ores or
Resog~ceBgi!erin QC-77 bdb.. Geraid C, Graver
Forest Statistics for "&e &lountaias of Xorth Carolina, 1984
4 -- n [,eraid 6,Craver, B' orestry Technician Forest Inventory and Analysis Ashevllle, North Carolina w- in~s- re-nrt ;I- hiahlights- the or'ncipe: fend- p=-='e-f.-->L-~~ c~zdi+-i~nof fcrest landsr asso-
ings of eke fifek forest survey In the ,Ld-kdi--,-3--2 timber voIunes9 a36 rates sf tinher ",%sunisins of Narth Csro: These sur-ge\*sare a c3ne:-*-L---CEUL.LS ';Bat~O~IWLC!~~ The Soxtheastern Station gratefully unbertalc 1. Area, by county snC Esnl class.,*. ni10 16, Area of comey~$al Forest 'rand, by bread xanagement and stand-v~l.une 2, Area of com8ercial forest land, classes..+ ...... by pi-i_J~IPLv -c.* a.-d i.wnership class ...... 13 17, Volume of growing stock on com- = 5 3, Area of colmterclar fcrest land, mercla;*+'- Torest land, by Srsad manage- foresr-tppo group,,.,.. 5y rounev and 14 ment class, species group, and stand-age class...... I 8 l<$t annual growth of growing stock on corn-ercfal farest Land, by broab -5. Ares of cornmerciai forest land, management class, species gr-up, and by cnun:y and site class....*...... ** 15 stand-age ~las....,~...... Q, Area sf -omez-erai forest land) 19, Annual removals of growing stock on by c3unt-y an$ stockin-ts classes cf comercia1 forest land, by broad * -- growing-stack trees,,,,,,.,,,,,,,,... bi management class, species grnup, and stand-age class*...... 7, VpL:~me of sawtiaber and growing stock oa cornmerc land, by cocn" and species greup,... 19 A. 21. Area of commercial farest Land treated of d * 22, Area of comerc;al - forest land Unit Tables treated disturbed annually and retaized in comerclai' - forest Sand, 5p treatment or disturbance and broad nangemeric class...... ,.,...... -- - il, Area of land, CII- ' coT-zerc:ai tarest ij, fire2 of camerc =- - 12, Area of c@mme.;-ciai rarest land, ? i L*, Area cf comercial foresr Land, Sy by stand-age a~dbroad manag23:efir treatment opposcan?ty and Sroa? . * xanage- classes, all o~~mers~irps...... 2% m@nt ciassss,,,,,,,,,,,,~~s~~~~-~s~-a~~ 13, Area of sompr.-ial forese land, "cs, c Area of comEerciaZ forest Tarad, by hV -aLcLiu b--.:-- age snd brozd zanao*~ent0-,- treatment crpp9rtu~icy2nd o~~nne.n-ship classes, pahfic owners~:~ps,,.,,,.,~~*s 2.3n 24, Merellafirab 1- volune af all live 37, Cubic vclume in the merchantable trees ~ndgraving stack en toxmmercial saw-log portion of sawcimber tress, Sy . * forest landp by obTLershlp* - class and speciss and d;ameter c:as~,,,.....-~-.~ :.: 1 species group...*....*...... 32 38, \robume of afl S.<-;e trees or: 27, Volrrme of sawt-,zmil.e-= co;mLeyicaj. cocrrrsereiai rorest land, by species afi3 I" forest land, by ognefship cLass and ;%drametsr ' class...... 1- species group.,...... ^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 32 39, Green weight of "rest bcomass on r d 28, Net annual growth and removsls- sf cornmercea~ farest lard, by species and stock on cammerclal- forest diameter class...... land, skyership class and sp2eies a .- gro~p.,..~...~...e.~n~s~~~~~-~-ae=~~e~-33 40, Wet annual growth and removals af five timber and growing stock an 29, FJet annual gras-th and re~aavalsof comercia1 forest hand, by species,,,,, -uI. * qa~$cKihor LS,, 0-LL pq-~o~?.-\.L~L~L-L.~ZPI forest j by cbqerskip class and species group,,, 33 41, Net annnal growth and renscals of sawtfmber on commercial forest land, 30, Vofume of timber o~ comaercial 1 by species ...... 43 forest land, by class and species gr3up 34 42, Annual removals of growing-. - stock on 31, Nunber of all livetrees 09 ejm-er- c-mserpia"Lfoppes t land, by species and * - ela~forest Land, by species and diameter class...... % fsg diameter class,.,...... 35 43, Mortality cf all live timber, 6.bwingP-.l stock, and sawtimber on cormer- cia1 forest land, 3y species ...... "I,:" 44, ,nangeP- in nuaber of all live trees on cornetcia1 forest land, by species group, survev completion date, and dx~meter< * class...... 4 8 45, Land area, by class, major forest type, and survey completion date...... k9 L6, Volume of sa.c.ii;fmher, grro&rifig stock, and all live timber on comercFel forest land, by species group, survey completion date, and diameter class,,,, ,Ca 8 =. 36, ~~~ul;Je3f saw:im$er a;? crj~aaer-ral forest lznd, by species, size class, and log grade ...... 4 0 Since 1974 in the i"vfsuntains harvestd treatment~~ -A a~2ortnnity,Woweyer, of North Carolina almost 70 percent of ~creagesccrirs on sites whth slopes af 49 pzrcent or more, About 796,fEOg acres were classed % * -area of commercial forest-- land as neearng- some intzrnediate silvicul- decreased by over dG5gOOOoacres, sr 6~ treatnent, -- * --- - tural AL~zost 2-4ni~;Pion - * - --almost 3 ~ercent,More than 176,OOQ acres, or 6j percent of the coi",qerpai , - acres wers diverted to other land uses, forest acreage, were identified as oelc~D Df the acreage diverted, 47 percent was in relatively goad aagdition and no: in ta urbsn and orher uses and 56 Eerceat need zf any treatment a$ the tine the - * ? D - to agricultural uses, The remarcang survey Mas aade, 17 percent was dhverted- * to nancszTert-ial forest, Corn-ercPaE forests now account for 63 percent, or 3,9 million acres, sf the total lsnd area in the 21 counties CLLaat make up the Mountain Unit of Xorerh Csrofiina, In the 2-inch class dropped by 55 per- m area 3-5 cea7ercial forest Land owned cent; pine declines of 34, 23, 8, and 4 -- ~ -- trialprivate- - forest (NIPE) percent vere noted in the 4- through landowners decreased by atmost 7 Depcene 10io-rnch - classes, ATrhough ast as zxtez- p7 - -* r~om3-0 to 2-9 nillion acres, AEthnngh &ve, the declines Lc hardwoo3 stem num- P~- - P ~h:~-iri decrease appears rather small, it bers =ere 14, 15, and 8 p2rcenr in the -. masks a more dramatic decline in* ramer-#- 9- , 4-, and 6-"ln@h classes, respectively, . - owned lands, one of three obTrrsh~pcate- m --average basal area of trees gories in the NLFF class, In a cont~nurng- 5.0 inches d-5, trend that dates from at least to the creased from 80 to 93 square feet per -~, ~~ -- -- - * - early P95OVs, farmer-owned forest lands --acre of---- comercrah forest Isnd, Increases deareased--tb's t" by OVZI 50 percent, in basal area have occurred across all from alnost 1-2 to less than 0-6million xajor forest trpes,- - hTnereas :uiPy- d stecked * * acres, Acreage ~w~edDV other indcipid- stan6s sccucied cnlv 47 percent of the - - *- - uais Encreased from 1-4 1-8 alilron- comercia1 farest ecreege rn ryi+,*P?l they acres* while that In the other corparare now occupy 35 percent--some 1-4mrlirofi - category remaiced at Q-4million acres, acres, Mediu~~-seockedstands total 2-0 " * - Forest ifidustrv awnerslllp det-lnned- by ni1lioo acres and p0orE-q stocked stands over 12 percent and renains the smallest 0,5 million acres, Average merchantable owners'ntlp category in the Unit at less vol~~rnepsr acre has increase6 fran 1,64!+ than i13,000 acres, Public ownership tc 2,000 feee, -Lnt-,,useb -We? bv mare than 11 ~rrcentro r volume of softwqod growhe stock has - -. - over million National - I acres. T3rests increased 17 percent- and now totals 1-5 c~ntainairsost 59 percent ~f the pub- billion cilbic feet, Lr,creases in the VOLE * - LicLy owned corEerclal forest acreage, Erne in the 12-inch and larger diameter * * C1 * - ~ * an tnis UnLc, and simrlar meas~rements Per billion cubic feet of taken throvghout the So~theast,were used -growing stock . , ...... 5-47 to compute the -joiune or,- izdevidualI tally - * trees, A mirror cai~perar;d sectional Per ~liiron" cubic feet 9f ziri-i;,rfium pr~l~b,~were used to obtain the ---ile L annual growth ...... 1, OI additional ecasurenents on these standing. a trees rzqt:;red ccn; truct c31ume Per billion cubic feet of -.qgatrons, annual, removals ...... , 9,- -- 1:~ a Sampling errors for conntg 2nd unit tntals, In- terms of one S anrj2-:'._,;I errnr, Mr;u~taf.ns3f Nor"; h~..?ro~xa,q - 1984 G~m.ercla:- Cubic-foot volume ;f grt3wing stock v forest ~ - - area Inventory Grawth fieernovari l s a"- - Alieghany Ashe kqery Bun cornbe Surke Cald.crel1 "'k ,LIE~.'- okee Clay P,,L %>LaLLar11 ,, --naywood Render son LTa~ksor: McQowe 11 Msn,-*, *Aa*-~nk* Madison !*I.Eitcl-,ell Swa En T--.-...-lGriu rvan~s -Wataaga * Wilkes b:=neey - a Sampling error of breakdabas of county and unit tatals may be ,~mpured(.% - with the following formula: - q(iio;ume or area total in quest~on~ There: E = Sampling error of the volume or area total in question, De6nitions of Terms 31andharSwood,- - Sta~;,dswitlr a fares "_ tvpe-. of czk-hicksrv, chestnut oak, southern scrub oak, cr mapie-besch-birch, All live trees, trees 1,0 inch d,b,h, and lerger which are not dead a- the ttme LowIan6 hardwood, Stlnds 2 rerest - ~- of inventory, type of otik-ga~:-cvpres3, eim-ash-cctton- - * vv-+u~.d~ 3 palm9 or other tro3lcai, live-tree *jolWjc, 'jol:lne (cubic feet 1 of woad above the gruun2 Pine in a11 Bureau Management lands, Federsl * * of Land LX-vetrees 1,0 inch d,b.h, and Larger, The lands ad~~-i~s*,+rrl.J~ - by 5ureau 3re -1,and x-scLsme in- twigs and lateral limbs smaller >lanage~~ant, thafi 9,; ~nchhc diameter at the point of occurrence on sepling-size trees is Census water, Strrarn~~SIOU~~S~ eatuarie~~ Lncluded, but is excP>jded an roletimberr" canals, and ather muvLne Sseios 3f water and savcirr?bes-shze trees, ar~e-eghi;!; ifa 3ta~'~tenile iz widtip and greater, and lakes, reservoirs, ponds, and Allowable cut, The volume of timber that other permanent bodies of warer $0 acres in could be cut on ecm-ercrai- .z forest Land dnr- ares asd greater, ing a given period under specified manage- p4ezs siaed sustained* - production of merit at Cmercial foresfland, Land ae least 16-7 ~;~r%+~-..n,,ucL products, percent stocked hy ferest trees of anv size, or formerly having ha6 such tree cover, nct area, The area in feet of the Sasal square currentlv dpq~la3edfor nouforesr use, caps- cross section at Sresst height of a single % - DHe orM producing 20 cubic feet of indz~s- tree of all the trees a standp in trial wood per sere Dtr gear and not with- usually exaressed as square feet of besal draw~from t-Bmber utclizztion by legis- area per acre, lative action, Blmass, The abovegrcund green wecght of species, species vood and all live trees 1,0 GiimmerciaP Tree cn-ren- solid bark in v - *. tionally regarded as oekag ahre to develn-P lncn d,b,h, and larger from the gronnd to - into Crees suitable for the nranufactore of the tlp of the tree, A11 fcliage is industrial timber prsciucts, Species that excluded, The weight of wood sad bark in typicslly ext:ibit snan size, per FormE or Lateral Itmbs, secondary limbs, and twigs *niiferior * quai1E.i - - exciilded, under 0-5 inch in diameter at the point or' occurreace en sapling-size trees is Cropland, land snCer cuitivatic~within the inclnded, bnt is excladed an pcietlmber and past 24 l30n:hs ineludfing orrl~rrlsand land sawttmoer-size* * trees. il SO:~-:vO,e r?vlkA,L- ln- LLc.~s,a"- b;ee excludir,g Laad cuitlvated -firoad management class, A cPassificasioa cf * " "" Diameter elass, A clsssification sf trees eomercrae rerest land based on forest type d - industry La~downed by 20;~- - Farest Land, - or s~utker~?9:~press~ s:ng;y sr in cern- panizs or icdioidxais opara;ine- wooa-usrcn bination, constitute a pLcraEi:y- of tke plants, stocking, except where ~i~esacaouor for 25 te 56 percen",x r-~:.-kw..-L.,, ---Lase the stand Forest industry leased land, Land Tease5 or vould 5e classified oa~-prne,~ - (CornAnn ander nanagenent coarractf ~3 forest indus- essoclatea include cottor~ood,wi;:ow, try irsm orher omets far perloas= * of one esEr , e:?n, hackberry, and maple. l-,) forest rotatian or loilge:, I.anC under ,,-t:iag co=trazts not inclcded, T%~im-ash-cotro~w~~c2, - Fsrests in which eh, ". is - . ~ ash, cr cottonwood, sinela-- - or ia comslna- Forest %and, Land at Peast 16-3 percent tien, cznstitzte a plurality cf the -~,?..i.~du-L ..-. *DY rores- t trees 3: any srze, or stozking, !Cam.on associates ixciude fon~erSyhaving had such tree cover, arid WILLOW,--* sycamore, beech, and napls,) nor currectly devel ap-d for nonfcres: ase, Mapis-beech-birci~,- Fures ts in which naple, * - -porest type, A classification af farest P,Ye",h, or --7"-;-7,c~iuu 'SL~C~~ ' s~ng~yor In co71- land 52seJ nc the s7eirl;ei; forming a plural- iication, constitute a pl~cralicy af the ity of 1;-~e-cree stocking, stocking. (Csmmon assaciatrs include * - hemlock, 21a, basswood, and whits pxne,) :q;?ie- ~i.ne-he;nlcck,7iires ts in which -- "?Px,- ~ctller :rc~<~~:,"ordt sin we$ch Easter? wtii~epine, red pine, or jack ---.. - 3i?e, sCagly o~ in combfnacion, consti- palms aca ocner troairals consrc:>te a pluraltig oE the stackfag, tute 3 plurality of the stock%ng, {C~-t->r-.Lust..I associates include hemlock, birch, and xap'ie,j Gross growth, Ann-~alincrease ;c ~eerchant- able volwae of trees in the ahszzce of cat- Sprcce-fir, ?ores ts iq which spruce or ring and nerteTiry, (Gross grnvtkt inc Lades ~ - ..~t~ririvor gro\iltki ingri;idth -?rnwth cn trae fir;, szr!eiy or in :9&inafioz, -- 9 0 c9nstit:lte a pluralrtv cf the stocking, Lagrowth, growth gn renavals prior tu Soft Xerdwscda, Soft-textured harCwoods largerAu- cut or destroyed during logging P such as boxelder, red and silver maples, operations and not used, hackberry, Loblaliy-bay, sweetgnm, - * yellow-poplar, magnolia, sweetbay, vater Manageable stand, C.m~mer=;ai forest P3nd at tupelo, blackgum, sycamore, eottonvssd, least 60 percenr stocked with ~rowing-stock Slack cherry, willow, basswocd, and elm, trezs that can be featured toge:her under a waoagement scheme, Nard hardw~rsbs. 'SEard-textu.red har&doods such as sngar ~rpl*~birch, hickory, dog- Merchantable perticn, That portion 3f all weod, persimon (forest gro~~),black live trees 5,0 inches d,b,h, an?- - larger locust, beech, ash, honeylocust, hclly, between a l-foot s"_i:i",p and a l-19:nu-r: black walnrrt9 muPberpy, and a?"_comer- &,O-Cnci-. top diameter ouiislie bark on the c iahdcks, ceztral stem, That sortion of pripZary forks * f-.dr the point of occurrence to a mbnzlmum -* * Idle farmland, Land including former croc- 4,I?-inch t3~dias,eber outsloe oark is land i orchard, improved pastrsre , an6 farm incltided , sbtes not tended wLE~~the pasc 2 years, and czrrently 12ss than 16-7 percent stocked with live trees, Improved pasture, Land currently Emproved W'Lr~scsf'ianeisus Federal land, Federal la~d f- - * -. A oe grazxng oy cul.tf-~at%on,seeding, 1x1- other than National Forests, land adqinls- gation, or clearing of trees or brush. tered by the Sureau of Land Management, and lard alaini~tered3=. -,he Bureats of Indian Endran land, All lands held in truac by the Affairs, United States for individoa: Tndians or tribes, ar aLi Lands, titles to which are MisceLLaneous private Sand (see: Other pri- held by individual EzdLans or tribes, sub- vste land). ject to Federal restrictions against alienation; Mofta"lix-y, The nrer-iar_",s'sle ~.olume ir: ----ii ..e= - that have died frm na:ursl causes nurlngf * a Industrial wood, All roundwood specifi.ed except fuelwood, National Forest land, Federal L.q=d that has Ingrowth, The nunher or net v@iurp,e of trees been legally designated 3s National Forests that graw large enauzh- during a speclf~ej~ Or pa~,;iase-.' -.- units, and ather land un6er the pear bLO qgalifv as seplings, poleti~ber~or admL-Lstr_-et.isr?of the Forest Service, saw~imber* including-. exnerimental areas azd Backiezd- Jones Title 111 land, Inhibiting vegetation, Csver szfficiextly dense ", prre.rnt the establi.shrn.int of ".ee Net annual growth, The let change in gez- seed li~gs, :%ancable vc>nar for 2 speei": year ?> t5z Plant 'LvproJccts, S;sidues (-oarsf or a i; l . ,. .ine) ctrlized rn tne further manufsctarp e".';,dusrriaT przducts car for ccnsilmer Net ;polrrm@, G~OSSVO~L:C:~ of wood fes cleduc- use, 3r utilized as fuel, +:.LLLpn~ lor- roe) sweep, or other defect affecticg xse f3r timber producrs, Ticnused pParst residues, Xesi3ues (coarse - .- - tsr rsze) that are zot rased for anv- ~md-a Nsncormereial fcrest %and, Farest land not uct , inc'i.n:llng fuel, considered ccmlercial, I-,clnjas borh unpro- iuctive forest land a-.d pr-8r;z:ive-reser-jed Poletimber-size trees, AE? live tree,; at +7.rC;---".L---s c Lanb," ioast- - 5-9 inches d,bih, but smaller than sawtinber size, Noncom-ercial species, Tree species nf ty-;-.r - carry small size, pcor Eorn~, or inferior Productive-reserved forest land, Forest qua1.it-v wkich ncraa!?y do nor dearefirp into larid sufficiently productive to qua1 ifr as trees for industrial weed products. comerci.ai forest land* bst wf.thhbra%.;~ from tixher utilization throagh statute or Nonforest land, Lad that hss never sup- administrative designation, ~artedforesrs and land formerly f~rested where timber =reduction is ~recrudedby Quality class, A ciassPflc3tlon of saw- development f~rother uses, thber vok~lrrre by log or tree grades, Noni~dustrialprivate forest (NIPP) land, Rangeland, Land on which the natural vegeta- I \ (see: Othgr lane;, ?ion is pre4ar.iaantty native grasses, grass- IiLhi- :-*o plants, forbe, .sr shr;:bs -ja'Euab'iefor Bonstaeked forest lard, Commercial forest forage, not qusfifving as coinmercial forest land less than 15,7 sercent stocked with aad not developed Ear eacther Ian$ use, growbng-stack trees, Rangeland includes nat:rral gras~1~r-d savannah, Other pr$va:e land, F;i~ately owned land excluding forest indraatry land or Eorest Ratten trees, Live trses of ccmercnai~ * spe- *. inaustsy leased land, Atsc referred to as cies that do nst contala at least one rronindustria', pp_-i.\-a;eorset (FJT^,PF)land, I?-<-oat saw lag, or two noncontiguo~s sax lags, each 8 feet or ianger, nci or --A-uL- Famqr-ohred Pszd, Owned by fam opera- 'peztively, prTnarily because 4E rst or tors excluding incorporated farn owner- rnlsslng* * sections, and with less than nae- ships, thkrd cf the gross baerd-foat: tree vr;"i.:me in socnd material, Other rxdl-;lloua;~*.*-Larib, . 01~~~edby individ- ~v s cther than *. ,-Is fan. operators. Rough trees, J,ive trees nf cnmnercra spe- cies that do n3t contain at least onz Other cnrgorate - land,- Owned by corpora- :2-fi;;?"_aw log, or two nonca=tigr;ous saw tio2s, including incorpcraeed farm logs, each 8 feet or longer, ngw or pro- ownerships, spectively, primarily because of roughness, ~OCPfan%: split^, and cracks, and with Other removals, The growcng-stock vePune of less o~re-tf\ird of the gross bnard-fooe trees renosed from the by ct~ltur- * in-+vectory tree voleme in sound material;- and all ii-ve 07e--r-La-tons. - such as zLnSer srand inprove- trees of nencom.erclai* * species, rnept, !snd :rearing9 and other chaaees In land use char result Ln -he removal of the * Roundwood (roundwood lege). Logs, zo~ts,- or trees Froz the ~3rnmercia1forest, otker round sections cut fpam tzers Ear indnstrial or co~:s-mrr gses, Plant residues, Mood rnacerls,- - generated in the of timber praducts at pri- -. 93ry macufaczuring plan~s. Roundwood chipped, Any timber cue pri~,zriiy for puPpwo~d,CcielPvered to nonpulpnills, chipped, and to puT~nL1Ls- Coarse- - residues,- MaterhaE, suchas s:aSsi thec sold - ;s resi- edgings, trin? veceer cares and ends, 3112s i.nz?rrdL;lig chlpped tops, ju~;psections, which is snitable for chipsigg, whole trsres and p~llaviicr?,sticks. -, r L~E:-.res iZjes, - MaterLaL sx.-iias sa~diast Roundwood produes ts . Anp primary product shevirgsp asd veneer :kip~ings; which is a:rch 2s I-izber, p31esp pilicgs, puT?, or .~ - -i.~t -3 suitable Enr csr2p;ng. fuerwaad which is prodofed fran rou~dwood, Salvabie dead trees, Standing or iaa*~ Orher s~ftwcods,Cyprsss, eastern r28- - s - +,~ees - considered utilizable by Forest zedar, nlr:~"L eCear) eastern whiee pine, Icventory and Analysis standards, eastern kernlock, spruce, and fir, Saplings, Live trees 1-0eo 5,9 inches Stand-gize elass, A classificatinn of b*ir,h, fores~land based on the diametar class distributis~: af growl?g-stock crees Ln tbe Saw lag, A ioy meetifig minirrrc~~standards of s rand, " - olameter , Iengtl--,and defect , tncL:ldf.ig logs at least 8 feet l~cg,sou~:Z and str~ight~ Sx:~~imbersrands. Sran6s at least 16,s and with a r!:nlmnme - alaneter~ inside harlc for percent stacked zr~~ing--~C;a~ktreesp sofcvoods 3f 6 inches (8 ine!~es for har8- 3~ a~re3f t~tral~~3cking in weeds ) , sawtinber and poletimber trees, and with saxtimber st-ockirrg at least equal to Sa~--:=g paticn, 'That PSP: ~f the bale nf poletimber stock<.ng, aavtixber trees between a l-fact stunp and *he- . sas-log tap, kcluding the poreion of forks large erro;:gk to corltahn a saw 139- percelr stocked with grcwlnk-- a- +,%(4',,,-a trees of vtish half or nore of ~otalstocking ~ - " - Saw-1cg top. The point 3r the bole 3f saw- - - ~n paletlmber and sawtimber trees, and timbey trees ahovz which a conventienal saw polercmber stocking exceeding that Zcg ;ez-,ot '3s produced, The minlwilri say-log of sawtEmPer, 7 top 1s- j,O ilches in diameter ours!.de bark (d,o,j,) for softw@ods and 9.3 inches (d,o,5,) for hardwoods, trees of which mare- s than half of toter Sawtimber-size trees, Softwaods 9*0 inches stocking fs sapilngs and seedfings. d, b,h, and larger and i:ardvc30ds 11,O i2ches d,b,h, an3 larger. State, county, an8 munpcipaP- land, iar:B awned by States, csuztkes, and local pn5l.i~ sgencies cr mcnlcrpalities,* - sr land leased to these grvernmental units for 50 years or more .. Seedlings. hive frees of somaercisl spectes S"-- The degree of occcpsncy cr- *iagd less than 1,0 inch d,b,h, that are expscred br. trees, 3exsured by basal area or "re -LO - survive an3 develop, nunber cf trees i~a stand ad spacing in the stand, czmpared with a rninzmt9~ ~ standard, S%%eclass, A classi.fication sf farest land depen'dirag on tree size, reqaired to fu'Llv in tens cn I.meretlt- capaclt-y to gs3w crops cthlize the grout5 potential of rhe land, ci ~r,cfias~r.~ai- - lacud bssed 02 fi~lly~tockeui natural 8 t-ands, 5;. anaiial prodr.rc tion aapac- -rulLy -- st3cked, 190 percent or more ity* - - - 5'^"1L,,K-r?g, - --Class 1, 165 or more cubic feet per acre, Class 2, 126 tc cubic feet per acre, -- 16L "t~or-y stacked, Less thaa 60 percent ijaass 4, 55 to ai, cgbic feet Dsr acre, Survivor growth, The merchantab le vo increment on rrees 5.0 inches d,b,h, an3 larger i-. :!-!,e icver,tcry at the bsg Pines,- - YelEow pine specis3 which include trees removzd from the inventcry by har- lab',oliy, langTeafl slash, pond, shsrt- ,.;stinn*., , cn1:1.~.reI nperarions such as stand Leaf, 7Lrzizia, sa3.5, s?r~lce,and in~roverrrenr,Iecd clearing, cr rhaages in Table M-ar,c--air, pines. Pa26 Gse, -iop, The psrti.cn of tte r?aiil irem and forks n-urper-sten partcon, That part of the main .* . . from a L-O-inci~ liarxet~roursl~e oarx to stem or fork of sawtimber frees above the the F--I,- -- of the ?aaLn st~rnan6 Forks, plus saw-? _c.g- top to ninirntrm top diameter 4,0 ail other ilmbs above the L-9-icch rap at inc!~h-s outside bark ar to the point where lease 3-5 inch ia dismzter at their poLnt C;ne - main stem ar fork breaks into limbs, 3 f occurresce, 3rban and other areas. Areas developed for Treatnent opper~unity,A classifiiatl3n of reside~tial,inbustrial, ar recreational tire msnagemen t or rrea'L;nelhc that wo%ld mGs t purpases9 sch031 yards, cemeteries* roads) inprove Zcr timber prndcction the exLstinR --iRi-ruBds. 1 ,-- aircmrtsy beaches, powerlines cordition af t?r stand being sampled, ::rid cther rights-of-way, 31- ether nonforet land not included in any other s-~cifiejP- - Enpraductsve- forest land, Farest laad land use class, incapable 3f praaxclng" 20 cubic feet ozr .'"'" 3f = < r ~.L.dcscr13i~306 under natural con-- ditiucs9 because of adverse site conditions, *.:-,.nik.rm;rir: numb?? sf ?.ii-.lm~m basil sren C,h,Fl, trees ysrs -7 >er acre per i i cs.>-.- for 'uL1 stckilg f~rful: stcckizg Conversion factors Crbii 'err of vaad par eserege cord ~exclu2icgbark) Average -,~b-2 723 87,3 I'; ,.$ --- - - ~ Metric eqclT;aiencs 0s unlrs ~sedin this reparc - ~ -. ~ ---- ~ - - i acre = 4,C66,56 square meters or 3.634636 3eccares I cubic foot - 0,328317 cubic meters 1 irch = 2-54 centinererrs or 9,035~.xeters Breastheight = 1-1 meters ebove gr?-?.3 level 1 squnrz foot = I:i.ii?.,Ci $*:are rznti-ierers or 3,0929 square meters Csun ty Tables -7 he cc;%nty tables are i=rended for use in ,znmpili>g fsrest resoxrse * estimates for gr~tl~~i3f eacntes, Becars.se the sa-r;,p~;ng- procedure ~sedby t%e* -pores: Scsvey intazded pr-msrilp to Exrnish inventary data for the sxrvev upit as a wfioie,* inrjj.vkcuala- * csu--ty estimstss 5a-q~licited and vari- able acccracp, As cor;nty t~talsare brcken 2obgt 5.; xjaricus suS;f;--",,JLSIS~S, possizr"a* * ~fty ~ of error increases and Ls -ereatest for th? smallest itsas. m-;he arder sf this increase can be sonpcted with t-ae fnn.ula 3~ 33gn 4, -r ores"_'tap$ 411 Coua.ty - * .a Cngmercral !?pproduct:ve Praducri-je- 3 18"id 41lot21 lad forest feresp; reserve$ h?lenhar,v- - 72 ,821 Ash2 144,383 A~jery 1I&, 830 Buncan5e ~s=,lo6me- Burlee LbS?3r7'9' Cald1gelt 22g, 173 74s 945 Gherokez - -9 Clay :06,4.32 Gr;ihaa 162,332 Saywood ?72,426 Hender~afi 1!+5,615 Jzakson 252,09.t; \4cTje-s7a- .LL-, ,ht - 229,651 Y-iacon 271p589 ->fad s- on ~11;~566 >;a; + ,:, - i-,-iLit -~1 132,445 Swain iT0,771 -~ransyivansa 206,641 ??- 4- b%o~aaga -I10,055 * # qn1 'di"~ - :- ke,~ 32;'" LV ya2ce y 161 265 rn ,-ole $,--Arsa of csrr?,~ercda9forest Isnd, by ccantv 3x8 sta~d-s!.ze class, Mountains of Sopth cgrgiina, i984 ALL ~0p.i~mc?~ed c3unpg; stands - Sapling- BKE~S Sswt ~n~aerPole t imber seedling A1Eeghany Ashe Avery B.-9u*&LL.L,L~~ ---' Burke Caldwei.l Cherokee Clay Graham Ha~y-~$ood F' F' fiender son Jacksan XcDove~I Mae on Wadisan Xitche%P Swain -iransylvanLa Td,,aaga -+ . **wilkes - hant ey -- ~ - , *- ,- Sit~class ("CDIC :eet ~eracre per yesr) AT 1 Csa:?&v pp -- ~lases > 164 i20-16& 85-119 J A1L 1-\_e_icnY a-L- As he sv,rg Bus,@s&e Burke c~~&p~~ Che nk a ...-I-'=- Clap Graham Eiauv.sod =-#aenderson Jacksor ";cDe.~..e11 Yacon Had is >fitcheil Swain -~ran.5 -y lvazia 7*v.;atauga v r7~slkes - *reaneey Stsckicg pereentzge2 Ai- i County ------,..BsSesbe7 m > 138 10Q-130 6C-99 16-7-59 < i6-7 -a-. See stccking standards on page 11, Unit Tables - - AL1 Forest rype - -porest o~~ers3ipsSationa; Other ~y?r?~t ctiler P_r orest psblic industry ~niustrv- """7 ry.are leased Y- - Softwood types: -r+1nite -- pice-'!enlocX Sprrrce-fir Lon01- - e af p;riea Slash pine w~ob1oLI.y - plse Short Leaf >Ene Vireinia- Sand pine E2st-r~ tescedar Perid pine Spr-ce prne pit-'. pine- miabPc Mocntain pine Hardwood types: cak-pine 4fJ7,?83 83,777 3,2i48 14,357 -- 295,042 Oak-~ie~cory 2,622,i50 669,838 84,.-. ~ 758 57,521 9 1 , Y--, jO,oJ.L+ Chestaue oak 585,797 88,601 :gL ?>-71 12,351 - - ?7,25i, Sonthern scrnb oak ------t-za ~l-%- k,m-cvceess7q3 ------,& E~--gs~-cn~ta~wo~d 4,7139 ------4,799 Ma~i~-be~~*~-"~h157,537 57,3h1 3,182 3,216 -- 93,598 Tcjtal All types Table :i,--!ire~ cf :o~~or:lai~"'- rarest land, Sy awnershlp and stocking classes of gro~ Stcckizg percentage is *hq.ersbi3 A11 --- class class2s > 130 ~OLS-~~O 40-99 10,~-59 t 16.7 ------Acres - - - - .------Xstinnal Forest 475,538 14,o&P 299,643 533,633 litj9E86 4,084 other p"bllc l!e9226 5,385 13,790 55,796 &iJ, 255 -- 45,807 4,684 -- -r ores t indastry --‘11 2,685 .; -9 92.a& 59,862 -rareor i3dustpv-lsased 3 ,). -; -- -- 14i -- -- Qthef private i,rj -L: 1 ->2,754 iYz,91$ 8201L+65 1,392,246 3&7,129 -- - --bee srscking stadards sn page !L, Sroad management class Stand-age class A?A 7i - -- P' P' iYea~s) classes Pice \-*aLT,caral uprand Eccisad Oak-pin.- plantation pine hardwood hardwood * Table 13,-- Area ef comercras- forest Ixnd, by scan2-age and brcad management classes, Dubl%~swnersbips, ?fountafns of r Broad asnagenant class Stand-age elass AIL - "-- - ~ C years) c: asses Tine Natural Up lanisi awland Oak--'--DsLLLr; " plantation pIPi% hardwsod hardvssd Q+-IQ 33,537 -- -- 26,log 11-20 18,122 980 lo,614 6 528 21-3~ 22,5h;o 4,556 1'7,643 31-40 61 *e54 -- 49,045 i~p-5C 1r.k 438 68 - 351 * 9 3,982 51-60 149, 5&4 -- 121,943 51-70 171,381 - - 138,814 :oq &97 4 1-80 rag, lrsr -- L 49"6 81.- 223,5f2 - - 181,"~333 No manageable stand 148,673 -- 1&09&$8 AE classes 1,042,814 9,654- eP,9EO 4,L,385 "3 8<&'-9 301 - - Table 14,--Ar~a~f comercia1 f:~r@s:land, by stand-age and broad aanagement classes, fnregt industry,a Xountains of North Carslins, 1984 * - Stand-age class All - ---, - (years:' c casses Pine Natural TPupland Lowlarid Qak-pine plantation pine hardwood hardwood ~llclasses 112,826 17,145 19,357 73,109 -- Table !5,--Area of corrrtarc~ar= ii forzst Isnd, by stand-age and 5~oadnagageaent classes, other ~rivate3naerships,' )fe:.:ntains Ncfth Car3?ics, 1984 m d ~xciudeg- 141 szres sf other privata Land under long-:era lsase t3 farest indusrry. s+3-.*-17(,1 tlv= Braad L.aL%L + -b.~&b class 1 management icabic feet of growing stock per acre) -- -- p- class classes 8-499 2-u line plantstion 39,399 Eatarsl pine 488,229 (3~7<-4-. ~L~I,*a 507,383 Upland hardwood 2,958,584 *~owiand - hardwood 4,799 / j: % 3 *?I x .T I -I! '.N! 3.. a 1. dl u^ ?. / mi! -- N =it - ; -;I ;i it1; COME 0- -, 2 t $1 Jl m?* d mjl -1 -.Nil I !I t .I t a mils,1 L?': i- , ,, il 0 ^f 1 "I' " z!Zjj i :i 4-a!!n - e; r- - at,^:I $1 -IC -4; i! 1 ;I 0 3 1 011 r- ii. E r?\t C9\ a j O!j 2 :I ! -?'z!j / E i ij 2 2 1 --'I -;I , - LC-1 mJI C ir 1 .$; :,!I 2 :E 1I j[' I; ' C.' 6 j .: .: u.- i *$ *: -- 1 LC, 1 : c.4 NL' I I < 3 1 -1: cnc m,jl < c,<,I VCYI/ -I! ?. ?. w .-.? 1 -IfXi! Lilt i, "- - - .. "-".." .."".-"-"-- . ~8!4"'3 1 6~.)0'i1 O?lhb(.l~ Z9QU1S 595iX7i: t!~i:' $79 998 VTS'i: 8%'~ 19Lp'L [ 00: 9 Z,C ZS 1 +I Y X $49~~~1 puo,np.reil LY I/ SBC 0992 81ib$ W"JLi i99" GCbi 9CL SOL OI 1 5iCYb p(JilhJJilr; :auad-ynt,p . - .. - ,- - " "- "- - dB? 1 OU E8Z 69 OCS poofip~rryj "-- .- -. ---~ 1647 i SC 9i;5,'1 ItY' [ -.- -.-- Z Vi) "/ pimn )~os " " - --A.. - ~ -~--" - *" -. A*" "- - ,-a*- +28 O?;l",li OL -19 09-.T(; 054'9 Of-TE Oi-1Z OZ-'$1 0 4 ,-0 ij~le2s s ass e -(, .? dno:n4 saj;>auls ~"" -. a 1 qea3~1ielu pus S?tis~p (.;"zx;.ad) ,,c;rei:i a8e-giwnei:; ON '-" tuawa#ai.iniir paiiri., mcable 2l,--Xr~a of ccm-ercial forest ig:~d treated or disturbed annualiy- * and retalnea> in comiercial forest land, by trestnent or distur4ance and ownership class, Ftounrains sf Norrh Carolina, 1974 to 1984 I:.-. LiEMK hndus try- industry * pr~vate ieased Final habyes t Selective cutting and hlgn- * graarng- * Ccmercia? chinning Other rtad bj~~ipr~veme:~t Site preparation Artif ieial regenerationS Natural regeaerat ionb Other tteaznent ttatnral distaLrbaace a Since sane acres experience mgre than one treataent or disturbance, there are no coluan totals, I"Inr~r.-dt..: es:a~~iahmen~of trees for timber an forest and lorf forest 1Lana, .. ' Broad nanagenent class23 T.i-ear?;len"L - - -- A'i 1 - - -- c7 r - csasses Pine Na",ural 7-'*--_ah Upland - ows sand disturbanze -p'lai~~~ -i~n pine -pine hardwood hardwood Pinaf harvest 23,859 - - &,&.zo lp374 16,765 -- Selective cutting and n~ghgrad kg -rg ,,,8?7 -- 485 1,58t 8,~a3#\ f $ -- ii 7 ~54 45 &05 1,599 --" ,om.?rciak thincing if. ~the~stan5 Laprcvearnt 1,852 - - 836 -- ~,OEQ -- she,, preparat ~on 2,125 - - 29 806 A?r "sagbd -,- Otker trestnent 15,912 - - P ,935 1,394 12,583 -- Naru~a~ Y ------ 5 - Since sene acres experience core than one Ereatnen: or disturbance, there ape no col,.m? tntais, * - ~~s-l~23 ,---A..r,--- zf ccmnerclai forest land regenerated annuz?hy, by type of regexel-at-o~ and broad mansgement class, pfogn:ains of N3rth Carolinas !944 to 1954 c. f classes -r lne* Satural cak- rpla~~d Lowlanl *+---,e-e:,1rBt - i3fi p"iactat;sn pine 43r-ne - hardv~c3 hardwcc3 ri,_-,, ,,,-itrcation* after regeneration, -LreaZmenP Xrcad aanagement -lass 1 -p- ---~ - opportxnfty classes -,r irie Natural Qak- 'J.-land era-- - r Lowland 3 3 * .%I-X L I n>*% - rLaLiratlon _- - t-cf pine nsrdwood hardwood Salvage si, 146 =* CL WBI~est 2~~1382 Comterc thigniyLg 53,762 ether srand fzDroveaent l55,I 7-73 i i Stand conversion 4,423 Regeneration :63.,347 S$a~d~iq rela&ivelv gocd condition 1,088,:93 Advarse sitesg 2,191 385 A11 classes 3,905,394 39,399 498,229 487,383 2,963,584 4 Pa79il " a s * Bresa where management oppcrtua;tles are severely limited 3eeause of steep slcpes or poor drai~a~e, 3W3ErShl'- r* PuS1J.c Fsrest industry- Gther rnaustx-y leased private Salvage hi,i 146 PTnarves t 225,382 Ccmmercial t3inning 53,762 Other stand i:3provesent 155,'17iii Stacd eonv9rsinn 9,423 Regeneratiofi 163,347 Stanzs ia re?ative].y good cofisltlon 1,i-J&2,133 Adverse sites" L,i91,7.&!+ 1 C~ m%rc2: m -4 F iq ii= ma- "- Y..~oletinber trees 112,728 f- -tr - + All gr3wing-~~t~~~Crees 7,1"?9,55 i32,998--- -Aibl$,989 1,930,441 3,751 _Bi"jy:ah- --- w Rough trees: Total Zotten trees: Salvsble dead trees: '~naludes cnll secttons in the saw-10~ 3- CPPI-~~~, f ?B+IpR-i IN-CI 1-1 ; !am t -em I ? ~*Nr--8 1-1 -+- ";or: mar- &* -- * - j -R! .we L-, c.4 4 iI E ocei9.3b hN--rqCS hCm6?S-.1+--.-- ti. 4 a 4 I I I I I I 1 cz ' dl; Li hr l -I L?"1 ' 8 .-N : bTS I l "Nt i ' la 21 ? bzelhm=.'t v*me: 1- P: - , CP * I I I I I I i f 10! t *9-a3 ' t a-40 I I a i i~9i lO>lli i ! P-4-R ? fuT ri N I- \-3 ria- ?. i t 1 8 I I -d g hi 2 LO ~ -. 161~~3~ ~69~~ iii6t BZB'Z 9"1~~;7, 006" 11 hiidt% ""-~ i / 0 "1 i 86 2 C ' 91 - .- $388 5 1 t7F "i ilil i5OdOZ / ov 0 i Zrli "it ~1V6h'i: 099 9~9~611~ 86s "L IEL "I)< !:"ru{'a3 s sc3~ i ! i ma # ear--- u , am4 1 8 1 a ; I G.3 1 mm3 I : OFe: I 1: is 3s -4 54 m .; " ,-- *-& - C?- iCCili ma- r. r. E - ~- I n lm-;-*da! 1 + _yU?! qe.3- E i 52-- h. .;C ---.3 g' mu- 3e.m --. 16-- i i2s;$:gi; rT;--- -e.+--- is-" 'a""\O a--;Tm d 4 d ax-+--womom-- mm a?. -1-9 9*C a,* 14- - \* - 4 - ; *I:mi' I# NEI:I Xj!r ,;I ,I ! Ilj 8 P!/ di, -1 i mr@ 1 i l a:[ *- i Fnji .?I !I \- 1 : el/ .';1i iX / j ;i a:! -ij mq 1 -;Ii3-i: Ij $1 mj! h'i- my I F-. :1 g!! mi!21 ~il w8i '1I! =jl 4i 211 c-3 !l $11 11 dl, i ii,-4 211 jl I! ;!I mj/ !t gli 4; ;\I ij S:'c.'i :.E :.E 4 m;l -7 / - -* f+ e Annual a-p;.naai r iaber gr~wzh re-r?oa?a1 s - -- m-,nousand Sosr3 feet Sof "rood: Yellnw pines zesternT" whhce 2lne Spruce an& fir Cvppj?ss a - Other eastern sofevoads Hardwood : Select white an$ red ;.-'-..dcl txb Other &:te and red oaks 7-;rL,,KbLd p3 nyv yellow birch. Hard napre Svee tgum Ash, walnut, and black cher--vA J yei12W-".-sfp~dpLa? T,upePs and blackgsm Bay an2 magnoira- s ather eastern tar-wsods All species u X,.F C m-4, ', 5 ** A' -25% t: CL "L IS 3 L a) -3?nousand - - cn5ic feet - - Softwood: VOjlOW- n;ae5 - YL- I-castern white pice Spruce and fit Cypress Sther eastern softwoods *-~ardwood r: Select xhire and rec* oam- Other white and red oaks -- ~.E&O~V- >;'=.I---LOW ' birch Hard mapie Srqe o C gum Ash, walnut, aad black cherrv Yellow-papiar e7**-.;psIo azd h'iackqrs.fr Say end magnslPa ?%her eastern hardweods a MerchanCaSLe porcisn only, PI- E j Acres - - 4 - -- - = ------br;--iOSt c.., - x- Y Ld&d: C:c;imerciat farest land: 9:r ine and o&-pinc ty?es 1,956,$46 205,555 9'3'5,011 ~173.-- p -P'46 --har$t~ond types 2,938,249 3,%08,001 2,973,383 -2;L+,518 Wcfcorrri~,ercial forest Lan2: Pr(I.f.octEvz-resay----\_ - i CL 4 353 p -t8 4:36,(l5tj 332,981 -13,095 CnpPodt2ctive 1O96G3 12,058 11,242 -8 i Eonforest land: 3- J 4'15,502 3itr -' .":3,6"'. +g;, r- * cFn*.~LVtii'i:.LY 112 Jbi- lastare and --n*-i. ct.-c~-- 535,234 583 610 531,001 -52,699 Other 262,750 313,814 3%j926SJ +102,&54 ---.------.----- All laEd" 5,632,&8!+ 5,531,8:6 5,643,559 911,743 e h I'.- m em--- ec- : air- 1 *? -7 m , -4- k em- warn am-cGF--- ij? - LP T-ine Forest Service, U.S. DL"- partment of Agriculruret Is dedicated to the principle of multiple use management of the Xa;tiaon's forestresources for sustained yields of wood, water, forage, wildlife, and recreation. Through forestry research, cooperation iarh- tnev States a.;sd nrivareP-- forest riwners, znd managenlent of the National roreses1' and Nadofid Grass"nnds, it strives --.as directed by conpess--to * prov"de ncreaslngny- greater senrice to a growing Nation, USDA ;soiiq- does not pel=& &scrrmlfiation*~ ~ -bemuse of race, COLOP, national origin, sex or reilgron.P- I Any = . , person who believes he or she has been discrtm-i71- -&;&red - against in my bbDA-reiatedw - actnvi~yshould ;mf?e~;mitli~tilly - to the Secretary of Agriculture, -.v~ashington, D,C, 20250,