present politan Museum of Art, suggested the facilities of Gateway National Recreation < pavilion be used as an annex to the Met. Area, which includes Floyd Bennett Field, j But something happened to suddenly Marine Park and Jacob Riis Park in ' change Lindsay's mind. Brooklyn, all of Jamaica Bay, and parts of That "something" was a personal feud New Jersey and Staten Island. between Robert Moses, then president of The report said the problem could be , the World's Fair and head of the Triboro 1 T Bridge and Tunnel Authority, and Lind- TATEb resolved only with the addition of other > say. The mayor stripped Moses of all city park areas, particularly Flushing Meadows, j posts, and turned his own attention from which is easily accessible by all means of ] Queens to focus on Manhattan's Central public and private transportation. ! Park. He showed his indifference to Flushing Meadows Park when, as mayor, Last month, a General Services Admini he did not show up in a 1967 ceremony stration spokesman said the low-bid of during which the federal government $147,000 from the P.J. Maffei Building officially turned over the park to the City of Corp. of Framingham, Mass., was given New York. the final approval to tear down the structure. This would take away even moie August Heckscher replaced Hoving as Parks Commissioner in 1967 when Hoving money that could have gone into New assumed directorship of the Met, but the York City. feeling was p< .petuated that Queens was In a letter to President Ford last month "out of the boondocks." That same year, coalition members of community groups $380,000 was appropriated by Congress wrote, "The issue surrounding the demoh to demolish the pavilion, against the strong tion of the U.S. Pavilion is perhaps opposition of civic leaders in the area. It insignificant as compared to the many would have cosl the City of New York problems facing our nation and mandating exactly one dollar ($1) to legally purchase priority concern. However insignificant this the pavilion from Congress. issue may appear, it symbolizes the present But no one with power to act in New course of isolated government decision York wanted the building. After all, making against the will of the people and Heckscher, who had been on the Federal further endorses the claim of extravagant

Arts Commission, had told then President Dave Oats/Queens Tribune and wasteful spending of our federal tax Lyndon Johnson in 1964 upon its opening dollars. We ask your careful consideration that the U.S. Pavilion "is a disgusting in this matter and ask that you join us in building to represent the United States and our attempts." it should be torn down." And in 1967, he •••••••••••••••••a** had not changed his mind. "It's so sad. What a difference from the The fair made a lasting impression on its Lindsay commissioned architects Prae- spectacle of the World's Fair. It's shameful. visitors. What they learned about their ger, Cavanaugh, and Waterbury, the same world was retained, although education builders who constructed Yankee Stadium What I remember was so beautiful." was disguised in exhibits and pavilions between 1972-76, to make a formal study outside any ordinary classroom. of the pavilion. The report stated that the Forced back in time at the Sinclair Oil building was constructed on untreated Company's "Dinoland," people could re wood piles and could not possibly last. titions in 1971 but Lindsay's quoting of the The suit argued that the Parks Depart- trace steps made by the 70-foot bronto Lindsay, quoting this evidence, declared inaccurate architectural report withheld ment had spent money to provide security saurus. Launched into the future, visitors that the building should be demolished. It any federal funding for reconstruction. for the vandalized structure and that city experienced a bouncy feeling as astronauts was discovered that the builders had, in On July 4, 1971, residents who wanted police had made arrests of trespassers in on the moon crater of the science exhibit their study, "confused" the New York to demonstrate the feasibility of the build- the building. In addition, it was argued, the Even the youngest child got a chance to State and United States Pavilions. ing's use for a bicentennial celebration five building would cost upwards of $30 million ride in a car that drove itself at the Ford When civic leaders challenged the report years later managed to have the lights in to construct today. Motor Company Pavilion. That was a in 1969, Lindsay refused to listen, and the the pavilion turned on "as a symbol the Government lawyers maintained that privilege for an eight-year-old. While mini building began to deteriorate. A guard who building was still useable." their contract with the now-defunct World's people were at the steering wheels of their had been on duty for two years was let go. When Abe Beame took office as mayor Fair Corporation required them to de- cars, others were riding overhead on the The pavilion was left open io the elements in January 1974, he did not want to accept molish the pavilion. They also maintained Swiss Sky Ride. and vandals. The Parks Department did the building as city property without any that all plans for the use of the structure There was even a house that talked, or the job of professionally stripping the bids for its reconstruction. Soon there were had failed over the past decade. least it was billed as one, in the Formica insides, ripping up rugs and tearing up oak bidders who wanted to use the building as Judge John F. Dooling ruled in Brook- World's Fair House. Add to the marvels of benches, copper and steel pipes, air a national Hall of Health, theater, college lyn Federal Court August 24 that the the future the IBM pavilion with its "People conditioning units, and useable fixtures. campus, drug addiction center, annex to Queens residents seeking to save the $14 Wall" and the new world called the The lights and fountains were unprofes- the Met, amusement center with arcades, a million pavilion did not demonstrate that "Information Machine." sionally stripped by vandals. hi-rise center, and one of the more they would suffer any personal injury if it The Electric Power and Light Pavilion lit Visitors to the park were shocked and innovative, a $6 million mini-world's fair, were razed. Dooling, however, was sym- up the night in a glorious spectacle that depressed when they saw the pavilion. about which civic leaders were enthusiastic. pathetic, and stated that such decisions reverberated when the fireworks filled the "It's so sad. What a difference from the The stalemate persisted. should be open for review at the ballot box. sky. spectacle of the World's Fair," said one Civic organizations may still appeal the All the glamour of the fair and all Us young woman. Rep. Ben Rosenthal of the 6th congres- decision. Last month they distributed promise of the future is now a part of a past One student who made a special trip to sional district in Queens, in early 1976 100,000 leaflets in the area, but Oats does glory few clearly remember. Was that fair visit the former fair grounds was disap- allowed the passage of the demolition bill, not think there is much hope. Friedman, all a fantasy even adults believed in? It was pointed by what he found. although he had, in the past, tried to save however, said "We haven't lost hope." a wonderous feeling to be excited at the "It's shameful. What 1 remember was so the structure. Citizen demonstrations led to They estimate that less than $1 million prospect of the future and what it had in beautiful." a lawsuit against Secretary of Commerce, would.renovate the building. store. FJIiot Richardson, brought by the Ad Hoc Another wished the World's Fair had Despite this setback, two New York That past, along with its visions of the Committee to Save the United States been a permanent attraction, and cited that legislators proposed early in October that future, is gone. What does remain is the Pavilion, with papers submitted by Flushing Montreal's fair began as Expo '67 and is the structure be used as an arena for jai traffic rush and deadly fumes, to the turn' housewife and civic leader Kathy Fried- open nine years later. alai, the popular gambling sport. Council- of blaring AM radios on the tangle of roads man . Civic Associations gathered 20,000 pe- men Matthew Troy of Queens Village, leading to and from the park.

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When Mrs. Liddy was a child, she dreamt of fame. And finally, in 1972, fame came, bringing not joy, but heartache, not pleasure, but misery. There had been a break-in at the Watergate complex.

When Frances Purcell was growing up; like most children, Columbia, Earl J. Silbert, like many of the other Watergate she dreamt of fame. An only child, she believed in the by Charlie Kelly figures were doing to insure a lighter sentence, because he dreams of youth, believed her life would know excitement didn't want to put anybody else in jail. Gordon's father had and adventure. taught him that it was bad to "snitch" on other people, and Six years ago it seemed that the dreams of youth might be this childhood proverb had carried into adulthood. realized. Her husband, G. Gordon Liddy, was moving the She didn't want Gordon to talk either because she family from Poughkeepsie, where he was an assistant district believed in him and he said he would take the blame. She attorney, to Washington, D.C., where he was to join the didn't think he was making a mistake because he felt deeply Treasury Department. They were going to be a part, no his cause was the country. He felt that if "the Presidency matter how minute, of the political pulse of the nation. They went, everything would. He wanted to make sure that didn't would be invited to parties, meeting the names they had happen eve if he had to sacrifice." heard so often. Her husband was a determined man and once he had But Mrs. Liddy soon understood, as she recently told me decided not to talk, she knew there would be no changing in her Oxxon Hill home in Maryland, that to partake in this his mind. He wanted to protect the President, and he excitement is no easy matter. Couples aren't invited to achieved that. She hoped that after President Nixon had parties unless they are high on the diplomatic list. The been pardoned, her husband would have his sentence distance between her husband and an assistant secretary or lowered. She hoped in vain. assistant chief of staff was great. Her husband is now in Federal Prison in Danbury, Disappointed, Mrs. Liddy quickly quelled the dreams of Connecticut, serving the fourth year of a maximum sentence fame. Gordon Liddy was working hard in Washington, often of 21 years .By the time he is eligible for parole in 1981 he working from early morning well into the evening. Mrs. will have served eight years in prison and their youngest Liddy was proud of him, believed in him, was happy that he child, Raymond, will be 18 and preparing for college. was working for the government, helping to deal with issues There is an incompleteness about Mrs. Liddy now as she so important to the nation. sits on the couch in her living room. She is a strange mingling of a little girl lost and a bereaved widow. She looks Though Mrs. Liddy had forgotten about fame, fame was out at the children rushing in and out of the house before not to be quelled. It marched ever forward, moving to put going to the high school dance, listens to the clanging of the Liddy family, along with a number of other Washington weights, as her oldest son Jim, 15, works out, preparing for families, in the national spotlight. an upcoming swim meet and the day he will swim in the The two years working in the Treasury Department went nationals. There is great happiness in watching the family quickly for the Liddys, and the next move, in 1972, was to grow, knowing their lives are full, but the absence of a father the Committee to Re-Elect the President. Mr. Liddy was to cannot be hidden. be the group's counsel. _ _ .. The Maroon Tom, the fourth child, the second son. also a swimmer But this change of position by her husband was not G. GORDON LIDDY • 1952 and the president of his class tells his mother he won't be greeted warmly. From the beginning there was a "lot of political intrigue neuer before experienced publicly in this back until late. She tells him he had better not be late mister pressure and confusion." Mr. Liddy's hours became longer country. The television blurted her husband's name, and he smiles at her. She is mother, father, friend and than ever, and the family began counting the months till the newspapers wrote tibout him, neighbors talked about the protector. And yet there is a void. Her eyes say that. There is end of the election. family and their pligit. This was clearly a case of adventure, a feeling of suppressed gaiety. The gaze,rather than darting The year 1972 was a difficult one for the Liddys. Though and it was an exciting time for the country, but the Liddys and enthusiastic,is even and somber. When she smiles.the Mrs. Liddy still enjoyed Washington, looked forward to were not protagonists in this true-life story; they were edges of her lips don't disappear, rising to meet the cheeks. evening dinners when Mr. Liddy would talk about the "fun antagonists. Instead, they drift upward momentarily, and tumble. There things, the personal things," surrounding his job, there were is a feeling of frustration and hopelessness and Mrs. Liddy few relaxed moments. There was fear arjd anxiety for Mrs. Liddy. Mr. Liddy told her that he was in a difficult situation, that he would probably agrees that this is true. And finally Fame arrived bringing not joy but heartache, leave the Watergate hearings the recipient of a long prison The Liddys are not affluent. They live in Oxxon Hill, a not pleasure, but misery. There had been a break-in at the sentence. She listened when he spoke about Judge Sirica, town in Maryland, twenty minutes from Washington. Their Watergate complex in Washington and G. Gordon Liddy telling her that trie judge had a reputation for harsh home is on the corner of their street, a two-story building. was quickly tied to that break-in. The name Liddy was sentences, preparing her for his imminent departure. The home is furnished modestly, two French impressionistic nationally known within months, much to Mrs. Liddy's She had no reason to doubt her husband; he had never paintings on the wall in the living room, original occupants of distress. deceived her belon\, and though, like a patient with terminal the home that sprouted up in a planned neighborhood. The For now the role of loving and devoted wife and mother cancer desperately! yearning to live, she kindled sporadic children are dressed in jeans, sneakers, and cotton would probably be altered, She would have to be devoted sparks of hope, sjhe knew her husband's position was pullovers. Mrs. Liddy wears a double knit gray skirt, a blouse mother without the everyday emotional support her precarious, at best.; and a black, buttonless vest. There is a trophy case, paisley husband could provide because it seemed likely he would be The five Liddy children, two girls and three boys, ranging couch, maple lamp stands, persian rug and a small antique forced to leave his family. in age from 13 to nine were called together and told that table and chair set also in the living room. their father was wcfrking for the President and that he was She goes to see Gordon once a month in Danbury, At 39, Mrs. Liddy was to embark on a new life she had no involved in some kjnd of trouble. She told the children that desire to live. their father was probably going to go to jail. He wasn't going continued on page 12 In some ways, Mrs. Liddy was an insider to a case of to talk to the Assi tant District Attorney for the District of

values this university fosters in its students. 2,000 are sold." USG vice-president of At present, Stills has formed his own six (2) Therefore, Just as the teacher's work the department sends the case to the operations Eric Duke later confirmed piece band, and is windiny up is 1976 is public, those who evaluate the administration. The main function of this this figure. concert tour In New York City wihere his tenure applicant's work should have to committee should be to make sure that "We'll go over the break-even mark formal start of music began. take some kind of public responsiblity professional standards are upheld, that with the door sales," Lubell said. The To date Stills has seven gold reccrds, and for their judgments on his work. No, I purely personal considerations are excluded concert is tommorrow, Wednesday has just recently released two solo albums am not suggesting that tenure meetings be continued on page 2 November 17, at 8:00 p m tilled Stills and Ilkyal Stills. Page 2 Thursday, November 11,1976 the Rick Gray

CONTENTS Features Mrs. Liddy And The Kids Page One The Church Is A G. Gordon Liddy, Class of '52, went on in life to meet many of the names he and his wife Frances heard of so often. Community Gordon began to work for them and soon found himself in jail. Writer Charlie Kelly tells of the life of Gordon's large family The Catholic Church can be compared to their people. The signs of the times call' for after Watergate. an ostrich, who upon perceiving there are such responsiveness. Careful and prudent changes in its world, promptly buries its leadership is called for rather than blind faith UFO's Page Two head in the sand. Not really wanting to in past traditions. The Decree on the Its 1056 B.C. and suddenly there's a 'great oppose those changes, but unwilling to lead Bishops' Pastoral Office in the Church glowing spear' appears in the sky? the charge in implementing them, this states: "The Bishops should present Christ- ecclesiastical ostrich is caught between keep- ian doctrine adapted to the needs of the Researcher Michael Campbell reviews the ing its head in the sand and raising it high times." Furthermore: "In fulfilling their duty 'evidence' of such writers like Eric Von enough so that it can keep a watchful eye on to sanctify, bishops should be mindful that Daniken, and makes some of his own what is happening around it. they have been taken from among men and Ten years ago the Church removed its appointed their representatives before God." conclusions. head from the sand long enough to recog- Our bishops must descend from that cloud nize that it could not speak to the world in of incense with miter In hand, not on head. Smut and Apple Pie Page Four quite the same manner as it had been doing. As men and priests, they must be mindful of Now that Playboy has become as It discovered a world that was rapidly their relationship with the rest of the church. American as apple pie, and Penthouse is discarding a way of life that seemed The clerical clique which represents their inviolable. diocesan administration is not always repre- being read by high school presidents, what Social conventions were not as important sentatives of the needs of the church as a does one turn to for something new? as they once were. Rigid class structures whole. The need for bishops who are in Writer Phil Russo peruses the porno scene (and barriers) were rapidly breaking down. touch with the people is all too clear. This is With the advent of worldwide communica- particularly true in rural areas where the and comes up with his own answers. tions and travel, people began to think in Church is still young and cannot afford to terms of a universal rather than particular stand on ceremony. Jim Gavin, FC52 Page Five community. Ethnic heritage and customs Hugh Berberman, MM., is a Maryknoll A classmate of Gordon Liddy comes to his (long a traditional source of power and priest. He also happens to be one of four control for the church) began to give way to bishops in the state of Texas. What is rescue, and is attempting to convince the a broader way of life. Social justice rather unusual about Bishop Gerberman is not President to commute the balance of than social control became the dominant that he is a member of a religious order, but theme. In short, to be Catholic was not that he also happens to be pastor of St. Liddy's sentence. Writer Charlie Kelly ex- necessarily as important as being Christian. Agnes Church in Edna, Texas. It is common plains the man and the committee. To deal with a changing world, the for bishops to be pastors (e.g. the diocesan Church produced a series of documents cathedral usually serves this function); how- Bronx Color Page Six, Seven from the Second Vatican Council. Certainly ever, Bishop Gerberman's "cathedral" is a small town parish in the heart of rural Texas. Writer Fred Malley tells about the the most important series of Catholic texts in this century, and perhaps in the last five There is much that is interesting about neighborhood around Fordham, and centuries, these documents dealt with every Bishop Gerberman. He has one assistant, Photographer Tony Norris explains the aspect of life in the modern age. From clergy and can be found in the rectory for (Decree on the Ministry and Life of Priests) consultation almost every evening except facts of urban decay with a photographic to laity (Decree on the Apostolate of the Wednesday when he conducts the local feature layout. Laity), to the Church itself (Pastoral Consti- meeting of the CFM (Christian Family tution on the Church in the Modern World), Movement). His parishioners call him In Praise Of Women Page Eight, Nine nothing was left untouched. Recognizing "Father," which is unusual for most Bishops. that the old ways had to go, the Council Maria Basile and Ruth Lee share observa- He is in need of a new set of vestments—at Fathers sought to bring the Church into the the present time he only has one set. The tions about women in careers, and some twentieth century. parishoners are currently trying to raise of the problems facing women at Fordham Like a new-born baby, the Church came money to purchase a new set in time for into the twentieth century kicking and Christmas. He hears confessions every week screaming. In accordance with church tradi- without fail. He even has a dog. In the words The Great Debates Page Ten tion, the votes in the Council on the sixteen of one parishoner: "He's very accessible to What effect did the televised debates have documents were nearly unanimous. How- anyone who wants to see him." on the past election? Dr. David Lawrence, ever, that unanimity was but a false front, This may seem slightly mundane. How- barely masking the divisiveness that the ever, it is important in light of the fact that it of the Political Science Department, reforms caused between liberals and conser- is not the typical picture of your average attempts to answer that question. vatives. Like many other bureaucracies, bishop. In fact, it is nearly the antithesis of policy established at the highest levels is not what most Catholics see as their bishop. always faithfully implemented. Opposition Father Gerberman is the kind of bishop we Departments came not only from within the ranks of the need today. He is responding to the signs of hierarchy, but from the laity as well. the times. The First Word Page Two Significant in the hierarchy are the bishops It is important to understand why Bishop Columnist Rich Gray makes some obser- who pay lip service to the reforms of Vatican Gerberman conducts his diocese in such an vations about the R.C. Church, and looks II while conducting their sees in sympathy open manner. In Edna, Texas, there are with preconciliar norms. Recognizing that twenty-two churches serving a population of to that body's future needs and obligations these men are sincere in their beliefs, and approximately five thousand. Many of these may well believe that they are in accord with churches are evangelical—a sect peculiar to The Last Word Page Eleven Vatican II. nonetheless the age-old problem the South (although found in other parts of Satirist H.R. (Bob) Pagani doesn't even take of spirit vs. letter of the law continues to crop the country). Their primary concern seems • up. to be converting everyone else—or at least the most serious events seriously, as he One extremely rough example of this is the people residing in Edna. They also seem amply shows in this humerous jab at the record of diocesan tribunals responsible to have a unique dislike of Catholics. "As far ArmyR.O.T.C. for marriage annulments. Still very difficult as the people are concerned, you may as to obtain annulments, however, have be- well be Black or Mexican as Catholic," says come less complicated than in the past. one woman who lives in Edna. However, as Charles Whelan, S.J. wrote in Bishop Gerberman's parishoners are in a a recent America article: "Unfortunately, clear minority in Edna. They need a bishop blings whether you can get an annulment still who can give them encouragement. They depends on where you live." The number of need a bishop to whom they can go with Thursday, November 11, 1976 annulments vary from diocese to diocese, their problems. They don't need cathedrals usually being influenced by the bishop who and elaborate ceremonies. They don't need The Ram's Magazine Supplement appoints the canon lawyers on the marriage canon law shoved down their throats. They tribunal. need Hugo Gerberman, MM. It would seem The important point here is that bishops— slightly ridiculous for Bishop Gerberman to Vol. l,No.2 j who are in-<\ very, sensitive position at^this .,.,•,,,. ,. , ;,,,. • . '<•', ,.CQniyiuedlon,.paap.5, .'.tlVy':i:should be responsive,'lo jhe needs pf Page 3 Look, Up In The Sky! It's A... by Michael Campbell It is dawn. The sun is just rising over the rim of the world and the rivers swell with swirling mists. You are middle- aged, a king. You are strong and virile. Pharoah of Upper and Lower Egypt and the world bows to your greatness. It is the sixth day of the twelfth cycle of Nikemet and you are restless. The priests of Ammon have come to you telling of strange lights seen far away to the south; the Nile records sho « them not, and you are troubled. You stand on the western rampart of the Gate of Amon-Ra to meet the sun and you tremble at what you see. Scores of flaming discs race across the sky, some fast, some slowly, some even stopping overhead, descending, then hurtling through the ether, straight up. The priests kneel before you, terrified. A cry, rather a long, low, ululating wail wracks Egypt's cities as the people shriek their horror at this fantastic aerial display. You tell yourself they must be the Solar Boats of Ammon or the Sun-chariots of Nim. But as they swell to greater numbers and soundlessly cross the sky, even you grip the rampart wall tighter until your knuckles whiten. It is 1056 B.C. more than a thousand years before the birth of the Nazarene and you are Thutmoses 111. You bow your head and a tear escapes your eye because in your shame, even you are bowed in fear of what your mind says is not there. So it is recorded by some unknown scribe in the papyrus of Ani. This, to my knowledge, is the oldest recorded sighting of aerial phenomena unless, of course, you acknowledge the almost fantastic records of the Tibetans and early Hindus, for their records chronicle events at least six thousand years ago. Things such as the Vril, a weapon which can only be mounted upon a floating platform above a city so the force can better destroy its target. The Vril was, supposedly, a sonic destroyer. Non- sense, you say—of course. Unless you * *' overhead and usually flying over megalithic monuments remember that the French some six years » * r such as Stonehenge, or the Great Pyramid. In the air, they ago developed just such a weapon, are red; upon touching the ground, they dim, burst into new but it is still too heavy to lift, yet its * * ' color; they ascend straight up. They are silejit and, on effective range is 25 miles. % * occasion, people, houses, and livestock are terribly burned If you have the time and the * » * by either being near them or by coming into close contact inclination, sometime it would be well to"* with them. peruse readable (the originals being in Latin m • or Anglo-Saxon) copies of the Early Church histories or All of these characteristics can be explained by electro- Saxon, Gaelic, or Welsh Chronicles. There you will come magnetic phenomena, for these reasons: across numerous accounts of what we now term unidentified A. Ancient man did possess the knowledge whereby he flying objects. ' erected stone circles over areas or lines of known magnetic Even in the "Arthurian Cycle" there is made mention that, flux. "When Uther Pendragon was laid to rest his name ...If We Are Destined To B. The colors seen are within the framework of the magnetic Pendragon was engraved in the form of two fiery serpents spectrum. which appeared at Aurelius' burial at the Giant's Dance C. People have oftentimes heard buzzing or crackling as called Stonehenge." they approach again, indicating some sort of electric In ancient times, Fire or Ferndrakes, Serpents, Dragons, Meet Members Of The phenomena. or Worms were recognized as vast globular shapes that flew D. Ball lightning, not unlike these lights but shorter in the night skies bring death and destruction. They were also duration, duplicate the almost "intelligent" movements harbingers of change. Brotherhood Of The Stars, attributed to these objects. In the Frankish Chronicle of Fredgar, it says, "In this year E. Gematria, a geometric study of ancient alignments, was 40, fiery shields crossed the sky and what appeared to be a practiced by many cultures reaching greatest heights in the great glowing spear going into the west." Then in the West Druidic and Greek cultures. They summarily built monu- Chronicle written by Caradoc of Lloncarbon around 1100 Then That Event Is Still Far ments to the stars, both as planetariums and observatories A.D., he writes that in the reign of Owen Gwyneth in 826: rivalling ours, to observe these lights which came not from "This year Landar, bishop of Powys, died. Also a great the gods, but from the earth itself. Pythagoras, Apollonius of number of suns went from east to west going in manifestly Away, For It Is Not Out Of Tyana, Plotinus, and Mouig Rathe of Ireland knew this and diverse manners." recorded it. "Who be they that bring terror to mortals that ride the F. The sighting, occurring in the Middle Ages, took place winds in chariots of fire, that give power and consolation to over cathedrals whose foundations were set on Druidic those that aid them? Are they greater than He who made the The Realm Of Possibility... temples or observed on days of change such as the Solstice heavens or be they a servant of him in whose realm the or Equinox, times of magnetic alterations. damned remain?" wrote the black Friar of Linn Abbey in 700 G. The ghost lights of Brown Mountain in Georgia is an A.D. in Ireland. excellent place to view this type of phenomenon. You will What are they? Are they messengers of some extra-ter- note there, that as if by intelligent control, the lights, which restrial world or some terran phenomena, as yet unknown appear in all colors, will make 90 degree and 180 degree and unclassified? Whatever this circumstance be, it is Manic, the computers of the fifties. turns, stop, land, rise, all silently. reasonable to assume that it has been with us for thousands It is not entirely impossible for man, as he is now, to AH this 1 ask you as reasonable people to think about °f years. As a matter of fact, it is safe to assume that "they" develop a high technology and arrive at the "Atomic Stage" before you jump to some pre-set conclusion about "flying ere here prior to man. and summarily annihilate himself, not once, but several saucers." In the last few decades, people have allowed themselves times. As far, the evidence that von Daniken offers points to If we are destined to meet members of the Brotherhood of t0 speculate wildly upon such things as occupants, landing, human, not alien, cultres of vast age and superiority. Why the Stars then that event is still far away, for it is not out of contacts, messages to mankind from "divine" beings or are there not traces of cities? There are! the realm of possibility. wi Use your minds to fathom the truth for yourselves with lder, in that we are descended from some off-world Some lie under waves, some on tops of nearly logic, common sense, and science, to arrive at your Progenitor. It is interesting to note that the so-called inaccessible mountains, such as the "Bimini Wall," a conclusion. Do not believe your senses, for they can be evidence" of Erich von Daniken is not only circumstantial foundation plan some 40 feet under water, covering six a deceived. Go to any magic show and find out for yourselves "d interpretive but very demeaning to the intelligence of his acres; or Sacsuluraman Fortress in Peru, standing atop a how easy it is to be deceived. Do not allow legend or audience. If, indeed, man had primo-historic contact with 14,000-foot peak with stone quarried from a distant peak of s superstition to interfere with you. The answer may be very P (extra-terrestials) that is not in my (or anyone else's like height. As for any others, we have had numerous simple and still remain gloriously magical in essence, if you knowledge) unless von Daniken has been chatting "Divine geologic changes and glacial ages. The glaciers easily would wish it. Messengers" lately. But as to whether there existed have ground almost all evidence into sand. And when "they" appear in the skies, then wonder for super-civilizations prior to ours, that is in the realm of As for "lights in the heavens," they, too, are, in all Possibility. ' they are wonderful to behold. But try to understand that likelihood, terrestrial phenomena as yet unknown to our "they" are as natural as you and that that knowledge should Ask any anthropologist about the "developmental curve" science. bring no fear. Ships may come, but that time is not yet. j>'!iuman civilization over the last seven thousand years and You will have noted, both in the examples given, and in will tell you that essentially from 1870, man's technology modern times, that these objects glow with a pastel, violet a l c 1 s l', A.' ''Cathfybelt,' teVWVtyls Wricaf'. ''f"

Whatever the case, Salyers doesn't believe that only magazines that have a men's magazine format are the ones that can be found these days and run at a profit. He said that a new magazine not only didn't need nudity to succeed, but, "it must appeal to a very specialized market."

Salyers also felt that Oui was definitely the publishing vision of its founder, Hefner. He added that part of the magazine's philosophy is that the Intelligent man is interested In sex just as he is interested in other facets of life. By concentrating on this idea, said Salyers, one might come to the conclusion that any publishing venture is, "broadly speaking, sort of an advocacy of journalism." When asked to describe other men's magazines in comparison to Hefner's publications, Salyers singled out Hustler as being, "real crap." "Larry Flynt is definitely pandering to the public." said Salyers. "Personally, Heel it (Hustler) is scatological, macho, sexually retarded, and appeals to a 12 year old mentality One might think that the people at Hustler magazine might be upset when they heard such criticism of their publication, but public relations director Carole Trimble didn't seem to mind the description all that much. After it was explained to her what scatological meant, she simply said, "That's exactly what Oui or Playboy would say."

• I This attitude tends to fit right in with Hustler's carefully cultivated image of two-fisted, anti-intellectual, no-holes- barred sex. When asked what Hustler's philosophy of publishing was, Ms. Trimble answered that Hustler, "has no philosophy except to be honest with its readers." She also mentioned that Larry Flynt, whose magazine is based in the heartland of Columbus, Ohio, wasn't concerned with pushing his views through the style of his publication. She said that the editors knew what to put in the magazine by what readers wrote to them in letters. When she was pressed as to what Flynt thought should go in his magazine, Trimble admitted that, "Women's pictures sell magazines-theirs (Playboy, etc.) and ours." Trimblf also felt that they did place some importance on the articles in the magazine as could be witnesses by the recent hiring of a "very talented" fiction editor who formerly worked on Screw magazine. Apparently, the closest Flynt comes to making philo- sophical statements about his magazine, according to Trimble, is that, "he would rather have ten truck drivers reading Hustler, than one college professor." On men's magazine publishing in general, Trimble says that 1-lynt often says. "If you rend Playboy you know Hefner is a tit man and likes blondes. If you-read Penthouse, you know Guccione like brunettes and is a romantic, but you read Hustler and you don't know what the hell Larry Flyni is. Well, male chauvinists, as Dave Salyers said. "There is a genitalia race on in men's magazines that is ultimately sell-defeating." Whether Hefner, Guccione or Flynt win tlwl race, one thing is sure. The field is getting more crowded all the time. Would you believe Flynt is coming out with his :*•. answer to Oui? It is called Chic and will be found in a plain ^ rtlv. al|rt«)o. pv<" Page 5 James Gavin, Glass of '52

James Gavin was splashing in a pool one day with his sons and other boys on a school swim team. He reached out and dunked one boy, and for the rest of the day, the child "clung" to him. The boy was Raymond Liddy, 13, a neighbor of the Gavins. Gavin knew the Liddys lived in the neighborhood and ever since G. Gordon Liddy had been sent to Federal Prison in Danbury. Connecticut, he had planned to tell Mrs. Liddy he was available if she ever needed anything. Though he had never told Mrs. Liddy he would help, there was no longer any doubt in his mind what the Liddy family needed. They needed their father. Their father helped organize the burglary and wiretapping at the Watergate complex in Washington. He graduated from Fordham College in 1952, from Fordham Law in 1957 Their new-found friend, James Gavin, graduated from Fordham University in 1952 and is enjoying a successful career as an executive in Tenneco Corporation, the 17th largest corporation in the United States. When Gavin is not working for Tenneco, he's working for the Liddy family. In the early part of 1976 James Gavin began the Committee for the Freedom of G. Gordon Liddy. The goal of the committee is to have the President of the United States commute the four and a half years remaining' in Liddy's sentence before he is eligible for parole in 1981. In 1973 Liddy received from Judge John J. Sirica a sentence of eight to 21 years. If Gavin is successful in attaining freedom for Gordon Liddy, his importance to the family will be obvious. But his concern for the family alone, has provided comfort and strength for them. Sandy Liddy. 17, the oldest child and currently a freshman at the University of Maryland, said in a telephone interview recently that Gavin had been "great" to the family. "1 never thought anyone else ever cared. But Mr. Gavin showed us he did and that other people did and it really gave us a lift. When I think about Mr. Gavin, I think of someone who goes out of his way to help people." Gavin's efforts have not gone without personal reward. One story in particular demonstrates this. When he first went to Danbury, Connecticut, where Liddy is being held in a medium security prison, Gavin was struck by what a personable man Liddy was. They talked about the ...When I was walking away from the visitation area, just hr curiosity's things they had in common, about the fact they both had three sons, both had a son named Jim, both had been sake I looked back to see if Gordon was being led back to his cell He wasn't; frustrated in runs for Congressional seats, and of course, He was standing, watching me leave. I think I waved and then left... both had attended Fordham and graduated in 1952. They never met while undergraduates at Fordham in the late 40s and early 50s. For Gavin, the day in Danbury flew by. "It felt funny when bugging and wiretapping. If the request is denied by Ford, Gavin will ask I got up to leave," Gavin recalled. "1 shook his hand and he President Ford might say "what the hell—1 don't have President-elect Jimmy Carter some time in 1977 to told me he couldn't thank me enough, that I had provided a anything to lose and Liddy has served for quite a while, so commute the sentence, hoping Liddy will receive the kind of real lift for his family, particularly for Mrs. Liddy, that I was why not let him off," Gavin explained. liberal treatment hinted at in Carter's amnesty stand. helping them through a difficult period and he was On the other hand, Ford might attribute his loss to the bad He also thinks it would be a big boost for his efforts if extremely grateful. effects.of Watergate's shadow on his campaign, and not students become involved, because he believes "they can "When I was walking away from the visitation area, just want to commute Liddy's sentence, Gavin added. move mountains." for curiousity's sake I looked back to see if Gordon was being led back to his cell. He wasn't; he was standing, watching me leave. I think I waved and then left. 1 don't have to tell you that it sent goose pimples up and down my spine to see him standing there, and know how he felt." There are times in life when people get caught up with The Bishop' things which at the moment seem important, but in the end, aren't, Gavin said. This is not one of those experiences, he said. Gavin admitted he doesn't think Liddy is innocent, but he continued from page 2 does believe this is a case of unequal justice. act in a similar manner as a cardinal in still does not know how to be Pope." In fact Liddy refused to cooperate with the prosecuting attorney, charge of a large metropolitan diocese. It John XXIII recognized that to be a Pope in Earl J. Silbert, or Judge John J. Sirica.in giving information would be unreasonable in such a setting for this age required less pomp and circum- about the participation of other figures involved with the him to set up formal structures which would stance and more warmth and openness. Of Watergate burglary and cover-up. tend to separate a bishop from his commun- utmost importance in the Church today is He didn't speak because he planned to appeal, and he ity. "Father" is a good enough title for Hugo that the hierarchy be open to the problems didn't want to give up that right by incriminating himself. Gerberman. and needs of the laity. They must see people Therefore, throughout the trial he kept silent, pleading the Needless to say one cannot expect such ahead of rules and regulations. fifth amendment. an easygoing style from all of the nation's The Church is a community. Given that After being found guilty, Liddy listened as Sirica bishops. The circumstances are simply not premise we must conclude that all members sentenced him to six to 20 years for his Watergate related the same. However, Bishop Gerberman has of the Community share an equal responsi- crimes and 18 months for contempt of court. Most one key advantage over his fellow bishops: bility to bring about that community in the Watergate figures did speak, and, as is the common practice he has been forced by circumstances to fullest sense. Bishop and priest, husband in law, for cooperation in leading justice to the core of evil, forego ceremony and formality in order to and wife, student—each are called to be a they were granted reduced sentences, the average jail term answer the needs of his people. He can leader in that community. The Church being seven months. truthfully say he knows his people. makes no sense if it cannot communicate When historians look at Liddy's sentence, Gavin pre- Pope John XXIII was notable for his this. We are each responsible for the other. dicted, they will view it as a grave injustice. efforts at wading through ceremony and The bishop is both leader and servant. The The chance of gaining freedom for Liddy are unpredict- office to get to the people. Rev. Ladislas tension between these two concepts will not able. The plan now is to go before the President around Orsay writes in America of an experience in fade away; and the man who cannot Thanksgiving with thousands of names on petitions and with which he saw the Pope step out of a solemn reconcile them should not be a bishop. The the Liddy family present and ask for the sentence to be procession long enough to greet a friend in a signs of the times demand this. The Church commuted. It is customary around Christmas-time for th6 most unpontifical manner. Rev. Orsy over- can no longer afford to seek safety in the President to commute certain sentences across the country. heard another observer remark: "That man sand. Because President Ford has lost the election, there are two way's he might lock at commuting the sentence of the man many called "the architect" of the Watergate bly Page 6 Just Say "Bronx9 When You Mean 'Slum' by Fred Malley

There is a giant crystal ball across the street from Fordham own against increased crime, unemployment, .poor housing University's Rose Hill campus. For those who look into it, it and dealing with the tensions of changing ethnic compo- shows the future of New York City. Every day municipal sition. employees work at the crystal ball and report back to their As the number of underemployed Blacks and Hispanics superiors. Every day. Rev. James Finlay, president of increases in the community, long time residents fear the Fordham University, also gazes at this crystal and sees the patterns that spelled the demise of Tremont. future of Fordham University as an urban based university. This oracle of New York City's future is more commonly The Fordham-Bedford Park community is the buffer known as the Fordham-Bedford Park community. between the fire-scarred areas of the south Bronx and the The communities surrounding Fordham's Rose Hill middle class neighborhoods of the north Bronx. The campus are much like New York City as a whole. They are conflicts, tensions and fears of two opposite city lifestyles culturally rich, ethnically varied, historically middle class, face each other in the Fordham-Bedford community. If the and presently caught in a struggle for survival. middle class residents can be convinced to stay and fight for this community then the same could be done in other parts of the city. THE SURROUNDINGS Community members are already fighting for the com- munity's preservation. Groups such as the Northwest Bronx To the East of the University and Bronx Park lie the Clergy and Community Coalition and the Fordham-Bedford communities of Mossis Park. Westchester Square and Van Park Community Coalition are busy trying to hold back the Ness. This area is predominantly middle-dass, white, well tide of the "South Bronx." housed and employed. The most recent federal census statistics report the median family income in this area as As one member of the Fordham-Bedford Park Com- $10,780. well above the $9,682 median income for New munity Coalition explained: "If we don't stop urban decay York City as a whole. here, then you wouldn't have to say 'South Bronx' to mean North of Fordham University is the heavily Jewish slum. You'll just have to say 'Bronx.' And eventually you neighborhood of Norwood. This area is also a middle class wouldn't even have to say 'Bronx' to mean slum, you'll just community of well-kept housing and has a median income have to say 'New York City.' " above the city's. Its residents are predominantly of Eastern European stock, many of whom had earlier lived further , south in the Bronx. Immediately south of the Rose Hill campus is what many consider the northern tip of the south Bronx. The 'communities here include Tremont and Belmont. ...this little Italy'just south of Fordham Road is made up of working class '.! The Tremont area is a classic example of urban decay. people. This enclave is highly organized, and motivated toward preserving the Block upon city block lies barren. Nothing is left except the rubble ot what was once a bustling middle class community. community... On occasion the rubble is shadowed by the burnt-out shells of abandoned buildings, i Bronx Fire Department officials consider this a "high risk" area. Fordham Road is generally considered the northern imost point of the south Bronx's "fireline." The crime rate in this area is among the worst in the Bronx. One out of every three residents lives below the federally established poverty level and the median family income (as of 1970) is $5,770. But this has not always been the case in Tremont. Prior to the 1960's Tremont was predominantly a lower middle to working class neighborhood. If consisted mainly of Russian Jews and Italians. During the last decade, however, the middle class Jews. Italians, and Blacks moved out of the area in search of better housing. They were replaced by working poor and public assistance Blacks and Hispanics. At the present the area consists of 35% Whites. 33% Blacks and 32% Hispanics. Those that remain are for the most part Italians living in the Belmont district. This "Little Italy" just south of Fordham Road is made up of working class people. This enclave is highly organized and motivated toward preserving the community.

THE CRYSTAL

The Fordham-Bedford Park community is to the west of Fordham University. It is a middle and working class community just like New York City as a whole'and its median family income hovers around the city's median of $9,682. While predominantly a white community, there has recently been an increased influx of Blacks and Puerto Ricans. Although the housing is basically sound there have been increased instances of neglect. And while its precinct (the 52nd) is among the safest in the borough, the crime rate has increased 258 percent since 1968. Like most New Yorkers, Assemblyman Burton Hecht reports, the members of the community are most concerned about increased crime.

The Fordham-Bedford' Park community acts well as a bellweather for New York City trends because it is caught in , the same struggle as. the city as a whole. Recent census statistic^ point to the community losing its Page 7

Tony NQffls

..like the city, it is fighting to hold its own against increased crime, unemployment, poor housing, and dealing with the tensions of changing ethnic composition...

"««f>, if is fighting to |ou>n against increased poor /lousing... Tony Norrfs Page'8 Women Against Women

There's an ongoing battle of the sexes on campus but it's curriculum from social lives, since heavy schedules were not only between men and women. integral to their devotion to a specific goal. They are not by Maria Basile It's also among the women themselves. And it's fought in unrealistic, however, and are prepared to work in hospital subtle ways. administration, nursing, social work, or to continue graduate It's not hard to find the women who are under attack: they studies as alternative plans. are ihe stereotypes in the classroom, at the mixer, in the One pre-med woman, who asked not to be identified, said dorms. frankly that sometimes she felt "de-sexed." "The women here are conceited," said Kallie Bufithis. "Wearing a white lab coat like everyone else, and having who chairs the Fordham College Undergraduate Curriculum dirty hair because studying left no time to wash it isn't very Committee. "They take advantage of the 3;1 man-woman 'feminine.' " ratio." Although she said she had felt no discrimination, she said "Many of them are looking for husbands." stated junior some professors seemed condescending. "They may talk to transfer Anne Reznikoff. "They're not interested in careers you, with the attitude 'well, you'll probably just get married but in their studies." anyway.' " Wendy Waldberg, chairperson of the Political Science She said she thought there was probably a reverse Undergraduate Curriculum Committee, talked about discrimination which favored women entering med schools. another stereotype. "The girl who is in a robe till six, and Dr. E. Ruth Witkus, Biology department chairman, says then goes out looking beautiful for the world is a, hypocrite." that may have been true five years ago, but the same level of Much of the emphasis on appearance to please the male competence is required for both sexes now, which she said is sex. she continued, stems from the Catholic emphasis on v the fairest attitude. family. family, family." The high percentage of commuting students at Fordham What holds in the classroom may not hold outside of it. still accountable to their parents may explain the situation. "Men see women as a threat to the job market," charged "The mother may try to protect her daughter, but it's worse group here. They are afraid of risking the possibility that they for the guy whose mother wants to keep him home," said may not be popular." She said a woman's competition for a Bufithis. career may be acceptable to some men, but for a woman to A much larger picture, however, is seen by Catherine say I'm equal in that 1 am a person like you' is not acceptable Carson. American Studies major and reporter for the here. Riverdale Press. "Women are encouraged to be catty, to Women at Fordham frorri 1964-74 had the advantage of compete for their men. A woman wants to prove herself by interaction with men in co-ed classes while remaining a her intelligence but if she can get what she wants any other distinct entity in Thomas More College. Many women, both way. she will. She'll use wily means to get what she wants." students and professors, said women lost leadership Then do women on other campuses feel the unmention- experience especially in student government when TMC was able schism that separates them from each other? Those absorbed. who speak the loudest feel Fordham men expect women to fill preconceived roles. Carson said former TMC Dean Jean Murphy, now "The Fordham male is pretty sexist." accused Mary Beth associate dean of Fordham College, realized the importance Walton, a May graduate who is divisional superintendent for of women on campus in proving themselves as individuals. Bloomingdale's. Tallia, however, said she prefers the present system Transfer student Bufithis commented. "At Clark Univer- because it was "closer to reality. We're going to have to sity in Worcester, Mass.. the boys were open." Student compete with men, so we might as well start here." population there is 90% Jewish on a 1:1 male-female ratio, According to Dr. Grace Vernon, dean of Fordham she said. A Greek Orthodox herself, she admits students College seniors, the rationale behind TMC's merger with FC there "had no manners. They were very ruthless." was to increase the population of women on campus. "Even though nobody would spend money on you In the latest figures, full-time matriculated students in there." she pointed out "at least the men were not Fordham College and CBA combined total 4,135 students, protective, expecting that after the first time you're asked 68% or 2,820 men and 32% or 1315 women. The out, you will continue to be available." approximately 7:3 ratio is the same for the two combined She continued. "Guys here don't know what it's like to be colleges' upper classes. friends." This discrepancy is gradually narrowing, however, as

...Women have been competing against each other for so long that they still see each other as a threat, rather than face any real issue affecting all of them. Men, however, have always worked together without any hesitation...

The male sentiment about women sounds similar. One evidenced in figures for lower classes, which has a male who is a Fordham College junior and did not want to 66%-34% favoring the men. be identified said women on campus are insecure and they Other statistics from Director of Admissions Richard do not take themselves seriously. Waldron show that of 1,067 (which may be high) in the While the male attitude on campus could influence combined classes of '80, 48% arc FC men, 28% FC women's feelings about themselves and their abilities, there women; 18% CBA men; 6% CBA women. are other influences, especially in the classroom. Figures reveal that with an overall decrease of 61 enrolled Ellen Pike, philosophy senior considering studying for a freshmen, the greatest difference was in FC men who master's in business administration, said that sometimes a numbered 63 less freshmen; the least change showed an male teacher may favor the male members of the class. addition of five freshman women. Former vice president of United Student Government The CBA freshman class enrolled 28 less men; all but Lois Harr, FC '76, said she felt older Jesuits would say things three of those seats have been filled by women. such as "men wrote better" or "women have such and such Women were admitted for the first time for matriculation a tendency." which intimidated the women in the class. at Rose Hill twelve years ago, yet they still remain a minority. Stephanie Jaworski, a junior psychology major who is Many men feel that women here are content. organizing a woman's consciousness-raising group, said "I've never heard a woman say she'd been treated unfairly some male professors challenge "women's libbers" in class to at Fordham," said one male senior. It could be that women see if they feel differently from the rest of the class on any with legitimate complaints are afraid to talk up; only the issue, Jaworski said she lets the comments pass. "But a more articulate women have voiced dissatisfaction. woman may feel in the minority. The consciousness-raising As one example, those who spent two semesters in a group will let her know others feel the same way." consciousness-raising group still felt they did not want to be Amy Tallia, second woman editor-in-chief of the paper, quoted when asked to contribute opinions on the group. said, "It's OK to smile at smirks, as long as you get what you "They took the first step in joining the group," said Jaworski, want, too." "but they didn't follow through." Dr. Lynn Budd, assistant dean of students who is working Carson said, "Women have been competing against each for an M.B.A., said that while "this is one of the most other for so long," they still see each other as a threat rather chauvinistic campuses," that discrimination now is much than face any real issue affecting all of them. Men, however, graduation and that they had admitted that was why they more subtle than it was fn the sixties. have always worked together without any hesitation, she had attended Fordham. Most of the women did not feel they had been blatantly said. Naomi Behar, pre-law senior, said it would be hard to get discriminated against in the classroom. Perhaps the most This is perhaps the most significant clue as to why women women who are here looking for husbands to admit that. satisfied are pre-med women, who say they knew their goals still trail men. Walton said, "We haven't escaped." She said Several women wondered, "Why would other women early in high school. a woman has to be "super aggressive" for the same position come to Fordham to find a husband when they can go to a "We're all in a buddy system, of give-and-take. There's no a man would get anyway. 'party school?'" competition. We're like brothers and sisters," said one. i Harr said that when she entered Fordham in 1972, many 1 Waldberg said, "I've been trying to answer that for the past But they also felt it difficult to separate their school- sbriibis then > were- 'engaged Id be ; married $qon ,after three years." Page 9 New Directions For Women...

I remember when I was in fourth grade how strange it felt percent women). Travel Agent, Law, Psychology (previ- by Ruth Lee to come home from school to an empty house. At first my ously and still discriminating against women with only '/4 of brother and I would sort of sneak around because it felt so the field female), Environoment (10 percent female). These unusual to be left on our own without my mother's are growing fields so the opportunities are enormous for the supervision, but soon we got used to it, and didn't mind at qualified woman. Engineering is a field particularly untried all. As a matter of fact we really enjoyed our new by women with less than 1 percent women. Data independence. Processing, Communications. Accounting, Publishing, and We didn't know why, and typical of children never Art are other careers that women should get into. In the bothered to ask why our mother decided to go to work. Now early 70's women were only involved in 21 different jobs: I realize she was one of the millions of women who decided men were employeed in over 65 different careers. they needed their own independence and more mental The law forbids any discrimination that will keep these stimulation than cleaning house and watching the soaps. fields male dominated. Affirmative Action also defends the Between 1950 and 1974 the number of women in the labor career woman from wage discrimination, but this equality t force nearly doubled while the number of men only has yet to be achieved. On the average women earn 60 increased by a quarter. Today that means there are percent of what a man earns. This difference is most

X>?>'*.'.• C ••-.: .-fc .: the only way for women to overcome this discrimination is to get into theu fields and force the issue. The courts have been busy the last few years with aues of women suing their employers on the ground* 0/ salary discrimination...

approximately 63 women to every 100 men in the work outstanding for women with college degrees doing the same force; that's nearly 36 million women. By 1990 the women's job as men with college degrees or less. For example the side is expected to increase another 22 percent. median income of a female college graduate is $10,357 The reasons for this expansion in women workers are while a male receives $17,188 for doing the same job. numerous: some bear psychological reasons such as a need The discrepancy is less between men and women with to fulfill themselves; others simply flash the dollar sign—this graduate degrees, but surveys show that at least in business a is an expensive world to live in. The unusual thing is that white male with an MBA is paid more than the white or men, according to researchers, fail to realize that many black female. women must work to support themselves and their families. In some specialized fields the difference in wage scales is This country's divorce rate is higher than it's ever been, the decreasing, but there is still an average of about $4,000 number of female college graduates looking for a return on discrimination. A woman computer specialist receives their educational investment is higher than ever, and the $16,300 a year, her male counterpart takes home $18,600. number of married women looking for jobs to supplement In the engineeering field the woman earns $15,600 and the their husband'.s income is increasing. Between I960 and man $19,900. In the social sciences the difference is 1970 alone the figure of employed women rose by 38 greatest, a woman's income is $16,100 and a man's is percent. $20,900. This increase in the labor force has resulted in expanding The only way for women to overcome this discrimination certain service sectors of our economy, yet not to the degree is to get into these fields and force the issue. The courts have that there are enough full time professional jobs for all the been busy the past few years with cases of women sueing women looking for them. This is especially obvious where their employers on the grounds of salary discrimination. the female college grad is concerned. These women have been winning their legal battles and the "Education is the major factor in determining the types of companies have been forced to reimburse them for the jobs available to persons but it varies with men and women" salaries they should have been receiving all along. according to Catalyst, a non-profit Women's organization Organizations such as Catalysts and the Women's Bureau that helps women plan careers. Nearly three quarters, or 71 and the Department of Labor are helping women achieve percent of the employed women between 25 and 64 years their rights. They work right along with women looking for old in 1974 had completed four years or more of college jobs, figuring out their talents and sending them in the were professional and technical workers. This is much higher direction of the field and sometimes specific companies than the proportion of male technicians and professionals where they can achieve the most. with the same education. Fourteen percent of female college Women have an advantage now because the law is on grads in the same age group were working in clerical jobs. their side. But they also have the great disadvantage of and only 7 percent held managerial positions. Over one trying to break into a world set up and run by men. If all quarter of college graduated males were working as women and men were to be equally distributed among all managers and administrators. occupations,two thirds of either the women or men would According to one bank executive,the women hired three have to change their jobs. In our male dominated world, it and four years ago are now starting to move up the should be obvious that this is unrealistic. It shouldn't be executive ladder. It's as if these women have passed their surprising either that the women's unemployment figure is apprenticeship period and have proved themselves, yet the 6.7 percent and the men's is 4.8 percent. jobs they are moving into have been held by men who never Women's Rights have been the fashionable civil rights went through the apprenticeship stage. movement of the 70's. and now many people are tired of it. College-graduated women are facing the same problem. Many figure it is time to end the crusade and jsut let things One English major, FC 76 says on every interview she's had work out for themselves. But the fact remains that by 1990 since graduation they've asked her if she can type and take there will be 43.7 million women in the labor force, or trying steno. Many companies such as Conde Nast (publishers of to get into the labor force. That could be a very big problem Glamour. Seventeen, Mademoiselle) feel this is a justifiable for this country without regulations such as the Equal Rights way to get started in the business you're interested in as long Amendment: it forces the business world to change with the as it is used to teach the trade and advancement is offered rest of society. within two years. But the women with the best chances of being hired right off for the job she wants is the one with the graduate degree. Companies are being forced by the Affirmative Action Legislation to open up these male dominated higher eschalons of business to qualified women. Affirmative Action prohibits hiring or wage discrimination. It also forbids numerical goals or timetables, but the courts and businesses find them useful in eliminating the present effects of past discrimination. For example. Bankers Trust plans to hire 33 percent more women in 1976 as executive trainees. The trick for women is to steer themselves in to the right • graduate program that will help them get jobs. According to Carter Comaford, the head of a New York and Los Angeles marketing and financing company, women do not know as much about advancing their careers as men. Their view of themselves in business is too narrow. For instance there are certain fields which are traditionally female fields: Retailing and fashion. Real Estate. Social Work, Librarians, and Home Economics. Some of the fields which the Catalyst research center presents to women as new areas of ,-i accessibility,^:, the, he^b senvices.^ubljc R?JatJq?n (right sno hie? I I It • I >' • t I t . \. .1.' c. K,\ i ' i;*' t.* W BtaUrf Plhi8(P!W l

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Page 10 But Were They Listening?

...Most research indicates that citizens develop a psychological link with a party By Dr. David early in life, maintain it throughout life, and vote consistently with it unless Lawrence short-term forces inconsistent with it causes them to defect from it... Given the general comments made about the role of the individuals, as opposed to their role as party representatives tend to know long in advance of the election itself how they media on the way in which people voted during the past or their policy positions. will vote. They consume information not to choose between campaign, what, if anything, can we say about the 1976 Although many political scientists have observed a electoral alternatives but to reinforce a previously deter- presidential election? weakening in party identification in the American electorate mined preference for one candidate over the other. Citizens Did the conditions in 1976 produce a higher level of (particularly among better educated and young citizens) undecided about their vote choice in the pre-election period conversion from one party to the other than would have since the mid-sixties, about two-thirds of the population still also have a low level of interest in politics: they may not have happened ordinarily? If so, to what effect? If not, why not, readily confesses to "being" either a Democrat or a been able to avoid completely the barrage of political and what then were the pre-existing preferences that Republican, with Democrats outnumbering Republicans by information that emerges in the weeks before election day, determined the election's outcome? nearly two to one. Furthermore, a majority of those who but simple availability of information doesn't necessarily Several aspects of the 1976 election raised the possibility initially claim independence will, when asked a follow-up mean that citizens are aware of or affected of it. that this year might differ somewhat from previous years. question, state that they in fact do think of themselves as The paradox of the media right before the election is First, there were the television debates, which differed from closer to one party than the other; and in this group that those undecided are low in interest, failing to seek out or other sources of information in basically two ways. The Democrats outnumber Republicans as well. The stable make us of information that could enable them to decide; debates, presented on all the major networks, reached a far long-term factor of party identification, in other words, gives those who do seek out information tend to have already larger proportion of the electorate than any other source of a great advantage to the Democrats. decided how they are going to vote, and they tend to select information. In addition, by presenting both candidates The impact of parly identification on vote choice depends and interpret information in terms of this pre-existing simultaneously, the most blatant type of selective preception on how it is related to issues and the candidates, factors preference. might have been eliminated. much more susceptible to the influence of the campaign. If Issue-orientation, however, seems to have produced However, 1976 differed from previous elections in the these short-term factors reinforce party identification, citizens rather fewer cross-pressures in 1976 than it has in some type of candidates involved, too. Neither Ford nor Carter tend to vote for their party's candidate; if the short-term recent elections. In 1964 (Goldwater) and 1972 (McGo- began the campaign as well-known personalities with secure factors conflict with the party, however, significant minorities vern), one of the major parties nominated a candidate near partisan bases. Carter was largely unknown, rising through of the "cross-pressured" citizens defect from their party its ideological extreme. The Democrats in 1964 and the primaries to win a nomination that few observers- identification. Republicans in 1972 tried to represent its own candidate as academic, Journalistic, or partisan—thought that he had Republicans have been able to win four of the six most centrist and its opponent as extremist, generating a sizable much chance of winning ten months earlier. His personality recent presidential elections despite a continuing sizable issue-orientation advantage for itself in each case and and religious beliefs remained relatively unknown even in Democratic advantage in party identification because producing a large number of cross-pressured people in the the early fall. short-term facts favored the Republicans in 1952 and 1956, opposing partisan camp. In 1976, however, both Carter and Ford, although an incumbent president, had been 1968 and 1972. Ford's chances in 1976 clearly rested on Ford won their parties' nominations as ideological moder- appointed rather than elected to the office, had never before generating Republican short-term forces capable of produc- ates, competing with and defeating more explicitly ideo- faced a national electorate, and had barely managed to win ing defections among Democratic partisans, winning votes of logical opponents such as Udall and Reagan. In each of his badly divided party's nomination despite his incumbency. the relatively few but critically situated "pure" independents, the three preceeding elections, race, war, and the "social" while retaining support of Republican identifiers. issues of law and order provided powerful and one-sided The two reasons why information available during political short-term forces cutting across party lines; these, too, are Party identification is the starting point for most current campaigns play relatively slight roles in determining how lacking in 1976. The 1976 campaign therefore provided no theories of voting behavior. voters choose or election outcome are the relatively low level sharply one-sided issue orientation distribution of the type Most research indicates that citizens develop a psycho- of interest in politics in the American public and the highly that has characterized recent elections. Rather, the campaign logical link with a party early in life, maintain it throughout selective process through which information is received by tended to prevent emergence of conflict between issues an life, and vote consistently with it unless short-term forces citizens. Voting research reveals that only about a third of the party for most voters. Inconsistent with this party identification cause them to population displays high levels of general interest in politics Candidate-orientation is perhaps the component of the defect from it. These short-term forces may be certain issues, or in particular campaigns.This interested minority does tend voting behavior model on which both candidates were most positive or negative attitudes towards electoral alternatives to seek out political information, but they hardly do so as a vulnerable when the campaign began. Neither candidate based 6A their .attitudes, about .what ec.Ua.ry5,,the .gpverjirn,ent, means of choosing, between .electoral altqrputjves, Rather, should take, as well as reaction to the candidates as those who have the highest levpl of interest in politics also continued on page 12 Page 11 .the .Bob Pagani— WHAT MAKES A MAN A MAN? GUTS. DETERMINATION. THE ABILITY TO ACCEPT CHALLENGE. THE ONLY TRUE TEST OF THESE QUALITIES IS TO F*LACE AMAN IN AN UNFAMILIAR SITUATION. THAT'S WHY THE INITIATION FOR ROTC'S FRATERNITY, THE PERSHING RIFLES, ISONEOFTHETOUGHESTTHEREIS. AS MULATED COMBAT SITUATION, WITH THE PLEDGE AS THE ENEMY. SURE YOU'RE SCARED, BUT IF YOU'RE ROTC MATERIAL, YOU'LL SEE IT THROUGH. IF YOU'RE A BED-WETTER, OR IF THE THOUGHT OF A FRAT BROTHER SHOOTING LIVE ROUNDS AT YOUR FEET LEAVES YOU COLD, MAYBE YOU OUGHT TO FORGET ROTC AND TAKE UP BALLET. BUT IF YOU'RE THE KIND OF GUY WHO REALLY ENJOYS PULLING THE WINGS OFF A FLY, SETTING FIRETO A CAT OR TAKING SOMEONE OUT ON A ISLAND AND THREATENING THEM WITH A KNIFE, ROTC COULD BE LOOKING FOR YOU. WHY NOT CHECK WITH THE ROTC RECRUITER ON YOUR CAMPUS AND PICK UP YOUR COMPLIMENTARY BOOKLET, "101 WAYS TO HAZE"? Army ROTC Learn What It Is To Kno N Fear.

ROTC SFUN SAY, WHY NOT JOIN THE FU LOVING GUYS AND GALS WHO'VE JOINED ARMY ROTC > YOU'LL HAVE FUN AND ADVENTURE AND THERE'S A LOT OF SWELL BENEFITS, TOO. YOU'LL GET: •A UNIFORM THAT FITS IN AN ATTRACTIVE GREEN COLOR • LOTS OF BOOKS AND STUFFf ALL ABOUT THE ARMY •TRAINING IN SUCH VITAL SUBJECTS AS GUN CLEANING AND MAP READING •A FREE RIDE IN A TANK OR IJIELICOPTER (YOUR CHOICE) •SHINYSHOES • MUCH, MUCH MORE NO OTHER ACTIVITY GIVES YpU ALL THESE. AND, IN KEEPING WITH THE SPIRIT OF TODAY'S "ALL VOLUNTEER" ARMY, WE WONT MAKE YOU DO ANYTHING YOU DON'T WANT TO. EVER. YOU HAZE ONLY IF YOU FEEL LIKE IT. OUR ACCIDENTAL DEATH RATE IS GOING DOWN SO THERE'S NEVER BI^EN A BETTER TIME TO JOIN THAN RIGHT NOW. WHY NOt TAKE TIME OUT OF YOUR BUSY SCHEDULE TO SEE YOUR CAMPUS RECRUITER AND DEMAND HE TELL YOU ALL ABOUT ROTC?

Army ROTC Learn What It Is To Know Fun. Page 12

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continued from page 1 also lose a chance for intimate father-child relationships with usually taking along two of the children on each trip. The trip And perhaps for Mrs. Liddy this action taken by the guard his family. is a difficult one for her because seeing her husband in prison is symbolic of her life at 43. The children are in motion, The children, particularly Tom, have an intense admira is obviously very dismal. When she sees him she feels the dreaming about high school exploits and college, but theit tion for their father. They don't know the whole story of hopelessness of the whole situation. More than anything, mother's life had been stalled, not to begin again until 1981. Watergate, but they know their father is a good man. He was she wishes he were home, being a father and a husband. For the futre rests now in that distant time when her husband always direct, fair and loving with them. They all remark on She feels depressed and old. will be able to return to their home. She is struggling to pay how he taught by example and was able to make the most But she feels she had to continue, because he won't quit. bills so that Gordon can return to Oxxon Hill, his wish. serious problems clear for them. He keeps up on what the children are doing and encourages The other wishes and dreams for the future will probably Mrs. Liddy worries about how Watergate has affected the her to fight "bitterness." Because it is a medium security never be realized. The goal of the Liddys was to accept a children, but she feels that it has made them stronger, more prison, she is not allowed to hold or kiss her husband. higher position on the White House staff or to go into private shrewd. "They are much more aware of politics, the media, Visitors are brought into a visiting room where they sit across legal practice after the November 1972 election, looking to a and of trusting people." from the prisoners. Mrs. Liddy recalls that one day she time when there would be enough money to have a home in For Mrs. Liddy, tomorrow promises that her husband will placed her hand on Gordon's knee and that a guard the country, a place where a family could grow. The career be in Danbury, Connecticut, she at the Landon School summoned him and told him such movements were not was no longer as important as the family. Because of his teaching sixth graders. allowed. record his career is gone. Because of his sentence he might

(left to right) Sally, Tom, Mrs. Liddy, Jim, Grace (seated on floor) Raymond Did The Voters Learn Anything? Another Look At The Great Debates

continued/rom page 10 was well-known, and each suffered from a lessthan-entirely citizen to crystallize, to become relevant and the basis of This is not to say that no issue or candidate factors favorable popular image. Ford was perceived as a nice guy action. cross-cutting partisanship remained: abortion and ethnic out of his depth, intellectually inadequate for the demands of Two recent elections have been analyzed largely in terms purity, Poland and Henry Kissinger did prevent some the Presidency, Carter was perceived as perhaps excessively of the activation effect of the campaign, providing a partisans from voting for their party's choice; the polls ambitious, as having risen very fast from a parochial last-minute basis of mobilizing large numbers of disaffected indicate that religion was linked to vote choice slightly background and limited experience. These perceptions or uninterested partisans: in 1948. the closing weeks of the differently than it had been in recent elections, as was created a clear set of goals for each candidate that the campaign saw the Democratic Party coalition successfully region. debates provided a particularly useful way of achieving: Ford reach and mobilize just enough traditionally Democratic But the problems that remained for the candidates appear had to appear in command, sharp, clear-headed; Carter had voters whose committment to the Truman Presidency and to hardly of the magnitude of recent elections. The activation •-/' i: to seem Presidential, competent, able to hold his own in give campaign had previously been weak; in 1968, a simile and reinforcement effects of the campaign, the lack of major and take with the more experienced incumbent. "Activa- campaign (ell just short. internal divisions within the parties, and the success of each tion" refers to a process in which information doesn't change It seems to me that both candidates achieved what they candidate in combatting his apparent post-convention a person's preference but does increase the liklihood that he had to in the debates. Each successfully transmitted (!»•' candidate-orientation liabilities all suggest that 1976 was will act on the existing preference. Information picked up image of someone occupying the ideological center of IIT-'H what political scientists call a maintaining election: an Ji during the campaign may make a citizen aware of the respective parties, avoiding the extremist images lh election in which short-term forces do not powerfully cut 1 election itself and of the long-standing partisan ties, social destroyed Goldwater and McGovern, guaranteeing th-' across long-term forces in any systematic way and in which affiliations, or issue concerns that lead him to act one way issue-based losses among traditional partisans will '"-' the majority party as defined by party identification, the rather than another. Information may be the stimulus that minimal. Neither appeared markedly out of his deptl' '" Democrats win a comfortable if not overwhelming victory. causes the disperate predispositions of the uninvolvod terms of personal competence.