INTERNATIONAL

JOURNAL FOR PASTORS

NOVEMBER 2009

Involving children in your special services A Life to Die For W. Clarence and Stephen Schilt This is a story of two brothers: Clarence, a pastor, and Stephen, a psychiatrist. They were over- achievers, yet they were just surviving. Then they discovered a life to die for. In contrast to self-help that is ultimately a vain endeavor, this book provides hope beyond be- lief! Allow this book to radically change your life, as it has so many others.

Paperback. ISBN 13: 978-0-8163-2308-1 ISBN 10: 0-8163-2308-9 $17.99 www.ABCASAP.com NEW!

©2009 Pacific Press® · 95590830 Prices subject to change. Please contact your ABC for Canadian prices. CONTENTS

Creative celebrations: Involving 04 LETTERS children in your special services 06 What would change if we worked out our worship, mission, and 05 EDITORIAL service from the perspective of the children in our congregations? Karen Holford 25 RESOURCES

Measuring ministry effectiveness 28 DATELINE objectively PASTOR’S PASTOR 09 How do pastors determine success? How should they? 29 Thomas C. Fillinger

Experiencing the power of God 12 David marveled at the vastness of the heavens as he took time to study them (Ps. 8:3, 4). MINISTRY® INTERNATIONAL EDITORS Ben Clausen International Journal for Pastors Chinese-Robert Wong 12501 Old Columbia Pike, Silver Indonesian-Edwin T. Pandjaitan Spring, MD 20904-6600 U.S.A. Japanese-Yukio Ebihara www.ministrymagazine.org Korean-Sung Sun Hong Welcoming and retaining your visitors [email protected] Portuguese (South America)- Zinaldo Santos EDITOR An experienced pastor shares fi ve steps to creating an Russian-Ilie Leahu Nikolaus Satelmajer 14 atmosphere for fi rst-time guests to his church. They’ll work in Spanish (South America)- ASSOCIATE EDITOR Marcos Blanco your church too. Willie E. Hucks II Spanish (Inter America)-Pablo Perla Drexel C. Rankin CONSULTANTS TO EDITOR INTERNATIONAL ADVISORS John Fowler, Clifford Goldstein, Balvin Braham, Ron Clouzet, Daniel Myrna Tetz Duda, R. Danforth Francis, Passmore EDITORIAL SPECIALIST Hachalinga, John Kakembo, Gerry The pastor’s guide to resource materials Sheryl Beck Karst, Janos Kovacs-Biro, Ilie Leahu, on church history Miguel Luna, Jan Paulsen, Bruno OPERATIONAL SPECIALIST Raso, Ángel M. Rodríguez, Ranieri 17 John Feezer IV Must-have information for the serious student who wishes to Sales, Hector Sanchez, Houtman OFFICE ASSISTANT Sinaga, Gary Webster, Walton research the historical development of the church. Mervyn Lee Williams, Measapogu Wilson Michael W. Campbell ADVERTISING SUBSCRIPTIONS Sheryl Beck 12 issues: United States US$32.50; [email protected] Canada and overseas US$45.50. Appreciative inquiry: Lessons from a +1 301-680-6518 To order: send name, address, and business model SUBSCRIPTIONS/RENEWALS/ payment to Ministry® Subscriptions, ADDRESS CHANGES 12501 Old Columbia Pike, Silver 20 Examining the assumptions supporting David L. Cooperrider’s ministrysubscriptions@ Spring, MD 20904-6600 U.S.A. gc.adventist.org TO WRITERS +1 301-680-6508 business model, we can focus on the good rather than the We welcome unsolicited manu- +1 301-680-6502 (fax) scripts. Before submitting, review problems and thereby achieve a creative spirituality COVER ILLUSTRATION the writers’ guidelines at orientation. 316 Creative www.ministrymagazine.org. Please LAYOUT send manuscripts via email to William Loveless 316 Creative [email protected].

The pastoral counselor as prophet and priest Director Anthony Kent | [email protected] | +1 301-680-6516 23 While not necessarily acting in a mediatory way, pastoral MINISTRY® has been published PRINTER Pacifi c Press® Pub. Assn., counselors fi nd themselves in a unique position where they can monthly since 1928 by the Minis- 1350 N. Kings Rd., Nampa, ID 83687 terial Association, General Confer- Standard mail postage paid at Nampa, act in both priestly and prophetic roles with church members. ® ence of Seventh-day Adventists Idaho. (ISSN 0026-5314) Bill Jackson SECRETARY Member of Associated Church Press. James A. Cress Adventist®, Seventh-day Adventist®, ASSOCIATE SECRETARIES and Ministry® are the registered Jonas Arrais, Sharon Cress, An- BIBLE CREDITS Scripture quotations marked NIV are taken from the HOLY BIBLE, NEW INTERNATIONAL VERSION®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, trademarks of the General 1984 by International Bible Society. Used by permission of Zondervan Publishing House. Scriptures quoted from NKJV are from The New King James thony Kent, Peter Prime, Nikolaus Conference Corporation of Seventh- Version, copyright © 1979, 1980, 1982, Thomas Nelson, Inc., Publishers. All rights reserved. Scripture quoted from KJV is from the King James Version. Satelmajer day Adventists®. Scriptures quoted from TLB are from The Living Bible, copyright (c) 1971 by Tyndale House Publishers, Wheaton, IL. Used by permission. MINISTERIAL RESOURCE CENTER Vol. 81 Number 11 © 2009 Coordinator Cathy Payne 888-771-0738, +1 301-680-6508 PRINTED IN THE U.S.A. www.ministerialassociation.com

MINISTRY 3 NOVEMBER 2009 LETTERS

Our Readers Respond...

Thank you for the The importance of Watts, well-known poet and hymn September issue evangelism writer, gave his heart to Christ at age he September issue of Ministry have just concluded 59 years in nine. Jonathan Edwards, a preacher Thas a number of very helpful Iministry with an emphasis through- for Christ, surrendered his heart to articles: “Ten Things to Be Learned out my ministry in evangelism. Jesus at seven years of age. Count in Pastoral Ministry,” “Pastoral Care Evangelists all through the years, Zinzendorf, a promoter and protector of Veterans and Their Families,” and and Mark Finley in recent years, have of the Word of God in Germany, while “Evangelism’s Big Picture: From been a huge inspiration to me. They he was only four years old, signed his Baptism to Discipleship.” have continued to whet my appetite name to these words: “Dear Saviour, But I particularly appreciated L. for sharing the gospel and helped to do Thou be mine, and I will be Thine.” S. Baker’s article, “Covered With keep me doing what I believe is our These newly baptized children, Blood: A Better Understanding of fi rst work—seeking the lost sheep. every bit as valuable in God’s eyes Exodus 12:7,” and the implications Mark Finley’s recent article in as adults, may become future church of the doorposts and lintels with the Ministry, “Evangelism’s Big Picture: leaders. My appeal is that we all take blood covering the name. I had not From Baptism to Discipleship” (Sep- very seriously the words of Jesus thought of the houses being of mud tember 2009) stirred my heart once when He admonished us to feed and the temples and tombs of stone again. It seems to me that every His lambs. but the lintels and doorposts also elder in every one of our churches —C. Lloyd Wyman, Westlake Village, California, of stone so the person would live would benefi t by absorbing what he United States forever in the afterlife. Thank you for has written. bringing out this insight. At times I feel we show too little Ministry to veterans —David Glenn, Chehalis, Washington, interest or concern for the newly hank you for the well-written United States baptized, regardless of how they Tarticle, “Pastoral Care of Veterans came to understand “the truth as it is and Their Families” (September he September issue of Ministry in Jesus.” If anyone of our members 2009). The points made, information Twas exceptionally spiritual and should become interested in nurtur- shared, and ideas promoted will be of intellectual of the highest caliber. ing the newly baptized, it should substantive help to many who gave Thank you for the diversity presented be the lay leaders of our churches. much. Veterans are often forgotten by the contributors. Far too many of the new sheep and in our communities and churches. I noted a difference, minor lambs, for whom a lot of time and This article will help change that. though it may be; yet it only serves to effort have been expended, slip out It is true: “Some gave all, and reinforce the diversity. L. S. Baker’s of the baptistry and are too soon all gave some.” We who have been article, “Covered With Blood: A out the back door without the notice separated from our families and have Better Understanding of Exodus or concern of the lay leaders—or in served in combat situations long 12:7,” regarding the Egyptian mode some cases, even the vital concern for reasonable recognition for the of constructing homes, pointed out of the pastor. sacrifi ces we have made. We don’t that the doorposts and lintels of Each year I conduct baptismal need bands, banners, or accolades, the mud-brick homes were made classes in one of our elementary but recognition and appreciation out of stone for the reasons stated. schools. Each year we baptize fi ve would be deeply appreciated. I In contrast, Engin Obucic’s article or ten children and young people; personally waited almost 20 years (“The Strength of the Covenant”) but how many of our churches show before someone outside my family stated that the blood of the sacrifi cial an active interest in an age appropri- thanked me for serving my country lamb was placed on the wooden ate follow-up program that could in Vietnam and said, “Welcome doorframe. be employed for these children? home.” The needs of current military Of what was the doorpost and In my study of work for children, I veterans will be even more critical lintel constructed—stone or wood? have found that many who became than in the past. Does it really matter? The point is, it prominent in ministry gave their Thanks for a beacon of bright- was the shedding of innocent blood hearts to Christ while they were ness for some who have seen only and obedience to God’s instructions children. Matthew Henry, who wrote starkness and darkness. that mattered drastically. a commentary on the Bible, gave his —Dick Stenbakken, email —Jodie Jackson, email heart to Christ at age eleven. Isaac Continued on page 19

MINISTRY 4 NOVEMBER 2009 EDITORIAL | NIKOLAUS SATELMAJER A positive spiritual atmosphere

bviously, the musical group churches—an important but often- Songs, for example, were chosen by standing in front of the con- forgotten group. She specifically a senior, and the congregation as a Ogregation had rehearsed, discusses how to plan worship ser- whole enthusiastically participated and sang enthusiastically while try- vices that will be meaningful to them in the singing. By recognizing the ing to encourage the congregation as well. In another article, Drexel seniors, the congregation focused to participate. Unfortunately, with C. Rankin also shares suggestions on a group of people who were, to the exception of a small number of on re-evaluating how visitors see a signifi cant extent, responsible for individuals, the vast majority of the your church and what impressions the development and continuation of congregation were only lip-syncing they will take away with them upon the congregation. with the music leaders. While observ- leaving. The question? After they visit In yet another congregation, it ing this disconnect, I concluded that your church, will they want to come was proposed that several 13- and there was very little congregational back? Thomas C. Fillinger’s article 14-year-olds present the sermon. worship taking place. I had no doubt will guide you in your fi rst steps in At fi rst, there were questions as to that everyone in the church that day fi nding out how to make worship whether they were qualifi ed and able had come to worship God and fellow- more effective for the majority of to speak with authority to such a ship with each other; but somehow your congregation. In reality, not large congregation. Finally, however, they were not connecting. every worship service will equally the decision was made to invite three Worship planning is challenging; appeal to every individual, so focus young people to give short sermons. and, most likely, no worship service on some identifi able groups in the Each one presented a message that will be enthusiastically received by congregation when prayerfully plan- was biblically sound, organized, every participant. But I suggest that ning the worship services. and enthusiastically delivered. Not those who plan for worship need to only were the youth who led out focus on defi ning worship and how What I have learned in the worship service blessed, the to help those who are present to be My ministry gives me the congregation as a whole was also enthusiastic participants. In order to privilege of participating in worship blessed. do that, the planners should realize services around the world. This the importance of evaluating those provides an opportunity to observe What’s next? who sit in the pews and how they successful planning and implemen- To allow worship to just happen would feel most comfortable in tation that focuses on particular from one week to the next may be worshiping the Lord. segments of the congregation. I will all too tempting. In fact, in some Who is sitting in the pews? The share a few such examples. congregations very little planning middle-aged husband and wife are At one church, at the beginning goes into worship. At times, the sitting there, for whom we usually of the school year, the pastor invited question as to who will pray, read plan the worship service. But what all of the teachers and students to the scripture, and what songs will be about their five-year-old grand- come forward to recognize them sung is only decided minutes before daughter, Sally? How can she see as special individuals within the the leaders stand in front of the con- Jesus in the worship service? And congregation. The student group gregation. Lack of planning does not when Bill, the man who lives next ranged from those just beginning provide for a holy atmosphere. Wor- door to the church, enters a church their formal education to graduate ship should concentrate on helping building for the fi rst time in 20 years, students. Part of the service included people come together to focus on how can your members minister to a special prayer for this group of God—with God as the center. At the him so that he has a meaningful teachers and students, and then a same time, we need to remember worship experience, falls in love number of them participated in the each group of the congregation and with the Lord, and eventually wants service that day. each person individually as we plan to come back into the fellowship of Another congregation made it a the worship service. What would the congregation? point to utilize the talents of their older bring them closer to God? What Our lead article by Karen Hol- members, including them actively are your plans for the next worship ford focuses on the children in our leading out in the worship service. service?

Tell us what you think about this editorial. Email [email protected] or write to 12501 Old Columbia Pike, Silver Spring, MD 20904.

MINISTRY 5 NOVEMBER 2009 LEAD ARTICLE | KAREN HOLFORD

Karen Holford, MA, is associate director of Children’s Ministries for the Seventh-day Adventist Church in south England. Creative celebrations: Involving children in your special services

Editor’s note: In the May 2009 issue, 2. Give older children a sheet of Involving children in Karen Holford addressed involving paper on which you have printed baptismal services children in the divine worship service. the baby’s name, one letter to a 1. Make sure the children can This month, she expands the discus- line, along the left-hand edge of the safely see what is happening. As sion to include involving children in page. Ask them to create a simple someone is being baptized, give each other church events. blessing, prayer, or phrase where child a few red paper heart shapes each word begins with one letter (or rose petals) to scatter onto the hat would happen of the baby’s name. Include the water. Use this action as a reminder if we took the time name of the child who wrote the that baptism is our response to God’s to consider the chil- blessing and their photo, if possible. amazing love. Wdren’s experiences Collect the pages and give them to 2. Give each child a piece of plas- in our congregation and put their the family in a scrapbook for them tic cut into the shape of a person. Let needs at the heart of our church? to treasure. them use a nonpermanent marker What would change if we worked 3. Give the children pots of or pen and write down some of the out our worship, mission, and ser- bubbles to blow over the baby being things they have done wrong. Provide vice from this radically different dedicated or handfuls of flower a large tank of water at a height that perspective? petals to throw over the baby and children can access easily (place a Here are some ideas to start you the baby’s family. Explain that, as large piece of nonslip protective cover thinking about involving children in they blow the bubbles or scatter the over the fl oor and the furniture under the special events of your church. petals, they are to pray a silent prayer the tank in case of spillage). Then let Churches are in different places for the baby or think of a special the children “baptize” their plastic along the journey of child inclusive- blessing (give them an example of people in the water, and wipe them ness, and various cultures fi nd some a blessing to spark their creativity) clean with a piece of paper towel. things unacceptable or have different for the baby. You can do this outside 3. Involve children in creating a local meanings for actions and sym- after the service if it isn’t appropriate promise box for every person baptized bols. So, a wide range of ideas has to blow bubbles in your church. A in your church. Give them unprinted been included, not as prescriptions, sheet on the fl oor can catch drips business cards, and invite them to but as ideas to stimulate thoughtful- from bubbles or the fl ower petals for write their favorite text as neatly as ness and creativity. easier cleanup. possible on the card. Collect the cards, 4. Create a picture for the baby’s put them into an attractive business Involving children in bedroom. An adult can paint a design card holder or box, and give the prom- baby dedications in the center of a blank canvas, ise box to the candidate. Adults can 1. Invite children to welcome the including the child’s name, a Bible add promises to the box too. It can new baby into their church family by verse, and a simple picture, such as also be meaningful if every person coming to the front of the church a lamb in a fi eld. Protect the picture writes their name on the back of their and whispering in unison, “Hello with a piece of clear, sturdy plastic promise card, so that the recipient (name of baby)! Jesus loves you and and let the children of the church knows who has written the promises. so do we!” or use another welcom- write their names, prayers, blessings, ing phrase. If you have just a few and pictures around the edge of Involving children in children and the parents are willing, the canvas. Remove the protective weddings each child could gently touch the plastic and give the picture to the Some couples may wish to involve baby’s feet. family as a unique gift. children in their wedding. Perhaps

MINISTRY 6 NOVEMBER 2009 they are actively involved in children’s fi nd ways to help the children par- children can stick on the pages with ministries themselves and want to ticipate just as the children in Jewish different texts and words that they fi nd a meaningful way to involve the families are actively involved in the can write into the book to help them children. Or perhaps the marrying Passover experience. The way we understand. couple believes that marriage is a do this must also fi t with our beliefs 2. Invite Junior class children to community celebration that needs to and ideas about how Communion research the symbols of bread and involve their friends, whatever their services should be organized. wine used in Passover and Commu- age. If you are marrying a couple Some families avoid coming to nion. Help them make a presentation that wishes to involve children in the church when there is a Communion of their discoveries in a creative way wedding service, here are a few ideas. service because their church elimi- during a Communion service. 1. Invite the children to hold hands nates the children’s story that week, 3. Give each child a gray and black, in a circle around the bride and groom the service goes on too long, or the smudgy cardboard heart before the during the wedding prayer. The circle event is very solemn and the children Communion service, and explain that of children can represent the circle of are not included in the activities. We this represents their heart full of all the God’s love around the couple and the need to be aware of this and fi nd times they have broken God’s laws. support the community promises to fresh ways to involve families in this Then, during the service, let the children offer them. important celebration. swap their gray, smudgy hearts for 2. Children can be asked to read Here are a few ideas for including white heart-shaped Communion bread Bible verses about love, and say children more actively in a Com- wafers, made especially for them, to what they think those verses might munion service. illustrate that Jesus gives us complete mean for a married couple. They 1. Help children make a small forgiveness. can practice ahead of time with a booklet describing the meaning we 4. Show the children a child- responsible adult who will help them give to the different parts of the Com- friendly video about Jesus’ death and think about the verses and will write munion service. Fold a piece of paper resurrection or the Last Supper during down their creative responses. in half and put a title on the front cover, the time when the adults are having 3. Children coming to the wedding and then make a page for footwash- their feet washed. could be given a small bag of quiet ing, one for the bread, and one for 5. Let the children draw or write things to keep them amused during the juice. Provide precut shapes that on their feet to illustrate the things the service. Providing some Christian activity and sticker books, for example, can also be a witness to the children and CHURCH GROWTH 101: families who wouldn’t usually attend your church. INVOLVE CHILDREN 4. Provide each child with a sheet of card stock, printed Putting Families First: with an attractive frame design, How Family Friendly Churches Grow and some crayons. Ask the By Noelene Johnsson children to draw a picture of the Putting Families First is a guide to developing couple in their wedding clothes, the main ingredient for a healthy church: and then write some ideas on healthy families. Author Noelene Johnsson their picture about how they addresses what families and their children can stay happily married. Col- need in order to feel welcome. From making lect these in a scrapbook to sermon time more kid-friendly to involving give to the couple as a unique parents in children’s Sabbath school, this memento of their day. book outlines steps for creating a family- 5. Ask an artistic person in friendly atmosphere and a growing church. your congregation to design Catalog #043025 US$9.95 a work sheet about weddings and marriage for the children to complete during the service. To order Putting Families First or to find more resources, visit www.adventsource.org or call 800-328-0525. Involving children in Communion services As adults, we help create the reverence around the Com- œ˜iʘ>“iÊU œ˜iʘՓLiÀÊUʜ˜iÊÜÕÀVi munion table, and we need to

MINISTRY 7 NOVEMBER 2009 LEAD ARTICLE | KAREN HOLFORD

the children a few simple lug- gage or plain gift tags already threaded with string or yarn to Church Leaders — take home. Encourage them to write a Thank-You note to Regardless of size or denomination, God on each tag and draw or your church will benefi t from this stick a picture of whatever they collection of true, reality-based are thankful for on the reverse for young people. of the tag. During the service, Each story has a related coloring page help the children hang the tags and word search. These on the Thank-You tree at an are powerful teaching tools to make appropriate time. your ministry more effective morally 5. Invite the children to and spiritually. dress up just before the ser- vice as something for which Get free sample stories and in-depth they are especially thankful or details at: www.BibleHistory.com. related to their thankful object (it may be easier to come as a baker than as a loaf of bread). SPRUCE STREET PUBLISHING Provide a few extra costumes 308 Fireside Drive • Columbia, South Carolina 29212 for children who forgot, didn’t [email protected] know, are visiting, or whose families would fi nd it too dif- they have done that they would like especially thankful for and bring it to fi cult to organize a costume. Have HUN090801 Mouse ad_4.6x3.5.indd 1 9/15/09 8:28:08 AM God to forgive. Use easily washable the Thanksgiving service. Interview a minicostume parade as the adults pens or water-dissolving pens from the children about their choices, or or children sing a thankful song, or sewing shops, so that the marks come make a display of the items together invite the children to say why they off easily during footwashing. Let with a card from each child saying have chosen their outfi t. them choose a fragrant body butter why he or she chose his or her thank- or lotion that can be rubbed into their ful object. Conclusion feet afterwards to remind them of what 2. Invite the children to come to the It can be challenging to fi nd ways Mary did for Jesus when she poured front and then go through the alphabet, to involve children in your services, but the perfume over His feet. asking them to think of different things it is worth all the investment to help 6. Prepare a room for family foot- they want to thank God for that begin them feel that they are a special part washing where the children can help with the different letters in turn, such of our community and their church their parents wash each other’s feet, as apples, Auntie Jane, bread, bikes, willingly thinks about their needs, and perhaps, the parents can wash chocolate, crayons, etc. Or preplan this involves them, and values them. their children’s feet too. Make sure the and create a voice choir of thankfulness If you are short of ideas, children understand why we are doing where children take turns to name there are plenty more for you to this and why this should be a respected different things for which they are explore on Web sites such as www event. In one church, the pastor knelt especially grateful. .barnabasinchurches.org.uk and and washed all the children’s feet dur- 3. Give each of the children a www.lightlive.org, where you can ing the foot-washing service. child-friendly Thank-You card as they search for specifi c activities (prayers, 7. Purchase the book Daniel Asks come into church. You may be able stories, interactive ideas, etc.) or via About Baptism and Communion.* Read to fi nd designs in stationery stores Bible stories or themes. it to the children while the adults are with simple outlines that children can And remember, whatever you do involved in footwashing. Scan the color. Invite them to write a Thank-You for one of these little ones, you are images into your computer to make letter to God during the service or doing for Jesus. larger pages for everyone to see, and draw things they are thankful for use the pictures as a PowerPoint pre- inside the card. Create a place where * Heather Hanna, Daniel Asks About Baptism and Communion (Nampa, ID: Pacifi c Press Pub. Assn., 2005). sentation or buy each child their own the children can display their Thank- book. You cards after the service, and encourage the adults to read what Involving children in the children have written. Tell us what you think about this article. Thanksgiving services 4. Bring a Thank-You tree into the Email [email protected] 1. Ahead of time, invite the chil- church. A couple of weeks before or write to 12501 Old Columbia Pike, dren to choose an object that they are the Thanksgiving service, give all Silver Spring, MD 20904.

MINISTRY 8 NOVEMBER 2009 THOMAS C. FILLINGER

Thomas C. Fillinger, DMin, ThM, is senior pastor of the SouthEast Community Church, Columbia, South Carolina, United States. Measuring ministry effectiveness objectively

aul describes, in vital and Biblical mandate determining effectiveness in the strong language, a portrait The past 50 years provide church. “We made a mistake. What of the church in 1 Timothy. evidence of an alarming distortion we should have done when people PHe uses imagery of archi- in the way the church determines crossed the line of faith and become tecture and zealously impresses effectiveness: numbers. More is Christians, we should have started upon the reader the importance of always better. How many? How telling people and teaching people the church as the citadel of truth much? How often? Denominational that they have to take responsibility absolute, the living testimony of reports focus on numbers. Military to become ‘self feeders.’ We should the self-revealing God. “[Y]ou will chaplain appointments are based on have gotten people, taught people, know how people ought to conduct the number of members reported how to read their Bible between themselves in God’s household, by the denomination. The size of a services, how to do the spiritual which is the church of the living God, church assigns status to pastorates. practices much more aggressively the pillar and foundation of the truth” Pastors often answer the call to on their own.”6 (1 Tim. 3:15).1 a new assignment because the Ed Stetzer, director of LifeWay I would like to suggest that the compensation package totals are Research, recently addressed the church currently applies a flawed higher at a larger assembly. But, issue of measuring ministry effec- metric—an erroneous standard in if we pull back the curtain and tiveness: “Most churches love their determining ministry effectiveness. view actual attendance and active traditions more than they love the With its current focus primarily, if growing and maturing disciples as lost. We lock ourselves into a self- not exclusively, upon the numeri- compared to actual membership, affi rming subculture.”7 cal (a one-dimensional aspect of the discrepancy is glaring.4 Numbers Is there a solution? Can the ministry), we find ourselves in a represent people, therefore, church be rescued from this self- precipitous and deadly decline.2 numbers are important. However, if imposed and deadly bondage? Yes. Furthermore, with this assessment we apply only a numerical standard, But this will require two absolutely process flawed, the results con- we deceive ourselves with this critical elements: courageous tribute to a continuing decline in worst form of deception, which leadership and a clearly defined our effectiveness, evidenced by the dishonors the Lord of Glory (see organizational and personal trans- growing segment of our culture that 2 Cor. 10:12).5 The biblical mandate formation process.8 regards the church as irrelevant and for effectiveness is transformation: No such thing as a quick fix unnecessary.3 “ ‘Therefore go and make disciples exists. Genuine transformation con- of all nations, baptizing them in the tinues as a process, not an event, The standard name of the Father and of the Son and is a journey that requires persis- What standard does the church and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching tence and endurance. This dilemma apply in evaluating ministry? them to obey everything I have does not yield to mere programs Remember, at this juncture, we are commanded you’ ” (Matt. 28:19, or fads. This is for the courageous not identifying what standard should 20); “Do not conform any longer leader who understands the principle be applied, but the standard that to the pattern of this world, but be given to Israel as it prepared to enter most frequently is applied. transformed by the renewing of the land of Canaan—God is the One This formula is sometimes your mind” (Rom. 12:2). who gives us the victory! “ ‘Hear referred to as the ABCs of ministry. Perhaps a recent statement by O Israel, today you are going into Do you recognize it? the pastors of a well-known and battle against your enemies. Do not A = Attendance influential ministry has captured be fainthearted or afraid; do not be B = Baptisms the most compelling evidence of terrifi ed or give way to panic before C = Cash the more-is-better syndrome for them. For the LORD your God is the

MINISTRY 9 NOVEMBER 2009 THOMAS C. FILLINGER

one who goes with you to fi ght for removal of the “ ‘famine of hearing you against your enemies to give you of the words of the LORD’ ” (Amos DOCTOR victory’ ” (Deut. 20:3, 4). 8:11). That, in and of itself, brings OF MINISTRY transformation. Journey to effectiveness Leaders who apply this first King Asa provides a profile of principle with integrity and a a courageous leader. I offer five determination to accurately assess simple observations concerning the effectiveness will be rewarded. They circumstances Asa faced and the will be equipped to measure an leadership he exercised. effective ministry shaped by sound exegesis and designed to produce 1. Asa faced perilous and diffi cult transformation in God’s people, circumstances (2 Chron. 15:4–6). which secures God’s blessing. God 2. Asa listened to the prophet Aza- uses surrendered (Luke 9:23) leaders riah, an outside voice (vv. 2, 8). in His church to initiate and direct 3. Asa took courage, which this process. New Concentration: equipped and moved him to act Assessment is the process of to create the “culture of obedi- intentional, systematic, objective, ence” necessary to bring reform and repeated evaluation of the Discipleship and blessing to the nation (vv. current reality of your church. By 8–11). completing a Readiness Inventory,9 and Spiritual 4. Asa established a covenant the leaders and the people began that required wholehearted par- the transformation process with a Formation ticipation by the people. They reliable portrait of their current reality embraced a common purpose and can deal with the Stockdale Par- Launching February 2010 and pursued that purpose with adox,10 which Jim Collins describes Application deadline: singleness of heart, unity, and in his book Good to Great. An impor- December 1, 2009 passion with all halfheartedness tant formula is introduced at this Dr. Allan Walshe, coordinator excluded (v. 15). juncture and applied throughout the 5. Asa removed opposition to process—PIE. Prayer. Information. “CHANGING THE PEOPLE reformation and genuine God- Encouragement. WHO CHANGE THE WORLD” honoring worship (v. 16). Character is the core of person- hood and leadership, and becomes Transforming a local church into a crucial element for those leading APPLY NOW a vibrant, healthy, and obedient body the transformation process in the for this and other cohorts that brings consistent measureable church. In this phase, the pastor and launching soon: change to God’s people becomes a key leaders complete the Servant marathon, not a sprint. The process Shepherd Leadership Inventory.11 Family Ministry that follows is credible, has been The character profi le this produces Leadership proven in numerous ministry venues, serves as a virtual strategic pathway Preaching is principles based, and may be for the pastor and other leaders to Urban Ministries applied in churches of various sizes follow in becoming more effective Youth Ministry and cultural settings. transformational leaders.12 They are equipped to improve their leadership For more information, Process based on objective data drawn from call 1-888-717-6244 To accomplish health and vitality historical ministry activity. www.doctorofministry.com in a local church is, in part, a theo- Team building is the process [email protected] logical pursuit—the fruit of sound of leading your church to minister exegesis. Those responsible for in a collegial, transparent, and leading out in change should apply interdependent ministry structure. the Word of God with precision Tragically, many pastors conduct and compassion to every aspect their ministry alone—in other of ministry. Every ministry venue words, they can do it alone. The must contribute to accomplishing New Testament model calls for a the church’s stated purpose. The plurality of leaders in each local church needs a sweeping move- church. Don’t do the work of 20 ment of God that leads to the people. Recruit and train 20 people

MINISTRY 10 NOVEMBER 2009 to do the work (see Eph. 4:12–16). benefi cial platform upon which those 4. Joel Belz, “Locked From the Inside,” World, October 29, 2005, www.worldmag.com/articles/11200. Those included on these ministry who desire an objective evaluation 5. Dan Gilgoff, quoted in Warren Cole Smith, “Numbers teams accept ministry opportuni- of ministry may stand. This requires Racket,” World, December 1, 2007, 26, 27. Dan Gilgoff, ties based upon ministry skills and continuous evaluation of what takes who covers the evangelical movement for U.S. News & World Report, stated, “[M]egachurch pastors ‘notoriously their desire to serve in a given place in ministry and the culture infl ate membership.’ ” area. Leadership selection and in which it is conducted. Frequent 6. Pastor Bill Hybels, quoted in Bob Burney, “A Shocking ‘Confession’ From Willow Creek Community Church,” development is a key component of assessment and incorporation of Crosswalk.com, October 30, 2007, http://www.crosswalk this process with this team respon- essential changes keep ministry .com/pastors/11558438/. 7. Ed Stetzer, quoted in Gary Myers, “Stetzer Highlights Keys sible for adopting and applying the fresh, vital, and effective with numer- to Church Revitalization,” Baptist Courier, November 2, Effectiveness Criteria13 designed ous resources available for those 2007, http://www.baptistcourier.com/2057.article. 8. Visit www.igniteus.net/tools/video-downloads to to bring continuous renewal to a who fi nd the courage to lead God’s review a video series that includes an overview of local church. The members of the people on this journey.16 the transformation process. The Web site also offers congregation provide the data for testimonies of pastors currently on the journey through this process. this ongoing assessment. Conclusion 9. An online instrument (www.igniteus.net /tools/readiness- Structure in ministry is the estab- Pastor, do you measure your inventory) consisting of two parts. Section I measures the church’s readiness to embrace the change process. lishment, organization, integration, ministry by the ABC formula men- Section II measures the pastor’s readiness to lead that resourcing, and execution of ministry tioned earlier? Or do you base church through the transformation process. 10. In the Stockdale Paradox, “you must retain faith that you initiatives shaped by a common pur- your ministry on biblical criteria will prevail in the end [regardless of the diffi culties] and pose. In the transformation process, drawn from the text of Scripture [at the same time] you must also confront the most brutal change values before changing by prayerful, diligent exegesis? Are facts of your current reality,” whatever they may be. Jim Collins, Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the ministry structures and recognize the evaluations you conduct based Leap . . . and Others Don’t (New York: HarperBusiness, the importance of this procedure. on credible, objective standards? 2001), 86. 11. An online 360 process that includes 12–14 people: pastor, Values drive behavior. During this The transformation of God’s people superiors, peers, subordinates, staff, board members, and period, the people begin to engage and applying a reliable assess- people from the congregation. Results are delivered in a 45-page report. Go to www.boothco.com to view a sample an intentional Spiritual Formation ment of their growth is fundamental of this instrument. Process.14 This provides the metric to orthodox biblical theism (Col. 12. Jim Herrington, Mike Bonem, and James H. Furr, 17 Leading Congregational Change: A Practical Guide for the for personal transformation just as 1:28). The good news is that God Transformational Journey (San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, the Effectiveness Criteria provides delights in blessing courageous 2000), 96, 97. It provides a benefi cial comparison of for corporate transformation. This leadership shaped by biblical pur- transactional and transformational leadership. 13. The fourteen Effectiveness Criteria: This is a guided metric. process leads to changed values. pose and measured by objective Each ministry area is assigned a “guided” objective Likert The three previous components of biblical standards. The challenge scale score of 0–5. The criteria include worship, leadership selection, leadership development, evangelism, church this process are allotted one year. includes changing the church’s discipline, and so forth. This phase usually requires 12 to DNA to reshape the values of the 14. Titled Measuring What Matters Most, it places participants in one of four discipleship phases. It includes 18 months. Leaders prepare the people you shepherd. The process specifi c phase objectives and a curriculum to accomplish congregation for the changes ahead, described by design requires three, those objectives. Each participant evaluates themselves providing both the what and why four, or even fi ve years. There are quarterly and has two accountability partners. All terms and concepts are clearly and biblically defi ned. This model that make change necessary. The very real risks involved. The process is principle based and lends itself to modifi cation for individual member and the body as a requires wisdom, courage, and application in a variety of ministry cultures. 15. Dietrich Bonhoeffer, Life Together (San Francisco: Harper, 18 whole are evaluated using objective endurance with tenacity. 1954). biblical definitions of obedience We must measure ministry by 16. Mark Dever, 9 Marks of A Healthy Church (Wheaton, IL: Crossway Books, 2004); Donald J. McNair and Esther L. and health. The church begins to transformation, not mere activity. Meek, The Practices of a Healthy Church: Biblical Strategies embrace their faith and ministry as You can be a leader who measures for Vibrant Church Life and Ministry (Phillipsburg, NJ: P & 15 R Publishing, 1999). life in community. ministry with objective and credible 17. “Christianity without the living Christ is inevitably Engagement is the continuous data. God provides the courage. You Christianity without discipleship, and Christianity without process of your church, as the body must provide the leadership. discipleship is always Christianity without Christ.” Dietrich Bonhoeffer, The Cost of Discipleship (New York: of Christ, being salt and light, con- MacMillan, 1963), 62, 63. fronting culture with compassion 1. Unless otherwise noted, scriptures are quoted from the 18. Claire Markwardt is an Ohio high school runner who New International Version of the Bible. broke her leg 45 feet from the fi nish line. She crawled the and resurrection power. This phase is 2. Crosswalk editorial staff, “Britain ‘No Longer Christian,’ remaining distance to fi nish (1 Cor. 9:24–27). Why? She ongoing. The principles of objective Says Infl uential Liberal Think Tank,” Crosswalk.com, www did not want to let her team down. That is persistence .crosswalk.com/news/religiontoday/11558689/, accessed and tenacity with a purpose greater than self. Wayne evaluation conducted on a quarterly November 6, 2007. The authors of the report say that “the Drehs, “High School Runner Breaks Leg in Meet, Crawls basis produce a biblical ministry traditional pillars of British identity have now vanished or to Finish Anyway,” ESPN, http://sports.espn.go.com/ncaa/ been greatly weakened.” Emphasis added. highschool/news/story?id=311847. model that thrives. Progress, while 3. Albert Mohler, “America’s Vanishing Protestant Majority— not always constant, is consistent. What Does It Mean?” www.albertmohler.com, This process provides a valid and www.albertmohler.com/?cat=Commentary&cdate =2004-08-09, August 9, 2004.

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MINISTRY 11 NOVEMBER 2009 BEN CLAUSEN Ben Clausen, PhD, is a scientist at the Geoscience Research Institute, Loma Linda, California, United States. Experiencing the power of God

Lift up your eyes on high, The spacecraft was so far away from shows His handiwork. / Day unto day And see who has created earth that it took four hours for a radio utters speech, / And night unto night these things, signal (traveling at the speed of light) reveals knowledge” (Ps. 19:1, 2). Who brings out their host by to reach the earth. And Neptune and number; planet Earth are neighbors within the From the grandest to the He calls them all by name, same solar system. minutest By the greatness of His might Why stop at the solar system? If the grandest in the universe And the strength of His power; Look at a clear, velvety night sky, and leaves us speechless, what about the Not one is missing you see millions of stars, twinkling minutest of which God made? He is (Isa. 40:26).1 like little lanterns. Our nearest star not only the Lord who created the (Alpha Centauri) is 10,000 times glorious galaxies, infi nite stars, distant Indeed, lift up your eyes with farther away than Neptune, or about planets, towering mountains, and vast Isaiah, and see the great wonders 25 trillion miles. For these kinds of oceans that continue to baffl e us, He on high. Look at the moon. It is distances, it is easier to just say how is also the Lord who controls, reigns, about 240,000 miles away. If you long it would take for light to travel and rules over the minutest details of take a passenger jet that travels at that far, which, in this case, totals our universe. “ ‘The very hairs of your the speed of 600 miles per hour, about four years. For any of the head are all numbered,’ ” said Jesus it will take some 17 days to get to stars we can see with the unaided (Matt. 10:30). Now, the human hair the moon. Forty years ago, Apollo eye, light has been traveling for up is not very thick, but even so, across pioneers made it to the moon in less to several hundred years. its thickness 100 human cells can be than four days. That’s still a long way, But these stars are only part of lined up side by side. Each cell can and yet light takes only a little more the Milky Way Galaxy that extends easily accommodate hundreds of than a second to cover that distance out far enough that it takes light viruses, and each virus can stack up at 186,000 miles per second. Who 100,000 years to reach us from stars thousands of atoms. Even the atom placed the moon just right in space on its edge. is much larger than the protons inside that it may be a light in the night for Beyond our own Milky Way Gal- it. If the protons inside an atom were simple humans such as we are? axy are myriads of other galaxies. scaled to the size of a basketball, And where is the sun? Light from The most distant object visible to the size of the atom would be about the sun takes only eight minutes the unaided eye is one of these the size of Delhi, home of 12 million to reach the earth. That means the galaxies, called Andromeda, which people. sun is roughly 93 million miles away is more than two million light-years from the earth; a little nearer and we away. However, the Hubble Space What is God’s power? would scorch; a little farther and we Telescope currently looks at objects We have seen a few simple would freeze. Just the right distance that are more than 1,000 times far- examples of God’s greatness in away, and who was responsible for ther away than even the Andromeda nature. These will catch our atten- this ruler of the day? Galaxy. That is a septillion miles tion, but interestingly enough, the Think of the solar system. The away, and this is a baffl ing fi gure: 1 essence of God’s power and great- farthest any man-made satellite has with 24 zeros after it. ness lies elsewhere. traveled is out to the edge of the No wonder Isaiah was lost for Remember Elijah when he fl ed system, several billion miles away. words, and cried out in awe and from Jezebel? He spent 40 days at In 1977, scientists launched the Voy- wonder: “See who has created Mount Horeb. He must have remem- ager 2 spacecraft to explore outer these things.” And the psalmist bered the stories about God’s great space. Traveling at a speed of some was driven more to penitence and power manifested on that mountain 42,000 miles per hour, 12 years later praise: “The heavens declare the when God gave the children of Israel Voyager 2 took a peek at Neptune. glory of God; / And the fi rmament the Ten Commandments. God came

MINISTRY 12 NOVEMBER 2009 and talked to Elijah there, and pretty a clockwork universe that provides Thinking about it since then, I awesome natural events occurred nothing for the human spirit and too have realized, Why not? Philosophy is again: wind, an earthquake, and fi re. rarely leads to belief in a personal God. fi ne for answering philosophical ques- But God was not in any of these. Woe is the church if it provides no tions. That answer worked fi ne for Finally, in a still, small Voice, Elijah more than science for the basic needs me. What pain have I experienced? sensed the presence of God (1 Kings of the human soul, if it, too, provides But for my scientist friend, who was 19:11, 12). only rules, creeds, doctrines, and rites, struggling with taking care of her hus- Elijah felt the power of God and a and if it doesn’t provide the concern band who had just had a heart attack, sense of His assurance. Paul defi nes of a friend or of a personal God who philosophy wasn’t good enough. that power as “the power of God to cares. A loving God would not allow her salvation,” the power of the gospel The evil in the world can be husband to have a heart attack, to (Rom. 1:16). This power changes lives; explained philosophically by a God have this senseless suffering. it gives us assurance that we belong to who made creatures with free will What my host needed was not God. People are looking for this power. so they could love, but when evil a recitation of doctrines; rather, she Science cannot understand directly affects a person’s life, the needed to know of a loving, personal or account for the reality of this only answer comes from a friend God, of a Christ who suffered along power. Steven Weinberg, in his who can empathize or a personal God with us here on the earth, who book Dreams of a Final Theory: The who understands. A purpose in life knows our sorrows as well as our Scientist’s Search for the Ultimate requires the personal touch, making joys. She needed the personal touch Laws of Nature,2 describes what a a difference in someone else’s life. of another who was hurting as she fi nal theory in physics would be like, Weinberg feels that personal was. Could I give her that? Have I and what form it might take. His need but unfortunately does not see experienced it myself? concluding essay argues that “the the solution in religion. Perhaps, he That’s our challenge. God’s only way that any sort of science can has seen only the form of godliness power in nature is there for us to proceed is to assume that there is no but not the power. The wonders of see. But more importantly, we need divine intervention.”3 And since sci- nature inspire awe, and that is good to experience God’s power in the ence has been so successful when and important, but more is needed gospel, the power that changes using this assumption, the assump- to give the power of the gospel of our own lives and makes us His tion is presumed to be correct. As Christ—of a Person. children. That we have the power such, “there is an incompatibility to argue for a particular viewpoint, between the naturalistic theory of A visit to Russia whether in science or theology, is not evolution and religion as generally I visited Moscow several years so crucial, but we must recognize understood.”4 Religion arose “in ago to work on a nuclear physics the importance of experiencing the the hearts of those who longed experiment. In the process, I made power of changed lives so we can for the continual intervention of an friends with a scientist who, for many reach out and touch others. Not a interested God.”5 years, has worked as a theoretical form of godliness, but the power of Weinberg would like to believe in a nuclear physicist at Moscow State the gospel of Jesus Christ. Designer, but that Designer would also University. She has shown an interest have to be responsible for suffering in my faith on several occasions, has 1. All scripture passages in this article are from the New King James Version (NKJV). and evil. He would like to fi nd evidence asked about the vegetable gardens 2. Steven Weinberg, Dream of a Final Theory: The Scientist’s in nature of a concerned Creator, but that a professor at the Zaoksky Semi- Search for the Ultimate Laws of Nature (New York: Pantheon Books, 1992). fi nds “sadness in doubting that we nary was famous for, has attended 3. Ibid., 247. will.”6 He does not think “that science the Adventist church in Moscow, and 4. Ibid., 248. 5. Ibid. will ever provide the consolations that knows a little about our beliefs. 6. Ibid., 256. have been offered by religion in facing I happened to visit her again 7. Ibid., 260. death.”7 Religion provides meaning recently. This time she asked me 8. Ibid., 255. and hope, but for those very reasons, about the problem of suffering. I was it seems “indelibly marked with the ready to tell her about the great con- stamp of wishful thinking.”8 troversy between good and evil, God The truth is that science has done wanting free will creatures to love well at mechanistically explaining Him, Lucifer choosing not to love, the natural world with a steadily and the results. Before I could start, diminishing need to invoke a God-of- however, she said, “I already know the-gaps until its use has fallen into about the fallen angel.” Obviously, disrepute. But it has left humanity with that answer wouldn’t satisfy her.

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MINISTRY 13 NOVEMBER 2009 DREXEL C. RANKIN Drexel C. Rankin, DMin, is a minister in the Disciples of Christ Church, Louisville, Kentucky, United States. Welcoming and retaining your visitors

o matter how many visi- Web site. It makes sense, then, to look. If the grounds communicate tors your church attracts have your information properly and “we care,” the visitor can assume during the year, you want attractively displayed in an ad or that these people are proud of Nthem to return. You want through an eye-catching Web site. their congregation, and therefore, to retain those visitors. (For help in designing your church’s are enthusiastic about their shared Studies indicate that of those Web site, see the sidebar.) spiritual life. who visit a church once, 10 percent 2. Make the fi rst impressions the 3. Make sure that visitors are eventually become members. If they best impressions. Most members recognized and appreciated. When visit three times, they are nearly as don’t notice what visitors notice. guests enter the building (possibly likely to become members as they The surroundings, style of worship, even before they enter) the members are to move on to another church. how people relate to each other, and of the church make the next and That seems to indicate that you have the condition of the facility have all most important impression. At this a maximum of three opportunities become too familiar for long-time point, people really decide whether to bond with them. So, you must members. But for fi rst-time visitors, or not to return again. prepare to have them return. everything makes an impression. To arrive at a worship service as How do you and your congre- Sometimes, when fi rst impressions a visitor is diffi cult for some people. gation make such preparations? and encounters are not inviting, I remember the greeting I received The suggestions outlined here are guests decide to move on. one morning at a church I was visit- guidelines any congregation can Guests don’t arrive at your front ing while vacationing. On that day follow. They will introduce your con- door anticipating a negative reaction. no one spoke to me. I surmised that gregation—its members, programs, They arrive expecting to experience if I were looking for a church home I and ministries—positively to the something positive. When they arrive likely would not return. That incident unchurched seekers of your neigh- in the parking lot, they will notice was so similar to an earlier time in my borhood and to those who have whether or not the lawn has been life, a day when I was looking for a chosen to visit. mowed or if the paint is peeling church home after moving to a new 1. Create an attractive introduc- from the building or tion to your church. Announcing the if windows are bro- DESIGNING A CHURCH WEB SITE sermon title and time of worship ken. The guest may services on a signboard in front ask the question, of the church building does not “If they can’t care Almost every congregation has at least one constitute a suffi cient introduction. for their physical person who knows about computers and would Signboards were made for a time property, can they enjoy the creativity of designing the church’s when people lived in the neighbor- care for my spiritual Web site. Find that person, tap into his or her hood and walked to church. Today, life?” knowledge, and ask him or her to use this special people often drive a long distance Visitors will ministry for his or her congregation. to attend a church, and listings on notice if your con- Many resources are available online to help signboards are not made for people gregation takes you design your church’s Web site. Check out who drive past your facility at a pride in its place of the following: moderate speed of 45 miles per hour. worship. A good • www.hirr.hartsem.edu (Click on Leadership A person’s fi rst contact with a first impression, Resources, then Designing Church Web Sites) congregation after moving to a new even on such a • www.tedpack.org/churchweb.html home would likely be the telephone superficial basis, • www.greatchurchwebsites.org directory’s advertising section (Yel- invites the guest • www.ForMinistry.com low Pages) or the church’s Internet to take a closer

MINISTRY 14 NOVEMBER 2009 community to do graduate studies. that George and Kelli returned to the because George and Kelli didn’t I attended a church where I thought church lobby, looking for another appear to have an obviously assigned I would be recognized by professors new face. job of greeting me. These “unof- and staff as one of the students of When we sat down, the man fi cial” folks made me realize that I their institution of higher learning. introduced me by name to the people was noticed. I was attracted by their What I received that morning was in front and behind us. He helped me thoughtfulness. a complete lack of recognition or to move with ease through an unfa- I’ve rediscovered what it means acknowledgment of my presence. miliar worship service. After worship, to be a visitor who arrives at a new The following week, I attended he took me to the fellowship hall for congregation, a visitor with uncer- another congregation where I was a hot drink and introduced me to the tainties. This may be a time of stress warmly greeted. Which because of the unfamil- congregation do you iar or a sense of being think I chose to join? Studies indicate that of an outsider, unaware of As a pastor who the traditions, values, has been accustomed those who visit a church history of the congrega- to long pastorates of once, 10 percent eventually tion, and relationships ten years or more, I that already exist there. found it easy to forget become members. If they Under these condi- that lesson. My life, visit three times, they are tions, a visitor looks for however, changed in a church where they more recent years as a nearly as likely to become will feel wanted and full-time interim minister members as they are to move welcomed. and, then, as a retiree 5. Be hospitable. who attends a variety of on to another church. Most congregations congregations regularly. pride themselves as In some churches, I being a friendly church, get a smile or a head nod but nothing minister. I feel confi dent that all of but Jesus calls us to be more than more. In others, people say, “Hello,” this didn’t just happen. I suspect that friendly. Jesus calls us to be hospi- or “Nice to have you here today.” the interplay was well planned and table. Hospitality means more than Seldom does anyone ask my name or executed behind the scenes. an invitation to a fellowship lunch. my reason for attending their church By the time I left, I felt wanted. Hospitality means the quality or that morning. Rarely does anyone Remember, Jesus intended evange- disposition of receiving and treating guide me to other people or through lism to be by personal contact and guests and strangers in a warm, the order of worship. inclusion. friendly, and generous manner. So imagine my surprise when I 4. Make your visitors feel that Jesus did not wait for people encountered a church where I was they are wanted. People may visit to come to Him. He made every showered with surprise after surprise. a church for the fi rst time because effort to go out and meet them At the door, the deacon greeted me of its location, attractive Web site, and their needs; He approached with a friendly “Hello. My name is inviting and attractive facilities, lots the people. The discussion with George.” He thanked me for choosing of growth opportunities, or a vibrant the woman at the Samaritan well, to come to their church that morning. worship service. But they will return the encounter with Zacchaeus, the George was forthright enough to say only if they feel wanted. interview with Nicodemus, and that he didn’t recognize me, and he With people moving so fre- many other instances teach us asked my name. quently, they often fi nd themselves that Jesus was deeply interested As we talked, a woman in the process of searching for that in people. That’s what made His approached us. She introduced her- place where they can fi nd a sense ministry unique. Likewise, church self as Kelli. She also asked my name. of belonging. Every visitor is search- members who want to share their The two of them stopped someone ing. Every guest is looking for his or faith and ministry with visitors must who was walking past and introduced her place. fi rst provide an inviting atmosphere, me. I’d hardly entered the front door To have those official greet- recognize and appreciate the visi- and already I knew three people. ers at the doors is essential. More tors, and treat them with a spirit of George and Kelli handed me off important, however, is the unoffi cial Christian love and grace. Christ’s to this last person, and he walked greeter, the worshiper who intro- grace is suffi cient to meet the needs with me into the worship area and duces himself to the visitor. I felt of those searching for something asked me to sit with him. I suspect more at home and more comfortable deeper in life.

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MINISTRY 15 NOVEMBER 2009 All of us have thought now and then of what we will enjoy most about eternal life—and no two dreams are exactly alike. But one thing is sure: you won’t spend eternity on a cloud playing a harp!

You will meet with people from every time period and culture. You’ll meet angels and the citizens of other worlds. All of creation will be yours to explore. You will keep your talents, wisdom, unique personality, curiosity, and sense of humor. But one thing all of the saved will lose forever is selfishness. Can you imagine such a world? Take time to explore the future you’ve always wanted.

Order online at ISBN 13: 978-0-8163-2306-7 ABCASAP.com ISBN 10: 0-8163-2306-2 US$12.99

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Michael W. Campbell, PhD, pastors the Montrose and Gunnison Seventh-day Adventist churches in Colorado, United States. The pastor’s guide to resource materials on church history

tories from the history (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1996). Purchasing books online of Christianity contain a This book packs a decided punch One of my favorite memories treasure trove of resources in 96 pages. Gonzalez provides from my Seminary years was getting Sfor the pastor. However, one-page overviews of the nine together with a group of students unlocking the variety of print and periods of church history, along to travel from Andrews University electronic resources can be a chal- with introductory bibliographies. in southwestern Michigan to Grand lenge because of the large volume 2. Mark A. Noll, Turning Points: Deci- Rapids, Michigan, about 90 minutes of material. Where do you begin? sive Moments in the History of northeast. We always made sure we Which resources are the most valu- Christianity, 2nd ed. (Grand Rap- stopped by Eerdmans Bookstore able? If you are like me, then you ids, MI: Baker Academic, 2000). to pick up discount copies of new want to make sure you get the most Noll takes 15 decisive moments books or the Kregel Bookstore. For- value for the limited funds available, and uses them as seminal events tunately, most bookstores now have coupled with the ever-lacking space that permanently altered the his- online portals to purchase either new in your bookshelf or hard drive. tory of the Christian church. or used books. Here are some of my This article complements two 3. Bruce L. Shelley, Church History favorites: previously published articles, the fi rst in Plain Language, 2nd ed. (Nash- by John McVay and Phillip Long on ville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1995). 1. www.abebooks.com—Helpful the pastor’s guide to New Testament One of the best one-volume for fi nding used books. It is the resources, and the second by Greg overviews, which is both simple largest collection of used books A. King on the pastor’s guide to Old and easy to use as a reference and bookstores online. Testament resources.* In addition to resource. 2. www.christianbook.com— having adequate biblical resources, a 4. Roland H. Bainton, Christianity Christian Book Distributors is a well-rounded pastoral library should (Boston, MA: Houghton Mif- discount distributor of new and have some essential volumes on flin, 1964). Although dated, used books. Their Web site and church history. perhaps one of the most read- catalogue each have a section The pastor can utilize church able overviews of the history of with church history resources. history as a source for sermon illus- Christianity. My personal favorite. 3. www.amazon.com—The largest trations, inspiration for a fi rst-person 5. Justo L. Gonzalez, A History of bookseller online with a wealth narrative sermon, telling the story Christian Thought, rev. ed., 3 of selections and discount prices of a signifi cant individual in church vols. (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, for church history resources. history, or even developing a heritage 1987). The strength of these Amazon also allows the user to Sabbath that features the legacy of a three volumes is their detailed browse the front cover, table of particular tradition. analysis on the development of contents, a few pages of con- doctrine from the early church tent, and the back cover of most Bibliographies and through the twentieth century. books, and offers used copies general surveys 6. Jaroslav Pelikan, The Chris- often at a discount price from With the limits of time and tian Tradition: A History of the affi liated sellers. money, some of the best guidance Development of Doctrine, 5 can be found in up-to-date bibliog- vols. (Chicago, IL: University Essential church history raphies, guides, and broad surveys. of Chicago Press, 1971–1989). resources for the Here are some of the best: One of the most defi nitive refer- pastor’s library ence series of volumes tracing What essential books and other 1. Justo L. Gonzalez, Church the development of Christian resources, focused on church his- History: An Essential Guide thought. tory, should be in the pastor’s library?

MINISTRY 17 NOVEMBER 2009 MICHAEL W. CAMPBELL

An adequate answer would need Press, 1989) or one of the recent Puritan Experiment: New England to take personal interests and skills CD-ROMs containing all of Luther’s Society From Bradford to Edwards into account. Of course, each author writings. Similar electronic compila- (Lebanon, NH: University Press of divides the history of Christianity in tions have been done for John Calvin, New England, 1995); and George different ways, but loosely based John Wesley, and other Reformers, M. Marsden’s Jonathan Edwards: A on my reading, I’ve come up with although I personally prefer the print Life (New Haven, CT: Yale University the following categories of what I editions. Numerous biographies Press, 2004). While bibliographies consider to be the essentials: abound as well, but my personal can help to guide you to specific The early and medieval church. favorites include Alister E. McGrath’s eras, some of the must-haves include One of the best resources to own is A Life of John Calvin (Malden, MA: Nathan O. Hatch, The Democratization The Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers Blackwell, 1990) and Henry D. Rack’s of American Christianity (New Haven, and The Ante-Nicene Fathers, avail- Reasonable Enthusiast: John Wesley CT: Yale University Press, 1991); able inexpensively both in print and and the Rise of Methodism, 3rd ed. George M. Marsden, Fundamental- electronically. A helpful overview is (London: Epworth Press, 2002). Every ism and American Culture, 2nd ed. Henry Chadwick’s The Early Church, pastor should have the definitive (New York: Oxford University Press, rev. ed. (New York: Penguin, 1993), edition of John Calvin’s Institutes 2006); Mark A. Noll, America’s God: and, if you can afford it, The Oxford of the Christian Religion published From Jonathan Edwards to Abraham Handbook of Early Christian Stud- as a part of the Library of Christian Lincoln (New York: Oxford University ies (New York: Oxford University Classics (Louisville, KY: Westminster Press, 2005); and Ronald G. Walters, Press USA, 2008) is a benchmark John Knox). The best one-volume American Reformers: 1815–1860, reference. Also helpful are some overview of Methodism is David rev. ed. (New York: Hill and Wang, specialized, but useful studies that Hempton’s Methodism: Empire of the 1997). Not to be left out is the out-of- include G. R. Evans, The Thought Spirit (New Haven, CT: Yale University print three-volume Encyclopedia of of Gregory the Great (New York: Press, 2005). For many of the lesser- the American Religious Experience: Cambridge University Press, 1986); known Reformers, including those Studies of Traditions and Movements Rowan William, Arius: Heresy and of the Anabaptist tradition, consult edited by Charles H. Lippy and Peter Tradition, rev. ed. (Grand Rapids, bibliographies or the sections on W. Williams (New York: Charles Scrib- MI: Eerdmans, 2001); R. W. South- further reading in Hillerbrand’s The ner’s Sons, 1988) that, although ern, Saint Anselm: A Portrait in a Oxford Encyclopedia of the Reforma- two decades old, still has readable Landscape (New York: Cambridge tion. For a broad survey of the history yet scholarly articles with helpful University Press, 1990); and Brian E. of Christianity in Europe, see G. R. bibliographies. Daley, The Hope of the Early Church: Evans, The History of Christian Europe Global Christianity. Christianity A Handbook of Patristic Eschatology (Oxford: Lion Hudson, 2009). is a worldwide movement with the (Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1991). American religion. A helpful over- most rapid growth in recent times Don’t miss Eusebius’s The History view is Leigh Schmidt’s revision occurring in Africa, Asia, and South of the Church (numerous editions of Edwin S. Gaustad’s classic The America. Church historians are are available, although I prefer the Religious History of America: The beginning to chronicle the history Penguin Classics edition of 1990). For Heart of the American Story From of the church in these areas. Two medieval studies, consult Joseph H. Colonial Times to Today (New York: helpful surveys include a collection Lynch, The Medieval Church: A Brief HarperOne, 2004). Another helpful of essays edited by Adrian Hastings, History (New York: Longman, 1992) title is Theology in America: Christian A World History of Christianity (Grand or Carl A. Volz, The Medieval Church Thought From the Age of the Puritans Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1999) and (Nashville, TN: Abingdon, 1997). to the Civil War by E. Brooks Holifi eld Jonathan Hill’s The History of Chris- Reformation and European (New Haven, CT: Yale University tian Thought: The Fascinating Story of church. One of the best reference Press, 2003). Equally defi nitive, but the Great Christian Thinkers and How works related to the Reformation with more sensitivity to Canada and They Helped Shape the World as We is Hans Hillerbrand’s The Oxford transatlantic infl uences, is Mark A. Know It Today (Downer’s Grover, IL: Encyclopedia of the Reformation, 4 Noll’s A History of Christianity in the InterVarsity Press Academic, 2007). vols. (New York: Oxford University United States and Canada (Grand A book by Charles E. Bradford, Press USA, 1996). Helpful biographi- Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 1992). For Sabbath Roots: The African Con- cal treatments of some of the major those interested in Puritan studies, nection (Silver Spring, MD: General Reformers include those by Richard the writings of Perry Miller are an Conference Ministerial Association, Marius and Martin Brecht (perhaps essential starting point. See the recent 1999) may challenge some of your the most defi nitive biography, in my edition by Perry Miller and Thomas H. traditional assumptions. With all opinion) along with Timothy F. Lull’s Johnson, eds., The Puritans: A Source- of the interest in global Christian Martin Luther’s Basic Theological book of Their Writings (Mineola, NY: history, I anticipate that this is an Writings (Minneapolis, MN: Fortress Dover, 2001); Francis J. Bremer’s The area where I will need to make

MINISTRY 18 NOVEMBER 2009 room on my bookshelf in the next White (Washington, DC: Review check out Arthur W. Spalding’s Origin couple of years, although as one and Herald, 1985). Although written and History of Seventh-day Adventists, scholar pointed out at a recent by a sympathetic grandson, White 4 vols. (Washington, DC: Review and scholarly conference, the largest does a great job of exploring in detail Herald, 1961) or Adventism’s first challenge that historians face is a the life of his grandmother. A much historian J. N. Loughborough’s The lack of access to primary sources more critical biography by Ronald Great Second Advent Movement: (or possibly sources that have been L. Numbers, Prophetess of Health: Its Rise and Progress, rev. ed. destroyed). A preview of things to A Study of Ellen G. White, 3rd ed. (Loma Linda, CA: Adventist Pioneer come are the fi rst two volumes by (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2008), Library, 1992). Adventist pastors will Samuel Hugh Moffett, A History of questions the genuineness of Ellen especially appreciate the development Christianity in Asia (Maryknoll, NY: White’s prophetic calling. The best of Adventist evangelism detailed Orbis Books, 1992–2004); Justo apologetic work that answers these in Howard B. Week’s Adventist L. Gonzalez and Odina E. Gonza- questions is Herbert Douglass’s Evangelism in the Twentieth Century lez, Christianity in Latin America: Messenger of the Lord: The Prophetic (Washington, DC: Review and Herald, A History (New York: Cambridge Ministry of Ellen G. White (Nampa, 1969). Personally, I have found Paul University Press, 2007); and a great ID: Pacifi c Press, 1998). Also helpful A. Gordon’s My Dear Brother M . . . : introduction to primary sources by are volumes in the new Adventist Why Ellen White Wrote the Letters in Klaus Koschorke, Frieder Ludwig, biography series (especially George Testimonies for the Church (Nampa, and Marian Delgado, eds., A His- Knight’s biography on Joseph Bates) ID: Pacifi c Press, 1997) a great tool for tory of Christianity in Asia, Africa, and the new series of volumes developing a prayer meeting series on and Latin America, 1450–1990: A published by Andrews University the life and writings of Ellen White. Documentary Sourcebook (Grand Press as the Adventist Classics Library Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2007). (these volumes with their scholarly * John McVay and Phillip Long, “The Pastor’s Guide to Resource Materials on the New Testament,” Ministry, May Adventist studies. The defi nitive introductions are a must-have for the 2006, 22–24; Greg A. King, “The Pastor’s Guide to Resource biography of Ellen White’s life is student of Adventist history). For an Materials on the Old Testament,” Ministry, July 2006, 21–24. Arthur White’s six-volume Ellen G. out-dated but story-driven narrative,

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LETTERS Continued from page 4

Creation Sabbath off the presses in ever-increasing adequate proof for me that led to a he article “Creation, the Sabbath, numbers since the 1960s. strong belief in the trustworthiness Tand Worship” (July 2009) was There is no question about the of Scripture and a life-long ministry. I beautifully written and theologically primary place of faith in trusting know of scores of scientists who were encouraging in view of what the God’s Word; but I cannot believe once ardent evolutionists but are now Bible teaches. I much appreciate the that Dr. Baldwin intended for us to young-earth creationists. They found good work of Dr. Baldwin. stop seeking the scientifi c truth about suffi cient proof and reason to risk However, one statement raises a origins. Our people need to know their university professional status to serious question. “While Christians how overwhelming the scientific follow the real God. are not to seek to prove by science evidences are. Sincere and strictly For those who are earnestly and reason the reality of God and honest seekers for truth will demand seeking for scientifi c evidences as divine attributes, they must, through all the evidences they can get that will a basis to help believe the Bible and faith, thank God for revealing His be proof enough to take a stand for everything else it teaches, begin by love, wisdom, and power in the eternity. Evolution is a dying “fairy tale reading some of the books written visible things He has created.” Some for grown-ups.” How the evolutionists by these scientists: Origins: Linking of us are concerned that our read- of all stripes would rejoice to fi nd us Science and Scripture, by Dr. Ariel A. ers and students might think from making a contribution to their efforts Roth; Origin by Design, by Dr. Harold such a statement from one of our to keep all the empirical evidences for G. Coffi n, Dr. Robert H. Brown, and scholars, that the scientifi c evidence Creation from the public. Dr. L. James Gibson; and Science for Creation is too weak to receive Years ago, while a teenager, I Discovers God: Seven Convincing attention or study. If so, they would accepted without question what the Lines of Evidence for His Existence, miss the powerful scientifi c Creation science teachers said about evolution. by Dr. Ariel A. Roth. books, articles, magazines, tapes, Later after reading some of the wealth —O. R. Henderson, Avon Park, Florida, and DVDs that have been pouring of scientifi c Creation literature, I found United States

MINISTRY 19 NOVEMBER 2009 WILLIAM LOVELESS

William Loveless, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Educational Services, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, United States. Appreciative inquiry: Lessons from a business model

ow should we view further impetus by asserting that and create, and this has implica- human nature and God had decreed who would be lost tions for the creative side of human spirituality? The history and who would be saved. Further nature. Hof theology provides dif- complicating the picture were seven- ferent answers, each one affecting teenth century European theologians Creation spirituality in its own way how we minister. who asserted that God, before the model After a brief review of this historical creation of the world, had already The contrast between original sin background, this article aims to draw decreed who would be saved and spirituality and creation spirituality in some lessons from a current model lost (supralapsarianism). some ways can best be seen and of the world of business. Against this strong Augustinian- controlled by the way we ask ques- Let us begin with Augustine. Calvinist influence that often tions and conduct business in our This early theologian (A.D. 354–430) perceives human nature in negative families, churches, and institutions. taught that humans were created terms, an obscure Dutch theologian, I use the term conduct business good and upright, possessed a free Jacobus Arminius (1560–1609), took purposefully because of insights pro- will, and were endowed with the a bold step to proclaim many truths vided in a business model created by possibility of obeying God’s will. now espoused by a large section of David L. Cooperrider3 who originated From this positive state, free of Protestant theologians. He declared and applied the appreciative inquiry discord, Adam and Eve fell into that Christ died for all people; (AI) model in a business environ- sin. The consequent loss of good salvation comes by faith: those who ment. Cooperrider perceived that plunged them and the entire human believe are saved, those who resist all too often a business pursues a race into a state of total and helpless God’s grace are lost; God does not traditional approach by asking, What ruin, with the proper ending being select (elect) particular individuals for problems are you or your business eternal death. Thus, everyone—even either outcome; and God wishes that having? The follow-up focuses on the youngest infant—Augustine all humans be saved. the problem: diagnosing it through noted, “is a ‘mass of perdition,’ and Adventist theology, in no sense, surveys and interviews and suggest- as such deserves the wrath of God. denies the effects of sin on human ing a solution—usually a course of From this hopeless state of original nature. However, to counteract the action designed to fi x the problem. sin ‘no one, no, not one, has been remaining vestiges of a negative, and By paying attention to problems, we delivered, or is being delivered, or even fatal, perspective on human- emphasize and magnify them. This ever will be delivered, except by the kind, it’s time for another way of approach fi ts the original sin model grace of the Redeemer.’ ”1 Augustine seeing or another emphasis more that says, “People are broken; they added that God, in His mercy, has aligned with God’s gifts to humans are problems.” Looking at any orga- determined the exact number of and God’s positive redeeming love— nization or system for problems will those whom He will save and those a move from negative to creation provide them. You fi nd what you are who will be lost and that the number spirituality. To be sure, human nature looking for in abundance, be it in a of those receiving His grace remains is fallen, but there remains a noble, church, school, family, or institution. certain and can neither increase helpful, and redeemable part of The creation spirituality model, nor diminish. Thus, convictions in human nature that, in many ways, like Cooperrider’s business model, Western Christianity arose regarding retains the assets of our Maker. starts from a different place, using predestination, irresistible grace, the We can give credence to the asser- a different set of assumptions and perseverance of the saints, and the tion that “[n]ot only intellectual but questions. The key question is, What decrees of God. spiritual power, a perception of right, is working around here? The question To this Augustinian negative a desire for goodness, exists in every assumes that something is working. spirituality (original sin spirituality), heart.”2 We are created in God’s To understand creative spiritual- John Calvin (1509–1564) added a image with the power to think, act, ity, it is crucial to understand and

MINISTRY 20 NOVEMBER 2009 accept its supporting assumptions, has led us.”4 We should always carry challenging, exciting, and barely that is, the shared beliefs (sometimes the best of the past forward. Some- possible. Fear and doubt have no unarticulated) that prompt a group’s thing works. Find it and grow it. place here. For example, “We have actions and thinking. Examining the Assumption 6. To value differ- excellent church school teachers. assumptions supporting Cooper- ences of opinion, differences of Suppose we were providing tuition rider’s process, we can focus on the interpretation, and differences that for every eligible student in our good rather than the problems and arise from many kinds of diversity is congregation to be exposed to a thereby achieve a creative spirituality important. Sometimes, a discussion Christian education.” “At least half of orientation. of difference can purify an idea, a our members are active and mobile; Assumption 1. In every system, concept, or the identity of what is imagine their impact on the other be it society, an organization, family, working. half if they called or visited them.” or another group, something works. 3. Build some bold positions. Instead of looking for what is broken, Working the model The picture of the future can now look rather for what works (what These key assumptions in appre- be transformed into what AI calls creates good) and grow it. ciative inquiry (AI) lead to a summary “provocative propositions,” describ- Imagine how many consultant of the operational parts of the model. ing an ideal state of what will be in funds could be saved and how Although these concepts are not the future. To write a provocative much stress could be eliminated if diffi cult to understand, like all tools proposition, we apply “what if” to all institutions, churches, and families used in organizational work, they the themes that emerge and provide were honestly searching for what need to be experienced several times a picture of the preferred future works in their corporate life. Finding before they can be mastered. The created in steps one and two. Some what works is not easy; it takes following steps can help. provocative propositions might be, discipline. Moreover, this process 1. Identify what works. Through “All of the members of the church does not mandate simply ignoring the use of well-designed questions, are acquainted with and participate problems but treats problems in a what is working in any organization as individuals in accomplishing the different way—they are not given can, in time, be identified. Most mission of the church in the com- center stage. Finding what works successful AI questioning arises munity”; “At our church there is a has a way of placing problems in when as many concerned people as high tolerance for and welcoming the proper context. As the apostle possible are working in triads asking of diversity”; “We have an attrac- advised, “Say only what is good and the right questions to identify what tive church facility as well as able helpful to those you are talking to, is working. In a church setting, the members who can attract com- and what will give them a blessing” inquiry best includes every member munity residents to health-related (Eph. 4:29, TLB). who can be mustered to the task. workshops.” Assumption 2. What we focus Limiting the inquiry groups to triads 4. Create an action plan. The on becomes our reality. Negative ensures valuable input even from fi nal step in AI includes taking the questions and statements produce the more timid participants. Experi- provocative statements of step three a negative reality. ence has shown that groups are and creating an action plan: Who Assumption 3. Reality becomes greatly energized by this phase of will do what? By what time? What created in the moment. Humans the inquiry. It’s just plain fun to ask, steps must be taken to accomplish are capable of holding multiple “What’s working? Our Pathfi nders? this identifi ed and preferred future? realities at the same time. The most Our 12-Step program? Our liaison Once the goals of the provocative important reality to us is the socially with the child-support agency? An proposition are determined, the nuts constructed reality, that is, the real- avidly discussing Sabbath School and bolts of planning must defi ne the ity that grows and is nurtured by class? Our landscaping? Our nursery near future. Planning grows to be personal relationships. supervision during church?” grounded in hope. In every system, Assumption 4. The art of asking 2. Create a challenging future. institution, and church, something questions of an organization or group The heart of the AI process is the works. Find it and grow it. infl uences that group in some way. creation of a desired and compel- Assumption 5. People have more ling image of the future based on 1. Williston Walker, A History of the Christian Church (New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1918), 181, 182. confi dence and comfort about jour- the positive answers the group 2. Ellen G. White, Education (Mountain View, CA: Pacifi c Press, neying to the future (the unknown) produces in step one—where imagi- 1952), 29. 3. David L. Cooperrider, Peter F. Sorensen Jr., Diane Whitney, when they can carry forward parts nation comes to the front. Crafting and Theresa F. Yaeger, eds., Appreciative Inquiry: Rethinking of the past (the known). “We have the future for a church group or Human Organization Toward a Positive Theory of Change (Champaign, IL: Stipes Publishing, 2000). nothing to fear for the future except institution requires the freedom 4. Ellen G. White, Testimonies to Ministers and Gospel Workers as we shall forget the way the Lord to imagine. The future must be (Mountain View, CA: Pacifi c Press, 1962), 31.

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MINISTRY 21 NOVEMBER 2009 FIND YOUR PLACE FAITH • FRIENDS • FUTURE ooking for something different? Choosing a college is one of those big life decisions involving L a major investment of time and money. Prospective college students have an amazing array of details to consider as they decide where to enroll. For Christian students, additional details come into play. Which college offers an experience compatible with their lifestyle and belief system? Encourage students in your congregation to choose a distinctively Christian and distinctively Seventh-day Adventist college. We combine the best of both worlds–excellent academics set in a faith-affirming environment. Here are some of the benefits to consider: • Quality over quantity. Adventist colleges are smaller than most state universities. A smaller student body offers the option of smaller class sizes. Faculty members know their students and can provide personalized attention. Professors teach from a Biblical worldview. The belief that God made all things and knows them intimately is a common thread throughout their teaching. • A community of believers. Many students away from home for the first time find an environment of like-minded peers a positive influence. A natural step for students when choosing a college, is finding a circle of friends who share their beliefs. A non-Christian campus, especially a large one, can be quite a shock to an incoming freshman. • Opportunities to grow your faith. Worship services, campus ministries, student-led spiritual activities, mission trips, and service projects are just a few of the options provided to help students grow spiritually and discover what God has planned for them. On an Adventist college campus, “getting involved” is the rule, not the exception. • Surprisingly affordable. Many students find a Seventh-day Adventist college education more affordable than at other private four-year institutions. Numerous grants and scholarships are available as well as work-study opportunities. The cost-to-benefits ratio is the ultimate bonus of a faith-based school. • Nearly 500 academic majors. The 15 accredited colleges and universities in North America offer a wide range of quality educational options. If a student wants to pursue a career in anything from accounting to zoology, chances are they can find that major at an Adventist college. Some of the schools are even ranked as top-tier by U.S. News & World Report and The Princeton Review.

Share the benefits of a Seventh-day Adventist Christian education with your congregation today!

Andrews University • Atlantic Union College • Canadian University College • Florida Hospital College of Health Sciences • Griggs University • Kettering College of Medical Arts • La Sierra University • Loma Linda University • Oakwood University • Pacific Union College • Southern Adventist University • Southwestern Adventist University • Union College • Walla Walla University • Washington Adventist University Visit our website at www.adventistcolleges.org

Sponsored by AACU (Association of Adventist Colleges and Universities) BILL JACKSON

Bill Jackson, PhD, is a counselor with South Burnett Counselling, Kingaroy, Queensland, Australia. The pastoral counselor as prophet and priest

Editor’s note: A distinction must be In a similar way, the pastoral coun- opposite effect. In contrast, the made between pastoral counseling selor acts as the professional, the encouragement provided by the and clinical counseling. This article one with the training and knowledge pastoral counselor should be of a advocates that unless pastors have required to assist, to the best of his different kind—the kind that actually academic training in clinical counsel- or her ability, those who seek help. does encourage. ing, they are to limit their counseling Clearly, then, pastoral counselors Rituals. Rituals offer a tangible to assisting church members and perform a priestly function and this way to provide meaning. The life of others in a nonclinical fashion. can be performed in any number the Israelite nation contained many of ways. Below are three important rituals, both corporate and individual, ne of the underlying examples. by which the Israelites became more themes throughout the Affi rmation. Affi rmation prevails cohesive and were strengthened in biblical narrative, particu- as a major focus in pastoral counsel- their worldview. Olarly in the Old Testament, ing since those being counseled often Pastoral counselors fi nd them- consists of the dual role of prophet lack self-worth. One way this per- selves in a position to encourage and priest. In the theocracy of ceived shortcoming can be addressed rituals among clients. These may ancient Israel, both prophet and is by affirming them. I am always be as simple as daily breathing priest had important roles to play in impressed and encouraged when I exercises, relaxation techniques, representing the people to their God learn of the resilience of counselees. or weekly responsibilities toward and, in turn, speaking to the people How they have kept going in the face themselves or others. One former on behalf of God. of overwhelming adversity humbles client was able to ritualize specifi c Both of these roles come together me. One of the standard questions social activities with his children and, in a pastoral counselor. While not in solution focused therapy is, “How through this, improved the quality of necessarily acting in a mediatory way, did you do that?” After an hour of this time with his family. pastoral counselors fi nd themselves training, we hope the clients will leave in a unique position where they can in the knowledge that they them- The prophetic role act in both priestly and prophetic selves have actually done something Besides these priestly roles, the roles with church members. positive in their lives. pastoral counselor also fulfills a Encouragement. Often it falls to prophetic function. Traditionally, The priestly role the pastoral counselor to encourage this prophetic role was to confront Pastoral counselors certainly those who see little reason not to and proclaim. Many people limit fulfi ll a priestly function. After all, give up. We need to assist those who the prophetic role to foretelling, a priest’s duties include helping seek our counsel to search for moti- that is, predicting the future, which people to make sense of and to vation—for reasons to keep going is wrong. A major part of biblical fi nd meaning in their lives on both and push ahead. How often do we prophecy was forth telling, or in an individual and corporate level. In receive church members and others other words, proclaiming (telling ancient Israel, they bestowed bless- whose only “encouragement” has forth) the Word of God and/or the ings upon others. This act included come from friends whose attempts messages received from God. “Thus even Melchizedek (Gen. 14), who at encouragement fall way short? saith the Lord” became a well-known bestowed a blessing upon Abraham. “Stop complaining, and just get on saying of biblical prophets and often The assumption here is that the with it.” “Forget them. They’re just comprised the opening words of lesser is blessed by the greater. As not worth it.” their pronouncements. Abraham accedes to Melchizedek, And so it goes. Often such Pastoral counselors do not claim so he infers his subservience to him. encouragement tends to have the to be foretellers. While at times, a

MINISTRY 23 NOVEMBER 2009 BILL JACKSON

client’s future may seem clear based who opposed the prophet Jeremiah. on a determined course of action, They plotted against him, threatened we do not know the future. We can, him with death (Jer. 11; 26), burned however, be forth tellers. Though we his written message (chap. 36), may do this in any number of ways, imprisoned him (chap. 37), and even I will focus here on two. threw him into a cistern (chap. 38). Reflection/Reflected Listening. Clearly, being a prophet can be risky Through refl ecting back to a coun- business. selee, we not only show them that we About 50 years ago, American have heard them, but we also allow sociologist Charles Glock conducted them to hear afresh what they, them- a major empirical study of Episcopa- selves, are saying. At the same time, lians. Glock and his fellow authors we show our clients that we are there sought to account for the variation for them and that they are, at this very in the degree in which Episcopalians moment, the most important person were involved in their local congre- in the room. Therefore, use parroting gations. Among their fi ndings was and paraphrasing to basically tell that the church did a fine job of RELIGIOUS them, “You have been heard.” comforting people who were feeling Confrontation/questioning. Con- deprived. This study concluded that frontation allows us to say some “the church at large serves more of things to a client that they might a comforting role to its parishioners BOOKS not otherwise hear but which, in our than a challenging role.”2 Further, opinion, they need to hear. For a bib- they found that when the church NEEDED lical model, see Nathan’s encounter body does challenge individuals, it with King David, which ended with risks losing members. the confrontational words, “ ‘You are While not totally surprising, the man!’ ” (2 Sam. 12:7, NIV). these findings proved significant Seminaries and Colleges While questioning can be seen and threatening. The church seemed around the world are in as threatening, it may also be our to fulfi ll its mandate through these great need of quality most powerful tool because it allows two foci: comforting and challeng- religious reading materials us to probe, confront, and take the ing. In other words, the church’s for training and educating counselees out of their comfort mission was played out in both future leaders. zones. This skill is not limited to priestly and prophetic roles. How- You can help meet this pastoral counselors; it can indeed be ever, to the surprise and indignation challenge by donating new taught to and practiced by anyone of many denominational leaders, the or used religious books who cares for another.1 churches did a much better job of (avoid story or devotional comforting than of challenging. books), or by helping us Conclusion The challenge for pastoral coun- purchase the most urgently Pastoral counselors need to be selors is comprised of fi nding, and needed books through your both prophet and priest. Which is then keeping, the balance of both financial contribution. easier? In the Old Testament times, comforting and, when need be, priests were often able to undertake challenging those who come to us Please send donations to: their functions relatively unscathed. for assistance. Prophets, on the other hand, fre- In short, we need to be faithful Books for quently had it tough. Examples priests and prophets. Theological Libraries abound when they were forced to C/O Pacific Press confront people with unpopular 1. Bill Jackson, “Theory of the Second Question,” Counselling Australia 7, no. 3 (Spring 2007), www.theaca.net.au/ Publishing Association messages and in unorthodox ways. journals/ca_archive/ACA%20Mag%20Vol7%20No2%20 1350 N. Kings Road One needs to consider, for instance, Winter%2007.pdf. 2. Charles Y. Glock, Benjamin B. Ringer, and Earl R. Babbie, To Nampa, ID 83687 Ezekiel being commanded by God to Comfort and To Challenge: A Dilemma of the Contemporary bake food using human excrement Church (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1967), 110. or, if you would like to meet as fuel to punish the Israelites, caus- a specific need, please call ing him to reply, “ ‘Not so, Sovereign LORD! I have never defi led myself’ ” Tell us what you think about this article. 301-680-6511 (Ezek. 4:14, NIV). Email [email protected] to find out how you can help. However, nothing seems to or write to 12501 Old Columbia Pike, come close to the reaction of those Silver Spring, MD 20904.

MINISTRY 24 NOVEMBER 2009 RESOURCES

Armageddon at the two parties involved and from the Portuguese colony of Brazil, Door, by Jon Paulien, also relating the nature the city was filled with churches Hagerstown, MD: of this war on terror to (around 500) and home to colo- Autumn House, 2008. the real, soon-coming nies of English Protestant traders, battle of Armageddon and Huguenots, and Irish. Its destruction end-time events. This is on All Saints Day, November 1, on Paulien presents a relevant and attractive to 1755, by the largest earthquake ever study on the biblical view J ccontemporary readers. recorded—8.75–9 on the Richter of Armageddon, beginning Second, the pastoral scale—was “and still remains the from a survey of the present nnature of the book can be most notable earthquake in history.” “war on terror” to investigating seen as it stresses important spiritual It has been described in its effect the signifi cance of the term, espe- points from prophecy by repeating as “comparable to the explosion of cially from the context of the book them for emphasis. Third, the book the Atomic Bomb at Hiroshima.” of Revelation. simplifi es the exegetical process for Yet despite its contemporary impact In the first two chapters, the interpreting the apocalypse for lay upon the world of the eighteenth author begins with an overview of members to understand and use for century, it has largely been just a the war on terror and the factors cen- their own personal study. He does this footnote in the history books. This tral to it. Chapters 3 and 4 describe by stating hermeneutical principles fascinating volume corrects this the author’s personal search for the for interpretation. Fourth, the author omission, showing what a terrible meaning of Armageddon. Chapter clearly avoids and warns against the and fearful event the earthquake was 5 traces the Mount Carmel theme in human tendency to make specific and the profound effect it had upon Revelation 12–14 and identifi es the predictions, speculations, and date the philosophical and theological key players involved in the confl ict. setting about the events to come. He thinking of the period. The sixth chapter analyzes the based his work on general principles The extent of the quake was end-time role and context of the identifi able from the exegesis of the massive; its effects were well felt seven last plagues of Revelation text of Revelation. He also supports from Ireland to the West Indies, 16 and creates the background for these general events with quotes from England to Africa. It lasted ten interpreting Armageddon (which from the writings of Ellen G. White minutes, followed by two large after- is related to the sixth plague). where necessary. shocks. The Spanish port of Cadiz The author tackles the exegetical The book, logically organized and experienced a tidal wave that threw challenge of interpreting certain exegetically sound, is recommended ten-ton rocks fi fty feet into the air. prophetic specifi cs of Armageddon not only for New Testament biblical It was Lisbon itself that experi- in Revelation 17 (especially verse students interested in the book of enced the direct horror. A tidal wave 10) in chapter 7 and (in more detail) Revelation but for others who want to 40 feet high, traveling at 400 miles the appendix at the end of the book. learn more about the topic and under- per hour, virtually destroyed the city, In chapters 8 and 9, the major stand it from a biblical perspective. killing approximately 40,000 people confederacies involved in the war of —Reviewed by Ikechukwu Michael Oluikpe, PhD and starting a fi re that burned for Armageddon are identifi ed based on candidate in New Testament Studies, Adventist a week. The nature of the disaster the author’s exegesis of the Revela- International Institute of Advanced Studies, Silang, led to an examination of its cause. tion 12–17 context. Chapters 10 and Cavite, Philippines. The prevailing view of a God who 11 enumerate the major events of punished evil by direct interven- Armageddon, while chapter 12 con- tion in nature could not tains refl ections on the implications Wrath of God: The be sustained. A God who of the study’s view of Armageddon Story of the Great would act like this would be for the present time—beginning with Lisbon Earthquake a monster. the war on terror and concluding of 1755, by Edward Rational explanations with basic spiritual principles perti- Paice, London: were sought and the science nent to the reader’s preparedness Quercus, 2008. of seismology was born. for what is coming. TThese were natural explana- First, the book contains a basic n the mid-eighteenth ttions for national disasters. description and explanation of the century, Lisbon was Perhaps more signifi cant war on terror as an introduction, I the fourth largest city in wwas the attack upon the phi- stating the factors affecting the Europe. Benefi ting from gold coming losophy of optimism and religion.

MINISTRY 25 NOVEMBER 2009 RESOURCES

How could a good God allow or even reached. In the fi rst chapter, du Preez where it designates the seventh-day cause such a terrible disaster? In surveys the literature and concludes Sabbath, seventh-day Sabbaths, and France, Voltaire wrote his infamous that Colossians 2:11 has been used ceremonial sabbaths, such as the book Candide. In England, Samuel throughout Christian history to Day of Atonement and the sabbatical Johnson produced Rasselas. Both argue that the seventh-day Sabbath years. These conclusions are based books marked the end of a worldview was abrogated. This establishes his on the use of specific markers in dominated by a God who caused exegetical agenda. Is it true that the the New Testament that help him disasters as punishments for evil. The Hebrew term for sabbath (šabbāt) identify cases where sabbata refers to earthquake contributed to a new way never designates ceremonial sab- the seventh-day Sabbath or to some- of thinking about God and the world. baths? The author addresses this in thing else (for example, seventh-day Modernism was born. chapter 2. He studies the 111 occur- Sabbath is accompanied by the defi - The book is worth reading for the rences of the term šabbāt in the Old nite article, the verb keep, the word consequences of the actual earth- Testament and observes that out of day, and so forth). Whenever sabbata quake, the aftershocks, the fi re in the those, 94 designate the seventh-day designates the week, the word is city, and how the disaster affected Sabbath and 19 designate some- always accompanied by a numerical the consciences of men and women thing else. He distinguishes these indicator (for example, “first day all over Europe. This absorbing story two groups of passages by paying of the week”). In Colossians 2:16, adds new meaning to the opening particular attention to syntactical and sabbata is not accompanied by any of the sixth seal and the seventh linguistic markers, then he concludes of those specifi c markers. plague in the book of Revelation. that the term is used to refer to the Du Preez goes back to the The story also illustrates why Bible week, the Day of Atonement, and the Hebrew Bible to examine the con- students saw it as a fulfi llment of the sabbatical years. nection between sabbata and the earthquake of Revelation 6:12. Du Preez also examines, in chap- ceremonial sabbaths. He confi rms —Reviewed by Patrick J. Boyle, MA, retired pas- ter 3, the use of sabbath terminology that in Leviticus 23:32c the Hebrew tor, Watford, England. in the Septuagint, particularly the šabbāt refers to the Day of Atone- rendering of the Hebrew ment and is translated into Greek phrase šabbat šabbātôn, as sabbata. The same usage of the Judging the Sabbath: used to designate the Day singular is found in the case of the Discovering What of Atonement and the sab- sabbatical years. He also points Can’t Be Found in batical years. The argument out that the Day of Trumpets is Colossians 2:16 by under consideration indi- referred to in the Septuagint with the Ron du Preez, Berrien cates that the Septuagint singular sabbaton. The conclusion is Springs, MI: Andrews never uses the simple term reaffi rmed that the term sabbata can University Press, 2008. ssabbath to designate cer- designate ceremonial sabbaths. eemonial sabbaths. Du Preez In chapter 6, the author his document contains the most demonstrates that the phrase šabbat addresses the question of the cal- Tcomplete and detailed scholarly šabbātôn is only once translated endar sequence: feast, new moon, study of the biblical phrase “feasts, sabbata sabbatōn in the Greek version. and sabbath. He acknowledges that new moon or Sabbath” in Colos- In all other cases, it uses the term in some of the calendar sequences sians 2:16. Most interpreters have sabbata. Hence sabbata is used for found in the Hebrew Bible the term argued that the sequence indicates ceremonial sabbaths. sabbath designates the seventh-day yearly feasts, monthly celebrations, The discussion moves to the Sabbath. But he observes that in and the seventh-day Sabbath. Ron New Testament (chapter 4) and the those cases we have a four-part du Preez carefully argues that the way the author uses the singular sequence, not a three-part sequence term sabbath does not designate sabbaton and the plural sabbata (used as in Colossians 2:16 and that in the seventh-day Sabbath in that in Col. 2:16). He concludes that none of them the sequence is yearly, passage, thus seriously undermining the terms sabbaton and sabbata are monthly, and weekly. Besides, in the prevailing view. used to designate the seventh-day those passages, what is being Divided into two main sections, Sabbath, a single seventh-day Sab- discussed is not the observance part one (chapters 1–9) deals with bath, a “week,” and seventh-day of specific religious days but the matters of language and context, and “Sabbaths.” Du Preez argues that sacrifi ces offered during those days. the second provides more technical this is not too different from the It is concluded that those passages evidence to support the conclusions use of sabbata in the Septuagint, should not be used to elucidate the

MINISTRY 26 NOVEMBER 2009 meaning of Colossians 2:16. Only pronoun used in Hosea—“her Sab- cultural echoes exist, we assume, in Hosea 2:11 do we fi nd the same baths” instead of “my Sabbath.” because we all came from the same sequence. He fi nally argues that in both Hosea roots—people moved, and their Du Preez rejects the argument and Colossians 2:16 we probably ideas moved with them. Yet, over that the ceremonial sabbaths were have an intensified inverted paral- time, those truths dimmed. included in the term feasts (chapter lelism: feasts—three annual feasts; Sednak Yankson, a Ghanaian 7). He studies the use of the Hebrew new moon—monthly ceremony; Seventh-day Adventist pastor and term chag (“feast”) and concludes, and Sabbaths—three ritual Sabbaths scholar, has traced astonishing con- with many other scholars, that it des- connected with the year. nections between the Old Testament ignates Passover, Pentecost, and the This important study on a debated and the indigenous religious prac- Feast of Tabernacles. The Septuagint passage deserves careful attention tices of West Africa. Yankson shows uses the term heortē (“feast”), found from anyone interested in the ques- how Hebrew names, words, con- in Colossians 2:16, to translate the tion of the Sabbath. Du Preez has cepts, and even entire ceremonies Hebrew chag. It always designates demonstrated beyond a reasonable survived in some African cultures, the same three feasts and is never doubt that in Colossians 2:11 Paul including, interestingly, the Sabbath. applied to the Day of Atonement or to was not dealing with the seventh-day The parallels are too clear to be the blowing of trumpets, which were Sabbath. Not all the arguments may accidental, such as a celebration by ceremonial sabbaths. This usage, appear to be persuasive, but the fact the Ga people that is surprisingly according to du Preez, continues remains that the assumption that similar to the Passover (right down in the New Testament where heortē the phrase “feasts, new moons or to painting the house doorposts red) designates the Passover festival, Sabbaths” in Colossians designated or the Akans’ golden “mercy seat,” the Feast of Unleavened Bread, and all the annual feasts, the monthly on which blood was sprinkled for the Feast of Tabernacles. Based on celebrations, and the seventh-day atonement. the biblical usage of that term, it Sabbath is in serious need of revision, That Africa was a dark continent is argued that in Colossians 2:16 or even better, dismissal. before the arrival of the missionaries heortē designates those three pil- —Reviewed by Ángel Manuel Rodríguez, ThD, is only a partial truth, insists Yankson; grim festivals. Based on his previous director of the Biblical Research Institute, Silver the truths of Scripture were wrapped linguistic studies, he argues that in Spring, Maryland, United States. in the ceremonies and the stories of that same passage the term sabbata the African people, awaiting only refers to the Day of Atonement, the missionaries to restore to them Day of Trumpets, and the sabbatical Africa’s Roots the complete salvation story. years. The previous conclusions are in God: The Those cultural anthro- supported by the fact that the term Knowledge of pologists who would quibble shadow is used to refer to the feasts, the Creator about the soundness of one or new moons, and sabbaths (chapter Embedded in another of Yankson’s tethers 8). In the Hebrew Bible, the Sabbath the Indigenous between indigenous Africa and was not a shadow of things to come African Culture, the Hebrews would be missing but was instituted at Creation. The by Sednak tthe point. These connections are reference is to the Mosaic ceremonial Kojo Duffu mmeaningful to us as believers services that foreshadowed the work Asare Yankson, bbecause they prove that God’s of the Messiah. Hempstead, NY: truth cannot be snuffed out, The second part of the book Sankofa Heritage Books, no matter how languages, ethnici- concentrates primarily on a detailed 2007. ties, miles, and centuries may have linguistic and contextual study of obscured it. It is because of these Hosea 2:11. He concludes that the have always been fascinated by roots that Africans responded so term feasts designates the three Iunexpected relationships between readily to the Bible’s stories—and pilgrim festivals, the new moons are cultures that were temporally and why the once Dark Continent contin- monthly celebrations, and since the geographically separated, such as ues on its way to having the largest term sabbath does not have any of the when we hear echoes of Bible sto- concentration of Christians in the linguistic markers that would identify ries in the fables of pagan peoples entire world. it with the seventh-day Sabbath, it long disconnected from Christian —Reviewed by Loren Seibold, DMin, senior pas- designates the ceremonial sabbaths. infl uence or biblical concepts pre- tor, Worthington Seventh-day Adventist Church, He particularly points to the personal served in Chinese characters. These Worthington, Ohio, United States.

MINISTRY 27 NOVEMBER 2009 DATELINE

International honors, similar to the merit badges team feels a great sense of accom- Pathfi nder of scouting programs. plishment, and quite rightly so!” Along with subjects such as sail- says Amir Ghali, WMC director Camporee ing, hiking, and making scrapbooks, and executive producer for the Maa there were more serious topics such Umm Salaam series. “We sensed a shkosh, Wisconsin, United as medical honors and international true blessing from God because we OStates—The 2009 International aid. About a dozen youth at a time enjoyed a wonderful spirit for the Pathfinder Camporee, held every also participated in a class utilizing duration of the shoot.” fi ve years, met this year at Wittman global positioning system (GPS) Kalthoum Qewar, the Jordanian Regional Airport, some 90 miles devices to engage in geocaching, a speaker for the series was excep- north of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, high-tech version of hide-and-seek tionally professional throughout, August 11–15, 2009. For one week, and a relatively new North American given some challenging working this was the home to 35,000 Seventh- Division Pathfi nder honor. conditions. day Adventist young people. Many of the teens took advan- Pausing between shows at the tage of hot air WMC studio, Qewar spoke pas- balloon rides, sionately about how she wanted to climbing walls, empower the women of the Middle sailing, and other East so they can be confident in activities. For the their spiritual walk and be positive week, camporee examples in their homes and in their organizers rented communities. “I want women to feel the local YMCA, valued in Jesus,” she said. giving the young The Al Waad (The Promise) Media people a chance Center was formed in January 2008, to ice-skate, play and is located on the campus of indoor football, Middle East University in Beirut. After and swim. The completing a US$70,000 renovation, Photo: Mervyn Lee activities were the studio has begun production, with designed to pro- the ultimate goal of providing culturally “I don’t think there’s a larger vide a memorable experience and relevant Arabic programming for a Seventh-day Adventist five-day to help the youth make new friends new channel on behalf of the 330 gathering than this one,” said Ron while strengthening their faith in million Arabic speakers around the Whitehead, executive director of Christ. [Mark Kellner/ANN Staff] world. The channel will be part of the the event. He also stated that the Hope TV network, the offi cial satellite bulk of the attendees have been television station of the Seventh-day preparing for this for years and were Adventist Church. attending at their own expense. Mothers of The leader of the Adventist Though using only a fraction of Peace TV series Church in the Middle East region, the land at Wittman, the camporee’s Kjell Aune, says that he is thrilled size is not inconsequential: partici- completed the long-time dream of a media pants would have to walk about one center has fi nally become a reality mile from the last tent to the farthest eirut, Lebanon—Maa Umm and the fi rst series of programs has point in the event. Whitehead said BSalaam (With the Mother of actually been recorded. “We have a it took 1,000 volunteers to run the Peace), a television series in Arabic very dedicated group of media work- “city,” not including the Pathfi nder about women’s issues, has just ers and volunteers and have great directors coming from all over the wrapped after recording 54 half-hour hope and faith in this new ministry. I United States and many parts of the shows, fi lmed July 14–30, 2009, at believe God will bless this endeavor world. Among many other things, the newly renovated Al Waad Media immensely and that, through Al the event required 4,000 chairs and Center (WMC) in Beirut, Lebanon. Waad TV, millions will be reached by 1,500 folding tables for participants “Having completed the inaugural the good news of salvation in Jesus.” to use in learning 1 of 121 different series in our brand-new studio, our [Alex Elmadjian/TED News]

MINISTRY 28 NOVEMBER 2009 PASTOR’S PASTOR | JAMES A. CRESS A tribute to E. E. Cleveland

uring the early 1950s in seg- One of my predecessors, Pastor serve as director of the department regated North Carolina, for Robert Spangler, stated, “Earl has of Church Missions, Dower noted, Da black minister and a white done more than anyone to dem- “Wherever he goes, Earl inspires minister to become friends was onstrate the need for cooperative men with a vision of greater evan- perhaps not unheard of, but certainly utilization of all individuals—espe- gelism and helps them to see clearly unusual. cially those from different racial how this can be accomplished. His As a child, I watched my father backgrounds.” As an example, wisdom and foresight, coupled with and his pastoral colleague, Edward Spangler shared that during their Christian courtesy and tact, have Earl Cleveland (1921–2009), fellow- travels together, E. E. was busy enabled him to divert many a crisis ship and interact together in such a taking photos of the best sights and that otherwise might have brought way that the color of either one’s skin places he could fi nd. Rather than great embarrassment and distress was no issue. In fact, I remember illustrating extraordinarily primitive or to the cause of God.” many evenings when our family backward conditions to shock those E. E. was a leader in various would trek the 15 or so miles from who would see his mission reports, areas—including social justice—as our home in High Point to Pastor E. E. strived to show the best side of he worked within the church to Cleveland’s evangelistic meetings any culture, regardless of how poor combat racism and discrimination in Greensboro just to hear my dad’s and different they may have been. and as he associated beyond the favorite preacher! church with the National Association Few Adventist leaders are so for the Advancement of Colored well known and loved that merely People and great civil rights leaders their initials identify their ministry such as Martin Luther King Jr. and mission. Along with H. M. S. But his primary priority was Richards Sr., E. E. Cleveland is one always mass evangelism. Through- whose worldwide infl uence is rec- out his career, he coupled public ognized the moment you say, “E. E.” proclamation with mentoring young Born in Huntsville, Alabama, to preachers who would become the William C. and Eunice Cleveland, future leading evangelists for the Dr. Cleveland began preaching at church. My associate, Peter Prime, the age of nine with no other ambi- was infl uenced by E. E.’s Trinidad tion for his life than to proclaim the evangelistic series of 1966, in gospel message wherever even which more than 1,000 individuals one person would listen. Thankfully, were baptized—the largest single those audiences were large and endeavor to that point in the church’s spread over the entire globe, from Photo: Adventist Review history. Prime shares his experience which his evangelistic preaching in that massive series: personally led over 15,000 individu- Another former General Confer- als to accept Jesus as their Savior ence ministerial secretary, N. R. Dower, From his imperial height and follow Him as Lord. stated, “And when he instructed of what looked like seven feet In 1954, at the age of 33, E. E. ministers, he knew from personal to me, E. E. Cleveland’s voice was elected as associate ministerial experience what he was teaching. At thundered with the accompa- secretary of the General Conference, one point in his ministry Earl pastored nying banging of his huge fi st where he served the global church as many as eight churches, preached a on the poor podium and in the for 23 years (more than half the weekly radio broadcast in three of the disquieted air caused by the length of an ordinary career). As cities, with as many as eight hundred sweeping gesticulations of his the fi rst African-American minister correspondence students studying at mighty arms. Sixty-three of us elected to a General Conference one time, all while conducting public ministers and Bible instructors department, E. E. brought keen evangelistic meetings that lasted from formed the support team for the insights to our team by demonstrat- twelve to twenty weeks, six nights revered teacher-evangelist. ing the power of racial inclusiveness per week.” I was just a ministerial strip- and the deadly dangers of exclusion In 1977, at the time of E. E.’s ling at the time. At least this is and discrimination. transition to Oakwood University to what Pastor E. E. must have

MINISTRY 29 NOVEMBER 2009 PASTOR’S PASTOR | JAMES A. CRESS

thought. However, I thought oth- ’72—Reach Out for Life,” which to the Center for Adventist Research erwise with the result that, on not pushed the concept of every at Andrews University. This priceless a few occasions, heated debates Adventist minister, pastor, and collection forms a lasting legacy erupted during the instructional administrator presenting an evan- beyond his death. Anticipating the classes. And when he felt that his gelistic program. During that great end of his life and desiring to make masterly sayings did not receive effort, as Seminary students from a further contribution to training the emotional response from us Andrews University, Sharon and I evangelists, E. E. pitched one last that they rightly deserved, he preached our fi rst public evangelistic evangelistic tent by establishing a would cry out with all his wit, meetings in Plymouth, Indiana. virtual “canvas cathedral” where “You Britishers!” In 1979, E. E. founded the annual his sermons can continue to win Personally, E. E. met in me a Oakwood Evangelism Council, which souls until Christ’s return (www doubting Thomas and converted continues to attract more than a .eeclevelandministries.org). R. me into one with resolute faith. thousand attendees each December, Steven Norman III, who worked Was it because of his unmistak- and he continued conducting public diligently to establish this visionary able eloquence as a preacher, evangelistic meetings until his fi nal Web site, says, “Pastor Cleveland his masterly skills in presenting series in 2006 in Las Vegas, Nevada. has not laid his sword down. He has the doctrines of the church, or If massive public evangelistic passed it on to us, his fellow soldiers, the compelling nature of his endeavors were his professional to help us fi ght to lift the banner of personal appeal? All of these priority, team ministry with his wife, Prince Emmanuel.” must have played a part, but Celia, was his passion. From the very In tribute to this remarkable life, most signifi cant, I witnessed a start of their marriage in 1943, Earl Adventist world leader, Jan Paulsen, living, modern-day example of and Celia (Abney) Cleveland worked says, a preacher, a man like Enoch, together as a team. Throughout E. E. Cleveland taught his walking with his God. And this their career, you would find Celia students that to be an effective was all I needed. How humble playing piano, directing choirs, and Seventh-day Adventist preacher I feel to sit in the very seat in coordinating Bible instructors for you must fi rst possess a “holy which he sat in the Ministe- their evangelistic programs. Celia boldness.” As I look back at the rial Association of the General was Earl’s true love and ministering life of this extraordinary man of Conference of Seventh-day partner, and he publicly affi rmed her God, I see this very quality—a Adventists when he conducted ministry everywhere he preached. holy passion that acknowledged this evangelistic series. In addition to his preaching and no boundaries—as the thread teaching, Cleveland was a prolifi c that connected every part of In 1972, E. E. was asked to author of numerous articles, 16 his life and ministry. He was a spearhead the church’s fi rst mas- books, and featured as the subject gifted preacher and teacher. sive evangelistic thrust, “Mission of a biography, E. E. Cleveland: His courage and moral leader- Evangelist Extraordinary, by Harold ship profoundly infl uenced the L. Lee and Monte Sahlin. Seventh-day Adventist Church In 1989, he was cited as Ala- in North America and around the bama’s most distinguished black world. But his most important clergy by Governor Guy Hunt, and in legacy can’t yet be measured. It’s 1993, he was inducted into the Martin a legacy that still unfolds in the Luther King Jr. Board of Preachers, lives of many thousands of men Scholars and Collegium Scholars and women who came to see at Morehouse College in Atlanta, their Savior through his faithful Georgia. In 2007, Oakwood University witness. It’s a legacy whose honored its own alumnus and faculty breadth will only be revealed Search issues by naming Edward Earl Cleveland as when our Lord returns. The loss published 80 years one of the three honorees of its new of this steadfast servant of God training center for evangelists and will be felt deeply by his family, ago for topics and ministers: the Bradford-Cleveland- the Oakwood University com- perspectives that are Brooks Leadership Center. munity, and the church in North still relevant today In November 2007, he donated America. And it’s a loss shared by his vast collection of personal the international Adventist com- ministrymagazine.org manuscripts, including over 2,000 munity as well, for he belonged sermons along with other papers, to the whole church.

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MINISTRY 30 NOVEMBER 2009 PLANNING FOR THE

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he first question our leaving two small children. T financial advisor asked With no will or guardianship us about retirement was: Do directions, the children’s future you have a will and other estate was left to the courts. The custody planning documents? We didn’t. Within weeks, two dispute, together with probate costs, significantly tragedies in our church showed us how important reduced the children’s inheritance. When we thought estate planning can be. A beloved deacon suffered about our own family, we knew we couldn’t live a serious stroke. Machines kept him alive, but he with uncertainty. We had to fulfill our obligations could no longer communicate. Loving relatives found as parents, as pastors of the flock and as responsible themselves in a painful conflict that could stewards of God’s goods. Now that we have have been avoided, if only our church wills, we are so relieved. We know that if member had signed an advance medical anything happens to us, our sons will be directive. Then, a young couple related to raised in an Adventist home. a church member died in a car accident, Trust Services Call us toll free: 1-877-WILLPLAN

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Lawrence Geraty is the Marguerite Shuster is the Roy Adams is the Associate Miroslav Volf is the Henry B. President Emeritus of La Sierra Harold John Ockenga Professor of Editor of the Adventist Review and Wright Professor of Theology at Yale University. He grew up as a Preaching and Theology at Fuller Adventist World, serving in this Divinity School, and Founder and citizen of the world in a Christian Theological Seminary. She joined the position since 1988. He was born Director of the Yale Center for Faith and missionary family who ministered School of Theology faculty in 1992 in the Caribbean, and received his Culture. A native of Croatia, Dr. Volf in China, Burma, Hong Kong, after serving as an adjunct assistant education at schools in Grenada, has forged a theology of forgiveness and Lebanon. Educated in seven professor. Her courses include Trinidad, Canada, and the United and non-violence in the face of the different countries and various Homiletics, Systematic Theology, States. The bulk of his pastoral work horrendous violence experienced in states across the USA set him on Making Doctrine Live, and various was in the Ontario and Quebec Croatia and Serbia in the 1990s. Dr. a lifelong course committed to the preaching practica. Marguerite provinces of Canada. After obtaining Volf is a highly awarded author. Free values of diversity. Lawrence Geraty Shuster’s published books include The a PhD in Theology from Andrews of Charge: Giving and Forgiving in a earned a PhD with distinction from Fall and Sin: What We Have Become University, he lectured at what is Culture Stripped of Grace was selected Harvard University in Hebrew Bible as Sinners (2004), Perspectives on now the Adventist International as the Archbishop of Canterbury’s and biblical archaeology, taking Christology: Essays in Honor of Paul K. Institute of Advanced Studies Lenten Book for 2006. Exclusion and examinations in 10 languages. In Jewett (1991), and Power, Pathology, (AIIAS) in the Philippines. From that Embrace: A Theological Exploration of his notable scholarly career, Dr. Paradox: the Dynamics of Evil and base, Roy Adams’ teaching and Identity, Otherness and Reconciliation Geraty has received numerous Good (1987). She also edited and speaking appointments took him to received the 2002 Grawemeyer Award. honors, including a Fulbright completed Jewett’s Who We Are: many other Asian countries, and he He has also been featured on National Fellowship and serving as advisor Our Dignity as Human (1996) and has continues to be a highly sought after Public Radio’s “Speaking of Faith” and on archaeology to former Crown published many articles, sermons, international speaker at major clergy Public Television’s “Religion and Ethics Prince Hassan of Jordan. chapters, and reviews. professional development meetings. Newsweekly.”

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