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Pecatonica River Total Maximum Daily Load and Load Reduction Strategies

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Pecatonica River Total Maximum Daily Load and Load Reduction Strategies Pecatonica River Total Maximum Daily Load and Load Reduction Strategies Stage 2 Report 1021 North Grand Avenue East P.O. Box 19276 Springfield, Illinois 62794-9276 Report Prepared by: Tetra Tech 413 Wacouta Street, Suite 435 Saint Paul, MN 55101 and Tetra Tech EMI 1 South Wacker Drive Chicago, IL 60606 October 2, 2015 Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 Contents 1. Introduction .................................................................................................................................... 1 2. Data Collection and Monitoring .................................................................................................... 3 2.1 Monitoring Locations ................................................................................................................... 3 2.2 Approach ...................................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.1 Surface Water ..................................................................................................................... 6 2.2.2 Groundwater ....................................................................................................................... 7 2.3 Deviations from Monitoring Plan ................................................................................................. 7 3. Data Results ................................................................................................................................... 7 4. Ammonia Source Assessment ................................................................................................... 10 5. Conclusions and Recommendations for Stage 3 ..................................................................... 11 Appendix A. Quality Assurance Project Plan......................................................................................... 12 Appendix B. Lab Reports ......................................................................................................................... 13 -ii- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 Figures Figure 1-1. Watershed locations ................................................................................................................... 2 Figure 2-1. Winneshiek Creek sampling sites............................................................................................... 4 Figure 2-2. Spring Branch sampling sites ..................................................................................................... 5 Tables Table 2-1. Monitoring site locations ............................................................................................................. 3 Table 2-2. Monitoring sites and dates of data collection .............................................................................. 6 Table 3-1. Sample Results from Winneshiek Creek ..................................................................................... 8 Table 3-2. Sample Results from Spring Branch ........................................................................................... 8 Table 3-3. Field Measurements from Winneshiek Creek ............................................................................. 9 Table 3-4. Field Measurements from Spring Branch .................................................................................... 9 Table 3-5. Field Observations from Spring Branch .................................................................................... 10 -iii- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 1. Introduction This report documents the monitoring and assessment completed for Stage 2 of the Pecatonica River watershed total maximum daily load (TMDL) and load reduction strategies (LRS) study. The monitoring included field data collection and laboratory assessment of water quality parameters in the Winneshiek Creek watershed and Spring Branch watershed (Figure 1-1). Stage 2 monitoring, along with the existing monitoring data presented and assessed in the Stage 1 report, will support the development of TMDLs and LRSs in the Pecatonica River watershed. -1- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 Figure 1-1. Watershed locations -2- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 2. Data Collection and Monitoring 2.1 Monitoring Locations Surface samples were collected from one site in the Winneshiek Creek watershed (Figure 2-1) and three sites in the Spring Branch watershed (Figure 2-2). Monitoring was completed in accordance with the Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP) “Water Quality Sampling for Total Maximum Daily Loads for Pecatonica River Watershed, Winneshiek Creek and Spring Branch” (Appendix A). Locations of all monitoring sites were measured with a handheld GPS device with sub-meter accuracy (Table 2-1). Tetra Tech made an in-field adjustment to the location of sampling point SB-01 during the December 2014 sampling event. Upon arriving to the site, Tetra Tech determined that there were no accessible roads within approximately 1 mile of the location chosen for SB-01 in the approved QAPP. Tetra Tech’s field team consulted with project management, and selected a new location for SB-01 that was closer to an accessible road, while remaining downstream of most observable discharges to Spring Branch. The updated location of SB-01 was collected with a sub-meter accuracy handheld GPS device, which was used in subsequent sampling events to ensure consistency in sampling locations. See Figure 2-2 and Table 2-1 for a depiction of the updated location of SB-01. Table 2-1. Monitoring site locations IEPA Water Sampling Station Latitude* Longitude* Description Body Site Code Approximately 215 feet Winneshiek upstream of Fawver Road and Creek WC-01 42.306203 -89.514405 1.3 river miles upstream of PWL-01 (PWL-01) confluence with Pecatonica River Approximately 2,500 feet PWNC-01 SB-01 42.242854 -89.795896 upstream from the confluence with Yellow Creek 375 feet upstream of Spring Branch split on the southern tributary (split occurs PWNC-03 SB - 02 42.238077 - 89.828829 approximately 930 feet along the creek upstream from the Spring bridge crossing at IL-73) Branch 240 feet upstream of Spring (PWNC) Branch split on the northern tributary (split occurs PWNCA- SB-03 42.238921 -89.829000 approximately 930 feet along 01 the creek upstream from the bridge crossing at IL-73) At the edge of Spring Branch PWNC-02 SB-04 42.242022 -89.803758 on the downstream side of the Loran Road Bridge *Latitude and longitude are reported using North American Datum of 1983 (NAD83) -3- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 Figure 2-1. Winneshiek Creek sampling sites -4- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 Figure 2-2. Spring Branch sampling sites -5- Pecatonica River Stage 2 Report October 2, 2015 2.2 Approach At the sampling site on Winneshiek Creek, field measurements were made for the following water quality parameters: temperature, dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, and conductivity (Table 2-2). Flow information including depth, velocity, and stream geometry were also measured. Water samples were collected for laboratory analysis for concentrations of total phosphorus (TP) and total suspended solids (TSS). At each sampling site along Spring Branch, field measurements were made for the following water quality parameters: temperature, DO, pH, and conductivity. Flow information including depth, velocity, and stream geometry was also measured. Water samples were collected for laboratory analysis for concentrations of total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), total ammonia (T-ammonia), and total nitrite (NO2) plus nitrate (NO3). Only the sample collected at the most downstream sampling location (SB-01) was analyzed for total phosphorus. Field samples were collected in the streams between 0 and 1 foot below the water surface. Water samples were preserved with sulfuric acid when appropriate, stored on ice, and delivered to the laboratory, STAT, for filtration and analysis. Table 2-2. Monitoring sites and dates of data collection Water Body Sampling Laboratory Monitoring Matrix Field Parameters (Segment) Site Parameter Dates Temperature, DO, 12/11/2014, Winneshiek WC-01 Water pH, conductivity, TP, TSS 3/24/2015, Creek (PWL-01) flow 4/17/2015 SB-01 Temperature, pH, TKN, T-ammonia, 12/11/2014, Spring Branch SB-02 Water conductivity, DO, Total NO2 + NO3, TP 3/24/2015, (PWNC) SB-03 flow (TP at SB-01 only) 4/17/2015 DO – Dissolved oxygen T-ammonia – Total ammonia TP – Total phosphorus NO2 + NO3 – nitrite plus nitrate-nitrogen TSS – Total suspended solids TKN – Total Kjeldahl nitrogen 2.2.1 Surface Water Stream sampling procedures occurred at the center of the stream and followed SOP No. 009, Section 2.1, “Surface Water Sampling by Submerging Sample Container” (see Appendix A). Stream samples were collected from 0 and 1 foot below the water surface. A composite sample was collected of water from the left bank, right bank, and center of the stream. Stream measurement procedures were conducted in a standardized fashion. Velocity measurements were taken at multiple points along the cross-section of the stream, at a depth of 0.6 multiplied by total depth. Stream geometry measurements were collected at all significant geometric features, and were measured using the water surface as a reference elevation. The samples and measurements were collected on December 11, 2014; March 24, 2015; and April 17, 2015. In Spring Branch, channel substrate, percent cloud cover, percent shading, and coarse streamside vegetative summary were observed at the
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