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11. LITERATURE CITED Abbe, T.B., and D.R 11. LITERATURE CITED Abbe, T.B., and D.R. Montgomery. 1996. Large woody debris jams, channel hydraulics, and habitat formation in large rivers. Regulated Rivers: Research and Management 12:201- 221. Abbe, T.B., and D.R. Montgomery. 2003. Patterns and processes in wood debris accumulation in the Queets River basin, Washington. Geomorphology 51:81-107. ACMRR/IABO Working Party on Ecological Indices of Stress to Fishery Resources. 1976. Indices for measuring responses of aquatic ecological systems to various human influences. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Fisheries Technical Paper 151, Rome, Italy. Adams, D.M., R.J. Alig, D.J. Anderson, J.A. Stevens, and J.T. Chmelik. 1992. Future prospects for western Washington’s timber supply. Institute of Forest Resources Contribution Number 74. College of Forest Resources, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington. Adams, M.J., and R.B. Bury. 2002. The endemic headwater stream amphibians of the American Northwest: associations with environmental gradients in a large forested preserve. Global Ecology and Biogeography 11(2). Adams, T.A., and K. Sullivan. 1990. The physics of forest stream warming, a simple model. Timber/Fish/Wildlife Report No. TFW-WQ3-90-007. Washington State Department of Natural Resources, Olympia, Washington. 30 pp. Agee, J.K. 1993. Fire ecology of Pacific Northwest forests. Cited in Reeves, G.H. 2006. Chapter 9: The aquatic conservation strategy of the Northwest Forest Plan: An assessment after 10 years. Northwest Forest Plan Part II. Agee, J.K. 1994. Fire and weather disturbances in terrestrial ecosystems of the eastern Cascades. General Technical Report PNW-GTR-320. Portland, Oregon: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station. 52 pp. Ainley, D.G., S.G. Allen, and L.B. Spear. 1995. Offshore occurrence patterns of marbled murrelets in central California. 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[Unpublished Report] Department of Forestry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. Andrus, C.W., B.A. Long, and H.A. Froehlich. 1988. Woody debris and its contribution to pool formation in a coastal stream 50 years after logging. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 45(12):2080-2086. Anthony, R.G., and L.S. Andrews. 2004. Summary Report: Winter habitat use by spotted owls on USDI Bureau of Land Management Medford District Lands within the boundaries of the Timbered Rock Fire. Unpublished report, Oregon Cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon. 29 pages. Anthony, R.G., E.D. Forsman, A.B. Franklin, D.R. Anderson, K.P. Burnham, G.C. White, C.J. Schwarz, J. Nichols, J.E. Hines, G.S. Olson, S.H. Ackers, S. Andrews, B.L. Biswell, P.C. Carlson, L.V. Diller, K.M. Dugger, K.E. Fehring, T.L. Fleming, R.P. Gerhardt, S.A. Gremel, R.J. Gutiérrez, P.J. Happe, D.R. Herter, J.M. Higley, R.B. Horn, L.L. Irwin, P.J. Loschl, J.A. Reid, and S.G. Sovern. 2004. Status and trends in demography of northern spotted owls, 1985-2003. Final Report to the Interagency Regional Monitoring Program, Portland, Oregon. September 2004. 179 pages. Anthony, R.G., and F.B. Isaacs. 1989. Characteristics of bald eagle nest sites in Oregon. Journal of Wildlife Management 53:148-159. Biological and Conference Opinion 871 Anthony, R.G., R.J. Steidl, and K. McGarigal. 1995. Recreation and bald eagles in the Pacific Northwest. Pages 223-241, in Knight, R.L., and K.J. Gutzwiller. Wildlife and Recreationists: coexistence through management and research. Island Press, Washington, D.C. 372 pp. Ashton, D.T., S.B. Marks, and H.H. Welsh Jr. 2005. Evidence of continued effects from timber harvesting on lotic amphibians in redwood forests of northwestern California. Forest Ecology and Management 221:183-193. Atterbury Consultants, Inc. 2003. Major forestland owners: Western Washington. Beaverton, Oregon: Atterbury Consultants. Aubry, K.B., and P.A. Hall. 1991. 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Votapka. 1990. Fish passage through culverts. Prepared for the U.S. Department of Transportation, Federal Highway Administration, Washington D.C. Project No. FHWA-FL-90-006. Baker, J. 1968. Effects of slash burning on soil composition and seedling growth. Information Report BC-X-28. Forestry Branch, Forest burning on soil composition and seedling growth. Infor- Victoria, British Columbia: Department of Fisheries and Forestry, Research Laboratory. 18 pp. Baldwin, J. 2002. Assessing the 2-year protocol for marbled murrelets. July 16, 2002. Pacific Seabird Group, Arcata, California. Unpublished report available at http://www.pacificseabirdgroup.org. Barber, M.E., and R.C. Downs. 1996. Investigation of culvert hydraulics related to juvenile fish passage. Final technical report. WA-RD 388.2. Washington State Department of Transportation. 172 pp 872 Biological and Conference Opinion Barbour, M.T., J. Gerritsen, B.D. Snyder, and J.B. Stribling. 1999. 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