Living with Security Dilemmas: Triggers of Ethnic Conflicts. The
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Georgian Country and Culture Guide
Georgian Country and Culture Guide მშვიდობის კორპუსი საქართველოში Peace Corps Georgia 2017 Forward What you have in your hands right now is the collaborate effort of numerous Peace Corps Volunteers and staff, who researched, wrote and edited the entire book. The process began in the fall of 2011, when the Language and Cross-Culture component of Peace Corps Georgia launched a Georgian Country and Culture Guide project and PCVs from different regions volunteered to do research and gather information on their specific areas. After the initial information was gathered, the arduous process of merging the researched information began. Extensive editing followed and this is the end result. The book is accompanied by a CD with Georgian music and dance audio and video files. We hope that this book is both informative and useful for you during your service. Sincerely, The Culture Book Team Initial Researchers/Writers Culture Sara Bushman (Director Programming and Training, PC Staff, 2010-11) History Jack Brands (G11), Samantha Oliver (G10) Adjara Jen Geerlings (G10), Emily New (G10) Guria Michelle Anderl (G11), Goodloe Harman (G11), Conor Hartnett (G11), Kaitlin Schaefer (G10) Imereti Caitlin Lowery (G11) Kakheti Jack Brands (G11), Jana Price (G11), Danielle Roe (G10) Kvemo Kartli Anastasia Skoybedo (G11), Chase Johnson (G11) Samstkhe-Javakheti Sam Harris (G10) Tbilisi Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Workplace Culture Kimberly Tramel (G11), Shannon Knudsen (G11), Tami Timmer (G11), Connie Ross (G11) Compilers/Final Editors Jack Brands (G11) Caitlin Lowery (G11) Conor Hartnett (G11) Emily New (G10) Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Compilers of Audio and Video Files Keti Chikovani (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator, PC Staff) Irakli Elizbarashvili (IT Specialist, PC Staff) Revised and updated by Tea Sakvarelidze (Language and Cross-Culture Coordinator) and Kakha Gordadze (Training Manager). -
A Stability Pact for the Caucasus in Theory and Practice
CENTRE FOR EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES WORKING DOCUMENT NO. 152 SEPTEMBER 2000 A STABILITY PACT FOR THE CAUCASUS IN THEORY AND PRACTICE - A SUPPLEMENTARY NOTE MICHAEL EMERSON NATHALIE TOCCI AND ELENA PROKHOROVA CEPS Working Documents are published to give an early indication of the work in progress within CEPS research programmes and to stimulate reactions from other experts in the field. Unless otherwise indicated, the views expressed are attributable only to the authors in a personal capacity and not to any institution with which they are associated. ISBN 92-9079-309-0 © Copyright 2000, Michael Emerson, Nathalie Tocci and Elena Prokhorova A Stability Pact for the Caucasus in Theory and Practice - A Supplementary Note CEPS Working Document No. 152, November 2000 Michael Emerson, Nathalie Tocci & Elena Prokhorova* Abstract In response to appeals of the leaders of the South Caucasus for a Stability Pact for the region, CEPS published in May 2000 a consultative document with a comprehensive proposal (available on www.ceps.be). Subsequently the authors have held extensive consultations with the leaders in all three states of the South Caucasus, and in four of the key autonomies (Nagorno Karabakh, Abkhazia, Adjaria, Ossetia). The present paper draws together the information and ideas collected during these consultations, although the conclusions are only attributable to the authors. The main argument of the original document is maintained, and strengthened with more precise views on how the conflicts might be solved within the framework of a Stability Pact. However the proposed Stability Pact process could be more than just an approach to conflict resolution. It has systemic or even constitutional aspects, with elements to overcome the transitional problems of the weak state and ease the confrontations of traditional notions such as independence versus territorial integrity, or the choice between federation and confederation, which are part of the present impasse. -
CEDAW/C/USR/Q/7/Add.1
United Nations CEDAW/C/USR/Q/7/Add.1 Convention on the Elimination Distr.: General of All Forms of Discrimination 22 May 2010 English against Women Original: Russian Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Pre-session working group Forty-sixth session 12-30 July 2010 Responses to the list of issues and questions with regard to the consideration of the combined sixth and seventh periodic report Russian Federation* * The present report is being issued without formal editing. 10-27811 (E) 140510 220510 *1027811* CEDAW/C/USR/Q/7/Add.1 Information on issues and questions of the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women in connection with submission of the (sixth and seventh) periodic report on the implementation in the Russian Federation of the United Nations Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women 2 10-27811 CEDAW/C/USR/Q/7/Add.1 2010 Contents page 1 Information on issues and questions ............................................................................................ 4 2. Annex 1. Basic statistical information ......................................................................................... 49 3. Annex 2. Additional materials ..................................................................................................... 76 4. Annex 3 List of normative legal acts adopted in 2008-2009........................................................ 122 10-27811 3 CEDAW/C/USR/Q/7/Add.1 Information on issues and questions of the Committee on the Elimination -
Crisis of Secularism and Loyalty Towards the Dominant Group
Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center (EMC) Crisis of Secularism and Loyalty towards the Dominant Group The Role of the Government in the 2012-2013 Religious Conflicts in Georgia Tbilisi 2013 1 The project is implemented in the framework of The East-West Management Institute’s (EWMI) Policy, Advocacy, and Civil Society Development in Georgia (G-PAC) Program, funded by United States Agency for International Development (USAID). The project is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the USAID. The content is the responsibility of Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center (EMC) and does not necessarily reflect the view of USAID, the United States Government, or EWMI. Author: Tamta Mikeladze Research team: Lina Ghvinianidze Dato Laghidze Giorgi Noniashvili Maia Barkaia Nino Guruli Editor: Sarah Delys Translators: Mariam Uberi Tatuli Chubabria The study was prepared and published by the Human Rights Education and Monitoring Center Tel.: (995 32) 223 15 58 E-mail: [email protected] Facebook: facebook.com/rightsemc 3 Shanidze st., Tbilisi 0179, Georgia Print run: 500 copies It is prohibited to reprint, copy or distribute the study for commercial purposes without written consent of the EMC 2 Contents Introduction................................................................................................................... 6 1. Research objective and methodology ......................................................................... 7 1.1 Research objective ................................................................ 7 1.2 Research methodology............................................................8 1.2.1 Instruments for collecting empirical data.............................8 1.2.2. Description of the study performed in Nigvziani, Tsintskaro and Samtskaro ......8 1.2.3. Instruments used for the processing the empirical data theoretically................9 2. Review of the religious conflict in Nigvziani Village.........................................................10 2.1. -
State Building and Conflict Resolution in the Caucasus
State Building and Confl ict Resolution in the Caucasus Eurasian Studies Library Historical, Political and Social Studies of Slavic and Islamic Cultures in the Eurasian Region VOLUME 1 State Building and Confl ict Resolution in the Caucasus By Charlotte Hille LEIDEN • BOSTON 2010 On the cover: Cristina Garcia Rodero/Magnum Photos/Hollandse Hoogte. Georgia, A woman from a small village of South Ossetia. Th is book is printed on acid-free paper. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Hille, Charlotte Mathilde Louise, 1964– State building and confl ict resolution in the Caucasus / by Charlotte Hille. p. cm. — (Eurasian studies library) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-90-04-17901-1 (hardback : alk. paper) 1. Nation-building—Caucasus—History. 2. Ethnic confl ict—Caucasus—History. 3. Social confl ict—Caucasus—History. 4. Political violence—Caucasus—History. 5. Confl ict management—Caucasus—History. 6. Caucasus—History. 7. Caucasus— Ethnic relations. 8. Caucasus—Politics and government. I. Title. II. Series. DK509.H55 2010 947.5084—dc22 2009045374 ISSN 1877-9484 ISBN 978 90 04 17901 1 Copyright 2010 by Koninklijke Brill NV, Leiden, Th e Netherlands. Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Hotei Publishing, IDC Publishers, Martinus Nijhoff Publishers and VSP. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, translated, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use is granted by Koninklijke Brill NV provided that the appropriate fees are paid directly to Th e Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Suite 910, Danvers, MA 01923, USA. -
Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia
Language Policy and National Identity in Georgia A thesis submitted for the degree of PhD to Queen Mary University of London 2011 Rusudan Amirejibi-Mullen Linguistics Abstract Language has been long recognised as a powerful marker of national identity, as has its role in transforming multi-ethnic societies into unified nations. Such is the case of multi-ethnic and multilingual Georgia, where language has today become a crucial factor in interethnic relations and in the Georgian nation-building process. This thesis sheds light on the nature of kartveloba (Georgianness) by examining Georgian language policy over the entire history of the nation. Despite the country’s long-standing civilisation and its established culture, Georgian statehood began to decline from the second half of the thirteenth century, until the country was eventually incorporated into the Russian empire at the beginning of the nineteenth century. Since then, there have been several attempts to instigate a ‘national revival’: 1) the cultural/linguistic movement of the nineteenth century, 2) the struggle to build a nation-state in 1918-1921, 3) the national liberation movement during the Soviet period (1921-1991), and 4) nation- state building in the post-Soviet period. All of these periods display common features with regard to language policy. 2 After investigating language policy and identity developments in the pre- modern period, this thesis examines Georgia under Russian rule (both Tsarist and Soviet), which made the country vulnerable to ethnic conflicts, and tries to explain the violent outcomes. The thesis goes on to examine public debate of language and minority issues, as well as efforts to elaborate inclusive language and ethnic policies in contemporary Georgia. -
Secession and Survival: Nations, States and Violent Conflict by David S
Secession and Survival: Nations, States and Violent Conflict by David S. Siroky Department of Political Science Duke University Date: Approved: Dr. Donald L. Horowitz, Supervisor Dr. David L. Banks Dr. Alexander B. Downes Dr. Bruce W. Jentleson Dr. Erik Wibbels Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Political Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2009 abstract (Political Science) Secession and Survival: Nations, States and Violent Conflict by David S. Siroky Department of Political Science Duke University Date: Approved: Dr. Donald L. Horowitz, Supervisor Dr. David L. Banks Dr. Alexander B. Downes Dr. Bruce W. Jentleson Dr. Erik Wibbels An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Political Science in the Graduate School of Duke University 2009 Copyright c 2009 by David S. Siroky All rights reserved Abstract Secession is a watershed event not only for the new state that is created and the old state that is dissolved, but also for neighboring states, proximate ethno-political groups and major powers. This project examines the problem of violent secession- ist conflict and addresses an important debate at the intersection of comparative and international politics about the conditions under which secession is a peaceful solution to ethnic conflict. It demonstrates that secession is rarely a solution to ethnic conflict, does not assure the protection of remaining minorities and produces new forms of violence. To explain why some secessions produce peace, while others generate violence, the project develops a theoretical model of the conditions that produce internally coherent, stable and peaceful post-secessionist states rather than recursive secession (i.e., secession from a new secessionist state) or interstate dis- putes between the rump and secessionist state. -
1 Abkhazia: a Problem of Identity and Ownership History and Documents the Abkhazians Living in Turkey Have Preserved Very Well T
1 Abkhazia: a problem of identity and ownership History and Documents The Abkhazians living in Turkey have preserved very well the customs, language and dances carried there from Abkhazia by their ancestors. The etiquette of the Abkhazians (apswara ) is strictly observed. Of late they have been asking us to send them copies of the alphabet, books, teaching manuals, films on Abkhazia, recordings of songs, language-primers. In hundreds of letters sent to the homeland there resounds a passionate longing to become acquainted with the life and culture of the Abkhazians residing in the motherland, and we believe that the time will soon come when many of them, setting foot on the soil of their forebears, will say: ‘Greetings, our father Caucasus, greetings, our mother Apsn y!’... The collective History of Abkhazia (in Russian), Sukhum, 1991, page 281. The first variant of this paper was composed for The Nationalities’ Journal (New York) in the summer of 1991, when the ex-dissident and rabid demagogue Zviad Gamsakhurdia still headed the government in Tbilisi and before the Soviet regime had collapsed in the wake of the failed August coup. The second variant was an up-date to the middle of June 1992, taking account of events following the overthrow of Gamsakhurdia and the return to Georgia of former Party Boss Eduard Shevardnadze to head the (then still illegitimate) State Council. This variant was delivered at SOAS’ Conference on Transcaucasian Boundary Disputes (15 June) and will appear in the volume arising out of that conference. A further adaptation and up-date to 11 October 1992 (the day of Georgia’s ‘democratic’ elections in which Shevardnadze, being the only candidate for head of state, duly received his ‘personal triumph’) was prepared for submission to the Parliamentary Human Rights’ Group at the invitation of its chairman Lord Avebury. -
The Idea of Macro-Communal Space and Its Applicability to the Ethno-Complex Societies of the Post-Soviet Caucasus and Central Asia
e-cadernos CES 19 | 2013 Novos olhares sobre o espaço pós-soviético The Idea of Macro-Communal Space and its Applicability to the Ethno-Complex Societies of the Post-Soviet Caucasus and Central Asia Tiago Ferreira Lopes Electronic version URL: http://journals.openedition.org/eces/1575 DOI: 10.4000/eces.1575 ISSN: 1647-0737 Publisher Centro de Estudos Sociais da Universidade de Coimbra Electronic reference Tiago Ferreira Lopes, « The Idea of Macro-Communal Space and its Applicability to the Ethno- Complex Societies of the Post-Soviet Caucasus and Central Asia », e-cadernos CES [Online], 19 | 2013, Online since 01 June 2013, connection on 19 April 2019. URL : http://journals.openedition.org/ eces/1575 ; DOI : 10.4000/eces.1575 e-cadernos CES, 19, 2013: 109-131 THE IDEA OF MACRO-COMMUNAL SPACE AND ITS APPLICABILITY TO THE ETHNO- COMPLEX SOCIETIES OF THE POST-SOVIET CAUCASUS AND CENTRAL ASIA TIAGO FERREIRA LOPES FACULTY OF ECONOMIC AND ADMINISTRATIVE SCIENCES, KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY, TURKEY INSTITUTO DO ORIENTE, INSTITUTO SUPERIOR DE CIÊNCIAS SOCIAIS E POLÍTICAS DA UNIVERSIDADE DE LISBOA, PORTUGAL Abstract: Rustow defined National Unity as the sole prerequisite to a transition towards democracy. Later, a second prerequisite was introduced: the Modern State. Despite the importance of these two prerequisites, there is a need to introduce a third prerequisite to encompass ethno-complex societies. It is difficult to achieve National Unity in ethno-complex settings, because societies are highly fragmented and the several “fragments” do not perceive themselves as equal. In this regard, macro-communal spaces act as a harmonizing pre-chamber in which similarities are enhanced but differences are not forgotten. -
Nato Mw Report 2004-2005
Final Report - Manfred Wörner Fellowship 2004 / 2005 Prospects For Regional Cooperation on NATO’s South Eastern Border Developing a Turkish-Russian Cooperation in South Caucasus Submitted on 30 June 2005 By Dr. Burcu Gültekin Institut d’Etudes Politiques de Paris Turkish-Armenian Business Development Council In consultation with the Economy & Conflict Research Group of South Caucasus (ECRG) / International Alert 1 Acknowledgments This report has been possible thanks to NATO’s Manfred Wörner fellowship. I am profoundly grateful to the Public Diplomacy Division at NATO Headquarters, notably to Deputy Assistant Secretary General for External Relations Dr. Jamie Shea and to Dr. Stefanie Babst, Head of NATO Countries Section. My special thanks go to Despina Afentouli, Information Officer Greece and responsible for South Caucasus, whose friendly support has been particularly valuable throughout all the research process, and to Ioanna Synadino. I have benefited from conversations with Robert Simmons, Deputy Assistant Secretary General for Security Cooperation and Partnership and with Amb. Daniel Speckhard, Director of Policy Planning at the Office of the Secretary General. My deep thanks go to Ünal Çeviköz, Ambassador of Turkey to Bagdat, who has actively supported my work on the South Caucasus for many years and to Ertan Tezgör, Ambassador of Turkey to Tbilisi for his continuous help and multiple in-depth discussions during my research in Tbilisi. Brigadier General Muzaffer Çarpan, Turkish Armed Forces Attaché at the Turkish Embassy in Tbilisi, David Sikarulidze, Deputy Minister of Defense of Georgia and General Melkunian from the Ministry of Defense of Armenia have been gracious with their time and insights. I am grateful to Henry Cuny, Ambassador of France to Yerevan for his valuable support to my Turkish-Armenian initiatives, and to Amb. -
41 Features of the Culture and Language of The
ISSN 2414-1143 Научный альманах стран Причерноморья. 2021. Том 26. № 2 DOI 10.23947/2414-1143-2021-26-2-41-46 UDC 327.8:811.353.1 FEATURES OF THE CULTURE AND LANGUAGE OF THE GEORGIAN PEOPLE Dinara Ya. Gordienko, Elmira A. Imanmagomedova, Aida I. Akavova Rostov State University of Economics, Rostov-on-Don; Dagestan State Medical University, Dagestan State University of National Economy, Makhachkala, Dagestan Republic, Russian Federation [email protected] Culture is made up of many elements. Some of the elements are more obvious, others less: clothing, language, food, customs, beliefs, values, religious beliefs, superstitions, etc. In recent years, there has been an increase in academic interest in the culture and heritage of the Black Sea region. The increased empha- sis and interest in issues of national identity in the states of the region have made a significant contribution to scientific discussions. The culture and language of Georgia has changed, enriched and developed in the process of centuries-old history, forming unique customs and traditions. At the same time, the issue of na- tional dress in the historical and cultural aspects, its connection with national identity was rarely considered in publications. It was emphasized that the Georgian national costume reveals cultural traditions, history, beliefs, ideas about the beauty of the Georgian people. Key words: culture, language, nation, identity, Georgian people, national costume, Georgian writing, agglutinative language. [Д.Я. Гордиенко, Э.А. Иманмагомедова, А.И. Акавова Особенности культуры и языка грузин- ского народа] Культура состоит из множества элементов. Одни из элементов, составляющих культуру более очевидны, другие менее: одежда, язык, еда, обычаи, убеждения, ценности, религиозные верования, суеверия и т.п. -
2 Annex I Objective Data Contained in the ''Draft Report from the Georgian
Annex I Objective data contained in the ‘’draft report from the Georgian anthropologist, such as data of historical, geographical or anthropological nature, and maps’’ Following the European Ombudsman’s proposal for a solution, the present document collates the objective data contained in the draft report provided to the EIB by the Promoter in November 2016 (referred to by the European Ombudsman as the ‘’draft report from the Georgian anthropologist’’) as part of the project appraisal. It is important to clarify that the draft report was never intended as a final stand-alone document. The Promoter used it to elaborate another draft working document, which was then used for the elaboration of Volume 3 of the project’s Social Impact Assessment. The latter is publicly available on the EIB website (http://www.eib.org/en/infocentre/registers/register/80380170). In full consideration of the European Ombudsman’s proposal for a solution, the EIB assessed the possibility to disclose said “objective data” on the basis of the provisions of the EIB Group Transparency Policy (EIB-TP). Information covered by the exception for disclosure described in section 5 of the EIB-TP has been redacted and replaced by the symbol […], in addition to non-objective data. This concerns information which if disclosed would undermine the protection of international relations (Art. 5.4 a, first bullet), as well as the privacy and integrity of individuals (Art. 5.4 b). No overriding public interest has been found that would prevail over relevant exceptions. Conclusion on Indigenous People's Issues Statement 1. Svans are Georgians. Svans comprise an ethnic sub‐group of Georgian (Kartvelian) ethnic group.