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Indice Construcción Naval, Año 2015 Indice

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Indice Construcción Naval, Año 2015 Indice INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL AÑO 2015 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 2 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE INDICE CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 INDICE INDICE DE ILUSTRACIONES 4 INDICE DE TABLAS 5 1. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO 7 1.1 EL sector DE LA construcciÓN NAVAL MUNDIAL 7 1.2 EL sector DE LA construcciÓN NAVAL euroPEO 8 1.3 EL sector DE LA construcciÓN NAVAL ESPAÑOL 9 2. METODOLOGÍA Y FUENTES CONSULTADAS 11 3. EL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL EN EL MUNDO 13 3.1 EVOLUCIÓN GLOBAL DE LA ACTIVIDAD CONTRACTUAL INTERNACIONAL 13 3.1.1 EvoLUCIÓN DEL REPArto GEOGRÁFICO DE LA ActiviDAD CONTRActuAL INTERNACIONAL 16 3.1.2 EvoLUCIÓN DEL REPArto DE LA ActiviDAD CONTRActuAL INTERNACIONAL SEGÚN TIPOLOGÍA DE BUQUE 18 3.2 EVOLUCIÓN INTERNACIONAL DE CANCELACIONES DE CONTRATOS 22 3.3 EVOLUCIÓN INTERNACIONAL DE ENTREGAS 26 3.3.1 EvoLUCIÓN DEL REPArto GEOGRÁFICO DE LAS ENTREGAS INTERNACIONALES 27 3.3.2 EvoLUCIÓN DEL REPArto DE LAS ENTREGAS INTERNACIONALES SEGÚN TIPO DE BUQUE 31 3.4 EVOLUCIÓN INTERNACIONAL DE LA CARTERA DE PEDIDOS 33 4. EL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL EN ESPAÑA 43 4.1.1 EvoLUCIÓN DE LA CONTRATACIÓN 44 4.1.2 TIPOLOGÍA DE BUQUES MÁS construiDOS EN ESPAÑA 46 4.1.3 EvoLUCIÓN DE LAS ENTREGAS Y DE LA CArterA DE PEDIDOS 52 5. LOS FLETES EN EL AÑO 2015 55 5.1 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES PETROLEROS DE CRUDO Y DE PRODUCTOS 56 5.2 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES DE TRANSPORTE DE PRODUCTOS QUÍMICOS 57 5.3 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES MINERALEROS Y GRANELEROS (BULK CARRIER) 58 5.4 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES PORTACONTENEDORES 59 5.5 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES GASEROS 60 5.6 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES DE TRANSPORTE DE COCHES (PURE CAR TRUCK CARRIERS) 62 5.7 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES OFFSHORE 62 5.8 EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS FLETES DE LOS BUQUES RO-RO (ROLL-ON ROLL-OFF CARGO SHIP) 63 6. INSTRUMENTOS DE APOYO OFICIAL A LA INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN 65 6.1 ORGANISMOS DE APOYO OFICIAL A LA INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA 65 6.2 INSTRUMENTOS DE APOYO A LA INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA PROPORCIONADOS POR EL INSTITUTO DE CRÉDITO OFICIAL (ICO) 65 6.2.1 FONDO DE INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA (FIEM) 65 6.2.2 CONVENIO DE AJUSTE RECÍPROCO DE INTERESES (CARI) 66 6.3 INSTRUMENTOS DE APOYO A LA INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DE LA EMPRESA PROPORCIONADOS POR LA COMPAÑÍA ESPAÑOLA DE SEGUROS Y REASEGUROS DE CRÉDITO A LA EXPORTACIÓN S.A., (CESCE, S.A.) 67 6.4 OTROS INSTRUMENTOS: SUBVENCIÓN AL TIPO DE INTERÉS Y AYUDAS EN MATERIA DE INVESTIGACIÓN, EL DESARROLLO Y LA INNOVACIÓN 67 7. RÉGIMEN DE FINANCIACIÓN DE ACTIVOS APLICABLE A BUQUES: NUEVO TAX LEASE 71 8. PRÉSTAMOS DEL PROGRAMA DE REINDUSTRIALIZACIÓN Y FORTALECIMIENTO DE LA COMPETITIVIDAD INDUSTRIAL (PRÉSTAMOS REINDUS) 73 9. HORIZONTE 2020: PROGRAMA MARCO DE INVESTIGACIÓN E INNOVACIÓN DE LA UNIÓN EUROPEA 75 10. NORMATIVA INTERNACIONAL PARA PREVENIR LA CONTAMINACIÓN POR LOS BUQUES (MARPOL) 79 10.1 CONVENIO INTERNACIONAL DE CONTROL DE EMISIONES 79 10.1.1 EMISIONES DE NOx (REGLA 13), SOX (REGLA 14), CO2 Y PMxx (PARTÍCULAS DEBIDAS A LA COMBUSTIÓN) 80 10.1.2 MÉTODOS PARA LA REDUCCIÓN DE EMISIONES DE SOX 82 10.2 CONVENIO INTERNACIONAL PARA EL CONTROL Y LA GESTIÓN DEL AGUA DE LASTRE Y LOS SEDIMENTOS DE LOS BUQUES O BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT (BWM) 84 11. ANEXO I: LISTADO DE PAÍSES POR REGIONES GEOGRÁFICAS 87 12. ANEXO II: LISTADO DE LOS GRUPOS Y TIPOS DE BUQUES 91 13. ANEXO III: LISTADO DE TIPOS DE BUQUES Y DEFINICIONES 95 3 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 INDICE DE ILUSTRACIONES. Ilustración 1. Evolución internacional de nuevas contrataciones 13 Ilustración 2. Reparto del arqueo bruto compensado (CGT) según la ubicación geográfica del astillero constructor. Período 2007-2015 16 Ilustración 3. Reparto del arqueo bruto compensado (CGT) correspondiente al continente europeo. Período 2007-2015 17 Ilustración 4. Evolución de las contrataciones mundiales por tipo de buque. Periodo: 2006-2015 21 Ilustración 5. Cancelaciones de contratos registradas en los últimos 16 años. Contratos en millones de toneladas de arqueo bruto compensado y cancelaciones producidas respecto a dichas contrataciones 23 Ilustración 6. Reparto de las cancelaciones por tipo de buque. Periodo: año 2015 25 Ilustración 7. Evolución internacional de entregas de buques. Periodo 1970-2015 26 Ilustración 8. Comparativa de las dos principales regiones de su evolución de entregas y nuevas contrataciones de arqueo bruto compensado. Periodo 2010-2015 27 Ilustración 9. Reparto geográfico de las entregas según tipos de buque. Periodo: año 2015 30 Ilustración 10. Evolución anual de las entregas según tipo de buque. Periodo 2004-2015 31 Ilustración 11. Reparto de arqueo bruto compensado mundial entregado. Periodo: año 2015 32 Ilustración 12. Evolución de la cartera pedidos mundial arqueo bruto compensado por tipo de buque. Periodo 2004 – 2015 33 Ilustración 13. Evolución de la cartera de pedidos mundial por zona geográfica. Periodo 2004-2015 34 Ilustración 14 Evolución de la cartera de pedidos de la región europea. Periodo 2004 – 2015 35 Ilustración 15. Reparto de la cartera de pedidos (CGT). Unión Europea + Noruega. Periodo: año 2015 36 Ilustración 16. Reparto de la cartera de pedidos (número de buques). Unión Europea + Noruega. Periodo: año 2015 37 Ilustración 17. Reparto de la contratación de CGT mundial de buques de más de 100 GT con entrada en vigor en el año 2015 45 Ilustración 18. Reparto internacional de la contratación de remolcadores durante el año 2015 47 Ilustración 19. Reparto de la contratación de CGT mundial realizada durante el año 2015, para buques offshore con entrada en vigor en el año en curso 49 Ilustración 20. Reparto de la contratación en CGT de buques pesqueros durante el año 2015 51 Ilustración 21. Evolución de contrataciones, entregas y cartera de pedidos en españa. Periodo 2004 - 2015 52 Ilustración 22. Reparto cartera de pedidos España a diciembre de 2015 53 Ilustración 23. Variación de los fletes por tiempo (TC dólares por día). Periodo 2014-2015 56 Ilustración 24. Evolución de los fletes de los petroleros 56 Ilustración 25. Evolución de los fletes de quimiqueros. Periodo 2007-2015 57 Ilustración 26. Evolución fletes buques graneleros** 58 Ilustración 27. Evolución fletes portacontenedores (TC). Periodo 2000-2015 59 Ilustración 28. Baltic exchange index vs fletes contratos time charter para VLGC. Periodo: año 2015 60 Ilustración 29. Evolución fletes LNG a corto plazo 61 Ilustración 30. Evolución fletes buques RO-RO (TC 6-12 meses) 63 4 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 INDICE DE TABLAS. Tabla 1. Contratación mundial 2005-2015 14 Tabla 2. Variación interanual de la contratación mundial de cada año respecto al anterior 14 Tabla 3. Contratación europea 2005-2015 15 Tabla 4. Contratación mundial por tipo de buque. Periodo 2007-2015 18 Tabla 5. Variación interanual de las contrataciones registradas por tipo de buque. Periodo 2007-2015 19 Tabla 6. Contratación mundial por tipo de buque. Periodo 2007-2015 20 Tabla 7. Variación interanual de la contratación por tipo de buque. Periodo 2007-2015 20 Tabla 8. Variación nuevos contratos buques de pasaje. Año 2015 respecto a 2014 21 Tabla 9. Cancelaciones por continente (CGT). Periodo 2000-2015 22 Tabla 10. Cancelaciones por tipo de buque (CGT). Periodo 2000-2015 24 Tabla 11. Reparto de las CGT entregadas en cada región geográfica por tipo de buque. Periodo año 2015 28 Tabla 12. Contribución de cada continente a las CGT totales entregadas, para cada tipo de buque. Periodo: año 2015 29 Tabla 13. Ranking cartera de pedidos. Unión Europea + Noruega. Periodo: año 2015 38 Tabla 14. Carteras de pedidos por tipo de buque. Unión Europea + Noruega al cierre de 2015 40 Tabla 15. Ranking internacional de contratación 15 primeros países (CGT). Período año 2015 44 Tabla 16. Ranking internacional de contratación de buques remolcadores (GT). Periodo: año 2015 47 Tabla 17. Ranking internacional de contratación de buques offshore. Periodo: año 2015 48 Tabla 18. Ranking internacional de contratación de buques pesqueros. Periodo: año 2015 50 Tabla 19. Tipos de interés préstamos Reindus 73 Tabla 20. Areas de aplicación de los distintos tipos de acción en H2020 76 Tabla 21. Estructura H2020 y desglose presupuestario 77 Tabla 22. Límites de niveles de NO2 80 Tabla 23. Límites a las emisiones de SOx 81 Tabla 24. Tabla resumen de los controles a las emisiones de NOx y SOx. Europa y E.E.U.U. 81 Tabla 25. Países que han ratificado hasta la fecha el convenio BWM 85 5 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 RESUMEN EJECUTIVO 1 6 PYMAR INFORME DE ACTIVIDAD DEL SECTOR DE RESUMEN EJECUTIVO CONSTRUCCIÓN NAVAL, AÑO 2015 1. RESUMEN EJECUTIVO. 1.1 EL SECTOR DE LA CONSTRUC- Por otro lado, el arqueo bruto entregado total durante 2015, ha experimentado un leve incremento de apro- CIÓN NAVAL MUNDIAL. ximadamente un 3%, con respecto al año anterior, mientras que el número de unidades completadas se En el año 2015, tuvo lugar una nueva reducción del ar- ha visto reducido en un 9% a nivel mundial. queo bruto compensado contratado1 a nivel mundial, de un 11%, respecto al año 2014, así como una dis- • Los astilleros asiáticos mantienen la supremacía en minución en el número de unidades contratadas del el total de entregas, en todos los tipos de buques, 30%. En dicho ejercicio se cerraron 2.484 contratos, excepto en los de pasaje, donde Europa se posiciona 1.065 menos que el año anterior.
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