DOCSLIB.ORG

Espace Et Temps 15

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Espace Et Temps 15 #22 - juin 2018 50 ANS PREMIER TIR AU CSG 50 ANS DE L’ESTEC 80 ANS NPO LAVOTCHKINE 40 ANS DE VOYAGER (partie 2) ESPACE & TEMPS Le mot du président IFHE Institut Français d’Histoire de l’Espace adresse de correspondance : 2, place Maurice Quentin Chers amis, 75039 Paris Cedex 01 e-mail : [email protected] L’IFHE a tenu son assemblée générale le 16 mai. Ce jour- Tél : 01 40 39 04 77 là, nous avions 44 membres dont six n’ont pas encore payé leur co- tisation 2018. Avec ma ré-election comme administrateur pour L’institut Français d’Histoire de l’Espace (IFHE) est une quatre ans (2018-2022), notre conseil d’administration comprend : association selon la Loi de 1901 créée le 22 mars 1999 C. Lardier (président), Y. Blin et J. Simon (vice-présidents), Jean qui s’est fixée pour obiectifs de valoriser l’histoire de Jamet (secrétaire général), Pierre Bescond (trésorier), Jacques Du- l’espace et de participer à la sauvegarde et à la préserva- rand et Jean-Pierre Morin (administrateurs). L’année prochaine, il tion du patrimoine documentaire. Il est administré par faudra un nouveau président et un nouveau trésorier, ainsi qu’un un Conseil, et il s’est doté d’un Conseil Scientifique. nouvel administrateur pour remplacer Jacques Durand. La grande nouveauté de cette assemblée générale était la Conseil d’administration présence d’un nouveau représentant du Cnes : Brice Lamotte, qui Président d’honneur.......Michel Bignier remplace Gérard Azoulay. Sa fonction à l’agence concerne les rela- tions avec les institutions et les partenariats. Il a indiqué qu’il vien- Président....................Christian Lardier drait à nos conseils d’administrations. Vice-présidents.........Yves Blin, Jacques Simon Le 23 mai, le livre Observation de la Terre Volume 1 en an- Trésorier..................................Pierre Bescond glais a été livré chez l’éditeur à Paris et à l’ISPRA en Italie. C’est le Secrétaire général....................Jean Jamet résultat de sept mois de travail de Guy Duchossois, Gérard Brachet Administrateurs...Jacques Durand, Jean-Pierre Morin et Jean-Jacques Dechezelles. Cette traduction a été rendue possible Représentant du CNES..........Brice Lamotte grâce à l’ESA. Nous avons pré-vendu environ 900 exemplaires de cet ouvrage (dont 375 à l’UE, 150 à l’ESA, 50 au Cnes, 100 à Air- Conseil scientifique (formé en 2005) bus, etc). Parallèlement, le volume II de l’Observation de la Terre, dirigé par Jean-Louis Fellous, devrait être publié par les Editions du Pr. Jacques Bla mont, Pr. Roger Maurice Bonnet, Jean- CNRS en 2019. Nous en avons pré-vendus 930 exemplaires. Pierre Causse, Claude Goumy, Pr. Pierre Morel, Pr. Le livre d’Hervé Moulin, basé sur sa thèse de doctorat, qui Robert Halleux, Pr. Dominique Pestre, Pr. Jean-Chris- a finalement été publié, est envoyé gratuitement aux membres de tophe Romer, Pr. Pascal Griset, Pr. Alain Beltran, l’IFHE par l’ESA que nous remercions. Agnès Beylot. Nous avons lancé la candidature pour le prix Robert Aubi- nière 2018. Le jury est présidé par Roger-Maurice Bonnet. L’édition des Actes des conférences sur les 50 ans du CNES, du CSG et de Diamant est toujours d’actualité. Nous envisageons de faire une conférence sur les 50 ans du premier lancement d’une ESPACE & TEMPS fusée depuis le CSG en partenariat avec la 3A Cnes cet automne. Nous avons toujours besoin de volontaires pour nous aider Bulletin d’information édité par à organiser des manifestations car nous envisageons un colloque l’institut Français d’Histoire de l’Espace (IFHE) historique sur les laboratoires scientifiques du programme spatial français en 2019. Directeur de la publication : Christian Lardier Je remercie encore tous nos membres pour leur soutien qui Ont également participé à ce numéro : est indispensable pour la sauvegarde de la mémoire spatiale en Yves Blin, Patrice Lille, Jean-Jacques Serra, Philippe France. Varnoteaux. Christian Lardier, président de l’IFHE Impression: photocopies - tirage : 50 ex. Crédit photo : Droits réservés Les idées et opinions exprimées dans les arti cles n’en- gagent que leurs auteurs et ne re présentent pas néces- sairement celles de l’IFHE. 2 -juin 2018 - Bulletin d’information de l’Institut Français d’Histoire de l’Espace L’année 1968 par Christian Lardier Janvier Février 7/1 : L’Atlas-Centaur n°15 6/2 : Lancement d’une Vos- lance la sonde lunaire Sur- khod (11A57) avec le satel- veyor-7 (1036 kg) de Cape lite-espion Zenith-4 (11F69) Canaveral. Elle alunit sur le de Baïkonour (65,4°). De- bord extérieur du cratère venu Cosmos-201, il effectue Tycho le 10 janvier et envoie une mission de 8 jours. des images, des informations 7/2 : Lancement d’une Molnya sur la composition et les ca- (8K78M n°Ya716-57) avec la ractériques mécaniques des sonde Luna-14A (E-6LS Panorama du site de Surveyor-7 roches lunaires jusqu’au 21 n°112). Mais c’est l’échec du e janvier. C’était la dernière 3 étage. La doublure sera mission de ce programme. lancée avec succès le 7 avril. 11/1 : La Thor-Delta n°56 lance le sa- 20/2 : Lancement d’une Cosmos-2 tellite géodésique Explorer-36 ou (11K63) du silo Dvina avec le satellite GEOS-2 (209 kg) de Vandenberg. Il DS-U2-V n°4 (287 kg). Il est destiné à est placé sur une orbite polaire l’étude des vibrations et possède un 1082/1570 km inclinée à 105,8°. émetteur Mayak pour l’étude de l’iono- 16/1 : Lancement d’une Voskhod Explorer-36 GEOS-B sphère par l’IZMIRAN. Devenu Cos- (11A57) avec le satellite-espion Ze- mos-202, il rentre dans l’atmosphère nith-2 (11F61 n°59) de Plessetsk (65,4°). Devenu le 24/3/68. Cosmos-199, il reste accroché au Block-I et est dé- 20/2 : Lancement d’une Cosmos-3M (11K65M) truit lors de la rentrée dans l’atmosphère. avec le premier satellite de géodésie Sphera 17/1 : La Thorad-Agena-D n°498 lance le satellite (11F621 n°1). Devenu Cosmos-203, cet engin de d’écoute électronique (ELINT) Samos-F3 n°8 de 630 kg construit par NPO PM permet d’établir Vandenberg. Il reste en orbite jusqu’au 7 juillet 1970. des cartes avec une précision de 3 m. Le réseau 18/1 : La Titan-IIIB-Agena-D n°13 lance le satel- de stations optiques utilise la caméra AFU-75, lite-espion KH-8 n°4311 de Vandenberg. Il effec- puis la caméra VATs (20 sites). tue une mission de 17 jours. 26/2 : tir de l’Atlas-F n°116F avec une ogive Abres. 20/1 : Lancement d’une Cosmos-3M (11K65M) 28/2 : Tir de la Titan-II n°B-88 de Vandenberg. avec le satellite Tselina-O n°2 Mars (11F616). Devenu Cosmos-200, il 2/3 : Lancement d’une UR-500 (8K82 rentre dans l’atmosphère le n°231-01) avec la sonde lunaire 24/2/73. Zond-4 (11F91 n°6L). Elle est placée 22/1 : La Saturn-1B n°AS204 lance sur une orbite à 354.000 km d’apo- le module lunaire LEM-1 (14,3 t) en gée, mais lors de la rentrée dans l’at- orbite terrestre pour tester les mosphère, un capteur d’orientation étages de descente et d’ascension ne fonctionne pas et la capsule en quatre orbites. Le vol est parfai- tombe sur une trajectoire balistique tement réussi. dans une région indéterminée. Elle 24/1 : La Thorad-Agena-D n°516 est automatiquement détruite. lance le satellite-espion KH-4A 2/3 : La Scout S-162C lance le sa- n°1045 et l’ELINT Ferret-B (type 2) tellite de navigation Transit-O-13 de P-11 n°4412 de Vandenberg. Le KH- Vandenberg. 4A effectue une mission de 34 jours. 4/3 : L’Atlas-Agena-D n°5602A 31/1 : tir de l’Atlas-F n°94F avec lance le satellite scientifique OGO- une ogive Abres. Apollo-5 avec le LEM n°1 5 (Orbiting Geophysical Observa- juin 2018 - Bulletin d’information de l’Institut Français d’Histoire de l’Espace - 3 tory) de la Nasa depuis Cape (65,4°). Devenu Cosmos- Canaveral. Le satellite (611 207, il effectue une mission kg) est placé sur une orbite de 8 jours. 272 x 148 228 km pour étu- 21/3 : Lancement d’une Vos- dier la magnétosphère. Le khod (11A57) avec le pre- système de contrôle d’atti- mier Zenith-2M (11F690) tude est victime d’une défail- emportant une charge utile lance le 6 aout 1971 et le Nauka (1KS n°1) pour satellite est mis en veille le 8 l’études des émissions octobre 1971. Cosmos-208, premier Zenit-2M gamma à haute énergies. 5/3 : Lancement d’une Cos- Devenu Cosmos-208, il ef- mos-2 (11K63) de Plessetsk avec fectue une mission de 12 jours le satellite DS-P1-I n°3. C’est un (durée de vie augmentée). satellite de calibration radar pour 22/3 : Lancement d’une Cyclone- les systèmes ABM et ASAT de la 2A (11K67 n°N22500-08L) lancée défense anti-aérienne. Devenu de la zone 90 avec le satellite US- Cosmos-204, il retombe le 2/3/69. A. Devenu Cosmos-209, cette ma- 5/3 : Lancement d’une Voskhod quette du satellite de surveillance (11A57) avec le satellite-espion Ze- océanique manoeuvre pour se pla- nith-2 (11F61 n°56) de Plessetsk cer sur une orbite à 874/932 km (or- (65,4°). Devenu Cosmos-205, il ef- bite cimetière pour le générateur fectue une mission de 8 jours.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • SATELLITES at WORK Space in the Seventies
    SaLf ILMITRATBONS REPROMhdONkp N BLACK ANd WHiT? SATELLITES AT WORK Space in the Seventies 4 (SPACE IN N72-13 8 6 6 (NASA-EP-8 ) SATELLITES AT WORK THE SEVENTIES) W.R. Corliss (NASA) Jun. 1971 29 p CSCL 22B Unclas Reproduced by G3/31 11470 NATIONAL TECHNICAL u. INFORMATION SERVICE U S Department of Commerce Springfield VA 22151 J National Aeronautics and Space Administration SPACE IN THE SEVENTIES Man has walked on the Moon, made scientific observations there, and brought back to Earth samples of the lunar surface. Unmanned scientific spacecraft have probed for facts about matter, radiation and magnetism in space, and have collected data relating to the Moon, Venus, Mars, the Sun and some of the stars, and reported their findings to ground stations on Earth. Spacecraft have been put into orbit around the Earth as weather observation stations, as communications relay stations for a world-wide telephone and television network, and as aids to navigation. In addition, the space program has accelerated the advance of technology for science and industry, contributing many new ideas, processes and materials. All this took place in the decade of the Sixties. What next? What may be expected of space exploration in the Seventies? NASA has prepared a series of publications and motion pictures to provide a look forward to SPACE IN THE SEVENTIES. The topics covered in this series include: Earth orbital science; planetary exploration; practical applications of satellites; technology utilization; man in space; and aeronautics. SPACE IN THE SEVENTIES presents the planned programs of NASA for the coming decade.
    [Show full text]
  • Satellite Situation Report
    NASA Office of Public Affairs Satellite Situation Report VOLUME 17 NUMBER 6 DECEMBER 31, 1977 (NASA-TM-793t5) SATELLITE SITUATION~ BEPORT, N8-17131 VOLUME 17, NO. 6 (NASA) 114 F HC A06/mF A01 CSCL 05B Unclas G3/15 05059 Goddard Space Flight Center Greenbelt, Maryland NOTICE .THIS DOCUMENT HAS'BEEN REPRODUCED FROM THE BEST COPY FURNISHED US BY THE SPONSORING AGENCY. ALTHOUGH IT IS RECOGNIZED THAT CERTAIN PORTIONS' ARE ILLEGIBLE, IT IS BEING RELEASED IN THE INTEREST OF MAKING AVAILABLE AS MUCH INFORMATION AS POSSIBLE. OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS GCDDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION VOLUME 17 NO. 6 DECEMBER 31, 1977 SATELLITE SITUATION REPORT THIS REPORT IS PUBLIShED AND DISTRIBUTED BY THE OFFICE OF PUBLIC AFFAIRS, GSFC. GODPH DRgP2 FE I T ERETAO5MUJS E SMITHSONIAN ASTRCPHYSICAL OBSERVATORY. SPACEFLIGHT TRACKING AND DATA NETWORK. NOTE: The Satellite Situation Report dated October 31, 1977, contained an entry in the "Objects Decayed Within the Reporting Period" that 1977 042P, object number 10349, decayed on September 21, 1977. That entry was in error. The object is still in orbit. SPACE OBJECTS BOX SCORE OBJECTS IN ORBIT DECAYED OBJECTS AUSTRALIA I I CANACA 8 0 ESA 4 0 ESRO 1 9 FRANCE 54 26 FRANCE/FRG 2 0 FRG 9 3 INCIA 1 0 INDONESIA 2 0 INTERNATIONAL TELECOM- MUNICATIONS SATELLITE ORGANIZATION (ITSO) 22 0 ITALY 1 4 JAPAN 27 0 NATC 4 0 NETHERLANDS 0 4 PRC 6 14 SPAIN 1 0 UK 11 4 US 2928 1523 USSR 1439 4456 TOTAL 4E21 6044 INTER- CBJECTS IN ORIT NATIONAL CATALOG PERIOD INCLI- APOGEE PERIGEE TQANSMITTTNG DESIGNATION NAME NUMBER SOURCE LAUNCH MINUTES NATION KM.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Summaries
    TIROS 8 12/21/63 Delta-22 TIROS-H (A-53) 17B S National Aeronautics and TIROS 9 1/22/65 Delta-28 TIROS-I (A-54) 17A S Space Administration TIROS Operational 2TIROS 10 7/1/65 Delta-32 OT-1 17B S John F. Kennedy Space Center 2ESSA 1 2/3/66 Delta-36 OT-3 (TOS) 17A S Information Summaries 2 2 ESSA 2 2/28/66 Delta-37 OT-2 (TOS) 17B S 2ESSA 3 10/2/66 2Delta-41 TOS-A 1SLC-2E S PMS 031 (KSC) OSO (Orbiting Solar Observatories) Lunar and Planetary 2ESSA 4 1/26/67 2Delta-45 TOS-B 1SLC-2E S June 1999 OSO 1 3/7/62 Delta-8 OSO-A (S-16) 17A S 2ESSA 5 4/20/67 2Delta-48 TOS-C 1SLC-2E S OSO 2 2/3/65 Delta-29 OSO-B2 (S-17) 17B S Mission Launch Launch Payload Launch 2ESSA 6 11/10/67 2Delta-54 TOS-D 1SLC-2E S OSO 8/25/65 Delta-33 OSO-C 17B U Name Date Vehicle Code Pad Results 2ESSA 7 8/16/68 2Delta-58 TOS-E 1SLC-2E S OSO 3 3/8/67 Delta-46 OSO-E1 17A S 2ESSA 8 12/15/68 2Delta-62 TOS-F 1SLC-2E S OSO 4 10/18/67 Delta-53 OSO-D 17B S PIONEER (Lunar) 2ESSA 9 2/26/69 2Delta-67 TOS-G 17B S OSO 5 1/22/69 Delta-64 OSO-F 17B S Pioneer 1 10/11/58 Thor-Able-1 –– 17A U Major NASA 2 1 OSO 6/PAC 8/9/69 Delta-72 OSO-G/PAC 17A S Pioneer 2 11/8/58 Thor-Able-2 –– 17A U IMPROVED TIROS OPERATIONAL 2 1 OSO 7/TETR 3 9/29/71 Delta-85 OSO-H/TETR-D 17A S Pioneer 3 12/6/58 Juno II AM-11 –– 5 U 3ITOS 1/OSCAR 5 1/23/70 2Delta-76 1TIROS-M/OSCAR 1SLC-2W S 2 OSO 8 6/21/75 Delta-112 OSO-1 17B S Pioneer 4 3/3/59 Juno II AM-14 –– 5 S 3NOAA 1 12/11/70 2Delta-81 ITOS-A 1SLC-2W S Launches Pioneer 11/26/59 Atlas-Able-1 –– 14 U 3ITOS 10/21/71 2Delta-86 ITOS-B 1SLC-2E U OGO (Orbiting Geophysical
    [Show full text]
  • A Review of the Image Dissector Meteorological Cameras and a View of Their Future
    1969 (6th) Vol. 1 Space, Technology, and The Space Congress® Proceedings Society Apr 1st, 8:00 AM A Review of the Image Dissector Meteorological Cameras and a View of Their Future Edward W. Koeing ITT AOD Gilbert A. Branchflower NASA, GSFC Follow this and additional works at: https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings Scholarly Commons Citation Koeing, Edward W. and Branchflower, Gilbert A., "A Review of the Image Dissector Meteorological Cameras and a View of Their Future" (1969). The Space Congress® Proceedings. 3. https://commons.erau.edu/space-congress-proceedings/proceedings-1969-6th-v1/session-16/3 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conferences at Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in The Space Congress® Proceedings by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A REVIEW OF THE IMAGE DISSECTOR METEOROLOGICAL CAMERAS AND A VIEW OF THEIR FUTURE Edward W. Koenig Gilbert A. Branchflower ITT Aerospace/Optical Division NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Fort Wayne, Indiana Greenbelt, Maryland SUMMARY During the Fourth Space Conference, a paper was and the large tube, 2 l/^ inches diameter, presented entitled "The Image Dissector Camera, used in the ATS-F and ERTS programs. A new Approach to Spacecraft Sensors". This is a continuation of that paper. Two daylight The ATS-III and Nimbus-B cameras are shown in cloud cover cameras were discussed in the Figure 3, emphasizing the compact nature of earlier paper. They were the Applications such a system, since the Nimbus camera is only Technology Satellite III Image Dissector Camera 12 pounds and required but 12 watts input for (ATS III IDC) and the Nimbus Image Dissector all tube, video, scan and signal processing Camera System (NIMBUS IDCS).
    [Show full text]
  • Photographs Written Historical and Descriptive
    CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY HAER FL-8-B BUILDING AE HAER FL-8-B (John F. Kennedy Space Center, Hanger AE) Cape Canaveral Brevard County Florida PHOTOGRAPHS WRITTEN HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE DATA HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD SOUTHEAST REGIONAL OFFICE National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior 100 Alabama St. NW Atlanta, GA 30303 HISTORIC AMERICAN ENGINEERING RECORD CAPE CANAVERAL AIR FORCE STATION, MISSILE ASSEMBLY BUILDING AE (Hangar AE) HAER NO. FL-8-B Location: Hangar Road, Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS), Industrial Area, Brevard County, Florida. USGS Cape Canaveral, Florida, Quadrangle. Universal Transverse Mercator Coordinates: E 540610 N 3151547, Zone 17, NAD 1983. Date of Construction: 1959 Present Owner: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Present Use: Home to NASA’s Launch Services Program (LSP) and the Launch Vehicle Data Center (LVDC). The LVDC allows engineers to monitor telemetry data during unmanned rocket launches. Significance: Missile Assembly Building AE, commonly called Hangar AE, is nationally significant as the telemetry station for NASA KSC’s unmanned Expendable Launch Vehicle (ELV) program. Since 1961, the building has been the principal facility for monitoring telemetry communications data during ELV launches and until 1995 it processed scientifically significant ELV satellite payloads. Still in operation, Hangar AE is essential to the continuing mission and success of NASA’s unmanned rocket launch program at KSC. It is eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) under Criterion A in the area of Space Exploration as Kennedy Space Center’s (KSC) original Mission Control Center for its program of unmanned launch missions and under Criterion C as a contributing resource in the CCAFS Industrial Area Historic District.
    [Show full text]
  • Dsc Pub Edited
    1968 93) few craters, much like the mare sites, Surveyor 7 although the general area was rougher. About Nation: U.S. (43) 21 hours after landing, ground controllers Objective(s): lunar soft-landing fired a pyrotechnic charge to drop the alpha- Spacecraft: Surveyor-G scattering instrument on the lunar surface. Spacecraft Mass: 1,040.1 kg When the instrument failed to move, con- Mission Design and Management: NASA JPL trollers used the robot arm to force it down. Launch Vehicle: Atlas-Centaur (AC-15 / Atlas The scoop on the arm was used numerous 3C no. 5903C / Centaur D-1A) times for picking up soil, digging trenches, Launch Date and Time: 7 January 1968 / and conducting at least sixteen surface- 06:30:00 UT bearing tests. Apart from taking 21,274 pho- Launch Site: ETR / launch complex 36A tographs (many of them in stereo), Surveyor Scientific Instruments: 7 also served as a target for Earth-based 1) imaging system lasers (of 1-watt power) to accurately 2) alpha-scattering instrument measure the distance between Earth and the 3) surface sampler Moon. Although it was successfully reacti- 4) footpad magnet vated after the lunar night, Surveyor 7 Results: Since Surveyors 1, 3, 5, and 6 success- finally shut down on 21 February 1968. In fully fulfilled requirements in support of total, the five successful Surveyors returned Apollo, NASA opted to use the last remaining more than 87,000 photos of the lunar surface Surveyor for a purely scientific mission out- and demonstrated the feasibility of soft- side of exploring a potential landing site for landing a spacecraft on the lunar surface.
    [Show full text]
  • Spies and Shuttles
    Spies and Shuttles University Press of Florida Florida A&M University, Tallahassee Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton Florida Gulf Coast University, Ft. Myers Florida International University, Miami Florida State University, Tallahassee New College of Florida, Sarasota University of Central Florida, Orlando University of Florida, Gainesville University of North Florida, Jacksonville University of South Florida, Tampa University of West Florida, Pensacola SPIE S AND SHUTTLE S NASA’s Secret Relationships with the DoD and CIA James E. David Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum, Washington, D.C., in association with University Press of Florida Gainesville · Tallahassee · Tampa · Boca Raton Pensacola · Orlando · Miami · Jacksonville · Ft. Myers · Sarasota Copyright 2015 by Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum All rights reserved Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper All photographs courtesy of the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. This book may be available in an electronic edition. 20 19 18 17 16 15 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data David, James E., 1951– author. Spies and shuttles : NASA’s secret relationships with the DOD and CIA / James David. pages cm Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-8130-4999-1 (cloth) ISBN 978-0-8130-5500-8 (ebook) 1. Astronautics—United States —History. 2. Astronautics, Military—Government policy—United States. 3. United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration—History. 4. United States. Department of Defense—History.
    [Show full text]
  • Deep Space Chronicle Deep Space Chronicle: a Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes, 1958–2000 | Asifa
    dsc_cover (Converted)-1 8/6/02 10:33 AM Page 1 Deep Space Chronicle Deep Space Chronicle: A Chronology ofDeep Space and Planetary Probes, 1958–2000 |Asif A.Siddiqi National Aeronautics and Space Administration NASA SP-2002-4524 A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958–2000 Asif A. Siddiqi NASA SP-2002-4524 Monographs in Aerospace History Number 24 dsc_cover (Converted)-1 8/6/02 10:33 AM Page 2 Cover photo: A montage of planetary images taken by Mariner 10, the Mars Global Surveyor Orbiter, Voyager 1, and Voyager 2, all managed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California. Included (from top to bottom) are images of Mercury, Venus, Earth (and Moon), Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. The inner planets (Mercury, Venus, Earth and its Moon, and Mars) and the outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune) are roughly to scale to each other. NASA SP-2002-4524 Deep Space Chronicle A Chronology of Deep Space and Planetary Probes 1958–2000 ASIF A. SIDDIQI Monographs in Aerospace History Number 24 June 2002 National Aeronautics and Space Administration Office of External Relations NASA History Office Washington, DC 20546-0001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Siddiqi, Asif A., 1966­ Deep space chronicle: a chronology of deep space and planetary probes, 1958-2000 / by Asif A. Siddiqi. p.cm. – (Monographs in aerospace history; no. 24) (NASA SP; 2002-4524) Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Space flight—History—20th century. I. Title. II. Series. III. NASA SP; 4524 TL 790.S53 2002 629.4’1’0904—dc21 2001044012 Table of Contents Foreword by Roger D.
    [Show full text]
  • Desind Finding
    NATIONAL AIR AND SPACE ARCHIVES Herbert Stephen Desind Collection Accession No. 1997-0014 NASM 9A00657 National Air and Space Museum Smithsonian Institution Washington, DC Brian D. Nicklas © Smithsonian Institution, 2003 NASM Archives Desind Collection 1997-0014 Herbert Stephen Desind Collection 109 Cubic Feet, 305 Boxes Biographical Note Herbert Stephen Desind was a Washington, DC area native born on January 15, 1945, raised in Silver Spring, Maryland and educated at the University of Maryland. He obtained his BA degree in Communications at Maryland in 1967, and began working in the local public schools as a science teacher. At the time of his death, in October 1992, he was a high school teacher and a freelance writer/lecturer on spaceflight. Desind also was an avid model rocketeer, specializing in using the Estes Cineroc, a model rocket with an 8mm movie camera mounted in the nose. To many members of the National Association of Rocketry (NAR), he was known as “Mr. Cineroc.” His extensive requests worldwide for information and photographs of rocketry programs even led to a visit from FBI agents who asked him about the nature of his activities. Mr. Desind used the collection to support his writings in NAR publications, and his building scale model rockets for NAR competitions. Desind also used the material in the classroom, and in promoting model rocket clubs to foster an interest in spaceflight among his students. Desind entered the NASA Teacher in Space program in 1985, but it is not clear how far along his submission rose in the selection process. He was not a semi-finalist, although he had a strong application.
    [Show full text]
  • <> CRONOLOGIA DE LOS SATÉLITES ARTIFICIALES DE LA
    1 SATELITES ARTIFICIALES. Capítulo 5º Subcap. 10 <> CRONOLOGIA DE LOS SATÉLITES ARTIFICIALES DE LA TIERRA. Esta es una relación cronológica de todos los lanzamientos de satélites artificiales de nuestro planeta, con independencia de su éxito o fracaso, tanto en el disparo como en órbita. Significa pues que muchos de ellos no han alcanzado el espacio y fueron destruidos. Se señala en primer lugar (a la izquierda) su nombre, seguido de la fecha del lanzamiento, el país al que pertenece el satélite (que puede ser otro distinto al que lo lanza) y el tipo de satélite; este último aspecto podría no corresponderse en exactitud dado que algunos son de finalidad múltiple. En los lanzamientos múltiples, cada satélite figura separado (salvo en los casos de fracaso, en que no llegan a separarse) pero naturalmente en la misma fecha y juntos. NO ESTÁN incluidos los llevados en vuelos tripulados, si bien se citan en el programa de satélites correspondiente y en el capítulo de “Cronología general de lanzamientos”. .SATÉLITE Fecha País Tipo SPUTNIK F1 15.05.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK F2 21.08.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK 01 04.10.1957 URSS Experimental o tecnológico SPUTNIK 02 03.11.1957 URSS Científico VANGUARD-1A 06.12.1957 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 01 31.01.1958 USA Científico VANGUARD-1B 05.02.1958 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 02 05.03.1958 USA Científico VANGUARD-1 17.03.1958 USA Experimental o tecnológico EXPLORER 03 26.03.1958 USA Científico SPUTNIK D1 27.04.1958 URSS Geodésico VANGUARD-2A
    [Show full text]
  • The Moon Race: Russian Robotic Missions and Lunar Surface Features Mikhail Marov Vernadsky Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [email protected]
    The Moon race: Russian robotic missions and Lunar surface features Mikhail Marov Vernadsky Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences [email protected] IAU Centenary Day Institut d'Astrophysique Paris, Oct.4, 2019 Introduction • Historically, the Moon race in the 1960-1970s of last century has been one of the most impressive milestones and exciting events of space exploration. • While it was driven by political motivations both American Apollo expeditions and Soviet robotic missions greatly advanced the Moon knowledge and planetary sciences in general. • International Astronomical Union contributed to scientific exploration of our closest neighborhood, mostly through mapping/naming the Moon surface features and getting insight in lunar/planetary geology and geochemistry. The Moon Race • The Soviet Union’s space program was years ahead of the USA’s in the 1950- 1960s. However Soviets yields Americans the first man landing on the Moon surface and thus lost the Moon race and space leadership. • Why? • There were several reasons of this failure. • The first (and the main one) was an unexpected sudden death of Chief Designer in the USSR rocketry-space program, Head of Energia Corporation Sergey Korolev. • The second one was lacking of the political will and a rather poor management resulting in loosing money and inefficient governing the project of piloted flights to the Moon. • The situation was also badly impacted by competition of chief designers in the implementation of N1-L1 (orbiting) and N1-L3 (landing) programs. Soviet Manned Moon Mission
    [Show full text]
  • ~'Ourglass O 2 at 0636
    Hl;:;H TIDE LON TIDE 9-22 .. 68 • 9-22-68 G.O AT 0430 0.1 AT 1042 5 9 AT 16IK9 ~'OURGlASS o 2 AT 0636 Passengers Refum Red Gunners Lallllc. Attack Lodgings figures S.ow Target is Da Nang Military Co Salazar Near Death Cost $20 For Eac. Person lISB()-l (UPI )-- PREMIER ANTONIO SALA­ MIAMI, FLA. (UP1 ) •• THE 45 PASSEN­ SAIGCl'l (UPI )-~ COMMUNISTS LAUNCHED A ROCKET AND MORTAR ATTACK ON THE U.S ZAR TOOK A TURN FOR THE WORSE LAST GERS ABOARD A JETLINER THAT WAS HI MiliTARY COMPLEX AT 010 NANG TODAY BUT liTTLE DAMAGE WAS REPDRYED. UPI CORRES_ NIGHT. to TO CUSA RETVRN£D TO ~rAMt TODAY pONOCNT P[RRY YOUNG REPORTCO AT LEAST TCN SHELLS FELL INTO THC 01. NANG AREA THERE WERE rEARS IN OfFICIAL CIRCLES AND TOLD or A MIDNIGHT R1D( TO A "n: AROUND 2 AM. NONE HIT IN THE CITY, 380 MILES NORTHEAST OF SAIGON ON THE COAST THAT THE END WAS NEAR rOR THE 79-YEAR­ "FI.. EABAG HOTEL" AND PRICE-CQUGING TO OF' THE SOUTH CHINA SEA OLD STATESMAN. THE TUNE or $4 FOR A DRINK or SCOTCH U.S. MARINE SPOKESMEN WOULD SAY ONLY TI-1AT "THEY ARE HITTING US NOW" AND THAT DOCTORS LITERAllY SPRINTED INTO THE AND $20 FOR A GOOD MEAL NO CASUALTIES ANO LITTLE OAMAGE WAS REPORTED REO CROSS HOSPITAL HERE lATE lAST NIGHT J£N£ LINOSMIER, A TRAVEL AGENT WHO U.S ARTILLERY BATTERIES IMMEOIATELY LAUNCHE:D A BARRAGE OF COUNTERF'tRE AND AND liGHTS BLAZED IN THE SUITE WHERE WAS RETURN I "G FROM THE AM[II: I CAN Soc­ HeliCOPTERS CIRCLED OV[RHEAD AROUND THE SPRAWLING AIRBASE DROPPING ILLUMINATION LIES IN A COMA.
    [Show full text]