Volcano Instability: a Review of Contemporary Themes
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ASAR Interferometry at Piton De La Fournaise, Preliminary Results
ASAR Interferometry at Piton de la Fournaise, preliminary results FROGER Jean-Luc1, FUKUSHIMA Yo2, BRIOLE Pierre3, STAUDACHER Thomas4, SOURIOT Thierry2, VILLENEUVE Nicolas5, CHEMINEE Jean-Louis3 1 : Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD) UR31 "Processus et Aléas Volcaniques", LMV, UBP - UMR 6524. 5, rue Kessler, 63 038 Clermont-Ferrand, FRANCE 2 : Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal - UMR 6524. 5, rue Kessler, 63 038 Clermont- Ferrand, FRANCE 3: CNRS-UMR 7580, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 4 Place Jussieu, Paris 75005, FRANCE 4: Observatoire Volcanologique du Piton de la Fournaise, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, 14 RN3, le 27ème, 97418 La Plaine des Cafres, LA REUNION 5: Université de la Réunion, 15, avenue René Cassin, BP 7151 97715 Saint-Denis, messag cedex 9, LA REUNION Since the detection of surface deformation at Mount Etna, several geodetic studies have been performed on volcanoes with radar interferometric data acquired by the European ERS-1 and ERS-2 satellites, the Japanese JERS-1 satellite and the Canadian RADARSAT-1 satellite. Here we present the preliminary results of an interferometric study of Piton de la Fournaise volcano, Réunion Island, with Synthetic Aperture Radar images acquired by the ASAR- ENVISAT satellite. Launched in March 2002 by the European Space Agency, ENVISAT is an Earth observation dedicated satellite and its payload consists of a set of instruments for measuring the atmosphere and the surface through the atmosphere. One of these instruments is the ASAR radar designed to provide for continuity of the observations started with the SAR on board of the ERS satellites. -
Review of Local and Global Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions and Disaster Management Practices: the Indonesian Example
geosciences Review Review of Local and Global Impacts of Volcanic Eruptions and Disaster Management Practices: The Indonesian Example Mukhamad N. Malawani 1,2, Franck Lavigne 1,3,* , Christopher Gomez 2,4 , Bachtiar W. Mutaqin 2 and Danang S. Hadmoko 2 1 Laboratoire de Géographie Physique, Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne, UMR 8591, 92195 Meudon, France; [email protected] 2 Disaster and Risk Management Research Group, Faculty of Geography, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia; [email protected] (C.G.); [email protected] (B.W.M.); [email protected] (D.S.H.) 3 Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France 4 Laboratory of Sediment Hazards and Disaster Risk, Kobe University, Kobe City 658-0022, Japan * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This paper discusses the relations between the impacts of volcanic eruptions at multiple- scales and the related-issues of disaster-risk reduction (DRR). The review is structured around local and global impacts of volcanic eruptions, which have not been widely discussed in the literature, in terms of DRR issues. We classify the impacts at local scale on four different geographical features: impacts on the drainage system, on the structural morphology, on the water bodies, and the impact Citation: Malawani, M.N.; on societies and the environment. It has been demonstrated that information on local impacts can Lavigne, F.; Gomez, C.; be integrated into four phases of the DRR, i.e., monitoring, mapping, emergency, and recovery. In Mutaqin, B.W.; Hadmoko, D.S. contrast, information on the global impacts (e.g., global disruption on climate and air traffic) only fits Review of Local and Global Impacts the first DRR phase. -
Magma Fragmentation and Particle Size Distributions in Low Intensity Mafc Explosions: the July/August 2015 Piton De La Fournaise Eruption Matthew J
www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Magma fragmentation and particle size distributions in low intensity mafc explosions: the July/August 2015 Piton de la Fournaise eruption Matthew J. Edwards1*, Laura Pioli2*, Andrew J. L. Harris3, Lucia Gurioli3 & Simon Thivet3 Understanding magma fragmentation mechanisms in explosive eruptions is a key requirement for volcanic hazard assessment, eruption management and risk mitigation. This paper focuses on a type case small explosivity eruption (July–August 2015 eruption of Piton de la Fournaise). These eruptions, despite being often overlooked, are exceedingly frequent on local-to-global scales and constitute a signifcant hazard in vent-proximal areas, which are often populated by guides, tourists and, indeed, volcanologists due to their accessibility. The explosions presented here are ideal cases for the study of the dynamics of magma fragmentation and how it relates to the size distribution of scoria generated at the vent. We documented these events visually and thermally, and characterised the products through sample-return. This allowed us to describe small-scale gas bursts sending ejecta up to 30 m during intermittent lava fountains. Surface tension instabilities and inertial forces played a major role in fragmentation processes and generated particles with coarse-skewed distributions and median diameters ranging from − 8 to − 10 . However, with time distributions of particles in the most energetic fountains shifted towards more symmetricalϕ shapes as median grains sizes became fner. Analyses of sequences of images demonstrate that the evolution of particle size distributions with time is due to instability of magma droplets and (in-fight) fragmentation. Mafc explosive volcanism is traditionally overlooked with respect to more energetic, higher intensity and destructive silicic volcanism. -
Seismic and Acoustic Signatures of Surficial Mass Movements at Volcanoes
UC Santa Barbara UC Santa Barbara Previously Published Works Title Seismic and acoustic signatures of surficial mass movements at volcanoes Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/2gd0d3wk Journal J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 364 Authors Allstadt, K. E. Matoza, Robin Samuel Lockhart, A. B. et al. Publication Date 2018 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT Seismic and Acoustic Signatures of Surficial Mass Movements at Volcanoes Kate E. Allstadt1, Robin S. Matoza2, Andrew Lockhart3, Seth C. Moran3, Jacqueline Caplan- Auerbach4, Matthew Haney5, Weston A. Thelen3, Stephen D. Malone6 1) U.S. Geological Survey Geologic Hazards Science Center, Golden, CO 2) Department of Earth Science and Earth Research Institute, University of California, Santa Barbara, CA 3) U.S. Geological Survey Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA 4) Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA 5) U.S. Geological Survey Alaska Volcano Observatory, Anchorage, AK 6) University of Washington, Seattle, WA Abstract Surficial mass movements, such as debris avalanches, rock falls, lahars, pyroclastic flows, and outburst floods, are a dominant hazard at many volcanoes worldwide. Understanding these processes, cataloging their spatio-temporal occurrence, and detecting, tracking, and characterizing these events would advance the science of volcano monitoring and help mitigate hazards. Seismic and acoustic methods show promise for achieving these objectives: many surficial mass movements generate observable seismic and acoustic signals, and many volcanoes are already monitored. Significant progress has been made toward understanding, modeling, and extracting quantitative information from seismic and infrasonic signals generated by surficial mass movements. However, much work remains. In this paper, we review the state of the art of the topic, covering a range of scales and event types from individual rock falls to sector collapses. -
Pitons, Cirques and Remparts of Reunion Island
EUROPE / NORTH AMERICA PITONS, CIRQUES AND REMPARTS OF REUNION ISLAND FRANCE WORLD HERITAGE NOMINATION - IUCN TECHNICAL EVALUATION PITONS, CIRQUES AND REMPARTS OF REUNION ISLAND (FRANCE) - ID Nº 1317 Background note: This nomination was submitted in 2008 for consideration by the World Heritage Committee at its 33rd Session in 2009. Accordingly, IUCN initiated the evaluation of this nomination in 2008/9 and this included the evaluation mission to La Réunion. In March 2009, the decision was taken by the government of France to postpone the assessment of the nomination by UNESCO’s World Heritage Committee until its 34th Session in 2010. This decision was required due to the fact that three nominations from France were proposed for consideration by the 33rd Session of the World Heritage Committee. The State Party of France had been requested by the UNESCO World Heritage Centre to identify two nominations in line with the limits on annual numbers of nominations set in the Operational Guidelines. As the evaluation process was already initiated by IUCN, a dialogue was maintained with the State Party to clarify a number of issues and address recommendations resulting from the evaluation mission, and discussions from the 2008 session of the IUCN/World Heritage Panel. This evaluation report is therefore based on the original nomination plus the additional information provided by the State Party. 1. DOCUMENTATION i) Date nomination received by IUCN: 31st January 2008 ii) Additional information offi cially requested from and provided by the State Party: additional information was requested by IUCN in December 2008. Additional information from the State Party was provided in February 2009 and November 2009. -
Consequences of Volcano Sector Collapse on Magmatic Storage Zones: Insights from Numerical Modeling Virginie Pinel, Fabien Albino
Consequences of volcano sector collapse on magmatic storage zones: insights from numerical modeling Virginie Pinel, Fabien Albino To cite this version: Virginie Pinel, Fabien Albino. Consequences of volcano sector collapse on magmatic storage zones: insights from numerical modeling. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, Elsevier, 2013, 252, pp.29-37. 10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2012.11.009. ird-00782222 HAL Id: ird-00782222 https://hal.ird.fr/ird-00782222 Submitted on 29 Jan 2013 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. *Manuscript Click here to view linked References Consequences of volcano sector collapse on magmatic storage zones: insights from numerical modeling V. Pinela, F. Albinob aISTerre, Universit´ede Savoie, IRD, CNRS, F73376 Le Bourget du Lac, France bNordic Volcanological Center, Institute of Earth Sciences, University of Iceland, 101 Reykjavik, Iceland Abstract Major volcano flank collapses strongly affect the underlying magmatic plumb- ing system. Here, we consider the magma storage zone as a liquid pocket embedded in an elastic medium, and we perform numerical simulations in two-dimensional axisymmetric geometry as well as in three dimensions in order to evaluate the consequences of a major collapse event. -
The Effect of Giant Lateral Collapses on Magma Pathways and the Location of Volcanism
Originally published as: Maccaferri, F., Richter, N., Walter, T. R. (2017): The effect of giant lateral collapses on magma pathways and the location of volcanism. ‐ Nature Communications, 8. DOI: http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467‐017‐01256‐2 ARTICLE DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01256-2 OPEN The effect of giant lateral collapses on magma pathways and the location of volcanism Francesco Maccaferri1, Nicole Richter1 & Thomas R. Walter1 Flank instability and lateral collapse are recurrent processes during the structural evolution of volcanic edifices, and they affect and are affected by magmatic activity. It is known that dyke intrusions have the potential to destabilise the flanks of a volcano, and that lateral collapses may change the style of volcanism and the arrangement of shallow dykes. However, the effect of a large lateral collapse on the location of a new eruptive centre remains unclear. Here, we use a numerical approach to simulate the pathways of magmatic intrusions underneath the volcanic edifice, after the stress redistribution resulting from a large lateral collapse. Our simulations are quantitatively validated against the observations at Fogo vol- cano, Cabo Verde. The results reveal that a lateral collapse can trigger a significant deflection of deep magma pathways in the crust, favouring the formation of a new eruptive centre within the collapse embayment. Our results have implications for the long-term evolution of intraplate volcanic ocean islands. 1 German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, 14473, Germany. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to F.M. (email: [email protected]) NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | 8: 1097 | DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01256-2 | www.nature.com/naturecommunications 1 ARTICLE NATURE COMMUNICATIONS | DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01256-2 specially tall and active volcanoes are prone to flank observed at numerous volcanic ocean islands15,29,34,35, including – Einstability which may lead to failure and sector collapse1 3. -
Triggering of Major Eruptions Recorded by Actively Forming Cumulates SUBJECT AREAS: Michael J
Triggering of major eruptions recorded by actively forming cumulates SUBJECT AREAS: Michael J. Stock*, Rex N. Taylor & Thomas M. Gernon GEOCHEMISTRY PETROLOGY National Oceanography Centre, Southampton, University of Southampton, Southampton SO14 3ZH, U.K. SOLID EARTH SCIENCES VOLCANOLOGY Major overturn within a magma chamber can bring together felsic and mafic magmas, prompting de-volatilisation and acting as the driver for Plinian eruptions. Until now identification of mixing has been Received limited to analysis of lavas or individual crystals ejected during eruptions. We have recovered partially 15 August 2012 developed cumulate material (‘live’ cumulate mush) from pyroclastic deposits of major eruptions on Tenerife. These samples represent ‘‘frozen’’ clumps of diverse crystalline deposits from all levels in the Accepted developing reservoir, which are permeated with the final magma immediately before eruptions. Such events 17 September 2012 therefore record the complete disintegration of the magma chamber, leading to caldera collapse. Chemical variation across developing cumulus crystals records changes in melt composition. Apart from fluctuations Published reflecting periodic influxes of mafic melt, crystal edges consistently record the presence of more felsic 12 October 2012 magmas. The prevalence of this felsic liquid implies it was able to infiltrate the entire cumulate pile immediately before each eruption. Correspondence and he Las Can˜adas volcano on Tenerife, Canary Islands, generated at least seven major explosive eruptions requests for materials during the Quaternary1–3. These events resulted in widespread deposition of pyroclastic material, with an should be addressed to estimated volume of .130 km3 (ref. 1,4). Despite considerable scientific interest in the volcano and assoc- T 5 6 R.N.T. -
Complex Structure of Piton De La Fournaise and Its Underlying
1 Complex structure of Piton de la Fournaise and its underlying 2 lithosphere revealed by MT 3D inversion. 3 4 Lydie-Sarah Gailler1, Anna Marti2, Jean-François Lénat1 5 1 Université Clermont Auvergne, Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans - CNRS, UMR 6524, IRD, R 163, 6 6 Avenue Blaise Pascal TSA 60026 – CS 60026, 63178 AUBIERE Cedex, FRANCE 7 2 Departament de Geodinàmica i Geofísica, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain 8 9 Corresponding author: [email protected] 10 Abstract 11 La Réunion is a large volcanic construction resting on Paleocene oceanic crust. Through the 12 3D inversion of a large set of magnetotelluric (MT) soundings, our results reveal the general 13 resistivity structure of the western part of Piton de la Fournaise volcano down to its base and 14 the first ten kilometers or so of the underlying lithosphere. The upper resistive layer is 15 associated to a superimposition of unsaturated and probably water-saturated lava flows with 16 an averaged thickness of 1.5 km overlying more or less continuous highly conductive patches 17 which imply the presence of highly conductive fluids and/or minerals. In the summit area and 18 Enclos, this conductor is unambiguously attributed to the presently active hydrothermal 19 system. In the Plaine des Sables, it is tentatively associated with the hydrothermal alteration 20 beneath the ancient volcanic center. A third widespread conductive patch is observed below 21 the NW flank of Piton de la Fournaise resulting more likely from volcanic activity since it 22 coincides with part of the N120 rift zone. In the area beneath the Plaine des Sables where a 23 dense intrusive complex has been inferred from gravity models, the resistivity is not 24 significantly higher. -
Dome Growth, Collapse, and Valley Fill at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contributions from Satellite Radar
Research Paper GEOSPHERE Dome growth, collapse, and valley fill at Soufrière Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contributions from satellite radar GEOSPHERE; v. 12, no. 4 measurements of topographic change doi:10.1130/GES01291.1 D.W.D. Arnold1, J. Biggs1, G. Wadge2, S.K. Ebmeier1, H.M. Odbert3,*, and M.P. Poland4 1COMET (Centre for Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics), School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK 4 figures; 5 tables; 1 supplemental file 2COMET (Centre for Observation and Modeling of Earthquakes, Volcanoes and Tectonics), Department of Meteorology, University of Reading, Earley Gate, P.O. Box 243, Reading RG6 6BB, UK 3School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Queen’s Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK 4U.S. Geological Survey, Cascade Volcano Observatory, 1300 S.E. Cardinal Court, Building 10, Suite 100, Vancouver, Washington 98683-9589, USA CORRESPONDENCE: david .arnold@ bristol .ac.uk CITATION: Arnold, D.W.D., Biggs, J., Wadge, G., ABSTRACT Fink, 1996; Fink and Griffiths, 1998; Watts et al., 2002; Hutchison et al., 2013). In Ebmeier, S.K., Odbert, H.M., and Poland, M.P., 2016, Dome growth, collapse, and valley fill at Soufrière steady state, lava effusion rate can constrain the volume and pressure change Hills Volcano, Montserrat, from 1995 to 2013: Contri- Frequent high-resolution measurements of topography at active vol- of shallow magma reservoirs (e.g., Dvorak and Dzurisin, 1993; Harris et al., butions from satellite radar measurements of topo- canoes can provide important information for assessing the distribution and 2003, 2007; Anderson and Segall, 2011), while long-lived volcanic eruptions graphic change: Geosphere, v. -
The 2007 Caldera Collapse of Piton De La Fournaise Volcano: Source Process from Very-Long-Period Seismic Signals Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera
The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera To cite this version: Zacharie Duputel, Luis Rivera. The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Elsevier, 2019, 527 (10), pp.115786. 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115786. hal-02324812 HAL Id: hal-02324812 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02324812 Submitted on 28 Aug 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License Earth and Planetary Science Letters 527 (2019) 115786 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Earth and Planetary Science Letters www.elsevier.com/locate/epsl The 2007 caldera collapse of Piton de la Fournaise volcano: Source process from very-long-period seismic signals ∗ Zacharie Duputel , Luis Rivera Institut de Physique du Globe de Strasbourg, UMR7516, Université de Strasbourg/EOST, CNRS, Strasbourg, France a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: In April 2007, Piton de la Fournaise volcano experienced its largest caldera collapse in at least 300 yr. -
First Results of the Piton De La Fournaise STRAP 2015 Experiment: Multidisciplinary Tracking of a Volcanic Gas and Aerosol Plume
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 17, 5355–5378, 2017 www.atmos-chem-phys.net/17/5355/2017/ doi:10.5194/acp-17-5355-2017 © Author(s) 2017. CC Attribution 3.0 License. First results of the Piton de la Fournaise STRAP 2015 experiment: multidisciplinary tracking of a volcanic gas and aerosol plume Pierre Tulet1, Andréa Di Muro2, Aurélie Colomb3, Cyrielle Denjean4, Valentin Duflot1, Santiago Arellano5, Brice Foucart1,3, Jérome Brioude1, Karine Sellegri3, Aline Peltier2, Alessandro Aiuppa6,7, Christelle Barthe1, Chatrapatty Bhugwant8, Soline Bielli1, Patrice Boissier2, Guillaume Boudoire2, Thierry Bourrianne4, Christophe Brunet2, Fréderic Burnet4, Jean-Pierre Cammas1,9, Franck Gabarrot9, Bo Galle5, Gaetano Giudice7, Christian Guadagno8, Fréderic Jeamblu1, Philippe Kowalski2, Jimmy Leclair de Bellevue1, Nicolas Marquestaut9, Dominique Mékies1, Jean-Marc Metzger9, Joris Pianezze1, Thierry Portafaix1, Jean Sciare10, Arnaud Tournigand8, and Nicolas Villeneuve2 1LACy, Laboratoire de l’Atmosphère et des Cyclones, UMR8105 CNRS, Université de La Réunion, Météo-France, Saint-Denis de La Réunion, France 2OVPF, Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, UMR7154, CNRS, Université Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Université Paris Diderot, Bourg-Murat, La Réunion, France 3LaMP, Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique, UMR6016, CNRS, Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, France 4CNRM, Centre National de la Recherche Météorologique, UMR3589, CNRS, Météo-France, Toulouse, France 5DESS, Department of Earth and Space Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden 6Dipartimento