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Civil Rights Activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, 1960-1963
SUTTELL, BRIAN WILLIAM, Ph.D. Campus to Counter: Civil Rights Activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, 1960-1963. (2017) Directed by Dr. Charles C. Bolton. 296 pp. This work investigates civil rights activism in Raleigh and Durham, North Carolina, in the early 1960s, especially among students at Shaw University, Saint Augustine’s College (Saint Augustine’s University today), and North Carolina College at Durham (North Carolina Central University today). Their significance in challenging traditional practices in regard to race relations has been underrepresented in the historiography of the civil rights movement. Students from these three historically black schools played a crucial role in bringing about the end of segregation in public accommodations and the reduction of discriminatory hiring practices. While student activists often proceeded from campus to the lunch counters to participate in sit-in demonstrations, their actions also represented a counter to businesspersons and politicians who sought to preserve a segregationist view of Tar Heel hospitality. The research presented in this dissertation demonstrates the ways in which ideas of academic freedom gave additional ideological force to the civil rights movement and helped garner support from students and faculty from the “Research Triangle” schools comprised of North Carolina State College (North Carolina State University today), Duke University, and the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Many students from both the “Protest Triangle” (my term for the activists at the three historically black schools) and “Research Triangle” schools viewed efforts by local and state politicians to thwart student participation in sit-ins and other forms of protest as a restriction of their academic freedom. -
Race and Recreation in Charlotte, North Carolina, 1927-1973
‘PUBLIC ORDER IS EVEN MORE IMPORTANT THAN THE RIGHTS OF NEGROES’: RACE AND RECREATION IN CHARLOTTE, NORTH CAROLINA, 1927-1973 by Michael Worth Ervin A thesis submitted to the faculty of The University of North Carolina at Charlotte in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History Charlotte 2015 Approved by: ______________________________ Dr. Sonya Ramsey ______________________________ Dr. Cheryl Hicks ______________________________ Dr. David Goldfield ii ©2015 Michael Worth Ervin ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii ABSTRACT MICHAEL WORTH ERVIN. “Public order is even more important than the rights of negroes:” race and recreation in Charlotte, North Carolina 1927-1973. (Under the direction of DR. SONYA RAMSEY) In July 1960, Charlotte’s Park and Recreation Commission enacted an official policy of desegregation in the city’s parks, playgrounds, swimming pools, and recreation centers. This development, which resulted in the first integrated municipal swimming pool in the state of North Carolina, seemed to embody the progressive business-centric ethos of Charlotte’s white elite. While token desegregation was lauded by commentators as evidence of Charlotte’s progressive race relations, the reality was far more complex. During the majority of the twentieth century, the Commission utilized a series of putatively moderate methods to suppress black dissent and muffle white reaction in the city. Even after de jure segregation crumbled, de facto segregation remained largely intact. This form of exclusion was buttressed by discriminatory public policies that redistributed black tax dollars to white communities, spatial segregation that insulated middle-and upper-class white neighborhoods from African Americans, and police harassment that fractured militant Black Power organizations. -
REEL INDEX (Charlotte Observers Clippings Microfilm)
1 CHARLOTTE OBSERVER CLIPPINGS FILE REEL INDEX REEL 1 (BOX 1) Babies – Jan. 1958 – Dec. 1970 Ballots - Election – July 1958 – Nov. 1970 Bank Robberies (General [& some U.S.]) – Apr. 1952 – Dec. 1969 (list of people committing robbery, time to be served, etc. from Apr. 1952 - July 1957 – then clippings start with Aug. 1958) Bank Robberies Charlotte – Aug. 1958 – Nov. 1969 Bank Robberies, N. C. – May 1956 – Dec. 1969 Bank Robberies, S. C. – July 1958 – Dec. 1969 Banking – Dec. 1956 – Dec. 1969 Elections, Primary & Regular Data – May 1958 – Dec. 1969 Elections North Carolina – May 1952 – Dec. 1970 (repeat of subject card with 1960) Election Presidential – Oct. 1956 – Dec. 1970 Elections Charlotte Municipal – Apr. 1943 – Nov. 1969 Elections Mecklenburg County – Feb. 1958 – Nov. 1969 Elections Mecklenburg State House of Representatives – Apr. 1960 – Dec. 1969 Elections - Mecklenburg State Senator – Feb. 1957 – Dec. 1969 Elections, Mecklenburg Precincts & Registrars – Oct. 1948 – Nov. 1969 Duke Power Co. – Oct. 1956 – Dec. 1969 REEL 2 (BOX 2) Charlotte Area Fund – Aug. 1963 – Dec. 1969 Charlotte City Council – Oct. 1944 – Dec. 1969 Duke Power Co. – Feb. 1963 (one clipping only – no subject announcement) Vietnam Negotiations – May 1967 – Dec. 1969 Park and Recreation Commission – Aug. 1942 – Dec. 1969 Charlotte City Parks – Apr. 1956 – Dec. 1969 Freedom Park – Aug. 1944 – May 1968 Charlotte Public Library Park - Mar. 1956 - May 1968 (now known as Arequipa Park - Nov. 1971) REEL 3 (BOX 3) Schools, Charlotte Mecklenburg School Systems – Dec. 1947 – Dec. 1969 Charlotte Police Dept. – Jan. 1950 – Dec. 1969 Charlotte Mecklenburg Board of Education (Sessions Laws) 1959 (Merger of City and County Systems) (Reprint of H. -
LSTA Grant Lesson Plan Writing Cohort Submitted by Rebecca Griffith, Isaac Bear Early College High School
William Madison Randall Library LSTA Grant Lesson Plan Writing Cohort Submitted by Rebecca Griffith, Isaac Bear Early College High School Overview Abstract Examine the work performed by the women and teenagers of the Women’s Good Will Committee of High Point, North Carolina as they labor to bridge race relations in their community. Explore primary source documents using close reading strategies. Discover how the work of the High Point Women’s Good Will Committee serves as a positive model for other groups to replicate. Extrapolate and apply the work of the High Point Women’s Good Will Committee to a current societal ill and seek areas in which adults and students can cooperatively find solutions to these problems. Standards AH2.H.4 – Analyze how conflict and compromise have shaped politics, economics and culture in the United States. AH2.H.5 – Understand how tensions between freedom, equality and power have shaped the political, economic and social development of the United States. AH2.H.7 – Understand the impact of war on American politics, economics, society and culture. Objectives AH2.H.4.1 – Analyze the political issues and conflicts that impacted the United States since Reconstruction and the compromises that resulted (e.g., Populism, Progressivism, working conditions and labor unrest, New Deal, Wilmington Race Riots, Eugenics, Civil Rights Movement, Anti-War protests, Watergate, etc.). AH2.H.4.3 – Analyze the social and religious conflicts, movements and reforms that impacted the United States since Reconstruction in terms of participants, strategies, opposition, and results (e.g., Prohibition, Social Darwinism, Eugenics, civil rights, anti-war protest, etc.). -
High School Audience Discussion Guide
Mike Wiley – The Playwright and Actor Actor and playwright Mike Wiley has spent the last decade fulfilling his mission to bring educational theatre to young audiences. In the early days of his career, Wiley found few theatrical resources to shine light on key events and fig- ures in black history. To bring these often ignored stories to life, Wiley started his own production company. Through his work, he has introduced countless students to the sto- ries and legacies of Emmett Till, the Tuskegee Airmen, Henry “Box” Brown and more. Mike Wiley has a Masters of Fine Arts from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Wiley has also appeared on the Discovery Channel, The Learning Channel and the National Geographic Channel and was recently profiled in Our State magazine. Timothy B. Tyson – The Author Tim Tyson, noted author and historian, was born and raised in North Carolina. He received his Ph.D. from Duke University in 1994 and currently serves there as a Senior Research Scholar at the Center for Documentary Studies and also holds positions in the Duke Divinity School and the Department of History. His memoir Blood Done Sign My Name won the Southern Book Award, was a finalist for the National Book Critics Award and received the Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion from the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary. The book has also been selected for the reading programs of a number of communities and colleges (including The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Villanova University and The University of Iowa). A movie based on the book is sched- uled for release in the coming months. -
PEGODA-DISSERTATION-2016.Pdf (3.234Mb)
© Copyright by Andrew Joseph Pegoda December, 2016 “IF YOU DO NOT LIKE THE PAST, CHANGE IT”: THE REEL CIVIL RIGHTS REVOLUTION, HISTORICAL MEMORY, AND THE MAKING OF UTOPIAN PASTS _______________ A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Andrew Joseph Pegoda December, 2016 “IF YOU DO NOT LIKE THE PAST, CHANGE IT”: THE REEL CIVIL RIGHTS REVOLUTION, HISTORICAL MEMORY, AND THE MAKING OF UTOPIAN PASTS ____________________________ Andrew Joseph Pegoda APPROVED: ____________________________ Linda Reed, Ph.D. Committee Chair ____________________________ Nancy Beck Young, Ph.D. ____________________________ Richard Mizelle, Ph.D. ____________________________ Barbara Hales, Ph.D. University of Houston-Clear Lake ____________________________ Steven G. Craig, Ph.D. Interim Dean, College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences Department of Economics ii “IF YOU DO NOT LIKE THE PAST, CHANGE IT”: THE REEL CIVIL RIGHTS REVOLUTION, HISTORICAL MEMORY, AND THE MAKING OF UTOPIAN PASTS _______________ An Abstract of A Dissertation Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History University of Houston _______________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy _______________ By Andrew Joseph Pegoda December, 2016 ABSTRACT Historians have continued to expand the available literature on the Civil Rights Revolution, an unprecedented social movement during the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s that aimed to codify basic human and civil rights for individuals racialized as Black, by further developing its cast of characters, challenging its geographical and temporal boundaries, and by comparing it to other social movements both inside and outside of the United States. -
Sitting Down to Stand up for Democracy
Sitting Down To Stand Up For Democracy Overview Students will evaluate the actions of various citizens during the Civil Rights Movement and how their actions brought about changes for society (then and now) through the examination of poetry, biographies, speeches, photographs, historical events, and civil rights philosophies. Grade 8 North Carolina Essential Standards for 8th Grade • 8.H.1: Apply historical thinking to understand the creation and development of North Carolina and the United States. • 8.H.2.1: Explain the impact of economic, political, social, and military conflicts (e.g. war, slavery, states’ rights and citizenship and immigration policies) on the development of North Carolina and the United States • 8.H.2.2: Summarize how leadership and citizen actions influenced the outcome of key conflicts in North Carolina and the United States. • 8.H.3.3: Explain how individuals and groups have influenced economic, political and social change in North Carolina and the United States. • 8.C&G.1.4: Analyze access to democratic rights and freedoms among various groups in North Carolina and the United States • 8.C&G.2.1: Evaluate the effectiveness of various approaches used to effect change in North Carolina and the United States • 8.C&G.2.2: Analyze issues pursued through active citizen campaigns for change • 8.C&G.2.3: Explain the impact of human and civil rights issues throughout North Carolina and United States history • 8.C.1.3: Summarize the contributions of particular groups to the development of North Carolina and the United States Essential Questions • In what ways were African Americans deprived of equality during the Jim Crow Era? • In what ways did citizens and engaged community members work to bring about change during the Civil Rights Movement? • Evaluate the effectiveness and/or ineffectiveness of legislation in regards to eQual rights. -
Interview with Moses Tuck
An Interview with Moses Teel Jr., The Inspiration Behind As Fast As Words Could Fly As Fast As Words Could Fly tells the story of Mason, a teenager growing up in North Carolina who becomes one of the first black students to attend an all-white high school. We interviewed author Pamela M. Tuck’s father, Moses Teel Jr., whose experience during integration inspired the New Voices award-winning title. Lee & Low: In the Author's Note, it says that you used your “typing talent to defy the prejudices of people who considered [you] inferior.” Did you also participate in a typing contest similar to the one Mason was in? What was that experience like? Moses Teel: Yes. In my typing class, we had five-minute timed typing exercises. Five strokes counted for one word and every error took one word away from your total word count. I participated in a lot of these classroom competitions and won. That’s what helped me qualify for the tournament. By the time I had to compete, I felt pretty confident in my skill and I stayed focused by telling myself, “I can do this.” L&L: How did you handle the hardships you encountered while at Belvoir- Falkland High School? Was there a piece of advice that you were given that inspired you? What advice would you give others who experience some form of prejudice directed toward them? MT: The encouragement from my family and other members of the civil rights group helped me handle the hardships I faced. My dad had sacrificed a lot during the Civil Rights Movement so as to make a difference. -
OBJ (Application/Pdf)
z - ■— - ■ -- - V) Foot! Intercepted bild: A Patriot Tribute \ This picture is The Southern Patriot’s New Year’s greeting IF (By Staff Correspondent) gan Friends of the Student Non readers. And little Sherrilynn Bevel, shown here with her mo CLARKSDALE, Miss — Two violent Coordinating Committee Mrs. Diane Nash ^evel, is our nomination for the traditional students from Michigan were ar (SNCC), and in Louisville by the symbol of the(new year. rested here during Christmas local SNCC affiliate; the Louis Sherrilynn’s parents might have found comfortable lives and s week when they brought a truck ville CORE chapter, and SCEF. cessful careers anywhere—Mrs. Bevel is a former beauty queen, her load of food, clothing, and medi Clarksdale police returned much husband, the Rev. James Bevel, a talented young minister. cine for Negroes being harassed of the material after the students for trying to vote. were freed. But they have chosen to make their home in Mississippi (he on the staff of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, she a Ivanhoe Donaldson and Benja The arrests brought immediate protests from SNCC, the Southern field secretary for the Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee), min Taylor, both 21, were charged because they have faith that this state will yet move forward. with possession of narcotics and Christian Leadership Conference, CORE, SCEF, and other groups. Sherrilynn might have been born in jail, but she wasn’t because held under $15,000 bond each. even a Mississippi judge had qualms about putting an expectant After nationwide protests, bond The NAACP provided legal aid. Meantime, Henry urged that food mother there. -
Bdsmncollege.Pdf
Mike Wiley – The Playwright and Actor Actor and playwright Mike Wiley has spent the last decade fulfilling his mission to bring educational theatre to young audiences. In the early days of his career, Wiley found few theatrical resources to shine light on key events and fig- ures in black history. To bring these often ignored stories to life, Wiley started his own production company. Through his work, he has introduced countless students to the sto- ries and legacies of Emmett Till, the Tuskegee Airmen, Henry “Box” Brown and more. Mike Wiley has a Masters of Fine Arts from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. Wiley has also appeared on the Discovery Channel, The Left to right: Mike Wiley, Eddie McCoy and Tim Tyson Learning Channel and the National Geographic Channel and was recently profiled in Our State magazine. Timothy B. Tyson – The Author Tim Tyson, noted author and historian, was born and raised in North Carolina. He received his Ph.D. from Duke University in 1994 and currently serves there as a Senior Research Scholar at the Center for Documentary Studies and also holds positions in the Duke Divinity School and the Department of History. His memoir Blood Done Sign My Name won the Southern Book Award, was a finalist for the National Book Critics Award and received the Louisville Grawemeyer Award in Religion from the Louisville Presbyterian Theological Seminary. The book has also been selected for the reading programs of a number of communities and colleges (including The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Villanova University and The University of Iowa). -
Report for Meeting of the North Carolina Historical Commission, September 3, 2020
Report for Meeting of the North Carolina Historical Commission, September 3, 2020 Prepared by Angela M. Thorpe, Director, NC African American Heritage Commission ORGANIZATIONAL STAFF CHANGES • Adrienne M. Nirdé joined the NC African American Heritage Commission (AAHC) as Associate Director this spring. In this role, Mrs. Nirdé will lead the organization’s communications strategy as well as programs and initiatives. • Kimberly “Kyma” Lassiter’s role was adjusted to reflect her duties more realistically. As such, she currently serves as the Arts and Outreach Coordinator for the AAHC. COMMISSIONER RE-APPOINTMENTS • Reverend Dr. Pierre Crawford (Gaston County) • E. Charles Robinson (Durham County) GENERAL PROGRAMMATIC AND INITIATIVE-BASED UPDATES • My NC from A-Z In February of 2020, the AAHC released its first children’s book in partnership with the NC Office of Archives and History: My N.C. from A to Z. Written by Michelle Lanier and illustrated by Dare Coulter, this book celebrates pride of place, creates connections to North Carolina’s rich African American heritage and teaches children about human equality and social justice. This book release was celebrated by a series of public programs in February. Digital educational resources have been developed to support the book, including an educator’s guide edited by Dr. Valerie Ann Johnson and created by the N.C. Government & Heritage Library and the NC Arts Council’s A+ Schools Program. A virtual program series centered on the book will launch this fall at four libraries across the state. Finally, My N.C. from A to Z will serve as North Carolina’s selection for the National Book Festival this September. -
Real People – Real Stories
Real People – Real Stories Afton, NC (Warren County) Published: September 2006 © 2006 – Exchange Project at The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Published September 2006 Permission is hereby granted for reproduction of this material, in whole or in part, for educational or scientific purposes except those involving commercial sale, provided that (a) full citation of the source is given, and (b) notification is given in writing to: The Exchange Project Department of Health Behavior and Health Education The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Campus Box # 7506 Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7506 Fax: (919) 966-7955 Email: [email protected] http://www.ExchangeProject.unc.edu 1 Significance of Case After the illegal disposal of PCBs1 along North Carolina highways in 1978, state officials selected the predominately Black community of Afton for a landfill despite the site’s incompatibility with EPA guidelines. Community residents fought the initial placement of the landfill, often placing themselves in harm’s way by physically blocking trucks. Over twenty years after the landfill was constructed, persistent activism by community residents caused the state to complete on-site decontamination of the PCB-contaminated soil. Warren County is widely recognized as the birthplace of the environmental justice movement. Community History State officials, including Governor Jim Hunt, selected Warren County as the disposal site for PCB-contaminated soil in June 1979. According to the 1980 U.S. Census, the population of Warren County was estimated to be 16,232 and 60% Black (the state-wide percentage is 22%) (General Accounting Office, 1983). State officials denied that the racial makeup of Warren County influenced the decision to place the landfill in Afton.