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Becoming Places: Urbanism/Architecture Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 Becoming Places Becoming Places is about the practices and politics of place and identity forma- tion – the slippery ways in which who we are becomes wrapped up with where we are. Drawing on the social theories of Deleuze and Bourdieu, the book analyses the sense of place as socio-spatial assemblage and as embodied habitus. Through a broad range of case studies from nationalist monuments and new urbanist suburbs to urban laneways and avant-garde interiors, a range of questions is explored. What is neighbourhood character? How do squatter settle- ments work and does it matter what they look like? Can architecture liberate? How do courthouses legitimate authority? How do rhizomatic practices shape the meanings of public space? How do monuments and public spaces shape or stabilize national identity? The thread that ties these together is place identities in states of becoming: closed becomes open, interior becomes landscape, char- acter becomes caricature, illegal becomes legal, hotel becomes brothel, public becomes private – and vice versa in each case. Becoming Places is a book about the unfinishedness of place and identity. Kim Dovey is Professor of Architecture and Urban Design at the University of Melbourne. He has published and broadcast widely on issues of place and ideo- logy including the book Fluid City (Routledge, 2005) and Framing Places (Routledge, second edition 2008). Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 Kim Dovey Becoming Places Urbanism/Architecture/ Identity/Power Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 First published 2010 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 270 Madison Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2009. To purchase your own copy of this or any of Taylor & Francis or Routledge’s collection of thousands of eBooks please go to www.eBookstore.tandf.co.uk. © 2010 Kim Dovey All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Dovey, Kim. Becoming places/Kim Dovey. p. cm. Sequel and complementary volume to Dovey’s seminal text, Framing places. Includes bibliographical references and index. 1. Architecture and society. 2. Space (Architecture) I. Dovey, Kim. Framing places. II. Title. NA2543.S6D68 2009 720.1’03–dc22 2009000186 ISBN 0-203-87500-1 Master e-book ISBN Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 ISBN10: 0-415-41636-1 (hbk) ISBN10: 0-415-41637-X (pbk) ISBN10: 0-203-87500-1 (ebk) ISBN13: 978-0-415-41636-8 (hbk) ISBN13: 978-0-415-41637-5 (pbk) ISBN13: 978-0-203-87500-1 (ebk) FOR KESS Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 Contents List of figures and sources viii Preface and acknowledgements x Part I: Ideas 1 1 Making Sense of Place: Introduction 3 2 Place as Assemblage 13 3 Silent Complicities: Bourdieu, Habitus, Field 31 4 Limits of Critical Architecture: ‘I Mean to be Critical, But . .’ 43 Part II: Places 55 5 Slippery Characters: Defending and Creating Place Identities 57 WITH IAN WOODCOCK AND STEPHEN WOOD 6 Becoming Prosperous: Informal Urbanism in Yogyakarta 79 WITH Wiryono RAHARJO 7 Urbanizing Architecture: Rem Koolhaas and Spatial Segmentarity 103 8 Open Court: Transparency and Legitimation in the Courthouse 125 9 Safety Becomes Danger: Drug Use in Public Space 139 WITH JOHN FITZGERALD 10 New Orders: Monas and Merdeka Square 153 WITH EKA PERMANASARI Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 11 Urban Slippage: Smooth and Striated Streetscapes in Bangkok 167 WITH KASAMA POLAKIT Notes 185 Bibliography 189 Index 197 vii List of figures and sources All photographs, maps and diagrams not otherwise sourced are by Kim Dovey 5.1 Camberwell (Simon Wollan) 60 5.2 Camberwell – typical streetscapes 61 5.3 Fitzroy (Simon Wollan) 63 5.4 Fitzroy – typical streetscapes 65 5.5 Beacon Cove (Simon Wollan and Ian Woodcock) 68 5.6 Beacon Cove – typical streetscapes (Ian Woodcock (second from top)) 69 5.7 Caroline Springs (Simon Wollan) 72 5.8 Caroline Springs – typical streetscapes 74 6.1 Footprints, functions and densities (student fieldwork) 87 6.2 Public spaces (Lin Fan (upper); Lachlan Sinclair (lower)) 88 6.3 Construction and electricity (student fieldwork) 90 6.4 Semi-private spaces (Wirjono Raharjo (upper)) 91 6.5 Public space network and everyday life (student fieldwork) 92 6.6 Loose parts (Lin Fan (upper); Jacinta Li (centre)) 95 6.7 Gondolyu 99 6.8 Integrating and defending derelict land (aerial drawing from student fieldwork) 101 7.1 Syntax and segmentarity 107 7.2 Educatorium, University of Utrecht 111 Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 7.3 Educatorium, spatial structure (Mirjana Ristiç) 112 7.4 Bordeaux House (Christian Richters) 115 7.5 Bordeaux House plans (Mirjana Ristiç) 116 7.6 Bordeaux House, spatial structure (Mirjana Ristiç) 117 7.7 Seattle Public Library, section (adapted from library pamphlet) 119 7.8 Seattle Public Library, living room, auditorium and street entry 120 7.9 Seattle Public Library, spatial structure (Mirjana Ristiç) 120 7.10 Seattle Public Library, spiral stack 121 8.1 Supreme Court Building, Melbourne, Australia 126 8.2 Commonwealth Law Courts, atrium 129 viii List of figures and sources n 8.3 Commonwealth Law Courts, entry plaza 131 8.4 County Court, entry 132 8.5 County Court, blank frontage with judges’ chambers above 133 8.6 Children’s Court 134 8.7 Children’s Court, foyer 135 8.8 Spatial segmentarity (Mirjana Ristiç) 136 8.9 County Courtroom 137 9.1 Smith Street and context 140 9.2 Pedestrian networks and injecting (Youngju Choi and Simon Wollan) 142 9.3 Smith Street 143 9.4 Laneway 143 9.5 Exposure, seclusion and drug use (Youngju Choi and Simon Wollan) 144 9.6 Injecting zones (Youngju Choi and Simon Wollan) 145 9.7 Dilemmas of public injecting 148 10.1 Koningsplein under the Dutch colonial order (National Archief, The Netherlands, 4.MIKO 1122) 154 10.2 Monas, Jakarta 156 10.3 Merdeka Square under Suharto (Eka Permanasari and Mirjana Ristiç) 160 10.4 Fencing the flame 162 10.5 Instant barricades and informal edges 163 11.1 Ban Panthom – street network (Kasama Polakit) 170 11.2 Typical sois 171 11.3 Typical troks (Kasama Polakit (lower)) 172 11.4 Intersection competition 174 11.5 ‘Renovated’ factory (right) and workshop/café (left) 175 11.6 Diurnal/nocturnal transformations 177 11.7 ‘Hotel’ strip 178 11.8 Shrine and workshop 180 Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 ix Preface and acknowledgements This book is about places of change, and about hope. It is in some ways a sequel to Framing Places, first written a decade ago and recently published in a second edition (Routledge 2008). It extends the interest in the nexus of place with power and includes a number of essays and research projects that have been developed over that period (often with colleagues and students). It also continues the inter- est I have in grounding theories of place and power in the specific contingencies of case studies. In this regard it also picks up some of the themes from Fluid City (Routledge 2005), a critique of the increased fluidity of urban design and plan- ning as seen through the lens of my home city of Melbourne. This book was largely written in the inner-city suburb of Fitzroy, in a room above a garage where the windows are frosted to above eye-level to ensure that no one looks into anyone else’s backyard. While I have no desire to pry I have built a platform just high enough to gain the forbidden view across the rooftops and past high-rise public housing to the city of Melbourne in the distance. Fitzroy is a slightly trans- gressive place (about which more in Chapter 5); a safe place to write about place. The book was completed in November 2008, just before I left on a short field- work trip exploring informal urbanism in Mumbai, where over half the popula- tion lives in informal squatter settlements on 6 per cent of the land. These room-by-room accretions of anything from one to six storeys high are relatively closed enclaves where the middle classes never venture. Yet many of them line the railway lines where they are exposed to the gaze of several million people each day on commuter trains. The main terminus, where the crowds surge off Downloaded by [McGill University] at 20:29 04 September 2013 the trains and into the city, is the most sublime of urban spectacles – rendered slightly ridiculous by a futile attempt to entice this throng to walk through a scat- tered array of security screens. The trip was soon interrupted by terrorist attacks – random slaughter in the train terminal and a three-day siege of luxury hotels. If hope is a characteristic of open places, fear closes them down. This most vibrant of cities instantly drew its roller blinds, gates and shutters to create an eerie calm where only the most homeless were left on the street.
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