IAEA TECDOC SERIES Identification of High Confidence Nuclearidentification Forensics Signatures
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Nonproliferation and Nuclear Forensics: Detailed, Multi- Analytical Investigation of Trinitite Post-Detonation Materials
SIMONETTI ET AL. CHAPTER 14: NONPROLIFERATION AND NUCLEAR FORENSICS: DETAILED, MULTI- ANALYTICAL INVESTIGATION OF TRINITITE POST-DETONATION MATERIALS Antonio Simonetti, Jeremy J. Bellucci, Christine Wallace, Elizabeth Koeman, and Peter C. Burns, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering and Earth Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana, 46544, USA e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION (and ≤7% 240Pu), whereas it is termed “reactor fuel In 2010, the Joint Working Group of the grade” if the material consists >8% 240Pu. American Physical Society and the American Production of enriched U is costly and an energy- Association for the Advancement of Science defined intensive process, and the most widely used Nuclear Forensics as “the technical means by which processes are gaseous diffusion of UF6 (employed nuclear materials, whether intercepted intact or by the United States and France) and high- retrieved from post-explosion debris, are performance centrifugation of UF6 (e.g., Russia, characterized (as to composition, physical condition, Europe, and South Africa). The uranium processed age, provenance, history) and interpreted (as to under the “Manhattan Project” and used within the provenance, industrial history, and implications for device detonated over Hiroshima was produced by nuclear device design).” Detailed investigation of electromagnetic separation; the latter process was post-detonation material (PDM) is critical in ultimately abandoned in the late 1940s because of preventing and/or responding to nuclear-based its significant energy demands. The minimum terrorist activities/threats. However, accurate amount of fissionable material required for a nuclear identification of nuclear device components within reaction is termed its “critical mass”, and the value PDM typically requires a variety of instrumental depends on the isotope employed, properties of approaches and sample characterization strategies; materials, local environment, and weapon design the latter may include radiochemical separations, (Moody et al. -
Removal of Uranium from Aqueous Wastes Using Electrically Charged Carbon Nanofibers
Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports 2000 Removal of uranium from aqueous wastes using electrically charged carbon nanofibers Shannon Lee Stover West Virginia University Follow this and additional works at: https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd Recommended Citation Stover, Shannon Lee, "Removal of uranium from aqueous wastes using electrically charged carbon nanofibers" (2000). Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports. 1142. https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/1142 This Thesis is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by the The Research Repository @ WVU with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Thesis in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you must obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/ or on the work itself. This Thesis has been accepted for inclusion in WVU Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports collection by an authorized administrator of The Research Repository @ WVU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. REMOVAL OF URANIUM FROM AQUEOUS WASTES USING ELECTRICALLY CHARGED CARBON NANOFIBERS Shannon L. Stover Thesis submitted to the College of Engineering and Mineral Resources at West Virginia University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science In Chemical Engineering John Zondlo, Ph.D., Chair Elliot Kennel Peter Stansberry, Ph.D. Charter Stinespring, Ph.D. Department of Chemical Engineering Morgantown, West Virginia 2000 Keywords: Uranium, Carbon, Nanofibers, Electrosorption, Environmental Copyright 2000 Shannon L. -
WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T
(12) INTERNATIONAL APPLICATION PUBLISHED UNDER THE PATENT COOPERATION TREATY (PCT) (19) World Intellectual Property Organization International Bureau (10) International Publication Number (43) International Publication Date WO 2016/074683 Al 19 May 2016 (19.05.2016) W P O P C T (51) International Patent Classification: (81) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every C12N 15/10 (2006.01) kind of national protection available): AE, AG, AL, AM, AO, AT, AU, AZ, BA, BB, BG, BH, BN, BR, BW, BY, (21) International Application Number: BZ, CA, CH, CL, CN, CO, CR, CU, CZ, DE, DK, DM, PCT/DK20 15/050343 DO, DZ, EC, EE, EG, ES, FI, GB, GD, GE, GH, GM, GT, (22) International Filing Date: HN, HR, HU, ID, IL, IN, IR, IS, JP, KE, KG, KN, KP, KR, 11 November 2015 ( 11. 1 1.2015) KZ, LA, LC, LK, LR, LS, LU, LY, MA, MD, ME, MG, MK, MN, MW, MX, MY, MZ, NA, NG, NI, NO, NZ, OM, (25) Filing Language: English PA, PE, PG, PH, PL, PT, QA, RO, RS, RU, RW, SA, SC, (26) Publication Language: English SD, SE, SG, SK, SL, SM, ST, SV, SY, TH, TJ, TM, TN, TR, TT, TZ, UA, UG, US, UZ, VC, VN, ZA, ZM, ZW. (30) Priority Data: PA 2014 00655 11 November 2014 ( 11. 1 1.2014) DK (84) Designated States (unless otherwise indicated, for every 62/077,933 11 November 2014 ( 11. 11.2014) US kind of regional protection available): ARIPO (BW, GH, 62/202,3 18 7 August 2015 (07.08.2015) US GM, KE, LR, LS, MW, MZ, NA, RW, SD, SL, ST, SZ, TZ, UG, ZM, ZW), Eurasian (AM, AZ, BY, KG, KZ, RU, (71) Applicant: LUNDORF PEDERSEN MATERIALS APS TJ, TM), European (AL, AT, BE, BG, CH, CY, CZ, DE, [DK/DK]; Nordvej 16 B, Himmelev, DK-4000 Roskilde DK, EE, ES, FI, FR, GB, GR, HR, HU, IE, IS, IT, LT, LU, (DK). -
Comparative Study on Precipitation Methods of Yellow
Precipitation and purification of uranium from rock phosphate Elshafeea H. Y. Abow Slama1, Etemad Ebraheem2 and Adam K. Sam1 1Sudan Atomic Energy Commission P.O. Box 3001, Khartoum-Sudan 2 Sinner University ABSTRACT This study was carried-out to leach uranium from rock phosphate using sulphuric acid in the presence of potassium chlorate as an oxidant and to investigate the relative purity of different forms of yellow cakes produced with ammonia {( NH 4 )2 U2O7 }, magnesia (UO3.xH 2O ) and sodium hydroxide Na2U 2O7 as precipitants, as well as purification of the products with TBP extraction and matching its impurity levels with specifications of the commercial products. Alpha-particle spectrometry was used for determination of activity concentration of uranium isotopes (234U and 238U) in rock phosphate, resulting green phosphoric acid solution, and in different forms of the yellow cake from which the equivalent mass concentration of uranium was deduced. Likewise, atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for determination of impurities (Pb, Ni, Cd, Fe, Zn, Mn, and Cu). On the average, the equivalent mass concentration of uranium was 119.38±79.66 ppm (rock phosphate) and 57.85±20.46 ppm (green solution) with corresponding low percent of dissolution (48%) which is considered low. The isotopic ratio (234U: 238U) in all stages of hydrometallurgical process was not much differ from unity indicating lack of fractionation. Upon comparing the levels of impurities in different form of crude yellow cakes, it was found that the lowest levels were measured in UO3.xH2O. This implies that saturated magnesia is least aggressive relative to other precipitants and gives relatively pure crude cake. -
Nuclear Scholars Initiative a Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative
Nuclear Scholars Initiative A Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative EDITOR Sarah Weiner JANUARY 2014 Nuclear Scholars Initiative A Collection of Papers from the 2013 Nuclear Scholars Initiative EDITOR Sarah Weiner AUTHORS Isabelle Anstey David K. Lartonoix Lee Aversano Adam Mount Jessica Bufford Mira Rapp-Hooper Nilsu Goren Alicia L. Swift Jana Honkova David Thomas Graham W. Jenkins Timothy J. Westmyer Phyllis Ko Craig J. Wiener Rizwan Ladha Lauren Wilson Jarret M. Lafl eur January 2014 ROWMAN & LITTLEFIELD Lanham • Boulder • New York • Toronto • Plymouth, UK About CSIS For over 50 years, the Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) has developed solutions to the world’s greatest policy challenges. As we celebrate this milestone, CSIS scholars are developing strategic insights and bipartisan policy solutions to help decisionmakers chart a course toward a better world. CSIS is a nonprofi t or ga ni za tion headquartered in Washington, D.C. The Center’s 220 full-time staff and large network of affi liated scholars conduct research and analysis and develop policy initiatives that look into the future and anticipate change. Founded at the height of the Cold War by David M. Abshire and Admiral Arleigh Burke, CSIS was dedicated to fi nding ways to sustain American prominence and prosperity as a force for good in the world. Since 1962, CSIS has become one of the world’s preeminent international institutions focused on defense and security; regional stability; and transnational challenges ranging from energy and climate to global health and economic integration. Former U.S. senator Sam Nunn has chaired the CSIS Board of Trustees since 1999. -
Spectroscopic Signatures of Uranium Speciation for Forensics
UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones May 2017 Spectroscopic Signatures of Uranium Speciation for Forensics Nicholas Wozniak University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalscholarship.unlv.edu/thesesdissertations Part of the Chemistry Commons Repository Citation Wozniak, Nicholas, "Spectroscopic Signatures of Uranium Speciation for Forensics" (2017). UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones. 3063. http://dx.doi.org/10.34917/10986257 This Dissertation is protected by copyright and/or related rights. It has been brought to you by Digital Scholarship@UNLV with permission from the rights-holder(s). You are free to use this Dissertation in any way that is permitted by the copyright and related rights legislation that applies to your use. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s) directly, unless additional rights are indicated by a Creative Commons license in the record and/or on the work itself. This Dissertation has been accepted for inclusion in UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones by an authorized administrator of Digital Scholarship@UNLV. For more information, please contact [email protected]. SPECTROSCOPIC SIGNATURES OF URANIUM SPECIATION FOR FORENSICS By Nicholas Robert Wozniak Bachelors of Science – Chemistry Bachelors of Science – Physics Hope College 2012 A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctor of Philosophy – Radiochemistry Department of Chemistry College of Sciences The Graduate College University of Nevada, Las Vegas May 2017 Dissertation Approval The Graduate College The University of Nevada, Las Vegas April 14, 2017 This dissertation prepared by Nicholas Robert Wozniak entitled Spectroscopic Signatures of Uranium Speciation for Forensics is approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy – Radiochemistry Department of Chemistry Ken Czerwinski, Ph.D. -
The New Nuclear Forensics: Analysis of Nuclear Material for Security
THE NEW NUCLEAR FORENSICS Analysis of Nuclear Materials for Security Purposes edited by vitaly fedchenko The New Nuclear Forensics Analysis of Nuclear Materials for Security Purposes STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE SIPRI is an independent international institute dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament. Established in 1966, SIPRI provides data, analysis and recommendations, based on open sources, to policymakers, researchers, media and the interested public. The Governing Board is not responsible for the views expressed in the publications of the Institute. GOVERNING BOARD Sven-Olof Petersson, Chairman (Sweden) Dr Dewi Fortuna Anwar (Indonesia) Dr Vladimir Baranovsky (Russia) Ambassador Lakhdar Brahimi (Algeria) Jayantha Dhanapala (Sri Lanka) Ambassador Wolfgang Ischinger (Germany) Professor Mary Kaldor (United Kingdom) The Director DIRECTOR Dr Ian Anthony (United Kingdom) Signalistgatan 9 SE-169 70 Solna, Sweden Telephone: +46 8 655 97 00 Fax: +46 8 655 97 33 Email: [email protected] Internet: www.sipri.org The New Nuclear Forensics Analysis of Nuclear Materials for Security Purposes EDITED BY VITALY FEDCHENKO OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2015 1 Great Clarendon Street, Oxford OX2 6DP, United Kingdom Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford. It furthers the University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide. Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford University Press in the UK and in certain other countries © SIPRI 2015 The moral rights of the authors have been asserted All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of SIPRI, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organizations. -
Nonproliferation Nuclear Forensics
LLNL-CONF-679869 Nonproliferation Nuclear Forensics I. Hutcheon, M. Kristo, K. Knight December 3, 2015 Mineralogical Assocaition of Canada Short Course Series #43 Winnipeg, Canada May 20, 2013 through May 21, 2013 Disclaimer This document was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States government. Neither the United States government nor Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, nor any of their employees makes any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product, or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States government or Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC. The views and opinions of authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States government or Lawrence Livermore National Security, LLC, and shall not be used for advertising or product endorsement purposes. HUTCHEON ET AL. CHAPTER 13: NONPROLIFERATION NUCLEAR FORENSICS Ian D. Hutcheon, Michael J. Kristo and Kim B. Knight Glenn Seaborg Institute Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory P.O. Box 808, Livermore, California, 94551-0808, USA e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION and age; these data are then interpreted to evaluate Beginning with the breakup of the Soviet Union provenance, production history and trafficking in the early 1990s, unprecedented amounts of route. The goal of these analyses is to identify illicitly obtained radiological and nuclear materials forensic indicators in the interdicted nuclear and began to be seized at border crossings and radiological samples or the surrounding international points of entry. -
Nuclear Forensics Role, State of the Art, Program Needs
Nuclear Forensics Role, State of the Art, Program Needs Joint Working Group of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science Nuclear Forensics Role, State of the Art, Program Needs Joint Working Group of the American Physical Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science Acknowledgment About APS & POPA Many thanks to linton Brooks, Raymond Jeanloz and Robin The American Physical Society was founded in 1899, with Pitman for their thoughtful comments on this paper. The a mission of advancing and diffusing the knowledge of authors also thank William Daitch, Michael evenson, John physics. APS is now the nation’s leading organization of Harvey , Andrew Grant, Michael curry, Roger Hagengruber, research physicists with more than 46,000 members in Martha crenshaw, Jonathan Medalia, Annie Kersting, Martin academia, national laboratories, and industry. Robel, David Smith and Page Southland for their valuable contributions. Support for this project was provided by the This paper was overseen by the APS Panel on Public Affairs American Physical Society and the John D. and catherine T. (PoPA). PoPA occasionally produces reports on topics cur- MacArthur Foundation through grant number 03-79992-000- rently debated in government in order to inform the debate GSS. with the perspectives of physicists working in the relevant issue areas. indeed, APS has long played an active role in Disclaimer federal government with its members serving in congress The interpretations and conclusions contained in this report and having held positions such as Science Advisor to the are those of the authors and do not represent the views of President of the united States, Director of the ciA, and the APS executive Board, the AAAS Board of Directors, the Director of the NSF. -
Fuel Cycle Processes Directed Self-Study Course! This Is the Third of Nine Modules Available in This Directed Self-Study Course
MODULE 3.0: URANIUM CONVERSION Introduction Welcome to Module 3.0 of the Fuel Cycle Processes Directed Self-Study Course! This is the third of nine modules available in this directed self-study course. The purpose of this module is to be able to discuss the NRC regulations of and describe conversion facilities; identify the basic steps of the dry fluoride volatility conversion process and contrast with the wet acid digestion conversion process; identify sampling and measurement activities for the dry conversion process and the radiological and non-radiological hazards associated with the dry conversion process. This self-study module is designed to assist you in accomplishing the learning objectives listed at the beginning of the module. There are five learning objectives in this module. The module has self-check questions and activities to help you assess your understanding of the concepts presented in the module. Before you Begin It is recommended that you have access to the following materials: ◙ Trainee Guide ◙ Sequoyah Fuels Accident Slides (on CD accompanying course manual) ◙ “Release of UF6 from a Ruptured Model 48Y Cylinder at Sequoyah Fuels Corporation Facility: Lessons-Learned Report," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-1198, June 1986. ◙ “Assessment of the Public Health Impact from the Accidental Release of UF6 at the Sequoyah Fuels Corporation Facility at Gore, Oklahoma," U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, NUREG-1189, Vol. 1, March 1986. Complete the following prerequisites: ◙ Module 1.0: Overview of the Nuclear Fuel Cycle How to Complete this Module 1. Review the learning objectives. 2. Read each section within the module in sequential order. -
Uranium (VI) Solubility in WIPP Brine
2013 LANL-CO ACRSP LCO-ACP-14 Jean Francois Lucchini Michael Richmann Marian Borkowski Uranium (VI) Solubility in WIPP Brine LA-UR 13-20786 Uranium (VI) Solubility in WIPP Brine LCO-ACP-14, Revision 1 Page ii Page left intentionally blank Uranium (VI) Solubility in WIPP Brine LCO-ACP-14, Revision 1 Page iii Uranium (VI) Solubility in WIPP Brine J.F. Lucchini, M.K. Richmann, and M. Borkowski EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The solubility of uranium (VI) in Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)-relevant brine was determined as part of an overall effort to establish a more robust WIPP chemistry model to support ongoing WIPP recertification activities. This research was performed as part of the Los Alamos National Laboratory Carlsbad Operations (LANL-CO) Actinide Chemistry and Repository Science Program (ACRSP). The WIPP Actinide Source Term Program (ASTP) did not develop a model for the 2+ solubility of actinides in the VI oxidation state. The upper limit of the solubility of UO2 , in the absence of WIPP-specific data, is presently set at 10-3 M in the WIPP Performance Assessment (PA) for all expected conditions. This value was selected at the recommendation of the Environment Protection Agency (EPA), based on their review of the relevant data available in the literature and accounts for the potential and likely effects of carbonate complexation on the solubility of uranium (VI). In this report, the results of experiments to establish the solubility of U(VI) in WIPP brines are presented. The solubility of uranium (VI) was determined in WIPP-relevant brines as a function of pCH+, and in the absence or presence of carbonate. -
Nuclear Forensics Support This Publication Has Been Superseded by IAEA Nuclear Security Series No
This publication has been superseded by IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 2-G (Rev. 1). IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 2 Technical Guidance Reference Manual Nuclear Forensics Support This publication has been superseded by IAEA Nuclear Security Series No. 2-G (Rev. 1). 5)&*"&"/6$-&"34&$63*5:4&3*&4 /VDMFBSTFDVSJUZJTTVFTSFMBUJOHUPUIFQSFWFOUJPOBOEEFUFDUJPOPG BOESFTQPOTF UP UIFGU TBCPUBHF VOBVUIPSJ[FE BDDFTT BOE JMMFHBM USBOTGFS PS PUIFS NBMJDJPVT BDUT JOWPMWJOH OVDMFBS NBUFSJBM BOE PUIFS SBEJPBDUJWF TVCTUBODFT BOE UIFJS BTTPDJBUFE GBDJMJUJFT BSF BEESFTTFE JO UIF *"&" /VDMFBS 4FDVSJUZ 4FSJFT PG QVCMJDBUJPOT 5IFTF QVCMJDBUJPOT BSF DPOTJTUFOU XJUI BOE DPNQMFNFOU JOUFSOBUJPOBMOVDMFBSTFDVSJUZ JOTUSVNFOUT TVDI BT UIF BNFOEFE $POWFOUJPO PO UIF 1IZTJDBM 1SPUFDUJPO PG /VDMFBS .BUFSJBM UIF $PEF PG $POEVDU PO UIF 4BGFUZ BOE 4FDVSJUZ PG 3BEJPBDUJWF 4PVSDFT 6OJUFE /BUJPOT 4FDVSJUZ $PVODJM 3FTPMVUJPOT BOE BOE UIF *OUFSOBUJPOBM $POWFOUJPOGPSUIF4VQQSFTTJPOPG"DUTPG/VDMFBS5FSSPSJTN $"5&(03*&4*/5)&*"&"/6$-&"34&$63*5:4&3*&4 1VCMJDBUJPOT JO UIF *"&" /VDMFBS 4FDVSJUZ 4FSJFT BSF JTTVFE JO UIF GPMMPXJOH DBUFHPSJFT x /VDMFBS 4FDVSJUZ 'VOEBNFOUBMT DPOUBJO PCKFDUJWFT DPODFQUT BOE QSJODJQMFT PG OVDMFBSTFDVSJUZBOEQSPWJEFUIFCBTJTGPSTFDVSJUZSFDPNNFOEBUJPOT x 3FDPNNFOEBUJPOT QSFTFOU CFTU QSBDUJDFT UIBU TIPVME CF BEPQUFE CZ .FNCFS 4UBUFTJOUIFBQQMJDBUJPOPGUIF/VDMFBS4FDVSJUZ'VOEBNFOUBMT x *NQMFNFOUJOH (VJEFT QSPWJEF GVSUIFS FMBCPSBUJPO PG UIF 3FDPNNFOEBUJPOT JO CSPBEBSFBTBOETVHHFTUNFBTVSFTGPSUIFJSJNQMFNFOUBUJPO x 5FDIOJDBM (VJEBODF QVCMJDBUJPOT DPNQSJTF 3FGFSFODF