Analiza Rynku Turystycznego Kambodży

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Analiza Rynku Turystycznego Kambodży Akademia Wychowania Fizycznego im. Bronisława Czecha w Krakowie Analiza Rynku Turystycznego Kambod Ŝy Anna Ziajka IV TiR Dzienne ORT 3 Nr indeksu 32741 1 Spis tre ści Spis tre ści............................................................................................................................... 2 Wst ęp..................................................................................................................................... 3 I. KAMBOD śA – PODSTAWOWE INFORMACJE .......................................................... 4 1.1 Poło Ŝenie kraju ............................................................................................................ 4 1.2 Podstawowe informacje o Kambod Ŝy......................................................................... 5 1.3 Symbole narodowe ...................................................................................................... 5 1.4 Historia ........................................................................................................................ 7 1.5 Warunki naturalne ....................................................................................................... 9 1.6 Klimat........................................................................................................................ 10 1.7 Flora i fauna............................................................................................................... 11 1.8 Ludno ść ..................................................................................................................... 12 1.9 Religia........................................................................................................................ 12 1.10 Ustrój ....................................................................................................................... 12 1.11 Gospodarka.............................................................................................................. 13 II. WARUNKI ROZWOJU TURYSTYKI ......................................................................... 14 2.1 Regiony koncentracji ruchu turystycznego i ich atrakcje turystyczne ...................... 14 2.2 Dost ępno ść komunikacyjna Kambod Ŝy .................................................................... 17 2.3 Przemieszczanie si ę po kraju..................................................................................... 19 2.4 Uwarunkowania polityczno- prawne......................................................................... 20 2.5 Bezpiecze ństwo ......................................................................................................... 21 2.6 Opieka medyczna ...................................................................................................... 21 III. RYNEK RECEPCJI TURYSTYCZNEJ....................................................................... 22 3.1. Rynek Kambod Ŝy jako cz ęść regionu w mi ędzynarodowym ruchu turystycznym. 22 3.2 Liczba przyjazdów do Kambod Ŝy............................................................................. 28 3.3 Kierunki, z których przyje ŜdŜaj ą tury ści................................................................... 31 3.4 Sezonowo ść przyjazdów do Kambod Ŝy.................................................................... 34 3.5 Cel przyjazdów i profil turystów............................................................................... 35 3.6 Odwiedzane regiony.................................................................................................. 38 3.7 Środki lokomocji. ...................................................................................................... 39 3.8 Długo ść pobytu.......................................................................................................... 40 3.9 Baza noclegowa......................................................................................................... 41 3.10 Dochody z turystyki mi ędzynarodowej................................................................... 43 3.11 Prognozy dotycz ące liczby przyjazdów do Kambod Ŝy........................................... 44 IV. RYNEK EMISJI TURYSTYCZNEJ ............................................................................ 47 4.1 Liczba wyjazdów zagranicznym ............................................................................... 47 4.2 Kierunki, w jakich wyje ŜdŜaj ą tury ści. ..................................................................... 48 4.3 Cele wyjazdów .......................................................................................................... 49 4.4 Środki lokomocji ....................................................................................................... 50 V. ZNACZENIE RYNKU TURYSTYCZNEGO KAMBOD śY DLA POLSKI............... 51 Zako ńczenie......................................................................................................................... 51 Bibliografia.......................................................................................................................... 53 Spis rycin ............................................................................................................................. 54 Spis wykresów..................................................................................................................... 55 Spis tabel ............................................................................................................................. 56 Informacja............................................................................................................................ 56 2 Wst ęp Królestwo Kambod Ŝy to azjatycki kraj zachwycaj ący pi ęknem krajobrazów i kultur ą, której pocz ątki si ęgaj ą czasów staro Ŝytnych. Obecny wizerunek pa ństwa w świecie to jednak, oprócz tak znanych symboli Imperium Khmerskiego jak świ ątynia Angor Wat, tak Ŝe cie ń niechlubnych wydarze ń z historii nowo Ŝytnej. Krwawe panowanie Czerwonych Khmerów w latach ’70 XX wieku oraz walki o niepodległo ści i niepokoje wewn ętrzne, to tak Ŝe Królestwo Kambod Ŝy. Nieskazitelna natura, interesuj ące symbole przeszło ści dalszej i bli Ŝszej, ciekawa kultura człowieka- wszystkie te elementy składają si ę na atrakcyjno ść Kambod Ŝy. Została ona zauwa Ŝona na świecie i zacz ęła przyci ąga ć do kraju turystów z całego świata, co oznacza, iŜ stworzony został w Kambod Ŝy rynek turystyczny. To szerokie poj ęcie obejmuje zarówno aktualnych lub potencjalnych nabywców produktu turystycznego, jak i wszelkie dobra i usługi turystyczne, które podlegaj ą wymianie, oraz ich wytwórców. Rynek turystyczny to tak Ŝe płaszczyzna, na której elementy rynku podlegaj ą wzajemnym interakcjom. Jest to zatem bardzo zło Ŝony system, który w Kambod Ŝy rozwija si ę od niedługiego okresu, stanowi wi ęc ciekawy przedmiot bada ń. Celem tej pracy jest zatem zbadanie rynku turystycznego Kambod Ŝy, jego elementów i ich powi ąza ń oraz wykazanie istniej ących trendów i zale Ŝno ści. W pierwszej kolejno ści zostan ą przedstawione podstawowe informacje na temat Kambod Ŝy oraz jej uwarunkowa ń do rozwoju turystyki. W dalszych rozdziałach pracy omówiony zostanie rynek recepcji i emisji turystycznej. Na koniec poddane zostanie analizie znaczenie rynku turystycznego Kambod Ŝy dla gospodarki turystycznej Polski. Opracowanie to b ędzie tworzone na podstawie danych statystycznych Ministerstwa Turystyki Kambod Ŝy i innych instytucji posiadaj ących informacj ę na omawiany temat. Źródłem b ędą tak Ŝe przewodniki oraz publikacje organizacji turystycznych. 3 I. KAMBOD śA – PODSTAWOWE INFORMACJE 1.1 Poło Ŝenie kraju Kambod Ŝa poło Ŝona jest w Azji południowo- wschodniej na Półwyspie Indochi ńskim. Graniczy z trzema krajami: na północnym- zachodzie z Tajlandi ą, na północy z Laosem i na wschodzie oraz południowym- wschodzie z Wietnamem. Ł ącznie granica l ądowa ma długo ść 2572 km. Ponadto od południowo- zachodniej strony oblewaj ą j ą wody Zatoki Tajlandzkiej. Długo ść linii brzegowej wynosi 443 km. Rycina nr 1. Poło Ŝenie Kambod Ŝy na mapie świata i Azji Źródło: www.wikipedia.pl Rycina nr 2. Kambod Ŝa i kraje s ąsiaduj ące Źródło: www.cia.gov 4 1.2 Podstawowe informacje o Kambod Ŝy Kambod Ŝą (oficjalna nazwa Królestwo Kambod Ŝy) zajmuje powierzchni ę 181 040 km² i jest zamieszkiwana jest przez około 14,5 mln Stolicą Kambod Ŝy i zarazem najwi ększym miastem w kraju jest Phnom Penh. Pozostałe wi ększe jednostki osadnicze to: Battambang, Kampong Czam, Pursat, Kompong Som i Kampot. Językiem urz ędowym w Kambod Ŝy jest j ęzyk khmerski, jednak Ŝe rozpowszechniony jest równie Ŝ język francuski (co stanowi pozostało ść po istnieniu koloni francuskiej na tym obszarze) oraz angielski. Jednostka monetarn ą u Ŝywan ą w kraju jest riel. Ró Ŝnica czasowa w stosunku do UTC wynosi +7 godzin. 1.3 Symbole narodowe Flaga Kambod Ŝy składa si ę z 3 kolorów - niebieskiego, czerwonego i białego. Kolor niebieski (2 pasy: na dole i u góry flagi) symbolizuje rodzin ę królewsk ą, czerwony - naród, a biały - religi ę (buddyzm). W centralnej cz ęś ci przedstawiona jest świ ątynia Angkor Wat. Rycina nr 3. Flaga Kambod Ŝy Źródło: www.encyklopedia.pwn.pl/haslo.php?id=4169064 5 Godło Kambod Ŝy w obecnej formie zostało przyj ęte w 1993 roku. W środkowej cz ęś ci godła przedstawiony jest miecz spoczywaj ący na dwóch ceremonialnych misach. Poni Ŝej umieszczony jest wieniec laurowy z Orderem Królewskim. Po bokach godła widniej ą dwa stworzenia zwane „gajasingha” i „singla”, które trzymaj ą w r ękach pi ęcio- poziomowe parasole. Godło zwie ńczone jest
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