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Regarding Healthy Urban Governance and Physical Environment Sang Chul Park Florida State University Libraries Electronic Theses, Treatises and Dissertations The Graduate School 2012 Sustainability, Smart Growth and the Improvement of Public Health: Regarding Healthy Urban Governance and Physical Environment Sang Chul Park Follow this and additional works at the FSU Digital Library. For more information, please contact [email protected] THE FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND PUBLIC POLICIES SUSTAINABILITY, SMART GROWTH AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF PUBLIC HEALTH: REGARDING HEALTHY URBAN GOVERNANCE AND PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT By SANG CHUL PARK A Dissertation submitted to the Askew School of Public Administration & Policy in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Degree Awarded: Summer Semester, 2012 Sang-Chul Park defended this dissertation on May, 25th, 2012. The members of the supervisory committee were: Richard C. Feiock Professor Directing Dissertation Laura Arpan University Representative Lance deHaven-Smith Committee Member Keon-Hyung Lee Committee Member Christopher Coutts Committee Member The Graduate School has verified and approved the above-named committee members, and certifies that the dissertation has been approved in accordance with university requirements. ii Dedicated to my father and mother; my father and mother in law; my wife Se-Jin; and my lovely daughter Naro iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to present my appreciation many professors and colleagues providing support and assistance for the completion of my dissertation. Without their supports, I could not finish my dissertation and academic works. First of all, I sincerely thank my advisor, Dr. Richard C. Feiock, who encouraged me to work and study hard. From the beginning of my studies at Florida State University, he was not only an intellectual stimulator but also a mentor to me. In terms of his instruction, I learned how I am able to become a great scholar and how I encourage my future students. Also, I want to express my appreciation to my committee members who are Dr Keon- Hyung Lee, Dr. Lance deHaven-Smith, Dr. Christopher Coutts, and Dr Laura Arpan. I could not forget their comments and encouragement, in-depth discussion during my courses and dissertation defense. Also, I give my thanks to my colleagues for Askew School life and academic accomplishments: Nayoung Ryu and Yong Woo Lee, Jungah-Bae, Hyun-Sang Ha and his wife, Tae-Seop Yoon, Tae-Kyu Wang and his wife, Jung-Won Park and his wife, Jisun Yum, Eunmi Choi, Chang-Kyu Kwak and his wife, Seung-Hoo Lim, Min-Sun Song. Finally, I want to say, “I love my family; my father and mother, my father and mother in law, my wife and daughter, my brother and his wife, my brother in law and his wife. Especially, I sincerely thank to my wife (Se-Jin Lee) for her long patience and unlimited love and support. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES……………….................................................................................................vii LIST OF FIGURES……..............................................................................................................viii ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................ix CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1 I-1 Current Insights in Public Health ...................................................................................1 I-2 Dissertation Objectives and Significances .....................................................................5 I-3 Overview of the Dissertation .........................................................................................8 CHAPTER II. PUBLIC HEALTH AND HEALTHY CITY ..................................................10 II-1 Public Health and New Urbanism ................................................................................14 II-2 Public Health and Healthy Urban Governance ............................................................18 CHAPTER III. PUBLIC HEALTH AND COMPREHENSIVE PLAN .................................20 III-1 Urban Politics and Comprehensive Plan......................................................................22 CHAPTER IV. THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVE ..................................................................25 IV-1 Institutional Analysis ...................................................................................................26 IV-1-1 Political Market Framework ............................................................................27 IV-1-1-1 Local Executive Structure.....................................................................28 IV-1-1-1-1 Municipal Government................................................................29 IV-1-1-1-2 County Government ....................................................................30 IV-1-1-2 Community Characteristics and Interest Groups ..................................32 IV-2 Collaborative Planning Governance ..............................................................................34 IV-3 Place-Based Population Health ....................................................................................37 CHAPTER V. DISSERTATION DESIGN................................................................................41 V-1 Unit of Analysis ..............................................................................................................43 V-2 Data Sources and Measurement ......................................................................................45 V-3 Data Evaluation ..............................................................................................................52 V-4 Descriptive Statistics ......................................................................................................58 V-5 Analytical Model Specification ......................................................................................65 CHAPTER VI. EMPIRICAL RESULTS ..................................................................................70 v CHAPTER VII. IMPLICATION AND DISCUSSION ............................................................80 VII-1 Synthesized Theoretical Framework ............................................................................80 VII-2 Theoretical and Analytical Implications ......................................................................83 VII-2-1 Selection of Comprehensive Plan for Public Health Improvement ................83 VII-2-2 Comprehensiveness of Urban Plan for Public Health Improvement ..............86 VII-2-3 Application of ‘City and County Limit’ and Local Policy Priority ................87 VII-3 Practical Implication ....................................................................................................88 VII-4 Dissertation Limitation and Future Study ....................................................................89 REFERENCE ...............................................................................................................................95 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH ....................................................................................................104 vi LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Health Promotion Strategies, Levels and Cross Cutting Actions ....................................12 Table 2. The Solutions of Urban Sprawl by Smart Growth Practices ...........................................16 Table 3. Comparison between Conventional and Relational View of Place .................................38 Table 4. APA Survey of Comprehensive Plan to Address Public Health .....................................47 Table 5. Comparability of Population Health across States ..........................................................49 Table 6. Data Measurement of Political Market Framework and Collaborative Planning Governance ....................................................................................................................................50 Table 7. Population Health Measurement ......................................................................................51 Table 8. Descriptive Statistics of Municipalities ...........................................................................59 Table 9. Descriptive Statistics of Counties ....................................................................................61 Table 10. Correlation Matrix among Municipality’s Factors ........................................................62 Table 11. Correlation Matrix among County’s Factors .................................................................63 Table 12. Acronym about Factors of Municipalities and Counties ...............................................64 Table 13. Model Goodness Fit of Heckman Selection Model .......................................................70 Table 14. Heckman Selection Analysis of Comprehensive Plan in Municipalities ......................73 Table 15. Heckman Selection Analysis of Comprehensive Plan in Counties ...............................76 Table 16. Model Goodness Fit of Path Analysis ...........................................................................77 Table 17. Descriptive Statistics of Municipalities with Population over 20,000 ...........................91 Table 18. Model Goodness Fit of Heckman Selection Model .......................................................92 Table 19. Heckman Selection Analysis of Municipalities with Population over 20,000 ..............93 Table 20. Heckman Selection Analysis
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