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ISSN: 2282-5681 Nazioni Regionie Studi e ricerche sulla comunità immaginata (4)2014 CARATTERI ( )e MOBILI Direzione Dario Ansel, Fabio De Leonardis, Andrea Geniola Caporedattrice Francesca Zantedeschi Redazione Adriano Cirulli, Arcangelo Licinio, Marco Pérez, Paolo Perri, Gianluca Scroccu, Marco Stolfo Contatti [email protected] / www.nazionieregioni.it Comitato scientifico Joseba Agirreazkuenaga (Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Ferran Archilés (Universitat de València), Alfonso Botti (Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia), Jordi Canal (École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales - Paris), Guido Franzinetti (Università del Piemonte Orientale), Maarten Van Ginderachter (Universiteit Antwerpen), José Luis de la Granja Sainz (Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea), Miroslav Hroch (Univerzita Karlova v Praze), Michel Huysseune (Vesalius College - Vrije Universiteit Brussel), James Kennedy (University of Edinburgh), Juan Carlos Moreno Cabrera (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid), Xosé Manoel Núñez Seixas (Universidade de Santiago de Compostela/Ludwig- Maximilians-Universität München), Rolf Petri (Università “Ca’ Foscari” Venezia), Daniele Petrosino (Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”), Ilaria Porciani (Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna), Anne-Marie Thiesse (École Normale Supérieure - Paris), Stuart Woolf (Università “Ca’ Foscari” Venezia), Pere Ysàs (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona) Comitato editoriale Alex Amaya Quer (CEFID - Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Leyre Arrieta (Deustuko Unibertsitatea), Gevorg Avetikyan (ǞǭǺǷǿ-ǜDzǿDzǽǮȀǽǰǾǷǵǶ ǰǻǾȀDZǭǽǾǿǯDzǺǺȈǶ ȀǺǵǯDzǽǾǵǿDzǿ - Università Statale di San Pietroburgo), Xacobe Bastida (Universidad de Oviedo), Giovanni Cattini (Universitat de Barcelona), Uxío-Breogán Diéguez Cequiel (Universidade da Coruña), Marta García Carrión (Universitat de València), Arnau Gonzàlez Vilalta (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona), Tudi Kernalegenn (Université de Rennes 1), Emilio Majuelo (Nafarroako Unibertsitate Publikoa), Isidoro Davide Mortellaro (Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”), Carlo Pala (Università degli Studi di Sassari), Francesco Sedda (Università di Roma “Tor Vergata”) La rivista Nazioni e Regioni è patrocinata dal Dipartimento di Filosofia, Letteratura, Storia e Scienze Sociali e dal Dipartimento di Scienze Politiche dell’Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”. Caratteri Mobili sas Redazione: via Cardassi 85/87, Bari Sede legale: via Maggio 1648 n.32/a, Altamura (BA) [email protected] / www.caratterimobili.it ISSN: 2282-5681 Nazioni e Regioni 4/2014 INDICE Studi 3ɇ Sergej Abašin, Nazioni e postcolonialismo in Asia Centrale vent’anni dopo: ripensare le categorie di analisi e le categorie della prassi 17ɇ Leyre Arrieta Alberdi, Radio Euzkadi, l’emittente clandestina basca 37ɇ Moira Hulme – Rob Hulme – Keith Faulks, La politica del locale. Valori nazio- nali e politica sociale in Scozia 55ɇ 'DULXV6WDOLşQDV, La trasformazione di una città multietnica nella capitale di una na- zione: i lituani e Vilnius nella Russia tardoimperiale 71ɇ Margherita Sulas, La rivolta della bandiera: gli incidenti per Trieste italiana del no- vembre 1953 Rassegne 89ɇ Andrea Geniola, Lo studio e l’interpretazione del regionalismo franchista. Un settore di ricerca in progress (2013-2014) 99ɇ Recensioni 129ɇ Abstracts 133ɇ Note biografiche sugli autori e le autrici ISSN: 2282-5681 Nazioni e Regioni 4/2014 ISSN: 2282-5681 _____________________________________________________________________________ Sergej Abašin NAZIONI E POSTCOLONIALISMO IN ASIA CENTRALE VENT’ANNI DOPO: RIPENSARE LE CATEGORIE DI ANALISI E LE CATEGORIE DELLA PRASSI* Il caso ha voluto che il 21 agosto 1991, mentre a Mosca veniva messo in atto il colpo di sta- to, mi trovassi su un volo diretto in Uzbekistan, dove avrei dovuto continuare le mie ricer- che sul campo in uno dei villaggi della Valle di Ferghana. Sarei tornato solo l’11 settembre. Di tutto quello che avvenne in quei giorni – la morte di tre difensori della Casa Bianca1, il ULWRUQRGL*RUEDÿsYGD)RURVODEDQGLHUDWULFRORUHUXVVDFKHYLHQHLVVDWDVXO3DOD]]RGHL 6RYLHWORVPDQWHOODPHQWRGHOPRQXPHQWRD']HUæLQVNLMORVFLRJOLPHQWRGLIDWWRGHO3&86 il suicidio di alcuni alti funzionari e così via – venni a conoscenza solo tramite i frammenti di trasmissioni televisive che riuscii a vedere mentre ero ospite dei miei informatori uzBeki, impegnato a raccogliere informazioni sulla vita del kolchoz locale. Ricordo i volti perplessi delle persone con cui parlavo, le quali non riuscivano assolutamente a capire cosa stesse ac- cadendo a Mosca e non percepivano quei fatti come segni di una catastrofe o di una rivolu- zione, laddove per me in quanto moscovita erano invece densi di significato e difficili da credere. La loro vita andava avanti seguendo il proprio corso, gli abitanti del kišlak2 erano preoccupati piuttosto dall’avvicinarsi del periodo della raccolta del cotone, nonché dalla mancanza di merci e dalla difficoltà di trovare i soldi per la stagione dei matrimoni, i quali vengono celebrati nel periodo che va dalla fine dei lavori agricoli estivi all’inizio di quelli au- tunnali. Il 31 agosto in Uzbekistan fu approvata la dichiarazione di indipendenza3, avveni- mento che, sebbene oggi venga celebrato annualmente con grande pompa, allora non fu neppure notato dalla maggior parte della società uzbeka, immersa nelle difficoltà e nelle gioie della vita quotidiana. * 9HUVLRQHLWDOLDQDGHOO·DUWLFROR©1DFLLLSRVWNRORQLDOL]PY&HQWUDO·QRM$]LLGYDGFDW·OHWVSXVWMDSHUHRVP\VOLYDMD kategorii analiza/praktiki», Ab Imperio, n. 3, 2011, pp. 193-210. Si ringrazia la rivista Ab Imperio per la gentile concessione. Traduzione dal russo di FaBio De Leonardis. 1 1RPHSRSRODUPHQWHDWWULEXLWRDO3DOD]]RGHL6RYLHWGHOOD5HSXEEOLFD6RFLDOLVWD)HGHUDWLYD6RYLHWLFD5XVVD oggi sede del governo della Federazione Russa [N.d.T.]. 2 Villaggio uzBeko [N.d.T.]. 3 Nello stesso giorno proclamò l’indipendenza la Kirghisia; il 9 settembre seguì il Tagikistan, il 27 ottoBre fu la volta del Turkmenistan e il 16 dicemBre del Kazakistan. Nazioni e Regioni. Studi e ricerche sulla comunità immaginata. 4/2014: 3-16 6HUJHM$EDäLQ _____________________________________________________________________________ Come vediamo la disintegrazione dell’URSS? La fortuita coincidenza tra il mio viaggio di ricerca e il colpo di stato ha lasciato per sempre nella mia memoria una grande lacuna nell’esperienza della «rivoluzione democratica». Non ho sperimentato quelle impressioni e sensazioni che hanno invece provato molti miei colle- ghi e amici a Mosca. Ma allo stesso tempo questa combinazione mi ha dato la possibilità di guardare all’agosto del 1991 non dal punto di vista per me abituale, ma dalla prospettiva di quei cittadini e cittadine sovietici che vivevano nella provincia più estrema dell’URSS, i qua- li vedevano quanto stava accadendo in maniera diversa. Mi sono convinto che la disintegra- zione dell’URSS, come siamo soliti chiamarla, abbia avuto una storia, una valutazione e un’interpretazione diverse a seconda di chi guarda a questi avvenimenti. Va da sé che in- tendo qui la posizione politica e sociale che in quel momento occupava l’osservatore, si trattasse di un lavoratore del kolchoz, di un funzionario o di un insegnante di un istituto uni- YHUVLWDULR$TXHVWDSRVL]LRQHVLSRVVRQRDJJLXQJHUHDQFRUDODFROORFD]Lone culturale e, in una certa misura, l’ubicazione geografica (centro-periferia, e così via). Le interpretazioni so- no dipese da concezioni, aspettative, interessi e strategie formatesi attraverso la combina- zione di tutte queste posizioni, il che significa che se vogliamo capire quale sia stato il corso dei camBiamenti successivi alla disintegrazione dell’URSS, dobbiamo tener conto delle po- sizioni più diverse esistenti nell’URSS di allora e di quelle esistenti ancora oggi. Questo testo è un tentativo di rievocare la disintegrazione dell’URSS attraverso il pri- sma analitico GHOOHWUDVIRUPD]LRQLFKHDGHVVDVRQRVHJXLWH LQ$VLD&HQWUDOH&HUWDPHQWH O·©$VLD&HQWUDOHªqXQDSRVL]LRQHUHODWLYDODVLSXzULGXUUHVPHPEUDUHLQSDUWLSLSLFFROH (ad esempio, la «Valle di Fergana», il «3DPLU», l’«$UDO», ecc.), oppure, al contrario, espander- la e cambiarne le coordinate, ottenendo come risultato una diversa configurazione analitica SHUHVHPSLR©OHUHJLRQLLVODPLFKHGHOO·8566ª 1RQGLPHQRKRVFHOWRO·©$VLD&HQWUDOHª in quanto luogo noto alla maggior parte dei lettori provenienti dalla Russia e dotato ai loro occhi di un insieme di tratti, anche se solo immaginari (cfr. $EDäLQS., 2008)$OOHSersone con un vissuto nell’URSS essa è nota con ODIRUPXOD©$VLD&HQWUDOHH Kazakistan» [Srednjaja Azija i Kazachstan]4, territorio amministrativamente definito dalle cinque repubbliche sovie- tiche «asiatiche», a suo modo costituente un «alterità» interna, al tempo stesso «esotica» e «arretrata». 3RLFKp O·©$VLD&HQWUDOHª>Srednjaja Azija] era l’«altro», non di rado non rientrava, e tuttora non rientra, nelle discussioni sull’Impero Russo, l’URSS e il periodo postsovietico che facciamo noi (nel senso di «noi che veniamo dalla Russia» [rossijskich]). «Da lì» arrivano sino a noi solo sparute voci, e in generale la regione resta un «luogo» (post)sovietico remoto sul quale raramente ci soffermiamo, e comunque mai a lungo5. Tale omissione è ancora un’altra particolarità che ci permette di parlare di un’immaginaria unità di questa regione, 4 /·$XWRUH utilizza l’espressione Central’naja Azija >´$VLD&HQWUDOHµ@PHQWUHODIRUPXODVRYLHWLFDFXLqui si fa riferimento era Srednjaja Azija >´$VLDGL0H]]Rµ@ODTXDOHqVROLWDPHQWHUHVDanch’essa LQLWDOLDQRFRQ´$VLD &HQWUDOHµ>N.d.T.]. 5 Va ricordato che nel 1989 il territorio e la
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    Population Displacement in Lithuania in the Twentieth Century Experiences, Identities and Legacies Edited by Tomas Balkelis Violeta Davoliūtė LEIDEN | BOSTON For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV <UN> Contents Preface vii Acknowledgements X List of Tables xi Notes on Contributors xii Introduction 1 Part 1 Population Displacement during World War One and Its Aftermath 1 Making the Nation: Refugees, Indigent People, and Lithuanian Relief, 1914–1920 21 Andrea Griffante 2 Forging a “Moral Community”: The Great War and Lithuanian Refugees in Russia 42 Tomas Balkelis 3 Displacement without Moving: Secession, Border Changes and Practices of Population Politics in Lithuania, 1916–1923 62 Klaus Richter Part 2 Population Displacement in the Klaipėda Region 4 Population of the Klaipėda Region and the Balance of Power in the Eastern Baltic Region, 1919–1960 91 Vasilijus Safronovas 5 Population Shifts and Displacement in the Memel Region 112 Ruth Leiserowitz For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV <UN> vi Contents Part 3 Population Displacement during World War Two and Its Aftermath 6 Repopulating Vilnius, 1939–1949 135 Theodore R. Weeks 7 Between Poland and Lithuania: Repatriation of Poles from Lithuania, 1944–1947 160 Vitalija Stravinskienė 8 A “Forgotten” History of Soviet Deportation: The Case of Lithuanian Jews 179 Violeta Davoliūtė 9 Religious Life in a Displaced Society: The Case of Post-war Lithuania, 1945–1960 211 Arūnas Streikus 10 Lithuanian Diaspora: From Displaced Persons to Diaspora Politics 236 Daiva Dapkutė Index 259 For use by the Author only | © 2016 Koninklijke Brill NV chapter 2 Forging a “Moral Community”: The Great War and Lithuanian Refugees in Russia Tomas Balkelis Introduction By the end of the Great War, Russia’s disastrous military performance, eco- nomic collapse and growing unrest on the “home front” brought the transfor- mation of the empire into a number of shatterzones where various nationalist and revolutionary forces asserted themselves with unseen vigour.
  • Adobe Photoshop

    Adobe Photoshop

    Fondazione “Venezia per la ricerca sulla pace” Quaderno – 5 Fondazione “Venezia per la ricerca sulla pace” CONSIGLIO SCIENTIFICO Membri emeriti RICHARD N. LEBOW, King’s College Londra RAIMON PANIKKAR, maestro di dialogo per la pace (†) Membri UMBERTO ALLEGRETTI, Università di Firenze LORENZA CARLASSARE, Università di Padova GIAN ANTONIO DANIELI, Istituto Veneto di SS.LL.AA. IGNAZIO MUSU, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia MASSIMO RAVERI, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia DIREZIONE EDITORIALE MARIA LAURA PICCHIO FORLATI, s.c. Istituto Veneto di SS.LL.AA. MASSIMO RAVERI, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia REDAZIONE SIMONA PINTON, Università Ca’ Foscari di Venezia L’Europa a cent’anni dalla prima guerra mondiale storia, politica, diritto a cura di Rolf Petri e Maria Laura Picchio Forlati G. Giappichelli Editore © Copyright 2020 - G. GIAPPICHELLI EDITORE - TORINO VIA PO, 21 - TEL. 011-81.53.111 - FAX 011-81.25.100 http://www.giappichelli.it ISBN/EAN 978-88-921-3429-4 ISBN/EAN 978-88-921-8842-6 (ebook - pdf) La pubblicazione è stata oggetto di doppia blind peer review, secondo il procedi- mento concordato per la Collana con l’Editore, che conserva la relativa documen- tazione. Stampa: LegoDigit s.r.l. - Lavis (TN) Le fotocopie per uso personale del lettore possono essere effettuate nei limiti del 15% di ciascun volume/ fascicolo di periodico dietro pagamento alla SIAE del compenso previsto dall’art. 68, commi 4 e 5, della legge 22 aprile 1941, n. 633. Le fotocopie effettuate per finalità di carattere professionale, economico o commerciale o comunque per uso diverso da quello personale possono essere effettuate a seguito di specifica autorizzazione rilasciata da CLEARedi, Centro Licenze e Autorizzazioni per le Riproduzioni Editoriali, Corso di Porta Romana 108, 20122 Milano, e-mail [email protected] e sito web www.clearedi.org.
  • Seimas Pritarė Lietuvos Dalyvavimui JT Daliniuose

    Seimas Pritarė Lietuvos Dalyvavimui JT Daliniuose

    £11J P 4 GRfiTIS 2-tL THE. L1B RAKY OF ŪUNGRtSS KtrtkLNCL DLJ'ftRiKLNi SERIALS DIVlSluN KASHINGKiN L>C 20025 IŠEIVIJOS LIETUVIŲ DIENRAŠTIS 4545 WEST 63rd STREET • CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60629 TELEFONAS (312) 585-9500 2ND CLASS MAIL TELEFAKSAS (312) 585-8284 July 14, 1994 THE LITHUANIAN VVORLD-VVIDE DAILY Vol. LXXXV Kaina 35 c. KETVIRTADIENIS - THURSDAtf, LIEPA - JULY 14, 1994 Nr. 135 Seimas pritarė Rusų kariai gavo butus Lietuvos dalyvavimui Karaliaučiuje Vilnius, liepos 8 d. (AGEP) - konkrečiais darbais". Rusija pri­ JT daliniuose Įvažiavus į Karaliaučiaus kraš­ versta kol kas laikyti savo ka­ tą liepos 5 d. rytą, gausūs milici­ riuomenę Karaliaučiuje, jis sakė. Baltijos laivynas — tai Vilnius, liepos 1 d. (LR) — skubinama, retoriškai klausė: jos postai liudijo, kad vyksta karinė flotilė, su kuria susijusi „Lietuvos kariuomenės padali­ „Gal mūsų kariai žūti nenori?" neeiliniai įvykiai. Karaliau­ Rusijos istorija. Laivynas, niai gali dalyvauti tarptau­ Kolegą palaikė LDDP frakci­ čius laukė aukštų svečių iš įkurtas caro Petro I, negali būti tinėse operacijose tik vykdy­ jos atstovas Mindaugas Stakvi­ Maskvos ir Vilniaus. I krašto diskriminuojamas. Tarnaujan­ dami Lietuvos Respublikos levičius, kuris domėjosi, „ko­ sostinę atvyko Rusijos Federaci­ čių kariškių kiekis šiuo metu tarptautinius įsipareigojimus", kiuose karstuose grįš Lietuvos jos susirinkimo (Rusijos parla­ minimalus, pažymėjo Šumeika. teigiama pirmajame įstatymo žmonės, ir ar jiems jau padaryti mento aukštesniųjų rūmų) pir­ „Dėl Lietuvos kariuomenės da­ užsakymai". mininkas V. Šumeika ir Lietu­ Kalbą pasakė ir Lietuvos Sei­ lyvavimo tarptautinėse operaci­ vos Seimo pirmininkas Česlovas mo pirmininkas Česlovas Jur­ jose" projekto straipsnyje. Taikos palaikymo misijos Juršėnas. Svečiai buvo pakvies­ šėnas Pasidžiaugęs Šeimos atliktu darbu, visiems palinkėjo Kaip rašo „Lietuvos rytas", šį palyginti nepavojingos ti į iškilmes Šeimos įmonės pa­ laimės.