DOCSLIB.ORG

This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
This Article Appeared in a Journal Published by Elsevier. the Attached This article appeared in a journal published by Elsevier. The attached copy is furnished to the author for internal non-commercial research and education use, including for instruction at the authors institution and sharing with colleagues. Other uses, including reproduction and distribution, or selling or licensing copies, or posting to personal, institutional or third party websites are prohibited. In most cases authors are permitted to post their version of the article (e.g. in Word or Tex form) to their personal website or institutional repository. Authors requiring further information regarding Elsevier’s archiving and manuscript policies are encouraged to visit: http://www.elsevier.com/copyright Author's personal copy Cretaceous Research 32 (2011) 135e142 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Cretaceous Research journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/CretRes A reassessment of large theropod dinosaur tracks from the mid-Cretaceous (late AlbianeCenomanian) Winton Formation of Lark Quarry, central-western Queensland, Australia: A case for mistaken identity Anthony Romilio a,*, Steven W. Salisbury a,b a School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld 4072, Australia b Vertebrate Paleontology Section, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-4080, USA article info abstract Article history: Multivariate analysis is used to differentiate shape variations between ichnites of theropod and Received 9 June 2010 ornithopod dinosaurs. Tracks of an alleged theropod cf. Tyrannosauropus from the mid-Cretaceous (late Accepted in revised form 10 November 2010 AlbianeCenomanian) Winton Formation of Lark Quarry, central-western Queensland, Australia were Available online 22 November 2010 examined and foot shape ratios calculated. Multivariate analysis of these shape variables indicates this track-maker was an ornithopod dinosaur. A strong morphological similarity exists between the Lark Keywords: Quarry ichnites and those of the iguanodontian ichnotaxon Amblydactylus gethingi. Considering the grade Ichnology of ornithopod this ichnogenus is thought to represent (a non-hadrosaurid styracosternan) and the age Dinosaur tracks Winton Formation and geography of Lark Quarry, we suggest that the track-maker may have been a dinosaur similar to Cretaceous Muttaburrasaurus langdoni. Australia Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction appear quite similar with both possessing feet that are functionally tridactyl with mesaxonic toe symmetry (Thulborn, 1994; Fastovsky A primary goal within the study of ichnology is to determine the and Smith, 2004; Lockley, 2009). General criteria exist to help identity of the trace-maker. Trace fossils in the form of tracks differentiate ‘typical’ ornithopod and theropod dinosaur tracks produced by tetrapods can provide a wealth of information on foot (Mateus and Milan, 2008), but within each clade occur wide range morphology (Thulborn, 1990; Irby, 1995; Lockley et al., 2006b), of morphological variation, and the morphological similarity body posture (Gierlinski, 1994; Moratalla et al., 1994; Wilson and between clades can make identification difficult. Carrano, 1999; Milner et al., 2009), locomotor ability (Alexander, The Dinosaur Stampede National Monument (Australian Natural 1976; Thulborn and Wade, 1989; Moratalla et al., 1994; Gatesy et Heritage List, Place ID 105664) at Lark Quarry Conservation Park, al., 1999; Mazzetta and Blanco, 2001; Day et al., 2002; Dalman, 95 km south-west of Winton, central-western Queensland, 2006; Ezqerra et al., 2007), sociality (Lockley and Matsukawa, Australia, captures the movements of dozens of dinosaurs and 1999; Barco et al., 2006; Lockley et al., 2006a), preferential envi- contains thousands of individual footprints (Thulborn and Wade, ronments (Lockley, 1991) as well as stratigraphic and geographic 1979, 1984). The tracks, which are preserved in silt- to very fine faunal diversity (Melchor et al., 2002; Matsukawa et al., 2005; sandstone of the mid-Cretaceous (late AlbianeCenomanian, Win- Moreno and Benton, 2005; Paik et al., 2006; Mateus and Milan, ton Formation), have been interpreted as preserving the apparent 2008). The morphology of dinosaur footprints usually reflect the pursuit of a mixed herd of small-bodied dinosaurs by an Allosaurus- often unique characteristics of the track-maker’s foot skeleton (toe sized theropod dinosaur. These accounts have led to the popular number and symmetry, footprint length to width ratios; Lockley, concept of the moment of a dinosaur ‘stampede’ captured in time 1991; Carrano and Wilson, 2001), and so identifying the prints (Molnar, 1991; Rich and Vickers-Rich, 2003). In their account of the made by dinosaurs such as sauropods, stegosaurs and ceratopsians Lark Quarry trackways, Thulborn and Wade (1984) recognised can be done relatively easily. Challenges may arise in distinguishing three ichnotaxa: Wintonopus latomorum (attributed to a small- tracks of bipedal theropod and ornithopod dinosaurs. These can bodied ornithopod), Skartopus australis (attributed to a small- bodied theropod) and cf. Tyrannosauropus (attributed to a likely large-bodied theropod). * Corresponding author. Tel.: þ61 7 33658548; fax: þ61 7 33651655. A central aspect to the Lark Quarry dinosaur stampede scenario E-mail address: [email protected] (A. Romilio). is the identification of the large tridactyl trackway ( Fig. 1) as the 0195-6671/$ e see front matter Ó 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2010.11.003 Author's personal copy 136 A. Romilio, S.W. Salisbury / Cretaceous Research 32 (2011) 135e142 predatory protagonist. Thulborn and Wade (1984) originally referred these tracks to cf. Tyrannosauropus sensu Haubold (1971), considering them to be “closer in appearance to Tyrannosauropus than to any other form of carnosaur footprint so far described” (Thulborn and Wade, 1984, p 420). As with many tridactyl dinosaur ichnotaxa, Tyrannosauropus has a checkered history. Lessertisseur (1955, p. 116) proposed that the name Tyrannosauripus (spelt with an ‘i’) could be used for tracks purportedly made by Tyran- nosaurus rex and illustrated by Peterson (1924), themselves based on multiple poorly described specimens from several localities and horizons in coal mines in the Campanian Mesa Verde Formation, Utah (Carpenter, 1992). Lessertisseur (1955) did not assign the name to any particular ichnite from Peterson’s (1924) publication, and the ichnotaxon has consequently been placed in nomen dubium (Lockley and Hunt, 1994). With this name now available, Tyranno- sauripus was adopted by Lockley and Hunt (1994) who assigned it to a large track specimen from the Upper Cretaceous Raton Formation, New Mexico. Tyrannosauropus petersoni (spelt with an ‘o’) was erected by Haubold (1971) for unspecified tracks illustrated in Peterson (1924). The majority of these tracks are now considered to be attributable to a hadrosaurid ornithopod (Brown, 1938; Carpenter, 1992; Lockley and Hunt, 1994; Manning, 2008). Given that the Lark Quarry tracks were compared to this ichnogenus by Thulborn and Wade (1979, 1984), it therefore follows that they may also have been made by an ornithopod. On at least three occasions since their discovery it has been suggested that the Lark Quarry cf. Tyranno- sauropus tracks were made by an ornithopod (Norman p. 421 cited in Thulborn and Wade, 1984; Paul, 1988; Lockley and Hunt, 1994), but none of these claims has been substantiated by detailed anal- Fig. 1. Amblydactylus cf. A. gethingi, Winton Formation, Lark Quarry, central-western ysis. The confusion surrounding Tyrannosauropus tracks, both at Ó Queensland; tracks 3e7 (cast). Photograph Queensland Museum, Bruce Cowell. Lark Quarry and elsewhere highlights the difficulties associated Fig. 2. Amblydactylus cf. A. gethingi, Winton Formation, Lark Quarry, central-western Queensland; outlines of tracks 1e11 from Thulborn and Wade (1984); tracks 4* and 5* from Ó Thulborn and Wade (1979). Photographs of tracks 4** and 5** Queensland Museum. Author's personal copy A. Romilio, S.W. Salisbury / Cretaceous Research 32 (2011) 135e142 137 Table 1 Parameters used to discriminate between theropod and ornithopod tracks. Track parameters, threshold values and percentage theropod/ornithopod probability. Adapted from Moratalla et al. (1988) and Mateus and Milan (2008). See Fig. 3B and Materials and methods for explanations of track parameters. Track Parameters Threshold values and probability that the track is either theropod or ornithopod Average for tracks 1e11 (Thulborn and Wade, 1984) L/W 80.0% Theropod > 1.25 > Ornithopod 88.2% 0.99 L/K 70.5% Theropod > 2.00 > Ornithopod 88.0% 1.58 L/M 65.0% Theropod > 2.00 > Ornithopod 90.7% 1.64 BL2/WM2 76.1% Theropod > 2.00 > Ornithopod 97.7% 0.87 BL4/WM4 76.1% Theropod > 2.00 > Ornithopod 97.7% 0.92 BL3/WM3 72.7% Theropod > 2.20 > Ornithopod 97.7% 1.67 L2/WB2 84.6% Theropod > 3.75 > Ornithopod 90.2% 2.77 L4/WB4 73.7% Theropod > 3.75 > Ornithopod 93.4% 2.70 L3/WB3 70.6% Theropod > 4.00 > Ornithopod 91.5% 2.11 with discerning the track-maker identity of tridactyl dinosaur 4 and 5 as figured by Thulborn and Wade (1979), and photographs prints. and casts of these same two tracks in the collections of the Here we apply the multivariate analysis used by Moratalla et al. Queensland Museum. (1988) and Mateus and Milan (2008) to discriminate between We considered it prudent to collect new data from the Lark theropod and ornithopod tracks to reassess the identity of the Lark Quarry tracksite and cast
Load more

Recommended publications
  • JVP 26(3) September 2006—ABSTRACTS
    Neoceti Symposium, Saturday 8:45 acid-prepared osteolepiforms Medoevia and Gogonasus has offered strong support for BODY SIZE AND CRYPTIC TROPHIC SEPARATION OF GENERALIZED Jarvik’s interpretation, but Eusthenopteron itself has not been reexamined in detail. PIERCE-FEEDING CETACEANS: THE ROLE OF FEEDING DIVERSITY DUR- Uncertainty has persisted about the relationship between the large endoskeletal “fenestra ING THE RISE OF THE NEOCETI endochoanalis” and the apparently much smaller choana, and about the occlusion of upper ADAM, Peter, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA; JETT, Kristin, Univ. of and lower jaw fangs relative to the choana. California, Davis, Davis, CA; OLSON, Joshua, Univ. of California, Los Angeles, Los A CT scan investigation of a large skull of Eusthenopteron, carried out in collaboration Angeles, CA with University of Texas and Parc de Miguasha, offers an opportunity to image and digital- Marine mammals with homodont dentition and relatively little specialization of the feeding ly “dissect” a complete three-dimensional snout region. We find that a choana is indeed apparatus are often categorized as generalist eaters of squid and fish. However, analyses of present, somewhat narrower but otherwise similar to that described by Jarvik. It does not many modern ecosystems reveal the importance of body size in determining trophic parti- receive the anterior coronoid fang, which bites mesial to the edge of the dermopalatine and tioning and diversity among predators. We established relationships between body sizes of is received by a pit in that bone. The fenestra endochoanalis is partly floored by the vomer extant cetaceans and their prey in order to infer prey size and potential trophic separation of and the dermopalatine, restricting the choana to the lateral part of the fenestra.
    [Show full text]
  • Stegosaurian Footprints from the Morrison Formation of Utah and Their Implications for Interpreting Other Ornithischian Tracks Gerard D
    Stegosaurian footprints from the Morrison Formation of Utah and their implications for interpreting other ornithischian tracks Gerard D. Gierliński and Karol Sabath Polish Geological Institute, Rakowiecka 4, 00-975 Warsaw, Poland. e-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT - The supposed stegosaurian track Deltapodus Whyte & Romano, 1994 (Middle Jurassic of England) is sauro- pod-like, elongate and plantigrade, but many blunt-toed, digitigrade, large ornithopod-like footprints (including pedal print cast associated with the manus of Stegopodus Lockley & Hunt, 1998) from the Upper Jurassic of Utah, better fit the stego- saurian foot pattern. The Morrison Formation of Utah yielded other tracks fitting the dryomorph (camptosaur) foot pattern (Dinehichnus Lockley et al., 1998) much better than Stegopodus. If the Stegopodus pedal specimen (we propose to shift the emphasis from the manus to the pes in the revised diagnosis of this ichnotaxon) and similar ichnites are proper stegosaur foot- prints, Deltapodus must have been left by another thyreophoran trackmaker. Other Deltapodus-like (possibly ankylosaurian) tracks include Navahopus Baird,1980 and Apulosauripus Nicosia et al., 1999. Heel-dominated, short-toed forms within the Navahopus-Deltapodus-Apulosauripus plexus differ from the gracile, relatively long-toed Tetrapodosaurus Sternberg, 1932, traditionally regarded as an ankylosaurian track. Thus, the original interpretation of the latter as a ceratopsian track might be correct, supporting early (Aptian) appearance of ceratopsians in North America. Isolated pedal ichnites from the Morrison Formation (with a single tentatively associated manus print, and another one from Poland) and the only known trackways with similar footprints (Upper Jurassic of Asturias, Spain) imply bipedal gait of their trackmakers. Thus, problems with stegosaur tracks possibly stem from the expectation of their quadrupedality.
    [Show full text]
  • The Early Jurassic Ornithischian Dinosaurian Ichnogenus Anomoepus
    19 The Early Jurassic Ornithischian Dinosaurian Ichnogenus Anomoepus Paul E. Olsen and Emma C. Rainforth nomoepus is an Early Jurassic footprint genus and 19.2). Because skeletons of dinosaur feet were not produced by a relatively small, gracile orni- known at the time, he naturally attributed the foot- A thischian dinosaur. It has a pentadactyl ma- prints to birds. By 1848, however, he recognized that nus and a tetradactyl pes, but only three pedal digits some of the birdlike tracks were associated with im- normally impressed while the animal was walking. The pressions of five-fingered manus, and he gave the name ichnogenus is diagnosed by having the metatarsal- Anomoepus, meaning “unlike foot,” to these birdlike phalangeal pad of digit IV of the pes lying nearly in line with the axis of pedal digit III in walking traces, in combination with a pentadactyl manus. It has a pro- portionally shorter digit III than grallatorid (theropod) tracks, but based on osteometric analysis, Anomoepus, like grallatorids, shows a relatively shorter digit III in larger specimens. Anomoepus is characteristically bi- pedal, but there are quadrupedal trackways and less common sitting traces. The ichnogenus is known from eastern and western North America, Europe, and southern Africa. On the basis of a detailed review of classic and new material, we recognize only the type ichnospecies Anomoepus scambus within eastern North America. Anomoepus is known from many hundreds of specimens, some with remarkable preservation, showing many hitherto unrecognized details of squa- mation and behavior. . Pangea at approximately 200 Ma, showing the In 1836, Edward Hitchcock described the first of what areas producing Anomoepus discussed in this chapter: 1, Newark we now recognize as dinosaur tracks from Early Juras- Supergroup, eastern North America; 2, Karoo basin; 3, Poland; sic Newark Supergroup rift strata of the Connecticut 4, Colorado Plateau.
    [Show full text]
  • The Dinosaurs of North America
    FEOM THE SIXTEENTH ANNUAL KEPOKT OF THE U. S, GEOLOGICAL SURVEY THE DINOSAURS OF NORTH AMERICA OTHNIEL CHARLES MARSH TALE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON 1896 ^33/^, I/BRAKt 4 ,\ . THE DINOSAURS OF NORTH AMERICA. BY OTHNIEL CHARLES MARSH. 133 CONTENTS. Pajje. Introduction 143 Part I. —Triassic dinosaurs 146 Theropoda 146 Anchisaurida? 147 Anchisaurus 147 The skull 148 The fore limbs 149 The hind limbs 149 Anchisaurus solus 149 Amniosaurus rTT 150 Eestoration of Anchisaurus 150 Dinosaurian footprints 151 Distribution of Triassic dinosaurs 152 Part II. —Jurassic dinosaurs 152 Theropoda : 153 Hallopus 153 Fore and hind limbs 154 Coelurus _ 155 The vertebra:- 155 The hind limbs 156 Ceratosaurus 156 The skull 157 The brain 159 The lower iaws 159 The vertebra: 159 The scapular arch 160 The pelvic arch 160 The metatarsals 162 Eestoration of Ceratosaurus 163 Allosaurus 163 European Theropoda 163 Sauropoda 164 Atlantosaurus beds 164 Families of Sauropoda 165 Atlantosauridie 166 Atlantosaurus 166 Apatosaurus 166 The sacral cavity 166 The vertebra- 167 Brontosaurus 168 The scapular arch 168 The cervical vertebra.- 169 The dorsal vertebree 169 The sacrum 170 The caudal vertebra- 171 The pelric arch 172 The fore limbs 173 The hind limbs 173 135 136 CONTENTS. Part II. —Jurassic dinosaurs—Continued. Page. Sauropoda—Continued. Atlantosaurida? —Continued. Restoration of Brontosaurus 173 Barnsaurus 174 Diplodoeida? 175 Diplodocus 175 The skull 175 The brain 178 The lower jaws 178 The teeth 179 The vertebra; 180 The sternal bones 180 The pelvic girdle 180 Size and habits 180 Morosaurida? 181 Morosaurus 181 The skull 181 The vertebra? 181 The fore limbs 182 The pelvis 182 The hind limbs 183 Pleuroccelida? : 183 Pleurocoelus 183 The skull 183 The vertebras 183 Distribution of the Sauropoda 185 Comparison with European forms 185 Predentata ».
    [Show full text]
  • Jahresbericht 2010 Der Generaldirektion Der Staatlichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Sammlungen Bayerns Herausgegeben Von: Prof
    Jahresbericht 2010 der Generaldirektion der Staatlichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Sammlungen Bayerns Herausgegeben von: Prof. Dr. Gerhard Haszprunar, Generaldirektor Generaldirektion der Staatlichen Naturwissenschaftlichen Sammlungen Bayerns (SNSB) Menzinger Straße 71, 80638 München München November 2010 Zusammenstellung und Endredaktion: Dr. Eva Maria Natzer (Generaldirektion) Unterstützung durch: Maria-Luise Kaim (Generaldirektion) Iris Krumböck (Generaldirektion) Susanne Legat (Generaldirektion) Druck: Digitaldruckzentrum, Amalienstrasse, München Inhaltsverzeichnis Bericht des Generaldirektors ...................................................................................................5 Wissenschaftliche Publikationen ................................................................................................6 Drittmittelübersicht ...................................................................................................................37 Organigramm ............................................................................................................................49 Generaldirektion .....................................................................................................................50 Personalvertretung ....................................................................................................................52 Museen Museum Mensch und Natur (MMN) ........................................................................................53 Museum Reich der Kristalle (MRK) ........................................................................................59
    [Show full text]
  • 80489,,,NATUR,21404.Pdf
    Geo Alp A new yearly journal devoted to · Alpine geology Neue Jahreszeitschrift zur AI pe·ngeolog ie La nuova rivista per Ia Geologia delle AI pi Geo.Aip Redaktionskomitee: Rainer Brandner, lnnsbruck, Diethard Sanders, lnnsbruck, Volkmar Mair, Bozen, Benno Baumgarten, Naturmuseum Bozen Technische Redaktion/Layout: Monika Tessadri-Wackerle Herausgeber, EigentUmer und Verleger: lnstitut fur Geologie und PaHiontologie, Universitat lnnsbruck, Naturmuseum Bozen Chefredakteur Geo.Aip 2: Karl Krainer Referentlnnen dieser Nummer: M. Breda, Padova; H. Kerp, Munster; T. Kotsakis, Roma; S.G. Lucas, Albuquerque; D. Nagel, Vienna; Chr. Rupp, Vienna B. Sala, Ferrara; R. Sardella, Roma; G. Tichy, Salzburg Erscheinungsweise und Bezug: Geo.Aip erscheint einmal jahrlich und kann bei beiden herausgebenden lnstitutionen im Abonnement oder einzeln bezogen werden : lnstitut fUr Geologie und Palaontologie, lnnrain 52, A-6020 lnnsbruck, Austria Naturmuseum SUdtiroi/Museo Scienze Naturali Alto Adige, Bindergasse/via Bottai 1, 1-39100 Bozen/Bolzano, Italy © lnstitut fUr Geologie and jlalaontologie, Universitat lnnsbruck; Naturmuseum SUdtiroi/Museo Scienze Naturali Alto Adige Genehmigung des Landesgerichts Bozen Nr. 12/2004 vim 05/11/2004 Verantwortli~;:her Direktor: Dr. Vito lingerie ISSN 1824-7741 Umschlagbild: Monika Tessadri-Wackerle, verwendete Abbildung von Evely Kustatscher Druck: Walser Druck KG F Geo.Aip In halt Herbert Scholz, Karl-Heinz Bestle & Sebastian Willerich: Ouartargeologische Untersuchungen im Oberetsch Beitrage zu ,Giornate della Paleontologia der Societa Paleontologica ltaliana 2004", 20-23. Mai 2004: Raffaele Sardella, Claudia Bedetti, Luca Bellucci, Nicoletta Conti, Danilo Coppola, Emmanuele Di Canzio, Marco Pavia, Carmela Petronio, Mauro Petrucci & Leonardo Salari: The Late Pleistocene vertebrate fauna from Avetrana (Taranto, Apulia, Southern Italy): preliminary report............. 25 Evelyn Kustatscher & Johanna H.A.
    [Show full text]
  • Paleontology of the Bears Ears National Monument
    Paleontology of Bears Ears National Monument (Utah, USA): history of exploration, study, and designation 1,2 3 4 5 Jessica Uglesich ,​ Robert J. Gay *,​ M. Allison Stegner ,​ Adam K. Huttenlocker ,​ Randall B. ​ ​ ​ ​ Irmis6 ​ 1 Friends​ of Cedar Mesa, Bluff, Utah 84512 U.S.A. 2 University​ of Texas at San Antonio, Department of Geosciences, San Antonio, Texas 78249 U.S.A. 3 Colorado​ Canyons Association, Grand Junction, Colorado 81501 U.S.A. 4 Department​ of Integrative Biology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706 U.S.A. 5 University​ of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90007 U.S.A. 6 Natural​ History Museum of Utah and Department of Geology & Geophysics, University of Utah, 301 Wakara Way, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108-1214 U.S.A. *Corresponding author: [email protected] or [email protected] ​ ​ ​ Submitted September 2018 PeerJ Preprints | https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.3442v2 | CC BY 4.0 Open Access | rec: 23 Sep 2018, publ: 23 Sep 2018 ABSTRACT Bears Ears National Monument (BENM) is a new, landscape-scale national monument jointly administered by the Bureau of Land Management and the Forest Service in southeastern Utah as part of the National Conservation Lands system. As initially designated in 2016, BENM encompassed 1.3 million acres of land with exceptionally fossiliferous rock units. Subsequently, in December 2017, presidential action reduced BENM to two smaller management units (Indian Creek and Shash Jáá). Although the paleontological resources of BENM are extensive and abundant, they have historically been under-studied. Here, we summarize prior paleontological work within the original BENM boundaries in order to provide a complete picture of the paleontological resources, and synthesize the data which were used to support paleontological resource protection.
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of Ornithischian Quadrupedality
    J Iber Geol DOI 10.1007/s41513-017-0036-0 REVIEW PAPER The evolution of ornithischian quadrupedality 1 2 Paul M. Barrett • Susannah C. R. Maidment Received: 27 February 2017 / Accepted: 16 June 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is published with open access at Springerlink.com Abstract Ornithischian dinosaurs were primitively bipe- Resumen Los dinosaurios Ornitı´squios, bı´pedos en origen, dal, but reverted to quadrupedality on at least three (and revertieron a la condicio´n cuadru´peda en al menos tres potentially several more) occasions: in Ceratopsia, Thyr- (y potencialmente ma´s) ocasiones: en Ceratopsia, eophora and Hadrosauriformes. Each of these reversals was Thyreophora y Hadrosauriformes. Cada una de estas accompanied by anatomical changes to the whole skeleton reversiones vino acompan˜ada de cambios anato´micos en el that enabled the forelimb to function in weight bearing and resto de esqueleto que permitieron a la extremidad anterior that also resulted in numerous changes to the hip and hind funcionar para soportar su peso y llevaron a cambios en la limb musculature. Each quadrupedal clade acquired a suite cadera y la musculatura dela extremidad posterior. Cada of similar biomechanical characters, although they varied clado cuadru´pedo adquirio´ una serie de caracteres in terms of function and in how these character complexes biomeca´nicos parecidos, aunque variaron en su funcio´ny were assembled. Some similar changes occurred in parallel en la manera en la que estos conjuntos de caracteres enca- among sauropodomorph dinosaurs as they transitioned jaban. Cambios parecidos aparecieron paralelamente entre from bipedality to quadrupedality. It is unclear why bipedal los dinosaurios sauropodomorfos durante su transicio´nde ornithischians reverted to quadrupedalism, but neither bı´pedos a cuadru´pedos.
    [Show full text]
  • An Inventory of Non-Avian Dinosaurs from National Park Service Areas
    Lucas, S.G. and Sullivan, R.M., eds., 2018, Fossil Record 6. New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science Bulletin 79. 703 AN INVENTORY OF NON-AVIAN DINOSAURS FROM NATIONAL PARK SERVICE AREAS JUSTIN S. TWEET1 and VINCENT L. SANTUCCI2 1National Park Service, 9149 79th Street S., Cottage Grove, MN 55016 -email: [email protected]; 2National Park Service, Geologic Resources Division, 1849 “C” Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20240 -email: [email protected] Abstract—Dinosaurs have captured the interest and imagination of the general public, particularly children, around the world. Paleontological resource inventories within units of the National Park Service have revealed that body and trace fossils of non-avian dinosaurs have been documented in at least 21 National Park Service areas. In addition there are two historically associated occurrences, one equivocal occurrence, two NPS areas with dinosaur tracks in building stone, and one case where fossils have been found immediately outside of a monument’s boundaries. To date, body fossils of non- avian dinosaurs are documented at 14 NPS areas, may also be present at another, and are historically associated with two other parks. Dinosaur trace fossils have been documented at 17 NPS areas and are visible in building stone at two parks. Most records of NPS dinosaur fossils come from park units on the Colorado Plateau, where body fossils have been found in Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous rocks at many locations, and trace fossils are widely distributed in Upper Triassic and Jurassic rocks. Two NPS units are particularly noted for their dinosaur fossils: Dinosaur National Monument (Upper Triassic through Lower Cretaceous) and Big Bend National Park (Upper Cretaceous).
    [Show full text]
  • Fossil Footprints from the Grand Canyon: Second Contribution
    SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOLUME 80, NUMBER 3 FOSSIL FOOTPRINTS FROM THE GRAND CANYON: SECOND CONTRIBUTION (WITH 21 PLATES) BY CHARLES W. GILMORE Curator of Vertebrate Paleonto-logy, United States National Museum (PUBLICATION 2917) CITY OF WASHINGTON PUBLISHED BY THE SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION JULY 30, 1927 t Sorb �4ftimore (prcu B&LTUIORE, KD., U. s. &. FOSSIL FOOTPRINTS FROM THE GRAND CANYON: SECOND CONTRIBUTION BY CHARLES W. GILMORE CURATOR OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY, UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM (WITH 2I PLATES ) INTRODUCT ION In continuation of an investigation of the fossil footprints of the Grand Canyon, so successfully begun in 1924: I was enabled, through an allotment granted by the Marsh Fund committee of the National Academy of Sciences, to visit the Canyon again in the early spring of 1926. This expedition had as its purpose the acquisition of addi­ tional fossil tracks from the Coconino and Hermit formations, and the extension of the investigation into the older Supai formation in which the discovery of fossil tracks had been reported by Mr. ]. R. Eakin, Superintendent of the Grand Canyon National Park. The expedition was successful far beyond expectations, the collection made for the United States National Museum comprising a series of slabs some 2,700 pounds in weight, on which are animal tracks from three distinct and successive geological formations. The old locality in the Coconino sandstone on the Hermit Trail was explored laterally and a large series of beautifully preserved tracks and trails secured, including many forms new to this ichnite fauna, and the Hermit shale, some 1,400 feet below the level of the Canyon .rim, yielded both fossil tracks and plants.
    [Show full text]
  • CORE View Metadata, Citation and Similar Papers at Core.Ac.Uk
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by RERO DOC Digital Library Abstract Book-INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DINOSAURS AND OTHER VERTEBRATES PALAEOICHNOLOGY (2005) FUMANYA, BARCELONA 2 Abstract Book-INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON DINOSAURS AND OTHER VERTEBRATES PALAEOICHNOLOGY (2005) FUMANYA, BARCELONA Organizing Committee Jean Le Loeuff, Musée des Dinosaures, Espéraza Bernat Vila, Consorci Ruta Minera, PhD student Josep Marmi, Consorci Ruta Minera Àngel Galobart, Institut de Paleontologia M. Crusafont de Sabadell Oriol Oms, Dep. Geologia (Estratigrafia), Fac. de Ciencies Univ. Autònoma de Barcelona Organizing Institutions Consorci Ruta Minera Dinosauria by means of European Project INTERREG-IIIA funds Collaborations Museu de les Mines de Cercs Cercs Town council Diputació de Barcelona Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Fundación Patrimonio Paleontológico de La Rioja Museo Geominero (I.GM.E.) Obra Social “Fundació La Caixa” Scientific Committee Eric BUFFETAUT - Université Paris, France F.M. DALLA VECCHIA - Museo Paleontologico Cittadino, Monfalcone, Italy Àngel GALOBART- Institut de Paleontologia de Sabadell, Barcelona José Carlos GARCÍA-RAMOS - Universidad de Oviedo, España Jean LE LOEUFF - Musée des Dinosaures, Espéraza, France Martin G. LOCKLEY - University of Colorado, Denver, USA José Joaquin MORATALLA- Museo Geominero, (IGME), Madrid, España Oriol OMS- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Félix PÉREZ-LORENTE - Universidad de La Rioja , España Vanda Faria dos SANTOS - Museo Nacional de Historia
    [Show full text]
  • Download Full Article 2.2MB .Pdf File
    Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 63–71 (2016) Published 2016 ISSN 1447-2546 (Print) 1447-2554 (On-line) http://museumvictoria.com.au/about/books-and-journals/journals/memoirs-of-museum-victoria/ A close look at Victoria's first known dinosaur tracks ANTHONY J. MARTIN Department of Environmental Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322 USA ([email protected]) Abstract Martin, A.J. 2016. A close look at Victoria's first known dinosaur tracks. Memoirs of Museum Victoria 74: 63–71. Lower Cretaceous (Aptian-Albian) rocks of Victoria, Australia are well known for their dinosaur body fossils, but not so much for their trace fossils. For example, the first known dinosaur track from the Eumeralla Formation (Albian) of Knowledge Creek, Victoria, was not discovered until 1980. This specimen, along with two more Eumeralla tracks found at Skenes Creek in 1989, constituted all of the dinosaur tracks recognised in Lower Cretaceous strata of southern Australia until the late 2000s. Unfortunately, none of these first-known dinosaur tracks of Victoria were properly described and diagnosed. Hence, the main purpose of this study is to document these trace fossils more thoroughly. Remarkably, the Knowledge Creek and one of the Skenes Creek tracks are nearly identical in size and form; both tracks are attributed to small ornithopods. Although poorly expressed, the second probable track from Skenes Creek provides a search image for less obvious dinosaur tracks in Lower Cretaceous strata of Victoria. The Skenes Creek tracks were also likely from the same trackway, and thus may represent the first discovered dinosaur trackway from Victoria. These tracks are the first confirmed ornithopod tracks for Victoria, augmenting abundant body fossil evidence of small ornithopods (‘hypsilophodontids’) in formerly polar environments during the Early Cretaceous.
    [Show full text]