Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Lecture 1. Introduction & Course Overview
Spring 2011
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Instructor & Course Info
• Professor : 김현주 • Class time : Wed 4-6pm, Wed 1-4(Open Lab) • Credit Hour: 2 hours • Contact : – Office: Room 101 (등촌), Seoul Media Lab(상암) – Phone: 02-6393-3238, Cell: 010-3050-9905 – Email: [email protected] – Office hour: Fri 10am-5pm • Class BBS : http://kgit.kr/html/?depth=280 • Class Email Group: [email protected]
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Course Overview
Intermediate & advanced methods and knowledge of 3D CG modeling and animation for stereoscopic contents production will be featured in this studio class. Students are expected to learn, but not limited to the topics below:
• Animation Production Workflow • Workflow of Stereoscopic 3D CG • Maya’s structure and functions • Theory and Practice of Modeling • Theory and Practice of Texturing/Shading • Theory and Practice of Lighting/Staging • Theory and Practice of Animation • Stereoscopic Camera & Rendering • Theory and Practice of Composition & Post Production • Work Review
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Textbook
• 주교재 – Maya Summary, 곽기훈 저, 디지털북스, 2008 – 3D 입체영상제작 워크북, 최양현 외 3명, 2011 • 참고문헌 – The Art of 3-D Computer Animation and Effects, Third Edition (Paperback) by Isaac Victor Kerlow, John Wiley & Sons; 3 edition (August 12, 2003) ISBN: 0471430366 – 3D 초급자를 위한 MAYA 7.0 50일 완성 이승엽 | 정재환 (지은이) | 가메출판사 | 2006-01-03 – 3D 입체영화제작기술, Bermard Mendiburu (이승현 역), Focal Press (영화진흥위), 2010 – Introducing Maya 2008 with CD-Rom Paperback Dariush Derakhshani | WROX Press (or similar versions)
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Why CG 3D for Stereoscopic Production?
• Simple setup for virtual cameras • Easy of preview & adjustment • Characteristics of 3D CGI contents fits well to many stereoscopic storytelling.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Tools
• SW for 3D modeling & animation: – Autodesk 3DS Max, XSI, Maya, Cinema4D
• Other Composite software : – Autodesk Toxik, Foundry Nuke (ocula plug-in), Luster
• Autodesk Maya : – Since 2009, Stereo virtual camera plugin is offered – Many major CG animation is produced by this including “Avatar”
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Graphic Modeling
• Types: – Solid modeling – Shell/Boundary modeling
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation • Purposes: – Scientific visualization – Medical illustration – Motion pictures – Video game, Augmented Reality, 3D virtual SNS(Second life) – Architectural models (space visualization) – CAD – Art print – 3D Rapid prototype
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation • Hyun Ju Kim
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation
• Kenneth Huff
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation • Kenneth Huff
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Animation
• General Term A simulation of movement created by displaying a series of pictures, or frames. • Specialties – Animation ( Narrative, Experimental ) – Visual Effect – Motion graphics
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation History
Ancient cavemen’s drawing -The very first animation -The trial to capture motion in their art - ex.Eight legged boar - Altamira cave of Northern Spane - ex2. Egyptian wall decoration-sequence of wrestling motions
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation History
• Persistance of Vision -”Eye retains images when it is exposed to a series of pictures at a time” -1928, Paul Roget
• Thaumatrope
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation History
• Phenakistoscope by Joseph Plateau1826
• Zoetrope by Pierr Desvignes 1860
• Motion camera and projectors by Thomas Edison
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation History
• Start of computer and its graphics – Ivan Sutherland at MIT - Sketchpad 1960s – David Evans at Univ. of Utah - 3D graphic algorithms • Historic figures in CG John Witney Sr., Charles Csuri, Robert Abel
Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Animation Production Workflow
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Preproduction
• Story/Script • Storyboard • Character and model design • Sound Design • Technical Test • Production Scheduling • Considerations for stereoscopic production
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Storyboard
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Storyboard
• For presentation
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Character Sketch
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D GraphicWork Modelingby Olivia & WeissAnimation Model Sheets
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D GraphicWork Modelingby Olivia & WeissAnimation OrthographicOthographic Drawings Drawing
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Modeling • Character Setup • Shading & Texturing • Animation • Lighting • Rendering
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Modeling – Process of building characters, props and environments in the scene – most time consuming process, hard to reverse the result of modeling later on – planning modeling is important
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Neutral Pose
• Chris Pose, modified Chris Pose, Harley pose
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Shading & Texturing - Process that adds realistic or stylized surface elements to the models - A material is created that determines the surface’s characteristics- color, transparency, shininess, bumpiness, reflection… - Bitmap image mapping, UV mapping for skin… - More adjustment later for final rendering
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Character Setup (Rigging) – Process of preparing a character so that it can be animated – Create skeletons and control objects – Binding skeletons to a character model, where a character can finally deform as joints move
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Animation - Process to create movement in the scene through out time. - Key framing - Block and refine technique (rough test by checking key frames without in-between frames)
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Rendering - The process of creating a raster image, sequence of images or a movie file from all the data constructed with the 3D scene - Rendering time depends on model geometry, number of lights, quality and size of output - Stereoscopic rendering involves two tracks of randerin path for the left & right clips.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Production
• Considerations * process is not always linear, you will often go back and forth adjusting models, lights, and textures throughout the process * the more efficient your scene, the better for render times * the more experience you get, the better eye you will have for efficiency * Understanding the workflow of 3D animation is first step of getting started!!
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Post Production
• The process of editing 3D elements into final form, sometimes by combining with other elements such as film and video footages, and sound track
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Graphics Fundamentals
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Coordinate Space
• 3D space is merely the virtual area in which you create your models and execute your animation • Why coordinate system? • to define the location of a point in space numerically • precise and understandable by computer • It is based on the Cartesian coordinate system, a geometric map developed by Rene Descartes
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Coordinate Space
• Cartesian coordinate system
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation 3D Coordinate Space
• Local & world coordinate system - Pivot point: A point which 3D computer program recognizes as the origin of the object. - World( or Global ) coordinate system has absolute origin of (0,0,0) - Local coordinate system has its origin as an object’s pivot point.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric components • Point: - A location in space by using numbers given in the XYZ dimension - Has no size or volume. - Cannot be rendered
• Line - The entity that spans directly between two points. - Defined by the X, Y and Z locations of two endpoints. - Edge is a type of line that is defined by adjacent sides of polygons - 1 dimensional( length ) but has no thickness, no height, no depth.. - Does not appear in rendered image
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric components
• Plane - The trace produced by moving a line in any one direction - 2 dimensional( the length of original line & width ) - Continues infinitely in two directions (slightly different from surface) * Polygon is a planar surface defined by a number of vertices. • Curve - A type of smooth line that is usually defined by several points and deviated from a straight path - 2 dimensional or 3 dimensional
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric components
• Curved Surface A surface produced by moving a curve through space, either along straight line or curve * Patch – A curved surface generated from two spline curves
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Viewing Window
• You see 3D space by 2D viewing windows, by projecting the 3D viewing volume into 2D plane.
• Two types of viewing window • Perspective (or Camera) • Employs perspective distortion: object in the distance appear small than that are closer to the viewer • Orthographic • No perspectives counted for viewing. Same size of object regardless of distance from viewer • Top, Front, Side viewing window
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Viewing Window
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric Primitives
• Basic geometric shapes which can be easily defined mathematically and popularly used in 3D graphic user, thus provided as a library.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Transformation
• The act of moving, rotating, scaling models along an axis.
- Move (Translate) : assign moving values along x, y and z axes. - Rotate : assign degree of rotation(0 to 360). - Right-handed rotation rule. Rotation order - Scale: assign proportion of size along an axis - uniform scaling, non-uniform scaling
• Depending on which coordinate system(Local or World) is used for the transformation, the result comes out differently.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric components
• Several approaches to represent curve
– Linear approximation ( Polyline technique) - Represents curves with contiguous lines - Simple but hard to modify
– Spline approach - Represents curves with polynomial equations. • Advantage: easy to modify, mathematically smooth curve, less data needed • Common terms: • Control vertices( vertex ) : Points that controls the shape of curve • Hull : A line that connects two adjacent control vertices.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Geometric components
– Two categories: Interpolation & Approximation – Interpolating spline - Cardinal spline: spline goes through each control point – may have some undesired irregularity. – Approximating Spline - Spline goes near the control points, which offers wider margin of error in the placement of control point. - B-spline : features basic approximating spline - Bezier curve : B-spline plus tangent vector (or handle) to decide curvature. Pen tool in Photoshop - NURBS (Non-Uniform Rational B-Spline) curve : Goes through first and last control vertices Provides edit points lied along the curve
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Maya Object Structure - Node, Hierarchy, Dependency-
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Maya Object Structure
• Node - Basic building block for anything in Maya - Has attributes (or channels) that are specific to that particular node - Ex. Shape nodes, transform nodes, rendering nodes, script nodes..
• Hierarchy - a relationship of nodes described in terms of parent, child and sibling. Child node will inherit what is done to parents, transforming along with it, and maintaining the same spatial relationship.
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation Image Sources
• www.mauriciovives.com/ old/portfolio/kirr.jpg • www.okrentassociates.com/.../ model/eastview.html • http://user.mc.net/~paulb/ck97class/test.jpg • home.arcor.de/sibistar/ home/images/roboter.jpg • http://www.gamespot.at/catalog/images/pc_tombraiderangelofdarkness.jpg • http://www.stuplaza.net/pioneer/create/works/industry/car_3d.jpg • http://3d-metropolis.com/malfic.html • http://www.mtmckinley.net/tutorial/sharkman15.jpg • http://www.sainsbury.uk.com/portfolio/hnd/video/urban/storyboard.jpg • http://www.vr-fx.com/FIT/W2000/Storyboard.jpg • http://webhome.idirect.com/~oweiss/portfolio/character_design/4.html • http://www.jawa9000.com/technical/foot-roll/figure02.jpg • Principles of Three Dimensional Computer Animation by Michael O'Rourke, W. W. Norton & Company; 3rd edition (2003) • Inspired 3D Modeling & Texture Mapping by Tom Capizzi , 2002
• OpenGL Programing Guide, third edition, Woo & Neider, Addison Wesley 1999 • http://dictionary.zdnet.com/definition/solid+modeling.html
Korean German Institute of Technology Stereoscopic 3D Graphic Modeling & Animation