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TECHNICALTECHNICAL DATA BULLETIN SHEET

TRIMET ® TME

TRIMET ® TME in Short Oil Alkyd Resins Containing Phthalic Anhydride

CH 2OH |

CH 3 — C — CH 2OH |

CH 2OH

CAS Number: 77-85-0

TRIMET ® TME Trimethylolethane, manufactured by GEO Specialty Chemicals Inc., is a polyol useful in the preparation of alkyd resins. This bulletin contains a comparison of three polyols in a suggested starting formulation for both air-dry and baking enamels incorporating phthalic anhydride. TRIMET ® TME was evaluated against two alternative polyols: glycerol and Trimethylolpropane (TMP). EUROPE Charleston Road, Hardley, Hythe, Southampton, Hampshire Specifications SO45 3ZG UK Call +44 2380 245 437 Technical Property Pure Grade Grade NORTH AMERICA 300 Brookside Avenue, Hydroxyl content, wt % 41.0 min 41.75 min Building #23, Suite 100 Ambler,

Ash as NA 2O, wt % 0.01 max 0.01 max PA 19002 USA

Moisture, (Karl Fisher), wt Call +1 215 773 9280 Toll 0.3 max 0.3 max % Free 888 519 3883 Water insoluble, ppm 50 max 50 max Email: [email protected]

Colour, APHA 250 max 100 max www.geosc.com TECHNICAL BULLETIN TRIMET ® TME

Industrial finishes based on alkyd resins produced with TME possess outstanding performance characteristics. Quality coatings are proving attractive to many customers because better industrial finishes are necessary to meet the increasingly severe demand of many applications. Formulators who want to provide high-quality coatings find that alkyds containing TME afford the desired product improvements. Short oil alkyds vehicles are well accepted in industrial finishes as they are characterized by good drying properties, low cost and good solvent resistance. Short oil baking vehicles possess the additional benefits of excellent metal adhesion, good tolerance for over-bake, impact resistance and good flexibility. The air-dry data show the two resins to have a comparable viscosity, while the TME-based resin offers greater initial hardness. The TME-based resin also provides improved resistance to salt spray, stain, detergent, and water immersion when compared against the glycerol resin. The comparative baking data show the TME-based resin to have excellent flexibility, impact and adhesion characteristics. It also provides for improved resistance to stain, water immersion, humidity and salt spray.

Table 1—Resin Preparation

SO101 SO102 SO103

TRIMET ® TME 258 - -

Glycerol - 218 -

Trimethylolpropane 1 - - 333

Phthalic Anhydride 2 377 419 359

Ethylene Glycol 43 43 -

Tall Oil Fatty Acid 322 320 308

1 TMP, Celanese Inc 2 BP Amoco Chemical Co.

All information and data, including the formulations and procedures discussed herein, are REVISION DATE: OCTOBER 2020 believed to be correct. However, this should not be accepted as a guarantee of their TRIMET ® is a registered trademark of GEO accuracy, and confirming tests should be run in your laboratory or plant. No statement Specialty Chemicals, Inc. should be construed as a recommendation for any use which would violate any patent rights. Sales of all products are pursuant to terms and conditions included in GEO Specialty Chemicals sales documents. Nothing contained therein shall constitute a guarantee or warranty with respect to the products described or their use. Safety information regarding these products is contained in their Safety Data Sheets. Users of these products are urged to review and use this information. TECHNICAL BULLETIN TRIMET ® TME

Processing: Charge all resin ingredients into the reactor and heat to 200°C. Hold at reaction temperature for ½ hr. Increase heat to 242°C and hold for resin characteristics. Reduce to 50% Non-volatile matter (NVM) with xylene.

Resin Properties

SO101 SO102 SO103

Viscosity, Gardner U+ V-W V-

Colour, Gardner 4-5 5-6 4+ Acid Value (AV), mgKOH / 6.9 8.2 6.1 g Non-volatile matter (NVM) 50 50 50 % Cure @ 200°C 15 sec. 21 sec. 15 sec.

A. Short Oil Air-Dry Enamel Two white air-dry short oil enamels were prepared as follows:

Resin Properties

Quantity, g Alkyd Resin (50% NVM in Xylene) 598.0 Wetting Agent 1 2.0 Titanium Dioxide 2 264.0 12% Cobalt Naphthenate 1.25 4% Calcium Naphthenate 3.70 18% Zirconium Naphthenate 5.0 Anti-skin Agent 3 0.5 VM&P Naphtha 58.2 Xylene 67.3 1 Yelkin ® TS, Ross & Rowe Co 2 Ti-Pure ® R-960, EI Du Pont de Nemours & Co 3 Exkin ® No 2, Nuodex

Table 3 - Viscosity and Dry Film Tests SO101 SO102 SO103 TRIMET ® Polyol Glycerol TMP TME Paint Designation PSO101 PSO102 PSO103 Viscosity #4 Ford Cup @ 222 sec. 164 sec. 216 sec. 25°C Pencil Hardness 24 hrs. < 2B < 2B < 2B

Pencil Hardness 72 hrs. B < 2B < 2B

Pencil Hardness 1 week B < 2B < 2B

60° Gloss 94 94 93 Cross Hatch Adhesion, 100 100 100 Pass % Stain Resistance Paint was sprayed to dry film thickness of 0.02 - 0.03 mm on Bondrite 1000 panels. The panels were allowed to dry for three weeks at ambient temperature. All materials, except xylene and

water and patted dry with paper towels. Table 4—Stain Resistance SO101 SO102 SO103 Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO101 PSO102 PSO103 badly stained badly stained and badly stained and 2% Iodine and blister- blistering blistering ing stained and stained and blis- stained and slight Mustard slight blistering blistering tering Ketchup very slight stain slight stain very slight stain

Oil no effect no effect no effect slight blistering Xylene slight blistering severe blistering and softening Gasoline slight blistering slight blistering slight blistering

Detergent Resistance Procedure: Panels were prepared in the same way as for the stain resistance test. They were allowed to dry for 21 days at ambient temperature, and then were immersed in a 2% laundry detergent solution for one hour at 83°C. Table 5—Detergent Resistance

SO101 SO102 SO103

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO101 PSO102 PSO103

Original Gloss 93 94 92

Final Gloss 87 53 87 Loss in Gloss 6 41 5

Water Immersion Procedure: Panels were prepared in the same way as in the previous tests. They were then backed with a primer. One panel of each paint (*) was scribed with a sharp razor to expose the bare metal. All edges were coated with paraffin. The panels were allowed to dry for 7 days at ambient temperature and then were immersed in distilled water for 200 hours. Table 6—Water Immersion

SO101 SO102 SO103

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO101 PSO101* PSO102 PSO102* PSO103 PSO103*

Film Thickness, mm 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025

Original Gloss 93 91 96 91 92 91

Final Gloss 56 53 56 55 46 49 Loss in Gloss 37 38 40 36 46 42

Humidity Resistance Procedure:

panels were air dried at ambient temperature for 7 days and then were placed in a panel with each paint (*) was scribed with a sharp razor down to bare metal.

Table 7—Humidity Resistance

SO101 SO102 SO103

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO101 PSO101* PSO102 PSO102* PSO103 PSO103*

Film Thickness, mm 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025 0.025

Original Gloss 93 91 96 91 92 91

Final Gloss 56 53 56 55 46 49

Loss in Gloss 37 38 40 36 46 42

Salt Spray Resistance Procedure: Paint was applied to Bondrite 1000 panels to a film thickness of 0.02 - 0.03 mm. The panels were baked 15 minutes at 150°C and aged for 72 hours before testing. All panels were backed with a primer. One panel of each paint (*) was scribed with a sharp razor down to the bare metal. All panels were edged with paraffin and placed in a salt fog chamber using a 5% salt solution and a cabinet temperature of 32°C for 400 hours. Table 8—Salt Spray Resistance

SO101 SO102 SO103

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO101 PSO101* PSO102 PSO102* PSO103 PSO103*

Film Thickness, mm 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03

Original Gloss 93 93 96 94 92 91

Final Gloss 86 78 84 70 85 43

Loss in Gloss 7 15 12 24 7 48

B. Short Oil Baking Alkyds Two white enamels were prepared based on the formulation in Table 9. The resins used were the same isophthalic acid short oils that were used in the air -dry tests with modification to 25% melamine based on resin solids. All test enamels were applied to Bondrite 1000 panels and were baked for 15 minutes at 150°C. Gloss White Baking Enamel Resin Properties

Quantity, g Short Oil Alkyd Resin (50% NVM in Xylene) 487.5 Titanium Dioxide 1 275.0 Melamine 2 102.5 Triethylamine 2.0 Wetting Agent 3 2.0 1% DC-200 in Xylene 0.5 Butanol 15.0 Xylene 83.6 VM & P Naphtha 71.9 Total Non-Volatile Content (TNV) % 55 Alkyd % 75 Melamine % 25 Pigment / Vehicle Ratio 0.84 to 1.0

1 Ti-Pure ® R-960, EI Du Pont de Nemours & Co 2 Yelkin ® TS, Ross & Rowe Co 3 Exkin ® No 2, Nuodex

Viscosity & Dry Film Tests Table 10—Viscosity & Dry Film Tests

SO201 SO202 SO203

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO201 PSO202 PSO203

Viscosity #4, Ford Cup @ 25°C 27 sec. 21 sec. 33 sec.

Pencil Hardness 72 hrs. H H H

60° Gloss 91 93 89

Cross Hatch Adhesion , Pass % 100 100 100

Conical Mandrel 1.6 mm, fail 9.5 mm, fail 25.4 mm, fail Stain Resistance Procedure:

detergent, rinsed in cold water and patted dry with paper towels. Table 11—Stain Resisatance

SO201 SO202 SO203

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO201 PSO202 PSO203

2% Iodine bad stain bad stain bad stain

Mustard medium stain medium stain medium stain

Ketchup no effect no effect no effect

Oil no effect no effect no effect

Vinegar slight swelling swelling swelling

Xylene slight swelling swelling swelling

1% Sodium Hydroxide no effect no effect no effect

Water Immersion Procedure: Panels were prepared in the same way as for the previous tests. They were aged for 72 hours, and backed with a primer. One panel of each paint (*) was scribed with a sharp razor to expose the bare metal. All edges were coated with paraffin. They were then immersed in distilled water for 450 hours. Table 12—Water Immersion

SO201 SO202 SO203 Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP Paint Designa- PSO201 PSO201* PSO202 PSO202* PSO203 PSO203* tion Film Thick- 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.025 0.025 0.03 ness, mm Original Gloss 93 89 92 95 93 87 Final Gloss 87 86 86 84 85 85 Loss in Gloss 6 3 6 11 8 2

Humidity Resistance Procedure:

panels were baked 15 minutes at 150°C and aged for 72 hours. One panel of each paint was relative humidity for 500 hours. Table 13—Humidity Resistance

SO201 SO202 SO203 Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP Paint Designa- PSO201 PSO201* PSO202 PSO202* PSO203 PSO203* tion Film Thickness, 0.025 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 mm Original Gloss 93 91 95 93 91 91

Final Gloss 93 91 93 92 91 91

Loss in Gloss 0 0 0 1 0 0

Salt Spray Resistance Procedure: Paint was applied to Bondrite 1000 panels to a film thickness of 0.02 - 0.03 mm. The panels backed with a primer. One panel of each paint (*) was scribed with a sharp razor down to bare metal. All panels were edged with paraffin and placed in a salt fog chamber using a 5% salt solution and a cabinet temperature of 32°C for 400 hours.

Table 14—Salt Spray Resistance

SO201 SO202 SO203 Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP Paint Designa- PSO201 PSO201* PSO202 PSO202* PSO203 PSO203* tion Film Thickness, 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.025 0.025 mm Original Gloss 92 90 94 91 92 92

Final Gloss 90 55 93 47 89 43

Loss in Gloss 2 35 1 44 3 49

Trisodium Phosphate Resistance Procedure: Paint was applied to Bondrite 1000 panels. They were baked 15 minutes at 150° C, aged for 72 hours and immersed in a 3% solution of trisodium phosphate at 83°C for 10 minutes. Table 1—Trisodium Phosphate Resistance

SO201 SO202 SO203

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO201 PSO202 PSO203

Film Thickness no effect no effect no effect

Original Gloss 93 96 92

Final Gloss 86 84 85 Loss in Gloss 7 12 7

Impact Resistance Procedure: Panels were prepared the same way as for the previous tests, then aged for 72 hours before testing. They were subjected to direct and reverse impact tests.

Table 16 - Impact Resistance

SO201 SO202 SO203

Polyol TRIMET ® TME Glycerol TMP

Paint Designation PSO1201 PSO202 PSO203

Reverse 10 pounds fail fail fail

Reverse 20 pounds fail fail fail

Reverse 40 pounds fail fail fail

Direct 10 pounds pass pass pass

Direct 20 pounds pass pass pass Direct 40 pounds fail fail fail

Registration & Regulatory Information: Please refer to the safety datasheet. Handling & Storage: TRIMET ® TME is packaged in 50lb and 25kg multi-wall paper bags with HDPE liners. Super sacks containing 500kg / 1102lb and lined with antistatic LDPE are also available. TME is a combustible solid with a flashpoint (Cleveland open cup) of 160°C. Store in a cool, dry area. Do not store near oxidizers. The moisture content of TRIMET ® TME may increase slowly with extended storage. Shelf life: TRIMET ® TME has a minimum shelf life of not less than 3 years if stored in its original unopened container and under normal storage conditions. Granular TRIMET ® TME Tech storage should be limited to 6 months or less due to a tendency of the product to cake. To minimize caking, pallets should not be stacked on top of each other and storage temperatures should be minimized. High humidity conditions may accelerate caking especially if packaging has been opened. Miscellaneous: Various pack types available; please contact your local GEO Specialty Chemicals representative for further information.