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SB, Bombay Presidency, Poona, January 374 DISTURBANCES IN CAWNPORE CONGRESS [1926 1926 Page 41, para. 106-A (2)— S. B., Bombay Presidency, Poona, January 21.—From about the middle of December, volunteers and delegates flocked to Cawnpore from all over the country. The delegates numbered about 3,500 and volunteers about 1,100. A huge crowd collected on December 23 to welcome Gandhi and Mrs. Naidu, the President-elect of the Congress, the former receiving the greater share of popular attention. Very little interest was taken in Mrs. Naidu, except by the Communists, on account of her imperialistic ideas and ill-treatment of Lala Lajpatrai. In fact, a movement was on foot to boycott her arrival, but nothing came of it. The Congress camp daily attracted large crowds who merely came to see the tamasha and took but little interest in the political propaganda. The attitude of the crowd was quiet and friendly and no sign of enmity against Europeans or Government servants could be seen. The same may be said of the Congress volunteers and audience inside the pandal. Mrs. Naidu as President cannot be said to have been altogether a success. She commanded little attention or respect and was able to maintain her position only by Gandhi's tactful self-effacement. Gandhi after the passing of the yarn-franchise was seldom seen in the Congress. Except for the outbreak of the Ali Brothers, Hasrat Mohani and similar firebrands, the proceedings of the Congress were unusually mild and quiet. The Muslims held aloof, the Maharashtra party was in rebellion and an unhappy quarrel with the Rajputana delegates turned them and their communist friends into acting enemies, who headed by Arjunlal Sethi and Hasrat Mohani attempted, in spite of the volunteers, to storm the pandal and threatened to burn down the Congress camp. A lathi-fight ensued and a few heads and many feelings were hurt. However, the Congress did work for three days and after passing the yarn-franchise, which was done to keep Gandhi with Congress, the resolution regarding the compulsory wearing of khaddar was thrown out by a large majority. Motilal Nehru had an idea that the split between the Congress and the Maharashtra party might be patched up by a compromise allowing those that wished to do so to take up Responsive co-operation, but Gandhi made it clear that he was opposed to this and it was finally decided that no Congressman should be allowed to accept a paid Government post, though they may be allowed for the present to carry on work in the Assembly and the Councils. This naturally irritated Kelkar and Jayakar and their followers. They threatened to break away from the Congress and to form a new organisation but 1926] WANT OF A NATIONAL LEADER 375 were over-persuaded, and Kelkar and Jayakar have now resigned their Government posts and are devoting themselves to propaganda on behalf of Responsive Co-operation. Led by Motilal Nehru the Congress passed a resolution to the effect that a fresh demand for Self-Government should be made in the Assembly and it was decided that if this did not meet with a satisfactory response before the end of February 1926, the Working Committee of the Congress should decide whether or not Civil Disobedience should be started. The last two resolutions are regarded by many people as mere electioneering propaganda and incapable of enforcement. It is very probable that after the coming election there will be an important change in the Congress programme involving rapprochement with the Maharashtra party. Resolutions were also passed condemning the Bengal Ordinance, the Burmeses Sea Passages Tax, the Non-Burman Offenders' Expulsion Bill, the proposal to settle Moplah Prisoners in the Andamans, with resolutions of sympathy with the Indians in South Africa and with the Sikhs in their troubles. In the Congress pandal there was a feeling of unreality about the proceedings. Nona of the visitors and few of the delegates could hear the speeches, and they consequently indulged in private conversation ; even the more important resolutions aroused little general interest. Before the actual session of the Congress, a feeling had come ovei a very minor section of the leaders that in the absence of a letder unanimously accepted as such by the masses and who was realty able to lead them, the country would not in any way be beneited by the Congress or the manifold conferences, which produced rivalry, jealousy and envy amongst the different political workers and ended in social, political and communal splits, so very damaging to the progress of the country. But they could not say this openly to prevent the waste of public money over such meetngs, so long as the majority wanted all these shows to display their own qualifications (or the lack of them) and for this reason many prominent persons from this Presidency did not even trouble to attend the Congress, L. B. Bhoptkar, K. G. Lohokare, N. R Gunjal, R. G. Soman, D. V. Belvi being instances of the above kind. Pace 101, para. 216— Ahmedabad, January 30.—Mr. and Mrs. Conrad and Miss Beste went to the Ashram at 3-30 p.m. on January 25th, but they did not see M. K. Gandhi as he was ill. They left for Bombay the same day. 376 RUMOURS ABOUT CHINA VISIT [1926 Page 137, para. 334— Ahmedabad, February 13.—The following members of the South African Delegation came here on February 13 from Delhi to see M. K. Gandhi. They stayed at the Ashram and had a talk in camera with M. K. Gandhi for about three hours. M. K. Gandhi advised them to stand on their own legs as he did not think that they would get sound support from the Government of India. He told them that both he and Mrs. Naidu would come to South Africa if required. B. S. Pather, James Godfrey, G. Mirza and Amod Bhayat. The last had come from Surat on February 14. Page 140, para. 349— Panch Mahals, February 13.—The Baria Parishad was held at Paragadh on February 9. Vallabhbhai J. Patel presided and about 2,000 persons were present of whom the majority were Dharallas. Several prominent non-co-operators attended. Abbas Tyabji, Gopaldas Ambaidas Desai, Kallianji Vithalbhai Mehta, Dayalji Nanubhai Desai, Laxmidas Nanubhai Desai, Waman Sitaram Mukadam, Mahadev Haribhai Desai and others. The President opened the proceedings by giving a message from Gandhi. This message chiefly consisted of advice to use the charkha and to abstain from liquor and drugs. Page 207, para. 552— Ahmedabad, March 20.—M. K. Gandhi will go to Mussooree early in April. It is also rumoured that he is likely to go to China. Vallabhbhai J. Patel on being asked said there was some correspondence about it; but nothing was settled yet. Page 215, para. 573-A— Ahmedabad, March 20.—On March 19, 20 and 21 there was a singing jalsa held here under M. K. Gandhi's presidentship. On the 19th and 20th it was held in the Premabhai Hall for which tickets had to be purchased. On the 21st it was held at the Ashram and was free. Page 220, para. 585— Ahmedabad, March 27.—M. K. Gandhi has postponed going to Mussooree for about two weeks. He has wired to C. Rajagopala-chari to come and see him before he goes. Page 244, para. 675— Ahmedabad, April 10.—Madan Mohan Malaviya came here on March 8, saw M. K. Gandhi, and left the same day for Jaipur. 1926] SABARMATI PACT 377 Page 259, para. 715— Ahmedabad, April 17.—M. K. Gandhi has cancelled his visit to Mussooree as he is much better in health. Page 262, para. 727— April 28.—The following is a cutting from the Mahratta, dated April 25, 1926: — CONGRESS AFFAIRS SABARMATI CONFERENCE. AGREEMENT -REACHED. Acceptance of Office agreed to. The following joint statement has been issued to the press:— "A conference convened at the instance of Pandit Motilal Nehru was held at Sabarmati (Ahmedabad) on Tuesday and Wednesday, 20th and 21st April. The following persons were present:— Mr. Gandhi, Mrs. Naidu, Lala Lajpat Rai, Messrs. Kelkar, Jayakar, Aney, Moonje, D. V. Gokhale and G. A. Ogale. A few other friends, who had been invited, could not attend owing to other engagements. A number of telegrams and letters were received containing individual opinions expressed on matters likely to come up for discussion in the conference with a view to settle the difference between the Swarajists and the Responsivists. In particular, a long telegram was received from Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya which contained suggestions for bringing together all the Indian parties on a common platform in a united Congress. The discussion lasted for two days into which both the parties entered in a frank and friendly spirit. It centred round the resolution of the All-India Congress Committee passed at Delhi in March last, the resolution adopted by the Responsive Co-operation Party at Akola in February last and the resolutions adopted at the sessions of the Indian National party held in Bombay on the 3rd and 4th instants. TEXT OF THE AGREEMENT. The conference adopted the following as embodying its decision on the points specially discussed:— It is hereby agreed between the undersigned, subject to the confirmation of the All-India Congress Committee that the response made by the Government shall for the purpose of clause (A) 378 OFFICE ACCEPTANCE IF POWER GRANTED [1926 and (B) of resolution 2B-(4) of the All-India Congress Committee, dated 6th and 7 th March 1926, be considered satisfactory in the provinces, if power, responsibility and initiative necessary for the effective discharge of their duties are secured to the Ministers and the sufficiency of such power, responsibility and initiative in each province shall be decided, in the first instance, by the Congress members of the Legislative Council of that province subject to confirmation by a Committee consisting of Pandit Motilal Nehru and Mr.
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