Efficient in Vitro Plant Regeneration from Internode Explants of Ibervillea

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Efficient in Vitro Plant Regeneration from Internode Explants of Ibervillea HORTSCIENCE 52(7):1000–1005. 2017. doi: 10.21273/HORTSCI11942-17 survival; therefore, an action is required to protect this species (Gomez-Aiza, 2011). Cell and tissue culturing are valid alter- Efficient In Vitro Plant Regeneration natives for in vitro production of secondary metabolites with biological activity because from Internode Explants of Ibervillea they are independent of seasonal factors. A standardized protocol for in vitro micropro- sonorae: An Antidiabetic Medicinal pagation represents a suitable option for the conservation of endangered species or prop- agation of variants with a desired phenotype Plant (Elias et al., 2015). Many of these protocols Ilse-Yazmín Arciniega-Carreon, Carmen Oliver-Salvador1 have been developed for regeneration of and María-Guadalupe Ramírez-Sotelo cucurbitaceous species, like cucumber í (Cucumis sativus) (Kim et al., 2010; Kumar Laboratorio de Biotecnolog a Molecular, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria et al., 2003a), winter squash (Cucurbita de Biotecnología del Instituto Politecnico Nacional (UPIBI-IPN), Av. maxima Duch.) (Lee et al., 2003), ash gourd Acueducto s/n C.P. 07340, Colonia La Laguna Ticoman, Ciudad de Mexico, (Benincasa hispida) (Thomas and Sreejesh, Mexico 2004), summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.) (Kathiravan et al., 2006), spiny gourd Carlos Edmundo Salas (Momordica dioica Roxb.) (Devendra et al., Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciencias^ Biologicas, 2009), athalaikai and kakrol (Momordica Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, 31270-901, tuberosa) (Aileni et al., 2009), melon gubat (Melothria maderaspatana Linn.) (Baskaran MG, Brasil et al., 2009), fig-leaf gourd (Cucurbita ficifo- Additional index words. micropropagation, cucurbitaceae, callus culture, internode explant, lia Bouche) (Kim et al., 2010), balsam apple hypoglycemic (Momordica balsamina) (Thakur et al., 2011), telakuch (Coccinea cordifolia) (Roy Abstract. Ibervillea sonorae is a medicinal plant mainly used to treat diabetes, ulcers, and et al., 2012), ridge gourd (Luffa acutangula other metabolic disorders. A regeneration protocol using internode segments containing L. Roxb.) (Zohura et al., 2013), and bitter axillary buds grown on Gamborg medium (B5) supplemented with 0.5 mg·LL1 melon (Momordica charantia L.) (Sammaiah a-naphthalene-acetic acid (NAA), 0.5 mg·LL1 N6-benzyladenine (BA), and 1.0 mg·LL1 et al., 2014). Moreover, micropropagation in indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) successfully regenerated shoots in I. sonorae explants. The vitro has been reported using shoot and nodal induction of organogenic calli attained 100% efficiency. The highest percent shoot explants of cucurbitaceous Cucumis sativus, production was 87.5% with a mean of 9.17 shoots per explant on day 15, and the Trichosanthes dioica (Ahmad and Anis, maximum length of 5.8 cm was observed on day 21. Regenerated shoots induced roots 2005; Kumar et al., 2003b). Despite this in B5 medium supplemented with 0.5–3.0 mg·LL1 indole-3-butyric acid (IBA). The profuse account on Cucurbitaceae, no records maximum rooting frequency observed in the medium containing 2.0 mg·LL1 IBA was are available for regeneration of I. sonorae 83.3% which promoted long, thick roots on day 21. The plantlets with emerging roots except for one report on calli induction using grown at the culture facility attained 50% survival after acclimatization for 30 d. The leaf explants (Estrada-Zuniga~ et al., 2012). account describes a simple and efficient protocol for in vitro plant regeneration, and this Therefore, the aim of this work is to establish micropropagation procedure offers an alternative for preservation of this medicinal a protocol for in vitro regeneration of I. plant. sonorae to serve as a plant repository, and to define the growth conditions for subse- quent establishment of cell-suspension cul- From ancient times, florae are source of metabolic disorders (Johnson et al., 1996; tures aiming the production of secondary compounds for the treatment of diseases. It is Xolalpa, 2002). It belongs to the Cucurbita- metabolites as well. estimated that around 75% of the world’s ceae family, and it is native to arid areas from population currently depends on plants as northern Mexico (Lira and Caballero, 2002; Materials and Methods source of traditional medicine (Arias et al., Xolalpa and Aguilar, 2006). It produces 2009; Rao and Ravishankar, 2002). Medici- secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, Plant material. I. sonorae (S. Watson) nal plants contain therapeutic molecules, tannins, saponins (Alarcon-Aguilar et al., Greene plants (750 g) were obtained at the whose active principles also serve as pre- 2005), flavonoids, phenols, (Zapata-Bustos local Sonora market, Mexico City, Mexico. cursors for drug synthesis (Loraine and et al., 2014) and cucurbitacins (Achenbach The plant internode containing axillary Mendoza-Espinoza, 2010). et al., 1993; Jardon-Delgado et al., 2014). buds (NXB) was selected as the source of Ibervillea sonorae (S. Watson) Greene is Pharmacological studies show that plant root explants. a medicinal wild perennial plant usually extracts display hypoglycemic and anti- Explant decontamination was done accord- known as ‘‘wereke’’ or ‘‘guareque,’’ tradi- inflammatory (Alarcon-Aguilar et al., 2005; ing to the procedure modified by Estrada- tionally used to treat diabetes, ulcers, and Jardon-Delgado et al., 2014; Rivera-Ramírez Zuniga~ et al. (2012). The explants were washed et al., 2011; Zapata-Bustos et al., 2014), with 1% (v/v) Extran detergent solution antioxidant (Estrada-Zuniga~ et al., 2012), (Merck) for 10 min and rinsed with distilled antimicrobial (Robles-Zepeda et al., 2011), water, followed by immersion in 70% (v/v) Received for publication 20 Mar. 2017. Accepted and antifungal activities (Ruiz-Bustos et al., ethanol for 30 s, then transferred to a 1.2% (v/v) for publication 1 June 2017. 2009). A recent study conducted on human sodium hypochlorite solution diluted from The authors would like to acknowledge the finan- preadipocyte cells showed that aqueous root a 5% commercial stock (CloralexÒ)for cial support by Instituto Politecnico Nacional, extracts from I. sonorae stimulate glucose 10 min and finally rinsed four times with Mexico SIP 20140775, SIP 20141244, 20151038. uptake by a PI3K independent pathway sterile-distilled water. The explants were C. Oliver-Salvador is the recipient of a fellowship from Comision de Operacion y Fomento de Acti- (Zapata-Bustos et al., 2014). This evidence excised into 0.4–0.8 cm length fragments that vidades Academicas-IPN. I. Y. Arciniega-Carreon supports the antidiabetic properties attributed were separately cultured in flasks contain- is the recipient of a scholarship from Consejo to I. sonorae roots in traditional medicine. ing Murashige and Skoog (MS) (Murashige Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, Mexico. The widespread demand of I. sonorae roots and Skoog, 1962) or Gamborg medium 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected]. for therapeutic purposes threatens their (B5) (Gamborg et al., 1968)supplemented 1000 HORTSCIENCE VOL. 52(7) JULY 2017 with various concentrations and combinations of B5 and MS media efficacies to induce calli from green calli (Fig. 1C) and white calli plant growth regulators (BA, IAA, and NAA). from root explants supplemented with IAA, (Fig. 1D). Organogenic callus induction and NAA, and BA. The B5 medium was 3.8- Furthermore, under this condition, orga- adventitious shoot regeneration. The ex- fold more efficient than the MS medium to nogenic calli sprouted on day 5 at the ends of plants were grown on basal media comprising induce calli under similar conditions. In addi- internodes in contact with the medium. White MS (4.3 g·L–1 or B5 3.1 g·L–1) supplemented tion, calli grown on B5 increased their mass friable calli were 2.7 times more abundant with 25 g·L–1 sucrose, 150 mg·L–1 ascorbic 4.5-fold, whereas MS-grown calli exhibited than green calli and their masses increased acid, 6 g·L–1 agar-agar, and growth regula- a 2-fold mass increase after 15 d in culture 4-fold by day 15 (Table 2) regardless the tors. The cultures were then incubated in (data not shown). color of calli (green calli, Fig. 1A; white calli, a growth chamber maintained at 25 ± 2 °C Following optimization of calli induction Fig. 1B). After one week, it was observed that under 16 h photoperiod (50 mmol·m–2·s–1, from root explants, a screening for the best regenerated shoots emerged more frequently daylight fluorescent tubes). To determine conditions to optimize shoot induction was (3.5x) in friable white calli than in green calli the best concentrations of growth regulators implemented using NXB explants. In these (Table 3). for shoot induction, we applied a two level experiments, B5 or MS medium required On emerging white-calli, the first shoots full factorial design (2k =23) using the growth supplementation with growth regulators appeared between 5–8 d (Fig. 1B). After regulators BA, IAA, and NAA as the three (IAA, NAA, and BA) to stimulate shoot culturing for 15 d, internodes with axillary factors (Gardiner and Gettinby, 1998). In this formation. The absence of any of them buds emerged, and the frequency of shoot study, the most efficient auxin/cytokinin ratio obliterated this effect (Table 1). Overall, B5 induction was 87.5 ± 14.4% (Fig. 1D; Ta- in MR medium for the production of organo- medium was more efficacious than MS as ble 3). On the other hand, green calli showed genic callus and regenerated shoots derived shoot inducer in I. sonorae NXB explants. At lower frequency of induced shoots (25 ± 4.0%) from NXB explant was investigated. Besides, low concentration (0.5 mg·L–1) of each and their shoots emerged around day 13 the frequency of shoot induction and the growth regulator, only B5 medium induced (Fig. 1C; Table 3). At the end of the elongation number of regenerated shoots per explant shoots (23.3 ± 7.5%). The highest shoot period (15–20 d), the regenerated shoots were recorded after 15 d of culture. induction (96.7 ± 4.7%) was observed in B5 attained 4–6 cm length.
Recommended publications
  • In Vitro Shoot Regeneration of Momordica Balsamina, an Important Medicinal and Nutritional Plant
    African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10(70), pp. 15808-15812, 9 November, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJB10.2075 ISSN 1684–5315 © 2011 Academic Journals Full Length Research Paper High frequency in vitro shoot regeneration of Momordica balsamina, an important medicinal and nutritional plant Gulab Singh Thakur1,4*, Rohit Sharma1, Bhagwan S. Sanodiya1,4, Mukeshwar Pandey3, Rakesh Baghel2, Astha Gupta1, GBKS Prasad4 and P. S. Bisen1,2,4 1Plant Biotechnology Laboratory, R&D Division, Tropilite Foods Pvt. Ltd., Davar Campus, Tansen Road, Gwalior-474002 (M.P.), India. 2Defense Research and Development Establishment (DRDE), Ministry of Defence, Govt. of India, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India. 3Xcelris Genomics Ltd., Old Premchand Nagar Road, Satyagrah Chhavani, Satellite, Ahmedabad 380054, India. 4School of Studies in Biotechnology, Jiwaji University, Gwalior (M.P.), India. Accepted 18 March, 2011 A protocol was developed for in vitro propagation by multiple shoot induction of Momordica balsamina (Cucurbitaceae), a climber with high medicinal and nutritional values. High frequencies of multiple shoot regeneration were achieved from auxillary bud of nodal explants. The bud explants were cultured on MS media supplemented with 1.0 mg/L benzyl amino purine (BAP) which stimulated proliferation of the bud meristems to form bud clusters having 6 to 8 co-efficient. The elongated shoots were sub- cultured for rooting on ½ MS media supplemented with 0.3 mg/L NAA and 0.2% activated charcoal. The plantlets raised in vitro were acclimatized in green house and successfully transplanted to natural condition with 70% survival. Direct organogenesis of explants and regeneration of M.
    [Show full text]
  • ~Nnual Qlowers
    Bulletin 101 of the Agricultural Extension Service, The Ohio state Univel'Sity ~nnual qlowers By VICTOR H. RIES Specialist in Floriculture, The Ohio State University THE OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY AND THE UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT <'F AGRICULTURE, COOPERATING AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE, H. c. RAMSOWER, Director, Columbus FRE~ooperative A~rieultural Extension Work-Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914 Annual Flowers By VICTOR H. RIEB Floriculture Specialist, The Ohio State University A NNUAL garden :flowers are a necessity in the well planned .ti.garden for they offer many advantages not found in the peren­ nial and biennial :flowers. They are easily grown from seed, they produce effects the same season, and as a rule are less demanding in their requirements of growth. Being so easily grown from seed, they give a greater amount of effect for a small expenditure than any other type of :flower. The term "annual :flowers" is an extremely elastic one. We apply it to those plants of which the seed is sown in the spring, and blossoms produced the same season, the plants being killed when cold weather arrives. We also include in this group tender perennials such as the snapdragon and the pansy which, although they often live over, never amount to much the second year. There are many interesting ways in which annual :flowers may be used. This bulletin o:ff ers plans for various sized beds and sug­ gestions for group plantings. ANNUAL FLOWER BEDS There are many cases where a bed or a group of beds may be planted entirely with annual :flowers.
    [Show full text]
  • Varieties of Heirloom Seeds and Roots for the 1812 Garden Hamilton College 2009 Season Sources: (Click on the Name to Access
    Varieties of heirloom seeds and roots for The 1812 Garden Hamilton College 2009 Season Sources: (click on the name to access the website of these organizations) Baker: Baker Creek Heirloom Seeds (Mansfield, Missouri) www.rareseeds.com Bountiful Gardens, (Willits, California) http://www.bountifulgardens.org/Aboutus.asp Constable Hall (Constableville, NY) http://www.constablehall.org/ Farmers Museum (Cooperstown, New York) http://www.farmersmuseum.org/ Miller Nurseries (Canandaigua, NY) http://millernurseries.com/ OSV: Old Sturbridge Village (Massachusetts) http://www.osv.org/ Sand Hill Preservation Center (Calamus, Iowa) http://www.sandhillpreservation.com/ Southern Exposure Seed Exchange (Mineral, Virginia) http://www.southernexposure.com/index.html SSE: Seed Savers Exchange (Decorah, Iowa) http://www.seedsavers.org TJC: Thomas Jefferson Center for Historic Plants (Monticello, Virginia) http://www.monticello.org/chp/ ASPARAGUS Jersey Supreme From Clinton Agway (commercial roots) BEAN Iroquois varieties/Native seed: Tonawanda variant #2 (genepool/landrace) and Onondaga Yellow Eye. All from Bryan Connolly (Mansfield Center, Connecticut CT CO B2 08)(member of Seed Savers Exchange CT CO B2 08) (planted in Three Sisters plot) Scarlet-runner “Painted Lady” (Phaseolus coccineus) (transported From Mexico/South America to Europe and then to Colonial America sometime before 1750; Traditional English bi-color grown since 1596! The name made mention to Queen Elizabeth I, "who was heavily made up with rouge and white chalk." The gorgeous flowers of red and white are among the most beautiful of flowering beans. The large beans are also good as snaps, freshly shelled or as dry beans, which are chocolate and tan mottled in color. Jefferson planted it in 1812; McMahon, the Philadelphia seed seller, wrote that it was grown in America exclusively as an ornamental; vines can be trained to grow over trellises.
    [Show full text]
  • Molecular Phylogenetic Study of Luffa Tuberosa Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae)
    International Journal of Bioinformatics Research, ISSN: 0975–3087, Volume 2, Issue 2, 2010, pp-42-60 Molecular phylogenetic study of Luffa tuberosa Roxb. (Cucurbitaceae) based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA and its systematic implication Ajmal Ali M.1*, Karuppusamy S.2 and Fahad M. Al-Hemaid1 *1Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia, [email protected] 2Department of Botany, The Madura College, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India Abstract- The phylogenetic position of long been debatable species Luffa tuberosa was inferred in the present study using ITS sequence of nuclear ribosomal DNA data. The study sampled a total number of 16 accessions which include five accessions of Luffa (under four species i.e. Luffa acutangula, L. cylindrica, L. aegyptiaca and L. tuberosa), nine accessions of Momordica (under eight species i.e. M. angustisepala, M. balsamina, M. cabraei, M. charantia, M. charantia subsp. macroloba, M. cissoides, M. cochinchinensis, M. dioica and M. foetida) and two accessions of Trichosanthes under two species (i.e. T. lepiniana and T. tricuspidata). The sequence data analysis clearly reveals nesting of Luffa tuberosa within the clade of Momordica, thus, we herein support the inclusion of Luffa tuberosa into the genus Momordica as M. tuberosa (Roxb.) Cogn. Key Words: Luffa tuberosa, Momordica, Cucurbitaceae, ITS, nuclear ribosomal DNA INTRODUCTION tendril-bearing vine grows up to 5 meter. It bears The genus Luffa Miller, belongs to Tribe Luffeae, simple, alternate leaves, 4-12 cm across, with 3-7 Subfamily Cucurbitioideae, Family Cucurbitaceae deeply separated lobes [1]. are distributed mainly in tropical regions of the The taxonomic position of Luffa aroused much world [1].
    [Show full text]
  • Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis Capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)1 M
    EENY-214 Mediterranean Fruit Fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann) (Insecta: Diptera: Tephritidae)1 M. C. Thomas, J. B. Heppner, R. E. Woodruff, H. V. Weems, G. J. Steck, and T. R. Fasulo2 Introduction Because of its wide distribution over the world, its ability to tolerate cooler climates better than most other species of The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiede- tropical fruit flies, and its wide range of hosts, it is ranked mann), is one of the world’s most destructive fruit pests. first among economically important fruit fly species. Its The species originated in sub-Saharan Africa and is not larvae feed and develop on many deciduous, subtropical, known to be established in the continental United States. and tropical fruits and some vegetables. Although it may be When it has been detected in Florida, California, and Texas, a major pest of citrus, often it is a more serious pest of some especially in recent years, each infestation necessitated deciduous fruits, such as peach, pear, and apple. The larvae intensive and massive eradication and detection procedures feed upon the pulp of host fruits, sometimes tunneling so that the pest did not become established. through it and eventually reducing the whole to a juicy, inedible mass. In some of the Mediterranean countries, only the earlier varieties of citrus are grown, because the flies develop so rapidly that late-season fruits are too heav- ily infested to be marketable. Some areas have had almost 100% infestation in stone fruits. Harvesting before complete maturity also is practiced in Mediterranean areas generally infested with this fruit fly.
    [Show full text]
  • Modulatory Effects of Momordica Balsamina on Th1/Th2 Cytokine Profiles in Immune-Challenged Rats
    Vol. 13(15), pp. 343-350, August, 2019 DOI: 10.5897/JMPR2019.6788 Article Number: FB19BFE61675 ISSN 1996-0875 Copyright © 2019 Author(s) retain the copyright of this article Journal of Medicinal Plants Research http://www.academicjournals.org/JMPR Full Length Research Paper Modulatory effects of Momordica balsamina on Th1/Th2 cytokine profiles in immune-challenged rats Iman H. Abdoon1*, Bashier Osman1, Maowia M. Mukhtar2 and Hatim Ali Elsheikh3 1Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. 2Institute of Endemic Diseases, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan. 3Department of Clinical Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Taif University, Taif, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Received 20 May, 2019; Accepted 15 July, 2019 There is an ever-growing interest to identify plants that boost the immune system functions. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of Momordica balsamina (MB) leaves extract in BCG-immunized rats. Thirty rats were randomly divided into five groups (n = 6). MB extract was suspended in 1% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC). Firstly, animals were challenged subcutaneously with 0.05 ml BCG. The first group (vehicle control group) received 1% CMC (100 mg/kg body weight; p.o.), and the second group (positive control group) was provided with levamisole (18 mg/kg body weight; p.o.). The remaining groups (test groups) were dosed orally with different doses of MB extracts (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight) for 14 consecutive days. Blood samples were collected on day 0, 7 and 14, and then plasma samples were analyzed for Th1 cytokines (TNF-α and IFN- γ) and Th2 cytokines (IL-10 and TGF-β), using cytokine specific enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA).
    [Show full text]
  • 82 Antiviral Potential of Aqueous Extracts of Some Parts Of
    Journal of Advanced Pharmacy Education & Research 2 (3) 82-92 (2012) ISSN 2249-3379 Antiviral Potential of Aqueous Extracts of Some Parts of Momordica balsamina Plant against Newcastle Disease Virus Chollom S.C. 1*, Olawuyi A.K. 1, Danjuma L.D. 2, Nanbol L.D. 3, Makinde I.O. 3, Hashimu G.A. 4, Alesa M.U. 5, Esilonu J.T. 6, Ogundeji E.B. 4, Kwatjel J.S. 6 1. Viral Research Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria 2. Dermatophilosis Unit, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria 3. Viral Vaccine Production Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria 4. Bacterial Vaccine Production Department, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria 5. Central Diagnostic Laboratory, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom, Nigeria 6. Parasitology Laboratory, Federal College of Animal Health and Production Technology, Vom, Nigeria *Corresponding author: [email protected] ABSTRACT Investigation was made on the fruit pulp and leaf extracts of Momordica balsamina plant to determine their antiviral potential against Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) using chicken embryo fibroblast (CEF) cell lines. Three experimental sets were assembled: virus and extract were made to react before infection of cell line; virus and cell were made to react before addition of extract and cell and extract made to react before infection with virus. Cytotoxicity test showed that both extracts are safe at concentrations lower than 30mg/ml. Phytochemistry of the two extracts revealed the presence of novel antiviral agents just as elemental studies showed the presence of important elements. Antiviral assay showed inhibition of the virus from 10mg/ml concentration of fruit pulp extract and 20mg/ml concentration of leaf extract upwards.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comprehensive Review on Beneficial Dietary Phytochemicals in Common Traditional Southern African Leafy Vegetables
    Received: 23 December 2017 | Revised: 11 March 2018 | Accepted: 15 March 2018 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.643 REVIEW A comprehensive review on beneficial dietary phytochemicals in common traditional Southern African leafy vegetables Dharini Sivakumar1 | Lingyun Chen2 | Yasmina Sultanbawa3 1Phytochemical Food Network Research Group, Department of Crop Abstract Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Regular intake of sufficient amounts of certain dietary phytochemicals was proven to Pretoria, South Africa reduce the incidence of noncommunicable chronic diseases and certain infectious 2Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, diseases. In addition, dietary phytochemicals were also reported to reduce the inci- Edmonton, AB, Canada dence of metabolic disorders such as obesity in children and adults. However, limited 3Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, information is available, especially on dietary phytochemicals in the commonly avail- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of able traditional leafy vegetables. Primarily, the review summarizes information on the Queensland, Coopers Plains, Qld, Canada major phytochemicals and the impact of geographical location, genotype, agronomy Correspondence practices, postharvest storage, and processing of common traditional leafy vegeta- Dharini Sivakumar, Phytochemical Food bles. The review also briefly discusses the bioavailability and accessibility of major Network Research Group, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of phytochemicals, common antinutritive compounds of the selected vegetables, and Technology, Pretoria, South Africa. recently developed traditional leafy vegetable- based food products for dietary di- Email: [email protected] versification to improve the balanced diet for the consumers. The potential exists for Funding information better use of traditional leafy vegetables to sustain food security and to improve the National Research Foundation, Grant/Award Number: 98352 health and well- being of humans.
    [Show full text]
  • (Cucurbitaceae) Y Evaluación De Su Capacidad Antioxidante
    CONTRIBUCIÓN AL ESTUDIO FITOQUÍMICO DE PARTES AÉREAS DE LA ESPECIE Momordica charantia Linn (CUCURBITACEAE) Y EVALUACIÓN DE SU CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE GUINNET PAOLA FUQUENE BUSTOS UNIVERSIDAD DISTRITAL FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y EDUCACIÓN PROYECTO CURRICULAR: LICENCIATURA EN QUÍMICA Bogotá. D.C 2018 CONTRIBUCIÓN AL ESTUDIO FITOQUÍMICO DE PARTES AÉREAS DE LA ESPECIE Momordica charantia Linn (CUCURBITACEAE) Y EVALUACIÓN DE SU CAPACIDAD ANTIOXIDANTE GUINNET PAOLA FUQUENE BUSTOS Proyecto de grado como requisito para optar al título de pregrado en licenciatura en química. DIRECTORES: WILLIAM FERNANDO CASTRILLON CARDONA Químico, Magíster en ciencias ambientales, Magíster investigación en educación, Especialista en informática para la docencia, Docente Universidad Distrital FJC JAVIER ANDRES MATULEVICH PELAEZ Licenciado en Química, Especialista en Análisis Químico Instrumental, Magister en Ciencias Biológicas – Fitoquímica, Docente Universidad Distrital FJC UNIVERSIDAD DISTRITAL FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS Y EDUCACIÓN PROYECTO CURRICULAR DE LICENCIATURA EN QUÍMICA Bogotá. D.C 2018 AGRADECIMIENTOS Agradezco a Dios en primer lugar por haberme acompañado y guiado a lo largo de mi carrera, a mis padres Mauricio y Nidia por su apoyo, fortaleza y amor en cada momento de mi vida, A mis abuelos Beatriz y Antonio, a mis tíos Pilar y Gregori por darme la fuerza y confianza para cumplir mis metas y sueños, siendo cada uno de ellos mi motor de vida. Le agradezco a la universidad Distrital por la formación como profesional, además agradezco al profesor William Castrillón por permitirme estar en el Grupo de investigación de Productos Naturales Vegetales. Le agradezco al profesor Javier Matulevich por él, apoyo, confianza y amistad quien a través de su experiencia y ejemplo a seguir.
    [Show full text]
  • Southern Garden History Plant Lists
    Southern Plant Lists Southern Garden History Society A Joint Project With The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation September 2000 1 INTRODUCTION Plants are the major component of any garden, and it is paramount to understanding the history of gardens and gardening to know the history of plants. For those interested in the garden history of the American south, the provenance of plants in our gardens is a continuing challenge. A number of years ago the Southern Garden History Society set out to create a ‘southern plant list’ featuring the dates of introduction of plants into horticulture in the South. This proved to be a daunting task, as the date of introduction of a plant into gardens along the eastern seaboard of the Middle Atlantic States was different than the date of introduction along the Gulf Coast, or the Southern Highlands. To complicate maters, a plant native to the Mississippi River valley might be brought in to a New Orleans gardens many years before it found its way into a Virginia garden. A more logical project seemed to be to assemble a broad array plant lists, with lists from each geographic region and across the spectrum of time. The project’s purpose is to bring together in one place a base of information, a data base, if you will, that will allow those interested in old gardens to determine the plants available and popular in the different regions at certain times. This manual is the fruition of a joint undertaking between the Southern Garden History Society and the Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. In choosing lists to be included, I have been rather ruthless in expecting that the lists be specific to a place and a time.
    [Show full text]
  • Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers for the Treatment of Malaria in the Chipinge District in Zimbabwe
    Journal of Ethnopharmacology 159 (2015) 224–237 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Ethnopharmacology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jep Research Paper Medicinal plants used by traditional healers for the treatment of malaria in the Chipinge district in Zimbabwe Talkmore Ngarivhume a,b, Charlotte I.E.A. van’t Klooster c, Joop T.V.M. de Jong c, Jan H. Van der Westhuizen d,n a Department of Chemistry, Walter Sisulu University, NMD campus, P.O. Bag X1, Mthatha 5117, South Africa b Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa c Amsterdam Institute for Social Science Research (AISSR), University of Amsterdam (UvA), P.O. Box 15718, 1001 NE Amsterdam, The Netherlands d Directorate: Research Development, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa article info abstract Article history: Ethnopharmacological relevance: Because about 50% of the Zimbabwean population is at risk of Received 20 August 2014 contracting malaria each year, the majority of people, especially in rural areas, use traditional plant- Received in revised form based medicines to combat malaria. This explorative ethnobotanical survey was undertaken to document 23 October 2014 how malaria is conceptualized and diagnosed by traditional healers, and to record the medicinal plants Accepted 7 November 2014 used in the prevention and treatment of malaria, their mode of preparation and administration. Available online 18 November 2014 Materials and methods: The research was conducted in three villages in Headman Muzite's area and in Keywords: Chiriga village. These villages are located in the Chipinge district in the Manicaland Province in Malaria Zimbabwe.Traditional healers were selected with the assistance of the headman of the Muzite area Medicinal plants and a representative of the Zimbabwe National Traditional Healers Association.
    [Show full text]
  • Safety and Health Benefits Profile Studies of Leaf Extracts of Momordica Balsamina Linn (Cucurbitaceae) Found in North Central Nigeria
    GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2020, 11(02), 278–286 Available online at GSC Online Press Directory GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences e-ISSN: 2581-3250, CODEN (USA): GBPSC2 Journal homepage: https://www.gsconlinepress.com/journals/gscbps (RESEARCH ARTICLE) Safety and health benefits profile studies of leaf extracts of Momordica balsamina Linn (Cucurbitaceae) found in North Central Nigeria Kadiri Okai Jonathan *, Okafor Sylvester Ignatius and Ogaji Joshua Ikoni Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria. Publication history: Received on 12 February 2020; revised on 22 May 2020; accepted on 26 May 2020 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2020.11.2.0039 Abstract Momordica balsamina Linn (Cucurbitaceae) plant possesses both medicinal and nutritional properties and has been used for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. The purpose of this paper was to evaluate the safety and health benefits of the leaf extracts of the plant found in North Central Nigeria. The leaf powder was sequentially extracted with solvents of varying polarity index. The protein and amino acid contents were determined by micro Kjeldahl nitrogen methods. The lipid, carbohydrate, fibre and ash contents were determined by well-established and standardized methods. The mineral compositions were analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The antioxidant activity was evaluated by the scavenging activity of the extracts on DPPH free radical, while the acute toxicity studies were carried out using male albino rats. Results show that the leaf contains 22 ± 0.58% of crude proteins on dry weight basis. The corresponding values for carbohydrates, lipids, crude fibre and ash are 32.5 ± 0.8, 3.98 ± 0.12, 16.72 ± 1 and 21 ± 0.81% respectively.
    [Show full text]