Steve Jobs/IBM/Micrososft/P.Hirsch Time Line (PDF)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Steve Jobs/IBM/Micrososft/P.Hirsch Time Line (PDF) Date Steve Jobs Events Peter Hirsch/IBM/Microsoft Events February-55 Steve Jobs born in Madison, Wisconsin Bill Gates born in Seattle, Washington August-55 Steve Jobs Adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs June-57 Mona Simpson is born, Steve Jobs biological Sister Peter Hirsch enter University of Wisconsin September-60 Jobs family moved to Mountain View, Ca from San Francisco, Ca November-61 Peter Hirsch gets MS degree at University of Wisconsin. Peter Hirsch's son, David Hirsch, born in Madison Wisconsin June-65 Peter's daughter, Debra, born in Madison Wisconsin August-66 Peter Hirsch gets PhD from University of Wisconsin. Peter Hirsch starts work at IBM in Houston, Texas September-67 Steve Jobs enters Homestead High School, Sunnyvale, Ca September-70 Steve Jobs worked at HP and meets Steve Wozniak 1971 Developed Blue Box to mimic phone calls (with Steve Wozniack) 1972 Steve Jobs Senior at Homestead High School 1972 Steve Jobs meets Girlfriend Chris Ann Brennan 1972 Steve Jobs enters Reed College 1973 Bill Gates enters Harvard University 1974 Steve Jobs drops out of Reed College/Works at Atari Peter moves family to Cupertino, California. Works at IBM Palo Alto Scientific Center July-74 Steve Jobs travels to India 1975 Steve Jobs returns to Atari. Creates circuit board for Bill Gates and Paul Allen start Microsoft the game, Breakout (with Wozniak). Attends with Basic for the Altair 8080 and drop Homebrew club with Wozniak at Stamford out of Harvard. Peter's son, David Hirsch, University enters Homestead High School 1976 Apple I board and Keyboard delivered (with Steve Wozniack) 1977 Apple computer valued at $5,309 April-77 Apple II computer sold 2,700 units May-78 Lisa Brennan-Jobs born. Jobs first daughter Peter's daughter, Laura Hirsch, is born in Mountain View, Ca.. IBM 5100 is released. First IBM portable computer, uses APL that was developed at the IBM Palo Alto Scientific Center June-79 Steve Jobs visits Xerox Parc to see Windows Peter's son, David graduates from Technology. Lisa Computer started Homestead High School, starts Berkley December-80 Apple computer valued at $1.79 Billion IBM approaches Microsoft to write Basic for IBM PC January-81 210,000 Apple II Computers shipped IBM PC announced/ IBM PC Club started January-82 Steve Jobs starts Mac project Peter receives IBM PC 1 with MSDOS/GWBASIC, David writes Numgame for 4 year old sister, Laura, in Basic December-82 279,000 Apple II sold 240,000 IBM PCs sold January-83 Lisa Computer announced. First Apple computer Windows development announced with mouse and windows. John Scully becomes CEO of Apple from Pepsico December-83 420,000 Apples computers sold 1.3 Million IBM PCs sold January-84 Superbowl 1984 ad January-84 Macintosh Announced with windows IBM PCjr released May-85 Steve Jobs fired from Apple November-85 Windows Version 1 released. Peter starts work on AI/Expert Systems January-86 Steve Jobs mother who raised him dies of lung cancer January-86 Steve Finds his birth mother, Joanne Simpon, and Peter's daughter, Laura, asks why he sister, Mona Simpson does not work for a big computer company, like Apple May-86 Jobs Starts Pixar August-87 Microsoft agrees to make Office available for Apple Windows Version 2, IBM OS/2 released computers January-88 Next computer launched October-89 Meets Laurene Powell at Stamford Business School Microsoft Word 1 released January-90 Apple delivers Firewire on computers, Next Cube Windows Verion 3.0 computer released. Apple ports its operating system on the IBM PowerPC March-91 Steve Jobs marries Laurene Powell September-91 Reed Jobs is born June-92 Jony Ive joins apple as a designer, later designs IBM OS/2 Version 2.0, Microsoft Word 2 iMac, iPod and iPhone released, IBM ThinkPad released May-94 John Scully leaves Apple Microsoft Office 4.2, Word 6, Excel 5 and PowerPoint 6 August-95 Daughter Erin Jobs born to Lauren and Steve Jobs Peter retires from IBM and Joins EPRI November-95 Pixar/Disney release Toy Story Windows 95 and NT released June-97 Jobs is rehired as interim CEO (iCEO) at Apple, Next software brought into Apple July-97 Jobs asks board to resign and puts in a new board of directors for Apple July-97 Think Different ad released, Killed the Apple clones, reduced the number of products June-98 Daughter, Eve Jobs, born to Lauren and Steve Jobs May-98 iMac announced using Next technology, Mac OS X Windows 98 released November-99 Pixar and Disney release Toy Story 2 January-00 Steve Jobs becomes CEO of Apple Windows 2000 released January-01 iTunes announced Windows/XP released May-11 First Apple retail store opens in Tyson's Corner, VA October-01 iPod Announced October-03 Cancer in Steve Jobs Pancreas detected Launch of Microsoft Office July-04 Surgery to remove part of pancreas and tumor December-04 IBM sells PC Division to Lenovo June-05 Stanford University Commencement address June-05 Cook becomes COO of Apple June-06 Sells Pixar to Disney for $7.4 billion and Jobs becomes a Board member and largest stockholder of Disney December-06 Peter retires from EPRI. Windows/Vista Released. Peter buys Lenovo Laptop June-07 iPhone I Launched Windows/Vista, Office/2007 announced January-08 Cancer is spreading Office 2008 released June-08 Apple Mobile Me launched July-08 Apple App store started March-09 Steve Jobs has a Liver transplant Windows 7 launched, Peter converts his computers to Windows/7 January-10 iPad 1 Launched June-10 Reed Jobs graduates high school, iPhone 4 released Office 2011 Released February-11 iPad 2 Launched June-11 New Apple campus in Cupertino announced August-11 Steve Jobs resigns as CEO from Apple, but was still chairman of the board June-11 iPhone I Launched July-11 326 Apple Stores, 15% of Apple revenue, Revenue/Store=$34 million October-11 Steve Jobs passes away, iPhone 4s released 3 days Peter buys first Apple product, Apple later with iOS 5.0 iPhone 4s December-11 NYC Grand Central Apple Store Opens December-11 Apple Revenue $108 billion, Profit $26 billion, IBM Revenue $100 billion, Net Income Market Cap $370 billion, 60,400 employees $15 billion, Market Cap $214 billion, 425,000 employees Apple is bigger than IBM, bigger than Microsoft Revenue $68 billion, Net Microsoft+Lenovo Income $22 billion, Market Cap $218 billion, 90,000 employees Lenovo Revenue $21 billion, Profit $273 million, Market Cap $7 billion, 21,000 employees.
Recommended publications
  • Adobe Acrobat PDF File
    Christmas 1984: The Great Apple//c vs. PCjr Battle The Golden Age of Computer Sales surely must have been Christmas 1984. The Macintosh had just been released, Compaq and IBM offered powerful new CPUs, but the real action was a massive Christmas sales battle between the Apple//c and the IBM PCjr. I remember it well, I was working at ComputerLand in Los Angeles, and I was at the very center of the battle. The '84 christmas season would be an inversion of our usual high-end sales efforts. Professional computers from IBM and Compaq were too expensive for the seasonal retail market, and the Macintosh was too new and little software was available. ComputerLand was always intensely busy in December, handling christmas shoppers as well as large corporate customers who had to spend their budgets before December 31. Amidst all this flurry of year-end sales activity, Apple and IBM decided to fight it out in the low end consumer market. The Apple//c was a pretty darn good computer. It was inexpensive, with nice peripherals including a mouse, which had just made its debut on the Macintosh. The //c and the Mac casings were produced by Frog Design, so consumers got some of the cachet of the Mac even if they could only afford a //c. IBM's competition was a notorious flop, the PCjr. It had just been revamped, the "chiclet" keyboard was replaced with a better model, an inexpensive (but blurry) color monitor was standard. Microsoft produced a "sidecar" with extra memory and a Mouse, and bundled it with primitive apps like PCPaint and PFS:Write.
    [Show full text]
  • Searching for Cultural Roots in Mona Simpson's the Lost Father
    Advances in Language and Literary Studies ISSN: 2203-4714 www.alls.aiac.org.au Half Arab, Half American: Searching for Cultural Roots in Mona Simpson’s The Lost Father (1992) Riham Fouad Mohammed Ahmed* Department of English Language and Literature, Faculty of Arts, Aswan University, Egypt Corresponding Author: Riham Fouad Mohammed Ahmed, E-mail: [email protected] ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history This paper investigates the effect of being culturally hyphenated in the formation of identity as Received: September 14, 2018 represented in Mona Simpson’s The Lost Father (1992), in which the female protagonist is an Accepted: November 19, 2018 Arab-American who belongs ethnically to Arab culture and culturally to American one. Because Published: February 28, 2019 of the absence of her father, she knows nothing about her homeland (Egypt) and/or Arab culture. Volume: 10 Issue: 1 The protagonist has only slight and superficial image on Arabs derived from TV and her racist Advance access: January 2019 grandmother. This hazy background on Arabs makes her unable to identify her own cultural space, so she decides to travel to Egypt to make a journey of self-discovery. During her journey, she is disappointed in more ways; her father is not like what she thinks, and Egypt is not the best Conflicts of interest: None place for her. However, she, there, discovers her true self and searches for the true image of Arab Funding: None culture and traditions away from imposed American representations, stereotypes, and labels. Key words: Broken Families, Absence, Cultural Duality, Arab-American, Self-Discovery INTRODUCTION or being the other American in homeland and the other Arab I am not a foreigner with adventures to tell and I am not in America (Abdelrazik 2)? This creative space between two an American, distinctive cultural heritages or hyphenated identities is also I am one of the children with a strange name, who can- called “interstics,” or “third-space” (Bhabha 224).
    [Show full text]
  • Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women
    University of Kentucky UKnowledge Literature in English, North America English Language and Literature 1990 Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women Mickey Pearlman Katherine Usher Henderson Click here to let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Thanks to the University of Kentucky Libraries and the University Press of Kentucky, this book is freely available to current faculty, students, and staff at the University of Kentucky. Find other University of Kentucky Books at uknowledge.uky.edu/upk. For more information, please contact UKnowledge at [email protected]. Recommended Citation Pearlman, Mickey and Henderson, Katherine Usher, "Inter/View: Talks with America's Writing Women" (1990). Literature in English, North America. 56. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/upk_english_language_and_literature_north_america/56 Inter/View Inter/View Talks with America's Writing Women Mickey Pearlman and Katherine Usher Henderson THE UNIVERSITY PRESS OF KENTUCKY PHOTO CREDITS: M.A. Armstrong (Alice McDermott), Jerry Bauer (Kate Braverman, Louise Erdrich, Gail Godwin, Josephine Humphreys), Brian Berman (Joyce Carol Oates), Nancy Cramp- ton (Laurie Colwin), Donna DeCesare (Gloria Naylor), Robert Foothorap (Amy Tan), Paul Fraughton (Francine Prose), Alvah Henderson (Janet Lewis), Marv Hoffman (Rosellen Brown), Doug Kirkland (Carolyn See), Carol Lazar (Shirley Ann Grau), Eric Lindbloom (Nancy Willard), Neil Schaeffer (Susan Fromberg Schaeffer), Gayle Shomer (Alison Lurie), Thomas Victor (Harriet Doerr, Diane Johnson, Anne Lamott, Carole
    [Show full text]
  • Racore Companions™ Drive Two Plus (Model 1500/1501) Installation Instructions
    Racore Companions™ Drive Two Plus (Model 1500/1501) Installation Instructions If your IBM PCjr has not been set up at this time, do so before installing this product. This carton contains the following: • Top Assembly with Diskette Drive and Power Supply. • Side Board Assembly. • Transformer with power cords. • Racore Diskette Drive Signal Cable. • Racore Software Diskette and Documentation. If Model 1501 • DMA floppy Controller Board and Cable. If any item is missing or damaged, notify place of purchase. Racore Computer IBM, IBM PC, and IBM PCjr are regIstered trademarks of Products, Inc. International Business Machine Corporation Hacore and Hacore CompanIOns are trademarks of Corporate OffIce Racore Computer Products, Inc. 170 Knowles Dr. Los Gatos CA 95030 e 1985 Racore Computer Products, Inc. Federal Communications Commission Radio :Frequency Interference Statement Warning: This equipment has been certified to comply with the limits for a Class B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J of Part IS of FCC Rules. Only peripherals (computer input/ output devices, terminals, printers, etc.) certified to comply with Class B limits may be attached to this device. Operation with non-certified peripherals is likely to result in interference to radio and TV reception. Instruction to User This equipment generates and uses radio frequency energy. If not installed and used properly in strict accordance with the operating instructions, it may cause interference to radio and television reception. It has been tested and complies with the limits for a Class B computing device, pursuant to Subpart J of Part IS of FCC Rules to provide reasonable protection against such interference when operating in a residential installation.
    [Show full text]
  • Die Meilensteine Der Computer-, Elek
    Das Poster der digitalen Evolution – Die Meilensteine der Computer-, Elektronik- und Telekommunikations-Geschichte bis 1977 1977 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 und ... Von den Anfängen bis zu den Geburtswehen des PCs PC-Geburt Evolution einer neuen Industrie Business-Start PC-Etablierungsphase Benutzerfreundlichkeit wird gross geschrieben Durchbruch in der Geschäftswelt Das Zeitalter der Fensterdarstellung Online-Zeitalter Internet-Hype Wireless-Zeitalter Web 2.0/Start Cloud Computing Start des Tablet-Zeitalters AI (CC, Deep- und Machine-Learning), Internet der Dinge (IoT) und Augmented Reality (AR) Zukunftsvisionen Phasen aber A. Bowyer Cloud Wichtig Zählhilfsmittel der Frühzeit Logarithmische Rechenhilfsmittel Einzelanfertigungen von Rechenmaschinen Start der EDV Die 2. Computergeneration setzte ab 1955 auf die revolutionäre Transistor-Technik Der PC kommt Jobs mel- All-in-One- NAS-Konzept OLPC-Projekt: Dass Computer und Bausteine immer kleiner, det sich Konzepte Start der entwickelt Computing für die AI- schneller, billiger und energieoptimierter werden, Hardware Hände und Finger sind die ersten Wichtige "PC-Vorläufer" finden wir mit dem werden Massenpro- den ersten Akzeptanz: ist bekannt. Bei diesen Visionen geht es um die Symbole für die Mengendarstel- schon sehr früh bei Lernsystemen. iMac und inter- duktion des Open Source Unterstüt- möglichen zukünftigen Anwendungen, die mit 3D-Drucker zung und lung. Ägyptische Illustration des Beispiele sind: Berkley Enterprice mit neuem essant: XO-1-Laptops: neuen Technologien und Konzepte ermöglicht Veriton RepRap nicht Ersatz werden.
    [Show full text]
  • Related Links History of the Radio Shack Computers
    Home Page Links Search About Buy/Sell! Timeline: Show Images Radio Shack TRS-80 Model II 1970 Datapoint 2200 Catalog: 26-4002 1971 Kenbak-1 Announced: May 1979 1972 HP-9830A Released: October 1979 Micral Price: $3450 (32K RAM) 1973 Scelbi-8H $3899 (64K RAM) 1974 Mark-8 CPU: Zilog Z-80A, 4 MHz MITS Altair 8800 RAM: 32K, 64K SwTPC 6800 Ports: Two serial ports 1975 Sphere One parallel port IMSAI 8080 IBM 5100 Display: Built-in 12" monochrome monitor MOS KIM-1 40 X 24 or 80 X 24 text. Sol-20 Storage: One 500K 8-inch built-in floppy drive. Hewlett-Packard 9825 External Expansion w/ 3 floppy bays. PolyMorphic OS: TRS-DOS, BASIC. 1976 Cromemco Z-1 Apple I The Digital Group Rockwell AIM 65 Compucolor 8001 ELF, SuperELF Wameco QM-1A Vector Graphic Vector-1 RCA COSMAC VIP Apple II 1977 Commodore PET Radio Shack TRS-80 Atari VCS (2600) NorthStar Horizon Heathkit H8 Intel MCS-85 Heathkit H11 Bally Home Library Computer Netronics ELF II IBM 5110 VideoBrain Family Computer The TRS-80 Model II microcomputer system, designed and manufactured by Radio Shack in Fort Worth, TX, was not intended to replace or obsolete Compucolor II the Model I, it was designed to take up where the Model I left off - a machine with increased capacity and speed in every respect, targeted directly at the Exidy Sorcerer small-business application market. Ohio Scientific 1978 Superboard II Synertek SYM-1 The Model II contains a single-sided full-height Shugart 8-inch floppy drive, which holds 500K bytes of data, compared to only 87K bytes on the 5-1/4 Interact Model One inch drives of the Model I.
    [Show full text]
  • The Apple Macintosh Computer, February 1984, BYTE Magazine
    The Apple Macintosh Computer Mouse-window-desktop technology arrives for under $2500 by Gregg Williams Apple established itself as one of strengthened that reputation with a The Macintosh arrives, finally, after the leading innovators in personal new machine, the Macintosh (above). a history of colorful rumors. It will computing technology a year ago by In terms of technological sophistica­ cost from $1995 to $2495, weighs 22.7 introducing the Lisa, a synthesis and tion and probable effect on the mar­ pounds, and improves on the mouse­ extension of human-interface tech­ ketplace, the Macintosh will outdis­ window-desktop technology started nology that has since been widely tance the Lisa as much as the Lisa by the impressive but expensive Lisa imitated. Now the company has has outdistanced its predecessors. computer. A system with printer and 30 February 1984 © BYTE Ptiblications Inc. second disk drive costs about $900 corner are selections for the current commercial product: the graphics/ more, but even at that price, the line width. By selecting the "open mouse orientation, the desktop meta­ Macintosh is worth waiting for. oval" tool and the thickest line width, phor, the data-as-concrete-object we can draw empty ovals with thick metaphor, and the shared user inter­ The Macintosh at Work borders (figure Id). By selecting the face between programs. The Mac has Before we look at the Macintosh (or "paint bucket" tool and the "diagonal inherited these concepts; for further Mac) in more detail, let's look at how bricks" pattern, we can fill the oval details on them, see my article, "The it works.
    [Show full text]
  • The Apple Macintosh Computer
    The Apple Macintosh Computer Mouse-window-desktop technology arrives for under $2500 by Gregg Williams Apple established itself as one of strengthened that reputation with a The Macintosh arrives, finally, after the leading innovators in personal new machine, the Macintosh (above). a history of colorful rumors. It will computing technology a year ago by In terms of technological sophistica- cost from $1995 to $2495, weighs 22.7 introducing the Lisa, a synthesis and tion and probable effect on the mar- pounds, and improves on the mouse- extension of human-interface tech- ketplace, the Macintosh will outdis- window-desktop technology started nology that has since been widely tance the Lisa as much as the Lisa by the impressive but expensive Lisa imitated. Now the company has has outdistanced its predecessors. computer. A system with printer and 30 February 1984 C BYTE Publications Inc. second disk drive costs about $900 corner are selections for the current commercial product: the graphics/ more, but even at that price, the line width. By selecting the "open mouse orientation, the desktop meta- Macintosh is worth waiting for. oval" tool and the thickest line width, phor, the data-as-concrete-object we can draw empty ovals with thick metaphor, and the shared user inter- The Macintosh at Work borders (figure 1d). By selecting the face between programs. The Mac has Before we look at the Macintosh (or "paint bucket" tool and the "diagonal inherited these concepts; for further Mac) in more detail, lets look at how bricks" pattern, we can fill the oval details on them, see my article, "The it works.
    [Show full text]
  • Compute Jul 1985
    Amazing Online Databases: Instant Information J~1 ·:s 1985 Issue 62 Vol. 7, No. 7 I $3.75 Canada ;a.. 02193 - Ill ISSN 0194-357 X The Leading Magazine Of Home, Educational, And Recreational Computing Softball Statistics: Is Your Team As Good As You Think? Ready-To-Run Programs Inside For Commodore 64, VIC, Atari, IBM PC, PCjr, Apple, Tl Extended Color Mode For Commodore Computers Atari LIST Ser An Easier W Edit BASIC Viewpo In IBM 11\SIC How To Open Windows On Your PC 8J PCjr For SpeedScript 3.0 Word Processor 07 0 The OKIMATE COLOR The first affordable "color screen print" program on diskette. color printers! Now you're set. The new OKIMATE Personal Color Just plug your new OKIMATE Printers are breaking through in flying Printer into your computer colors. They're the first low cost personal with the PLUG 'N PRINT printers that let you print in rainbows of package*. And print. dazzling colors. It's that easy. In Now your computer can take on new minutes you'll meaning. Because the OKIMATE Printers be printing can bring the information on your screen everything from to life. In brilliant colors. And for very financial reports little green. to souffle recipes. Fully equipped for reading, Home budgets to writing and 'rithmetic. original drawings. In The OKIMATE word processing capability rainbows of brilliant delivers crisp. clean business letters. term colors. papers. finan­ Built and backed by ca1. Lightweigh t. Cial repOrtS and the reliability leader. !:X. versatile : homework. So The new OKIMATE Personal Printers are draft quality and 40 cps now you can the latest example of Okidata's technolog­ print in min- ical craftsmanship.
    [Show full text]
  • 1 Kenbak-1 First Commercially Assembled Personal Computer
    Jennifer Pondo 1 Digital Preservation Fall 2007 1971 Kenbak-1 First commercially assembled personal computer. Small and large integrated circuits Memory capacity of 256 bytes switches for input/ lights for output1 limited input/output capabilities2 1972 1973 MCM-70 Intel 8008 processor 2 kB RAM, 14kB ROM cassette drive3 1974 Altair 8800 2 MHz Intel 8080 microprocessor Memory 256 bytes expandable to 64kB open 100line bus structure4 Space for 18 cards5 1975 BASIC Originally designed for the Altair computer. Required 6k of memory Other versions were created at 4k, 8k, and 12k The software was licensed to MITS and Microsoft received royalties on the sale of each computer with the Operating System installed. (Many versions of BASIC were written since it worked as na interpreter and therefore had to change depending on the hardware and the original language. Other interpreters were written after BASIC for the programming languages COBOL, FORTRAN, PASCAL. It was originally written to work with the CP/M system but versions were 1 http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/ ; (page accessed in November and December of 2007) 2 A History of the Personal Computer, Roy A. Allan, Allan Publishing London, 2001. pg. AA/7 3 Chronology of Personal Computers http://www.islandnet.com/~kpolsson/comphist/index.htm ; (page accessed in November and December of 2007) 4 http://www.computerhistory.org/timeline/ ; (page accessed in November and December of 2007) 5 A History of the Personal Computer, Roy A. Allan, Allan Publishing London, 2001. pg. AA/7 Jennifer Pondo 2 Digital Preservation Fall 2007 written to work with other systems as well.
    [Show full text]
  • Anglophone Arab Or Diasporic? the Arab Novel in Australia, Britain, Canada, the United States of America
    Commonwealth Essays and Studies 39.2 | 2017 Anglo-Arab Literatures Anglophone Arab or Diasporic? The Arab Novel in Australia, Britain, Canada, the United States of America Jumana Bayeh Electronic version URL: https://journals.openedition.org/ces/4593 DOI: 10.4000/ces.4593 ISSN: 2534-6695 Publisher SEPC (Société d’études des pays du Commonwealth) Printed version Date of publication: 1 April 2017 Number of pages: 27-37 ISSN: 2270-0633 Electronic reference Jumana Bayeh, “Anglophone Arab or Diasporic? The Arab Novel in Australia, Britain, Canada, the United States of America”, Commonwealth Essays and Studies [Online], 39.2 | 2017, Online since 03 April 2021, connection on 04 June 2021. URL: http://journals.openedition.org/ces/4593 ; DOI: https:// doi.org/10.4000/ces.4593 Commonwealth Essays and Studies is licensed under a Licence Creative Commons Attribution - Pas d'Utilisation Commerciale - Pas de Modification 4.0 International. Anglophone Arab or Diasporic? The Arab Novel in Australia, Britain, Canada, the United States of America1 This essay examines Arab literature written in English. It provides an overview of the recent but burgeoning critical studies of this field, and assesses the widely used labels of “Anglophone Arab” or “Anglo-Arab” in these studies. It highlights the limitations of this “Anglophone Arab” designation and suggests that the critical concept of “diaspora” be applied to this writing to overcome, even if partially, some of these limitations. In his critical introduction to The Edinburgh Companion to the Arab Novel in English (2014), Nouri Gana suggests that the question of national or ethnic identity is a signi- ficant burden that weighs upon underlies Arab writing in English.
    [Show full text]
  • IBM Pcjr the Easy One for Everyone
    IBM PCjr The easy one for everyone Junior: A vely personal computer Manage your finances with Junior. display screen into an income and expense statement, checkbook register, home finance journal, or almost any other worksheet-type document that uses a column-and-row format. You can categorize income and expenses into individual accounts for easy derence. Set up charge and savings accounts as well as expense accounts for food, rent or mortgage, utilities, travel, auto maintenance, entertain- ment, and more. Together, you and the IBM PCjr can devise a financial plan to balance your budget. For example, you can allot specified amoufits hr each expense account you create, and Junior can help you monitor them throughout the month and indicate if youke gone over budget. And while you're keeping a close eye on your expenses, keep yourself prepared for income tax time, too. You can record taxdeductible ex- penses at the time they are incurred, then call up a report whenever you need it. You can also broaden your financial horizons. With the optional internal modem- a compact elecmnic device that lets your computer com- municate over standard phone lines-that was specifically designed to fit neatly inside the IBM PCP System Unit, you can link Junior to the When you sit down to sort through your massive information resources of various com- finances, make it a point to have Junior with mercial data bases. Track the performance of you. Junior will show you that you don't need your investments-stocks, bonds and Treasury accounting or bookkeeping experience to realize issues-and receive other up-to-the-minute Dow how much more easily and accurately you can Jones* data with a single phone call.
    [Show full text]