431

Subject Index

3D CT AIDS 348 articular disc 16 – normal bone anatomy of the face alcohol 425 articular tubercle (eminence) 16 and skull 2 allergic sinusitis 270 artificial bone chips 194 alveolar process 186 astrocytes 371 alveolar recess of maxillary sinus 4 astrocytoma 371 A ameloblastoma asymmetric tongue 315 – desmoplastic type 47 atlantoaxial dislocation 365 abscess 119, 335, 339, 376 – desmoplastic, mandible 55, 56 atrophy 249 – and cellulitis in parotid region 337 – mandible 57 – with fatty replacement – epidural 390 – solid/multicystic type 47 of medial pterygoid muscle 313 – in cheek 141 – solid/multicystic – with fatty replacement of most – in masticator space – – mandible 48, 49, 50 of the lateral pterygoid muscle 313 with intracranial spread 310 – – maxilla 48 autopsy specimen 147 – in middle cranial fossa 310 – unicystic type 47 avascular necrosis 154 – in parotid gland 336 – unicystic, mandible 51, 53 – parapharyngeal 138, 139, 140 amorphous calcification 363 – parenchymal 390 aneurysmal bone cyst 62 B – subdural 390 angiofollicular hyperplasia 388 – submandibular 137 angle of mandible 321 bacterial – subperiosteal 390 ankyloses 164 – infection 335 – thyroid 377 ankylosing spondylitis 160, 363 – meningitis 303 absence of zygoma 251 ankylosis 164, 165, 263 – rhinosinusitis 267 absent anorexia 369 ballooning 418, 420, 421 – zygoma 250 antegonial notching 251 base of tongue 4, 322, 324 – zygomatic arch 263 anterior band of articular disc 16 basket retrieval 418 absolute alcohol 425 anterior belly of digastric muscle 4 benign angioma 409 achondroplasia 256, 257, 258 anterior bite opening 157 benign bilateral lymphoepithelial acinic cell carcinoma 357 anterior disc displacement 149, 155, cysts 348 acrocephalosyndactyly types 254 156 benign jaw tumors and tumor-like acute – and bone marrow edema 148 conditions 39 – leukemias 106 – with lateral disc displacement 143 benign lymphoepithelial cysts – mastoiditis 390 – with joint effusion 147 associated with HIV-AIDS 348 – rhinosinusitis 267, 268 – without lateral disc displacement benign masseteric hypertrophy 311 – sialoadenitis 335 143 benign mixed tumor 350 – sinusitis 268 anterior fontanelle 1, 243 benign tumor 170, 326, 350 – suppurative parotitis 336 anterior nasal spina 228 bifacial microsomia 246 adamantinomatous 398 anterior nasal spine 1, 4 bifid condyle 168 adenocarcinoma 295, 358 anterior open bite 313 bifid or split condyle 166 adenoid cystic carcinoma 94 anteriorly displaced disc 416 bilateral coronoid hyperplasia 264 – of epipharynx with anterolateral fontanelle 1 bilateral maxillary cleft 228 intracranial spread 332 antrochoanal polyp 278 biopsies 415 – mandible 97 apert syndrome 254, 255 biopsy 422 – maxilla 95 apical periodontal cyst 21 bisphosphonate therapy 134 adenoidal tissue apical periodontitis 119, 185 blow-out fracture (nasopharyngeal tonsil) 4 arthritides 149, 157 – classic 224 adhesions 417 arthrogryposis multiplex – extensive 225 advanced chronic sialoadenitis 344 congenita 313 – medial 225 advanced osteoarthritis 151, 153 arthroscope 417 bone biopsy 422, 424 african jaw lymphoma 98 arthrosis deformans juveniles 149, 166 bone destruction 428 agenesia of malar bone 250 arthrotomography 415 bone graft from chin 193, 194 432 Subject Index

bone marrow – oropharyngeal 328 cleft lip 227 – abnormalities 154 – oropharynx 328 cleft lip and palate, bilateral 228 – biopsies 19 – parotid acinic, cell 357 cleft palate 227, 254 – edema 143, 149 – parotid high-grade mucoepidermoid, – midline 229 – – and osteonecrosis 154 cell 356 – unilateral 228 – sclerosis 149 – primary intraosseous 87 – lip 246 bone-destructive and bone-productive – squamous cell 87, 293, 332 clivus 4, 368, 369, 401 tumors 60 – – of cheek 331 cloverleaf skull 243 bone-destructive and/or bone-produc- – – of left maxillary sinus 294 coalescent mastoiditis 390 tive tumor-like conditions 72 – – of left palatine tonsil 330 coloboma 246 bone-destructive tumors 39, 87 ––oftongue328 common cleft palate bony ankylosis 165 ––oftonsil330 and/or cleft lip 227 – of cervical spine 239 – – mandible 88, 89, 90 common cold 267 bony union 263 – – maxilla 88 complete anterior disc displace- brachycephaly 243, 252, 255 – – malignant neoplasm 385, 386 ment 145 brachydactyly 254 – sublingual gland, adeno 358 complications of mandibular brain 373 – tongue base 385 fractures 215 branchial cleft cyst 330 carotid compound type 71 buccal mucosa 331 – artery calcification 316 concha bullosa 4, 270 buccal space fat 4 – bifurcation 316 conductive hearing 394 buccinator muscle 4 – body tumor 397 condylar Burkitt’s (non-Hodgkin’s) lymphoma, – canal 4 – hyperplasia 166, 232 mandible and maxilla 103 – sheath 321, 322 – hypoplasia 167 Burkitt’s lymphoma 98, 387 – space 397 – translation 144 bursae 365 Castleman’s disease 388 condyle burst fracture 375 cat scratch disease 388 – deformed 162 cavernous sinus thrombosis 402 – destruction 161 cavity – fractures 202 C – oral 333 cone beam – pharynx 333 – 3D CT 5 café-au-lait spots 81, 408 cellulitis 137, 310, 335 – CT 273 calcific tendinitis longus colli 361, 362 – or phlegmon 309 – CT bone anatomy of normal calcification 315, 373 cementifying fibroma 62 temporomandibular joint 16 calcification 319, 320, 339 cemento-ossifying fibroma 62 – CT examination 187 – in lingual tonsil 315 cerebellar tonsil 367 – CT sections 10 – in palatine tonsil 315 cervical congenital 372 – of posterior longitudinal ligament – disc displacement 364 – dacryocystocele 404 of spinal column 363 – lipoma 372 – hemangiomas 409 – of stylohyoid ligament 254 – pain 361 – neck lesions 321 calcified – region 326 connective tissue disease 345 – mass 315 – spinal canal 367 conventional or classic intraosseous – phleboliths 317 – spine 361 ameloblastoma 47 – plaque 316 – spine fracture 375 conventional sialography 346 – tissue 315 cherubism 84, 233 cord compression 372 calcium pyrophosphate dehydrate chiari I 367 core biopsy 422 crystal deposition disease chiari malformation 367 – needle 423 (pseudogout) 168 – type I 367 coronal calculi 339 choanae 1 – suture 1, 243, 259 calvaria 260 choanal – synostosis 252 cannula into submandibular duct 343 – atresia 230 – synostosis (plagiocephaly) 243 carcinoma – stenosis common 254 coronoid – adeno, ethmoid 295 chondrocalcinosis 168 – hyperplasia 175, 263, 264 – cell, maxillary sinus squamous 310 chondrosarcoma 114, 424 –process1,4 – clear-cell, of tongue base 329 – mandible 115 cranial – epidermoid 87 chordoma 368, 369 – migration 365 – hypopharynx 386 chronic – nerve symptoms 367 – larynx 314 – aspergillus sinusitis 272 craniocervical junction 368 – mucoepidermoid 91, 356 – leukemias 106 craniofacial – – mandible 93 – sialoadenitis 335, 342 – dysostoses 252 – nasopharyngeal 389 – sinusitis 270, 271 – dysostosis 254 – nevoid basal cell, syndrome 39 clear-cell carcinoma – fibrous dysplasia 81, 235 – oral 328 of tongue base 329 craniopharyngioma 398 Subject Index 433 craniosynostosis 244 dental implant endochondral osteogenesis 256 crista galli 4 – complication 195, 196 enlarged cross-sectional images – imaging – coronoid process 175 of alveolar process 191 – – postoperative CT scanning 186 – masseter muscles 311 Crouzon syndrome 252, 253, 254 – – preoperative CT scanning 186 – parotid glands 348 crystalline calcium compounds 361 – surgery 186, 193 eosinophilic granuloma 79 CSF dental malocclusion 232, 236 – mandible 80 – dynamics 367 DentaScan 194 epidermoid 379 – flow 367 – program 188, 190 – carcinoma 87 CT cisternography 303 dentigerous cyst 30 epidermoid cyst 321 CT fluoroscopy dentoalveolar structures epiglottic cartilage 333 – guided biopsy 423 and Implants 179 epiglottis 4 – – of orbital mass 424 dermoid 405 epipharynx wall 332 CT sections dermoid cyst 379 epistaxis 427 – bone structures 6 – in sublingual space epithelial-lined fluid-filled cavity 321 – soft tissue structures 12 and in tongue 323 epithelium-lined cavity 21 CT sialography 418 – of tongue 323 Epstein-Barr virus 387 cyst 119 dermoid of eyeball 246 eruption cyst 30 – benign bilateral lympho- detect salivary stones 418 erythroplakia 88 epithelial 348 digital subtraction ethiodol – dermoid 379 – angiography 426, 428 – and absolute alcohol 425 – epidermoid 321 – parotid sialography 421 adenocarcinoma 295 – follicular 30 – sialography 419, 420 eustachian tube 4 – glandular odontogenic 36 dilatation 419 Ewing sarcoma 116, 298 – hemorrhagic bone 72 dilated intraglandular ducts 344 – mandible 116, 117 – hemorrhagic 72 dilated Stensen’s duct exorbitism 252, 253 – incisive canal cyst 29, 30 and Wharton’s duct 338 exostoses 69, 231 – mandibular 349 disc displacement 160 expansile odontogenic conditions 300 – mucocele 279 – lateral 143 expansion of cord 371 – mucous retention 274, 349 – medial 143 external – nasolabial 292 – non-reducing 152 – auditory canal 1, 4 – nasopalatine duct 29 – normal bone 152 – carotid artery 4, 428 – residual 25 – posterior 143 – jugular vein 4 – retention 295 – pure lateral 143 extranodal involvement 98 – – in maxillary sinus 275 disc perforation 418 – paradental 26 DISH (diffuse idiopathic skeletal – periapical 21 hyperostosis) 363 F – – mandible 22 displacement of the articular disc 143 – – maxilla 22, 23, 24, 25 disproportionately small facial – second branchial cleft 321, 322 facial bones 250 – asymmetry 166, 167, 215, 232, 237, – simple bone 72 distal phalanges 245 246, 263 – solitary bone 72 dizziness 367 – asymmetry (mandibular) 166 – Tornwaldt’s 378 double-contrast 415 – birth defect 227, 246 – thyroglossal duct 321, 322, 379 double-contrast arthrotomo- – Growth Disturbances 227 – traumatic bone 72, 169 graphy 415 – hemangioma 425 – unicameral bone 72 Down syndrome 241, 242 – – embolization 425 cystic hygroma 379 draining ear 394 – hypoplasia 246 cystic lymphatic malformation 321 duct stone 341 – retrognathism 245 cytologic information 422 dwarfism 256, 259 – skeleton 260 dysarthria 401 – traumas and fractures 199 dysphagia 324, 361, 376, 377, 401 – underdevelopment 246 D –vein4 familiar fibrous jaw dysplasia 84 dacryocystitis 404 E fat dacryocystocele 404 – globules 321 degenerated parenchyma 344 ectodermal dysplasia 260, 261 – calcifications 321 degenerative ectodermal elements 405 – pads 365 – changes 364 ectopic thyroid tissue 324 – stranding 377 – joint disease 149 effusion 143 fever 376 dens axis 4 elephantiasis 383 fibroma dental abscess 320 embolizations 415 – cementifying fibroma 62 dental caries 119 eminence 417 – cemento-ossifying fibroma 62 434 Subject Index

fibro-osseous gingival cancer 88 Horner syndrome 397 – ankylosis 236 gland hybrid lesions 62 – tissue 395, 406 – enlarged parotid 348 hydromyelia 367 fibroblasts 374, 383 – minor salivary 350 hyoglossus muscle 4 fibrous – parotid 335, 345, 346, 347, 350, 354 hyoid bone 4, 316, 322 – adhesions 148 – salivary 339, 418 hyperbaric oxygenic treatment 132 – ankylosis 165 – sublingual 335 hyperemia 418 – dysplasia 62, 234, 289, 290, 395, 406 – submandibular 335, 339, 340, 341, hypertelorism 252 – – monostotic 81 345, 350, 358 hyperthyroidism 379 – – polyostotic 81 – thyroid 377 hypertrophied synovitis 365 fibrous dysplasia glandular odontogenic cyst hypo-thyroidism 379 – mandible 83 – maxilla 36 hypoglossal Canal 401 – maxilla 82 glenoid fossa 1, 4, 16, 246, 249, 263 hypoglossal nerve denervation – maxilla and mandible 81 glomus jugulare 397 atrophy 314 fibrous or bony union 164 glomus tympanicum 397 hypopharyngeal airway 376 fibrous posterior attachment glomus vagale hypopharynx carcinoma 386 (pseudodisc) 147 – paraganglioma 397 hypoplasia of maxilla 259 fibula graft 249 goiter 379 hypoplastic maxilla 229 fine needle aspiration 422 goldenhar oculoauriculovertebral hyposalivation 339 fistula 134 spectrum 246 flat fossa 162 Goldenhar syndrome 246 floating teeth 87 Gorlin-Goltz syndrome 39, 46 I floor of mouth 321, 323, 328, 341, 349, gout 168 379 granulation tissue 132 idiopathic bone cavity 72 follicular cyst 30 granulomatous or caseous type impacted third molar 36 – mandibular wisdom tooth 181 inflammation 366 incisive artery canal 4 – mandible 33, 35, 36 greater palatine incisive canal 4, 28 – maxilla 30, 31, 32 – canal 4 – cyst 29, 30 fontanelles 259 – foramen 4 incisive foramen 1, 4 foramen greater wing of sphenoid bone 4 induration 377 – magnum 1, 367 greenstick 212 infection (abscess) 309 – ovale 4 ground-glass appearance 60, 81, 235, infection/inflammation 335 –rotundum4 289 inferior foreign body in ethmoid sinus 303 ground-glass matrix 395, 406 – joint space 16 fossa of Rosenmüller – meatus 4 (lateral pharyngeal fold) 4 growth disturbances (anomalies) 166 – orbital fissure 4 fractures 202 – turbinate 4 – fluid-air level 217 H – frontal sinus 217 inflammatory arthritis – nasal septum 217 – without known generalized – of maxillary wall 225 hair follicles 321 joint disease 161 frontal hamartoma 71 inflammatory –bone1,4 hamulus of medial pterygoid plate 4 – dental conditions 285 – fibrous dysplasia 291 hard palate 1, 4, 320 – diseases 267 – process of maxilla 4 hard tissue-producing tumors, – joint fluid 365 – sinus 4 exostoses, and malformations 68 – or tumor-like conditions 168 – sinus mucocele 280, 281 headache 367 – pannus 161 – ethmoid osteoma 288 hemangioma 354, 380, 381, 409, influenza 267 frontozygomatic suture 1 424,425 infraorbital fungal sinusitis 270 hematopoietic stem cells 412 – canal 4 fused coronal sutures 255 hemi-tongue 314 – foramen 1, 290 hemifacial infratemporal fossa 4, 249, 428 – hypertrophy 232 intermediate (central) thin zone 16 G – microsomia 246, 247, 249 internal hemoptysis 329 – carotid artery 4 genial process of mandible 4 hemorrhage intracranially 214 – derangement 415 genioglossus muscle 4, 323, 358 hemorrhagic bone cyst 72 – derangements 143 geniohyoid muscle 4 hemorrhagic cyst 72 – jugular vein 4 giant aneurysm 396 high-flow lesions 317 – maxillary 426 giant cell granuloma 62, 76, 233 hilum of submandibular gland 342 – maxillary artery 426, 427 – bilateral, mandible 79 histiocytic proliferation 394 interventional – mandible 77 hoarseness 380, 397 – maxillofacial radiology 415 – maxilla 78 Hodgkin’s lymphoma 98, 333 – radiology 415 Subject Index 435 intracranial lateral M – abscess 310 – cephalograms 361 – empyema from sinusitis 305 – disc displacement 146 macrocephaly 257 intradural extramedullary 373 – periodontal cyst 28 major zygomatic muscle 4 intramedullary 371 – periodontal cyst, maxilla 28 malignancy of oral cavity 87 intraorbital optic nerve 410 –pterygoid malignant tumor 293, 356 intraosseous pseudocyst 72 – – muscle 4 – in oral cavity 328 inverted papilloma 287 ––plate4 – mandible 174 involucrum 119 – pterygoid muscle atrophy – in the jaws 87 isolated with fatty replacement 313 mandible 1, 4, 236, 259, 263, 264, 326, – disturbances 227 – pterygoid muscle raphe 16 349 – maxillary sinus wall fracture 218 – pterygoid muscles 332 mandibular – recess of sphenoid sinus 4 – alveolar bone 4 – venous sinus thrombosis 392 – angle fractures 202 J leakage of CSF 303 – asymmetric growth 236 LeFort 1 – asymmetry 263 jaw cysts 21 – fracture 220 – bilateral neck 213 jaw infections 119 – osteotomies 219 – bilateral neck fracture 208 jaw osteosarcoma 108 – osteotomy 249 – – greenstick 212 joint space reduction 149 LeFort 2 fracture 220 – canal 4 juvenile LeFort 3 221 – condyle 4 – (active/aggressive) LeFort Fractures – foramen 4 ossifying fibroma 62 – LeFort 1 219 –notch4 – aggressive osteoblastoma 60 – LeFort 2 219 – overgrowth 166 – angiofibroma 428 – LeFort 3 219 – ramus 4 – angiofibroma embolization 427, left cribriform plate 303 – undergrowth 166 428 lesions 317 mandibular body 213 – idiopathic (rheumatoid/chronic) – High-flow – fracture 202, 208 arthritis 239 – – arteriovenous malformations – fracture, comminuted 209 – idiopathic arthritis 162, 163, 239, or fistulae 317 – fractures 202, 221 240 – Slow-flow – neck fracture 205 – – capillary 317 mandibular condyle 246 – – lymphatic 317 – (head) 16 K – – mixed malformations 317 – articulating surface 16 ––venous317 – fracture 202, 206 keratin 39 lesser palatine canal 4 – fracture, comminuted 210 keratoconjunctivitis sicca 345 lethargy 369 – fracture, unilateral 204 keratocystic leukemia 106 – marrow 16 – odontogenic tumor 39, 302 – mandible and maxilla 107 mandibular coronoid – – mandible 40, 41, 43, 44, 45, 46 leukoplakia 88 process 213 – – maxilla 40, 42 levator labii superioris muscle 4 mandibular cyst 349 – – maxilla and mandible 46 ligaments 365 mandibular fractures 202, 214 lingual – combined with other – muscles 314 fractures 211 L –septum4 mandibular hypoplasia 249, 250 – thyroid 324 mandibular intracapsular condyle lacrimal – thyroid gland 324, 325 fractures 203 –bone4 lipoma 326, 382 mandibular midline cleft 228 – sac fossa 4 – with cord compression 372 mandibular neck lambdoid – of lower gingivobuccal – condyle fracture 202 – craniosynostosis 244 sulcus 326 – fracture 206, 211 – suture 1, 244 longus colli muscle 4 – – unilateral 204 – sutures 259 low-grade fever 366 – – bilateral 207 lamina lower head of lateral pterygoid – maxillary sinus wall 212 – papyracea 303 muscle 16 – TMJ fracture 236 – – of ethmoid 4 lumbar lordosis 256 mandibular nerve 332 Langerhans cell lymph node 333 mandibular tooth –granulomatosis 79 – metastasis 330 –crown pulp4 – histiocytosis 79, 394, 407 lymphadenopathy 345, 348, 376, 377, –root4 – histiocytosis of orbit 407 388, 389 – root canal 4 large soft palate mass 333 lymphoblastic leukemia 412 – tooth 1, central incisor 4 larynx carcinoma 314 lymphoma 296, 333, 358, 388 – tooth 2, lateral incisor 4 436 Subject Index

– tooth 3, canine 4 medial disc displacement 146 myelomatosis 104 – tooth 4, first premolar 4 medial pterygoid myelopathy 365 – tooth 5, second premolar 4 – muscle 4 mylohyoid – tooth 6, first molar 4 – plate 1, 4 – dehiscence 314 – tooth 7, second molar 4 medial wall of maxillary sinus 4 – herniation of sublingual gland 314 – tooth 8, third molar 4 medulla 371 – line (ridge) 4 mandibular underdevelopment 238 meningioma 373, 410 – muscle 4, 328, 358 mandibulofacial dysostosis 250 meningitis 390 myositis ossificans 315 Marfan syndrome 358 meningothelial cells 373 marrow of mandible 349 mental foramen 1, 4 masseter metacarpal bone 245 N – muscle 4, 249 metastases 174 – muscles 312 metastasis from lung cancer 174 nasal masseteric hypertrophy 311 metastatic disease 333, 401 – ala 4 masticator 139 metopic suture 1, 243 – aperture fracture 217 – space 310, 425 microcatheter 426, 428 nasal bone 1, 4, 258 mastoid – in the angiofibroma 427 – deformed (saddle nose) 256 – infection 394 micrognathia 239, 264 – fracture 217, 225 –process4 – bilateral split zygomatic arch 262 nasal cavity 228, 229, 268, 278 mastoiditis – bird face 250 –airway4 – with intracranial abscess 390 – with open bite 251 nasal fractures 202, 217 – with intracranial abscess 391 micrognathic growth 236, 313 nasal obstruction 230, 427 – with sigmoid thrombosis 392 middle ear infection 394 nasal polyp 276 maxilla 1, 4, 268 middle nasal polyposis 276, 277 – multiple exostoses 69 – meatus 4 nasal pyramid fracture 217 maxillary – suture of hard palate 4 nasal septum 5, 228, 284 – alveolar bone 4 – turbinate 4 nasal vestibule 5 – alveolar process fractures 211 midfacial nasofrontal suture 1, 5 – sinus 4 – fractures 218 nasolabial cyst 292 – asymmetry 263 – hypoplasia 254, 255, 258 nasolacrimal – Ewing sarcoma 299 – underdevelopment 256 – canal 5, 404 – follicular (dentigerous) cyst 301, minimally invasive – duct 404 302 – surgery 415 nasomaxillary suture 1 – fractures 214 – surgical 417 nasopalatine duct cyst 29 – hypoplasia 252 minor salivary glands 350 nasopharyngeal – osteosarcoma 297 miscellaneous conditions 262, 303 – cancer 393 – plasmablastic lymphoma 296 mononucleosis 388 – carcinoma 389 – retrognathia 256 monostotic 395, 406 – mass 278 – sinus 229, 278 moth-eaten bone destruction 116 nasopharynx 5, 278 – – mucocele 283 MR sialography 336, 345 – space 427 – – squamous cell carcinoma 310 MRI and autopsy midcondyle anatomy neck 322, 361, 376 – – wall 213 of normal temporomandibular joint – hemangioma 380 – – wall fracture 213, 218 17 – lipoma 382 – sinusitis due to displaced root 286 mucocele 279, 349 – pain 367 maxillary tooth mucocele cyst 279 – plexiform neurofibroma 383 ––root4 mucoepidermoid carcinoma 91, 356 nerve sheath 374 – – root canal 4 – mandible 93 neural crest paraganglion 397 – – 1, central incisor 4 mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue neural foramina 374 – – 2, lateral incisor 4 (MALT) 358 neural tube 405 – – 3, canine 4 mucosal imaging findings in asympto- neurinoma 327 – – 4, first premolar 4 matic individuals 274 neurocutaneous syndrome 374 – – 5, second premolar 4 mucosal maxillary thickening 273 neurofibroma 370, 374, 408 – – 6, first molar 4 mucous retention cyst 274, 349 neurofibromatosis 327, 373, 374, – – 7, second molar 4 mucus or residual stone 421 408 – – 8, third molar 4 multinodular goiter 379 – type 1 (NF-1) 374, 383, 408 ––crown pulp4 multiple – type 2 (NF-2) 373 ––tuberosity4 – calcifications 323 neurolemmoma 327 maxillofacial – exostoses in maxilla 70 neuroma 327 imaging anatomy 1 – myeloma 104 nevoid basal cell carcinoma soft tissues 309 – sclerosis 330, 347 syndrome 39 McCune-Albright syndrome 81, 395, muscular hypertrophy, atrophy nodose ganglia of vagus nerve 397 406 and dehiscence 311 non-fracture trauma 199 Meckel’s cave 400 myeloma 104 – to mandible 200, 201 Subject Index 437 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 98, 333, 345 oral cavity 326, 333 – with normal cortical bone 155 – maxilla 99, 101 oral leukoplakia 90 – with osteoarthritis 156 non-synostotic occipital plagio- oral schwannoma 327 – with osteoarthritis cephaly 244 orbicularis oris muscle 5 and joint effusion 155 noninfectious destructive orbit 5, 361, 402 osteophytosis 149 sinonasal disease (Wegener’s orbital abscess 402, 403 osteoradionecrosis 175, 393 granulomatosis) 284 orbital cellulitis 402 – acute/chronic 134 nonneoplastic conditions 335 orbital infectious disease 402 – nonsuppurative/suppurative 134 Noonan syndrome 76 orbital meningioma 410 – mandible 135 normal 3D cone beam CT anatomy of orbital rhabdomyosarcoma 411 – mandible and maxilla 136 the facial skeleton 5 oroantral fistula 286 osteosarcoma 108, 297 normal axial CT orocutaneous fistula 393 – mandible 108, 109, 113, 174 – bone anatomy oropharyngeal – maxilla 109, 111 of the lower face 9 – carcinoma 328 osteosclerosis – soft-tissue anatomy – non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 333 – idiopathic 133 of the lower face 13 oropharynx 5, 314 – idiopathic, mandible 133 normal axial T1- and T2-weighted MRI – carcinoma 328 ostiomeatal complex 277, 287 anatomy of the lower face 14 ossification 363 oval foramen 310, 332 normal bone marrow from mandibular – of longus colli ligament 363, 364 oxycephaly 252 condyle 19 – of posterior longitudinal – turricephaly 243 normal cone beam CT bone anatomy Ligament 363 of the maxilla and mandible 11 – of stylohyoid ligament 315 normal coronal CT ossifying fibroma 62 P – bone anatomy of the face 7 – maxilla 67 – soft-tissue anatomy of the face 12 – mandible 63, 65 palatal recess of maxillary sinus 5 normal coronal T1-weighted post-Gd – with aneurysmal bone cyst 66 palatine tonsil 5 MRI anatomy of the face 13 osteoarthritis 149, 156 pannus 365 normal sialogram 344 – and anterolateral disc – fibrous 158 normal thyroid gland 325 displacement 150 – inflammatory 161 nose bleed embolization 426 – and posterior disc – vascular 158 nose bleeds 426 displacement 150 panoramic notochordal 368 osteoarthritis – alveolar process – developed 152 reconstructions 190 – progression 153 – DentaScan reconstructions 192 O osteoarthrosis 149 – images 361 osteoblastoma 60 pansinusitis 269 occipital bone 1 – mandible 61, 62 papillary 398 occipital plagiocephaly 244 osteocartilaginous exostosis 172 paradental (mandibular infected odontogenic epithelial residues 21 osteochondritis dissecans 151 buccal) cyst 26 odontogenic fibromyxoma 58 osteochondroma 172 paradental cyst, mandible 26, 27 odontogenic keratocyst 39 osteogenic sarcoma 108 paranasal odontogenic myxoma osteoid osteoma 60 – nose 315 – mandible 59 osteoma 69, 173 – sinuses 315 – myxofibroma 58 – frontal/ethmoid 288 paranasal sinuses 402, 214, 259, 267, odontoid 71 – mandible 68 285 odontoma – sphenoid/ethmoid 289 parapharyngeal – complex type 71 osteomyelitis 124, 238, 284 – fat 397 – maxilla 71 – destructive (suppurative) 119 – mass 333 odynophagia 376, 377 – diffuse sclerosing 119 – space 5, 427 olfactory recess 5 – exacerbation 125 – spaces 139 onion skin appearance 119 – mental nerve paresthesia 125 paraspinal phlegmon 366 open anterior – perimandibular swelling 127 paresthesia in lower lip 119 – bite 263 – rarefying 119 parietal – fontanelle 255, 257, 259 – sequestration 125 –bone1 open bite 215 – with periostitis 119, 126 – prominence 257 ophthalmic artery 427 – with bilateral periostitis, parotid optic nerve mandible 130 – abscess 336 – decompression 406 – with periostitis, mandible 127, 128, – acinic cell carcinoma 357 – optic nerve glioma 408 129, 130, 131, 132 – duct stone 342 oral and parapharyngeal – mandible 120, 121, 123, 125 – gland 335, 345, 346, 347, 350, 354, 357 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma 333 osteonecrosis 154 ––accessory5 oral cancer 342 – complete loss of hematopoietic – – deep lobe 5 oral carcinoma 328 marrow 154 – – superficial lobe 5 438 Subject Index

– high-grade mucoepidermoid post endoscopic surgery 270 rests of malassez 21 cell carcinoma 356 posterior retention 279 – infantile hemangioma 354, 355 – band of articular disc 16 – cyst 295 – pleomorphic adenoma 351 – belly of digastric muscle 5 – – in maxillary sinus 275 – – deep lobe 353 – disc attachment 16 – – mucous and serous 274 – – superficial lobe 352 – disc displacement 147 retinal arteries 426 – sialogram 344 – longitudinal ligament 363 retrodental pannus 365 – sialography 420, 421 – osteophytes 363 retrognathia, slight micrognathia – – sialodochitis 419 posterolateral fontanelle 1 and facial asymmetry 240 – tumors 354 postradiation treatment 393 retromandibular vein 5 parotitis 342 premature retromolar trigone 5 partial anterior disc displacement 144 – closure 244 retropharyngeal particles or spheres 426 – cranial synostoses 243 – abscess or phlegmon 362 patchy focus of serum proteins 154 – unilateral synostosis 243 – tendinitis 316 pathologic fracture 134, 393 preseptal retruded mandible 250 pauciarticular 239 – abscess 402 rhabdomyoblastoma 411 peg-like tonsils 367 – cellulitis 402 rhabdomyosarcoma 384, 411 percutaneous injection prevertebral calcification 316 rheumatoid arthritis 157, 158, 160, of hemangioma 425 primary intraosseous carcinoma 87 162, 345, 365 periapical cyst 21 primitive muscle cell 411 rheumatoid pannus at craniocervical – mandible 22 primordial cyst 39 junction 365 – maxilla 22, 23, 24, 25 process areas rhinorrhea 303 periapical granuloma 119 – coronoid 202 ring-enhancing lesion 376 periapical radiolucency – symphyseal 202 with sclerotic border 28 progressive bone destruction 366 perineural proliferative periostitis 126 S – cells 374 proptosis 410 – fibroblastoma 327 pseudogout 168 sacrum 368 – invasion 94 psoriatic arthropathy 159 saddle nose 256, 257, 258, 284 – or perivascular spread 94 pterygoid sagittal suture 1, 243, 259 – spread 94 – fossa 5 sagittal synostosis (scaphocephaly) 243 – tumor extension 332 – process of sphenoid 5 salivary periodontal disease 119, 184 pterygomandibular space 5 – duct 315 periosteal pterygopalatine fossa 5 ––system335 – onion skin reaction 116 pus collection 377 – gland 315, 335, 339, 418 – chondrogenesis 256 pyknodysostosis 259 sarcomatous transformation 383 periostitis ossificans 126 scaphocephaly 243 perpendicular plate of ethmoid bone 5 schematic drawing, phalanges 259 R floor of mouth 11 pharynx cavity 333 schwann cell 327, 374, 383 pharynx rhabdomyosarcoma 384 radiation – arising from trigeminal nerve 400 phlebolith 319 – injury 393 schwannoma 327, 370, 373 phlegmon 137 – therapy 393 – of tongue 327 pigmented villonodular radicular cyst 21 – trigeminal 400 synovitis 169 radiculopathy 363 sclerosing osteitis 119 piriform sinus 386 radioactive iodine 379 sclerosis 149 pituitary radiolucent stone 344 sebaceous glands 321 – adenoma (prolactinoma) 306 ranula 349, 379 second branchial cleft cyst 321, 322 – pituitary macroadenoma 399 Rathke’s pouch 398 secondary osteoarthritis 160, 240 plagiocephaly 243, 244, 246 reactive adenoid 348 sellar mass 398 plasmacytoma 104 recurrent septic arthritis 238 – maxilla 105 – laryngeal nerve 380 sequestrum 119, 121 platysma 328, 335, 340 – sialoadenitis 339 serous retention cyst 274 – muscle 5 reduced salivary flow 344 severe pleomorphic adenoma reducing disc displacement – atrophy 249 (benign mixed tumor) 350 progressing to non-reducing – micrognathia 250 plexiform neurofibroma 408 disc displacement 148 sexual precocity 395 plexiform neurofibromatosis 383 regional lymphadenopathy 335 shallow orbits 252, 253 pneumococcus 377 remodeling 162 sialectasias 344 polyarticular disease 239 removal of stones 418 sialo-odontogenic cyst 36 polyostotic 395, 406 residual cyst 25 sialoadenitis 335, 344, 345, 346, 419 polyps 276 – mandible 25 sialodochitis 335, 344, 345, 346 pons 371 restricted condylar translation 162 sialography 415, 418 Subject Index 439 sialolithiasis 335, 339 stenosis of Stensen’s duct 344 syndactyly 254, 255 – and reduced salivary flow 343 Stensen’s duct 5, 337, 338, 342, 419, 421 syndesmophytes 363 sialoliths 339 – blockage 420 syndromes 241 sigmoid sinus 392 sternocleidomastoid muscle 5, 321, syndromic – thrombosis 390 322, 382 – craniosynostoses 243 simple bone cyst 72 stone 339, 341, 343, 418 – – craniofacial dysostoses 252 – mandible 73, 75 stranding (lymphedema) 376 synovial single contrast arthrography 415 stricture 344, 419, 420 – chondromatosis 170, 171, 172 sinus strictures 418 – membrane 157 – lift 194 stridor 376, 384 – proliferation 418 – ostium 279 stuck disc 148 – – villous formation 157 – thrombosis 390 styloid process 5 synovitis 417 sinuses subacute neck pain 361 syringo- or hydromyelia 367 – ethmoid 268 subligamentous 366 syringomyelia 367 – maxillary 268 sublingual 379 syrinx 367, 370 sinusitis 277 – (simple) ranula 349 systemic disease 239 Sjögren syndrome 346 – gland 5, 335 – advanced stage 347 – gland adenocarcinoma 358 – primary 345 – gland herniation 314 T skin pigmentation 395 – space 5, 321 skull base 361, 390, 393, 396, 399 – swelling 323 Tc-99m pertechnetate 379 slow-flow lesions 317 – tumors 350 temporal squama 1 small submandibular 139, 379 temporalis – mandible 245 – duct 339, 343 – hypertrophy and masseteric – stones 339 – duct stone 341 hypertrophy 312 soap-bubble appearance 84 – gland 5, 321, 322, 335, 338, 339, 340, – muscle 5, 249 soft palate 5 341, 345, 350, 358 – muscles 312 – complex 328 – – multilocular abscess due temporomandibular solitary bone cyst 72 to stone in Wharton’s duct 339 – disorders 143 sphenoid – – non-Hodgkin’s – joint (TMJ) 16, 143, 311 –bone5 B-cell lymphoma 358 – – arthrography 415 – ethmoid osteoma 289 – – stone 342 temporomandibular joint – meningioma 173 – lymphadenopathy 340 – ankylosis 216 – sinus 5, 428 – parenchyma 343 – arthrography 415 – – mucocele 282, 283 – region 358 – arthroscopy 417 ––septum5 – salivary gland 338 – – rheumatoid arthritis 418 –sphenoid – sialoadenitis 341 – arthrotomography 416 sphenomaxillary artery 427 – sialoadenitis with cellulitis due to – infection complication 236 sphenozygomatic suture 5 Wharton’s duct stone 340 – internal derangement spinal – sialogram 343 complication 239 – arachnoid membranes 373 – sialography, sialoadenitis 419 tendinitis 315 – axis 373 – space 5, 321, 322, 330, 349 tendon of longus colli muscle 316 – cord 373 – swelling 341 tendons 315 – – compression 372 – tumor 322 teratoma 370 squamosal suture 1, 259 submental 139, 379 thickening of platysma 376 squamous cell carcinoma 87, 293, 332 –space5 thoracic spine 373 – of cheek 331 subperiosteal abscess 390, 402 thrombophlebitis 392 –ofleft sunburst thrombosis 392 – – maxillary sinus 294 – appearance 108, 114 thyroglossal duct – – palatine tonsil 330 – periosteal bone reaction 424 – cyst 321, 322, 379 – of tongue 328 superficial lobe 351 – tract 324 – of tonsil 330 superior thyroid – mandible 88, 89, 90 – joint space 16 – abscess 377 – maxilla 88 – turbinate 5 – cancer 335 squamous cell malignant supernumerary tooth (mesiodens) 184 – gland 377 neoplasm 385, 386 suprahyoid recurrence 314 – mass 325 squamous cell type 328 suprasellar tongue 315, 323, 324, 325, 327, 328 squamous metaplasia 350 – location 398 – base 324, 325 staphylococcus aureus 335, 377 – mass 398 – – carcinoma 385 stem cell non-Hodgkin’s symmetric cleft 229 – cancer 328 lymphoma 387 symphyseal – oral 5 stenosis and dilatation – fracture 202 tonsil region 315 of Stensen’s duct 337 – process area 202 tonsils 315, 348, 367 440 Subject Index

tooth tumors and tumor-like conditions 287 viral infection 335 – anatomy 179 Turner syndrome 245 viral rhinosinusitis 267 – – lateral incisor 182 visual loss 410 – – mandibular wisdom 180, 181 vocal cord paralysis 380 – pathology 179 U vomer 5 – resorption (lateral incisor) 183 von Recklinghausen’s disease 383 Tornwaldt’s cyst 378 underdeveloped mandible 246, 251 torus unicameral bone cyst 72 – mandibularis 69, 231 upper head of lateral pterygoid muscle W – maxillaris 231 16 – palatinus 69, 70, 231 upper neck 321 Wegener’s Granulomatosis 284 –tubarius5 uvula 5 Wharton’s duct 338, 339, 340, 341, 343, total joint prosthesis (Lorenz) 165 349, 419 tram-tracking 410 – sialogram 343 traumatic bone cyst 72, 169 V without reduction 416 Treacher Collins syndrome 250, 251 – mandibulofacial dysostosis 250 vagal neuropathy 397 trigeminal schwannoma 400 vallecula 329 X trigonocephaly 243 vascular trimalar fracture 222 – fibula graft 93 xerostomia 260, 345 tripod fracture 222, 223 – malformations 317 trismus 119, 134 vasomotor rhinitis 270 true craniosynostosis 244 venous Z tuberculosis at craniocervical – infarct 390 junction 366 – malformation of cheek 319 zygoma 1, 5 tuberculum bacilli 366 – – and hard palate 320 zygomatic tumors 350 vertebrae 366 –arch1,5 – bone-destructive 108 vertigo 367 ––absent251 – bone-productive 108 vessels 315 – – fractures 212, 213 – benign 170, 326, 350 vestibular dysplasia 255 – bone 263 – benign mixed 350 vidian canal 427 – fracture 222