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February 2015 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 90 No. 1 61 J. Jpn. Bot. 90: 61–65 (2015) b a a, Anupam Das TALUKDAR , Durgesh VERMA , Dilip Kumar ROY *, Manabendra Dutta b c CHOUDHURY and Bipin Kumar SINHA : A New Variety of Molineria prainiana (Hypoxidaceae) from Northeast India aBotanical Survey of India, Eastern Regional Centre, Shillong, Meghalaya, 793 003 INDIA; bDepartment of Life Science & Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, 788 011, Assam, INDIA; cIndustrial Section, Indian Museum, Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata, 700016 INDIA *Corresponding author: [email protected] Summary: A new variety of Molineria prainiana by Biswas (1940) in Indian Forest Records as Deb from Northeast India, Molineria prainiana var. Curculigo grandis Baker, here the authorship of josephii D. K. Roy, D. Verma & A. D. Talukdar, is described and illustrated. The characteristics of Baker is a printing mistake for Burkill as thus fruits are described for the first time for Molineria the name is invalid (Deb 1964). Mitra (1958) prainiana Deb. made a new combination Molineria grandis (Prain) J. N. Mitra that stands illegitimate being Hypoxidaceae, a family of herbaceous based on an invalid name. Later on, Mitra (1965) perennial monocotyledons with approximately again published the same taxon as a new species 200 species under nine genera that are mainly based on the collection of J. L. Lister made in found in the Southern Hemisphere of the Old 1875 from Duphla hills, Arunachal Pradesh World and in North America (Sánchez-Ken where also the herbarium sheet was marked 2010). The genus Molineria Colla comprises as Curculigo grandis Prain. So, based on the seven species and one variety (World Checklist priority of publication, Molineria prainiana Deb of Selected Plant Families 2014). In India the is now an accepted name and Molineria grandis genus is represented by all the seven species J. N. Mitra stands a heterotypic synonym for it. namely Molineria capitulata (Lour.) Herb., M. While working on genus Molineria of crassifolia Baker, M. gracilis Kurz, M. latifolia Northeast India, the authors (DKR and DV) (Dryand. ex W. T. Aiton) Herb. ex Kurz, M. came across some interesting collections of oligantha C. E. C. Fisch., M. prainiana Deb and J. Joseph made in 1964 from Namdapha, M. trichocarpa (Wight) N. P. Balakr. of which Arunachal Pradesh, housed in ASSAM. These M. oligantha is endemic (Hooker 1894, Fischer were marked as M. crassifolia Baker. After 1932, Deb 1964). critical observations on the specimens and Molineria prainiana was described by D. literature survey, authors are convinced that B. Deb (1964) based on a collection made by the taxon is closely related to M. prainiana but I. H. Burkill in 1912 from Janakmukh during differs in having larger lamina, much elongated the Abor Expedition. The species epithet was raceme, long pedicelled sparsely arranged named after D. Prain, who first named this taxon flowers and bigger berries (Figs. 1, 2). Therefore, as Curculigo grandis Prain MSS. Burkill (1925) the taxon is described here as a new variety of it. published the taxon in Records of the Botanical Survey of India without any description, so the Molineria prainiana Deb in Bull. Bot. Suv. name was invalid. Later N. L. Bor collected a India 51: 77 (1965). specimen of the same taxon from Aka Hills, var. josephii D. K. Roy, D. Verma & A. D. Arunachal Pradesh in 1934, which was published Talukdar, var. nov. [Figs. 1, 2D] 62 植物研究雑誌 第 90 巻 第 1 号 2015 年 2 月 Fig. 1. Molineria prainiana var. josephii. A. Leaf. B. Inflorescence. C. Flower (front view). D. Flower (lateral view). E, F. Bract. G. Perianth. H. Anthers. I. Stigma and style. J. Pedicellate ovary with style. K. Fruit (dried). L. Fruit (soaked in liquid Ammonia and hot water). M. Seed. Similar to Molineria prainiana Deb, to 150 cm long, elliptic-lanceolate, plicate, distinguished from it by larger leaf lamina, more membranous; lamina glabrous, up to 115 cm than 60-flowered, much elongated raceme, long- long and 15.5 cm broad, chartaceous, entire, pedicelled sparsely arranged flowers and bigger acuminate. Scape flattened, pubescent. Raceme berries (Table 1). elongated, more than 60-flowered, up to 30 cm Type: INDIA. Arunachal Pradesh: long. Flowers bracteate, bisexual, trimerous, Namdapha, alt. 475 m, 17 October 1983, J. 1.5 cm across. Bracts lanceolate, glabrous, Joseph 83196 (ASSAM 57076–holotype, Fig. ciliate at margin, 1.3–3.5 × 0.4–0.8 cm, veined. 2D; ASSAM 57073, 57074, 57075–isotypes). Pedicel stellate hairy, 1.3–2.7 cm long. Perianth Rhizomatous herbs. Leaves large, up segments six, in two alternative whorls (three February 2015 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 90 No. 1 63 Fig. 2. A. Molineria grandis J. N. Mitra (adopted from Mitra 1965). B. Molineria prainiana Deb (adopted from Deb 1964). C. Paratype of Molineria prainiana Deb. D. Molineria prainiana var. josephii (Inflorescence). 64 植物研究雑誌 第 90 巻 第 1 号 2015 年 2 月 Table 1. Differences between Molineria prainiana var. prainiana and var. josephii var. prainiana var. josephii Leaf lamina up to 70 cm long up to 115 cm long Inflorescence up to 15 cm long, up to 30 cm long, up to 40-flowered more than 60-flowered Pedicel densely tomentose, 0.5–1.5 cm long sparsely pubescent, 1.3–2.7 cm long Berry 0.8–0.9 × 0.4–0.5 cm, densely tomentose 1.4–1.8 × 0.7–0.9 cm, villous in each), elliptic-lanceolate, free, imbricate, tomentose or woolly; raceme up to 15 cm long; ventrally glabrous, 5-veined, midvein prominent pedicel densely tomentose, 0.5–1.5 cm long; and clothed with hairs dorsally, 0.8–0.9 × 0.3– berries 4–5 mm in diam., densely tomentose ..... 0.35 cm, persistent. Stamens 6; filament very ................................ M. prainiana var. prainiana short, ca. 2 mm long; anther erect, dorsifixed, 3b. Lamina up to 115 cm long; scape pubescent; lanceolate, dithecous, sagittate at base, 5–6 mm. raceme up to 30 cm long; pedicel sparsely Ovary inferior, 3-carpelled, villous with stellate pubescent, 1.3–2.7 cm long; berries 7–9 mm in hairs, 4–5 × 1.8–2.2 mm; style subulate, 7–9 diam., sparsely pubescent ..................................... mm; stigma capitate, 0.8–1.0 mm across. Berry .................................... M. prainiana var. josephii pyriform, villous, 1.4–1.8 × 0.7–0.9 cm. Seeds oblong, black, testa grooved deeply, ca. 1.5 × 1.2 Authors are grateful to P. Singh, Director, mm. Botanical Survey of India, Kolkata and to A. A. Distribution: India (Arunachal Pradesh). Mao, Scientist-E and HOO, Eastern Regional Endemic to India. Centre, Botanical Survey of India, Shillong, for Habitat: In damp places of Tropical evergreen facilities and encouragement. forest at ca. 475 m. Etymology: The varietal epithet is named References after J. Joseph, collector of the specimens. Biswas K. 1941. The flora of the Aka hills. Indian Forest Notes: In the original publication of Rec. 3(1): 53–54. Burkill I. H. 1925. The Botany of the Abor Expedition. Molineria prainiana Deb characters of fruit were Rec. Bot. Surv. India. 10: 386–387. not described. So, here the characters of fruits of Deb D. B. 1964. An undescribed species of Hypoxidaceae. this species are also provided. Berry pyriform, Bull. Bot. Surv. India. 6(1): 77–79. densely tomentose, 0.8–0.9 cm × 0.4–0.5 cm. Fischer C. E. C. 1932. Plants new to Assam: V. Bull. Misc. Inform., Royal Bot. Gard. 1932(7): 348–349. Seeds oblong, blackish brown; testa grooved ca. Hooker J. D. 1894. Amaryllideae. In: Hooker J. D. (ed.), 1.3 × 1.1 mm. The Flora of British India. 6: 277–286. L. Reeve & Co., London. Key to Molineria prainiana and Mitra J. N. 1958. Flowering Plants of Eastern India: its closely related taxa Monocotyledons. 1: 50. The World Press, Calcutta. Mitra J. N. 1965. A new species of Molineria from Assam. 1a. Inflorescence dense capitate raceme .......... 2 J. Indian Bot. Soc. 43(3): 487–489. 1b. Inflorescence lax elongated raceme ........... 3 Sánchez-Ken J. G. 2010. Hypoxis colliculata 2a. Lamina hirsute on nerves beneath; ovary (Hypoxidaceae), a new species from Mexico and a key turbinate, villous; berry globose ... M. capitulata to the American species with black seeds. Acta Bot. Mex. 92: 1–9. 2b. Lamina white- dense tomentose beneath; World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. 2014. Royal ovary oblong, top silky; berry oblong ................. botanic Gardens, Kew [online]. Available from http:// ........................................................ M. crassifolia apps.kew.org/wcsp [accessed 18 August 2014]. 3a. Lamina up to 70 cm long; scape densely February 2015 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 90 No. 1 65 A. D. Talukdarb，D. Vermaa，D. K. Roya，M. D. b c Choudhury ， B. K. Sinha : Molineria prainiana（キン バイザサ科）のインド北東産 1 新変種 インド北東部から， Molineria prainiana Deb（キン prainiana の 漿 果 は 柔 毛 が 密 生 し， 長 さ 0.8–0.9 cm， バ イ ザ サ 科 ） の 1 新 変 種，Molineria prainiana var. 幅 0.4–0.5 cm であるのに対して，新変種である var. josephii D. K. Roy, D. Verma & A. D. Talukdar を記載 josephii は 長 毛 が 生 え， 長 さ 1.4–1.8 cm， 幅 0.7–0.9 した．この新変種は基本変種から，葉身が大型である cm とより大きい．本文では，Molineria prainiana と こと，よく伸長した総状花序に花が 60 個以上つくこ その近縁種の検索表を示した． と，花は花柄が長く，花序に疎らにつくこと，漿果が （a インド・植物調査所 Eastern Regional Centre， より大型であることで区別される (Table 1)．Molineria b インド・Assam University, prainiana の漿果についてはこれまで知られていなか Department of Life Science & Bioinformatics， ったが，ここで初めて記載を行った．すなわち，var. c インド・植物調査所インド博物館 Industrial Section）.
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    DIVERSITY OF NATURALIZED PLANT SPECIES ACROSS LAND USE TYPES IN MAKWANPUR DISTRICT, CENTRAL NEPAL A Dissertation Submitted for Partial Fulfillment of the Requirmentment for the Master‟s Degree in Botany, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, Nepal Submitted by Bhawani Nyaupane Exam Roll No.:107/071 Batch: 2071/73 T.U Reg. No.: 5-2-49-10-2010 Ecology and Resource Management Unit Central Department of Botany Institute of Science and Technology Tribhuvan University Kirtipur, Kathamndu, Nepal May, 2019 RECOMMENDATION This is to certify that the dissertation work entitled “DIVERSITY OF NATURALIZED PLANT ACROSS LAND USE TYPES IN MAKWANPUR DISTRICT, CENTRAL NEPAL” has been submitted by Ms. Bhawani Nyaupane under my supervision. The entire work is accomplished on the basis of Candidate‘s original research work. As per my knowledge, the work has not been submitted to any other academic degree. It is hereby recommended for acceptance of this dissertation as a partial fulfillment of the requirement of Master‘s Degree in Botany at Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University. ………………………… Supervisor Dr. Bharat Babu Shrestha Associate Professor Central Department of Botany TU, Kathmandu, Nepal. Date: 17th May, 2019 ii LETTER OF APPROVAL The M.Sc. dissertation entitled “DIVERSITY OF NATURALIZED PLANT SPECIES ACROSS LAND USE TYPES IN MAKWANPUR DISTRICT, CENTRAL NEPAL” submitted at the Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University by Ms. Bhawani Nyaupane has been accepted as a partial fulfillment of the requirement of Master‘s Degree in Botany (Ecology and Resource Management Unit). EXAMINATION COMMITTEE ………………………. ……………………. External Examiner Internal Examiner Dr. Rashila Deshar Dr. Anjana Devkota Assistant Professor Associate Professor Central Department of Environmental Science Central Department of Botany TU, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • Flowering Ecology of the Species of the Genus Hypoxidia (Hypoxidaceae: Asparagales)

    Flowering Ecology of the Species of the Genus Hypoxidia (Hypoxidaceae: Asparagales)

    Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Botany Volume 2011, Article ID 104736, 4 pages doi:10.1155/2011/104736 Research Article Flowering Ecology of the Species of the Genus Hypoxidia (Hypoxidaceae: Asparagales) Justin Gerlach Nature Protection Trust of Seychelles, 133 Cherry Hinton Road, Cambridge CB1 7BX, UK Correspondence should be addressed to Justin Gerlach, [email protected] Received 18 July 2011; Accepted 14 August 2011 Academic Editor: Karl Joseph Niklas Copyright © 2011 Justin Gerlach. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Hypoxidia (Hypoxidaceae) is endemic to the Seychelles islands. The two species H. rhizophylla and H. maheensis have rarely been studied. The first studies of floral ecology are described based on 19 years of observations of cultivated (1992–1994) and wild (1998–2011) plants of H. rhizophylla and a single flowering event of cultivated H. maheensis.InH. rhizophylla,heavyrainfallacts as a trigger to flowering, with flowers opening 14 days after heavy rain. This can occur in any month and local rainfall can act as a trigger even in generally dry conditions. Flowers are only open for a few hours, usually in the morning. Pollinators have not been identified but only one specie has been seen visiting flowers regularly; the fly Dichaetomyia fasciculifera (Muscidae) is common on Silhouette island where 12% of flowers are pollinated but very scarce on Mahewherefruitingof´ H. rhizophylla is rarely recorded. Low rates of pollination and limited dispersal is thought to result in effective isolation of most populations which probably mainly reproduce clonally.