DOCSLIB.ORG

Examining the Evidence for an Early Holocene Communal Bison Drive In

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

THE OWL CAVE MASS KILL: EXAMINING THE EVIDENCE FOR AN EARLY HOLOCENE COMMUNAL BISON DRIVE IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO USING GIS By Marissa Anne Guenther A Thesis Submitted to the Department of Anthropology California State University Bakersfield In Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Masters of Arts March 2014 Copyright By Marissa Anne Guenther 2014 THE OWL CAVE MASS KILL: EXAM1MNG THE EVIDENCE FOR AN EARLY HOLOCENE COMMUNAL BISON DRIVE IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO USING GIS By MARISSA ANNE GUENTHER This thesis has been accepted on behalf of the Department of Anthropology by their supervisory committee: Committee Chair Ió r. L. Suza~i H~iks~4 Brenda R. Pace In Memory of My Grandfather, Harrison CURRICULUM VITAE NAME OF AUTHOR: Marissa Anne Guenther PLACE OF BIRTH: Portland, Oregon DATE OF BIRTH: November 19, 1982 GRADUATE AND UNDERGRADUATE SCHOOLS ATTENDED: California State University, Bakersfield, California University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon DEGREES AWARDED: Master of Arts, Anthropology, March 2014, California State University, Bakersfield Bachelor of Arts, Anthropology, June 2005, University of Oregon AREAS OF SPECIAL INTEREST: Geographic Information Systems, Bison Ecology, Isotopic Analyses PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE: Archaeologist, Bureau of Land Management, June 2009 – March 2014 Archaeologist, Center for Archaeological Research, June 2007 – June 2009 Archaeological Technician, University of Oregon Museum of Natural and Cultural History, June 2005 – June 2007 GRANTS, AWARDS AND HONORS: 2009 J. P. Silver Award, Best Student Paper, Idaho Archaeological Society ($150) 2008 Student Research Scholarship, California State University, Bakersfield ($2,000) v PRESENTED PAPERS: Aslett, Jamie and Marissa A. Guenther 2013 A Testament of Man: Vardis Fisher and Historical Landscape Preservation along the South Fork of the Snake River, Idaho. Paper presented at 2013 the Idaho Heritage Conference. Symposium Paper, Boise, Idaho. Guenther, Marissa A. 2010 From Folsom to Field Camps: Understanding 11,000 years of Prehistory at Castle Rocks in southern Idaho. Paper presented at the 2010 Great Basin Anthropological Conference. Symposium Paper, Layton, Utah. 2010 The two-faced trails of southern Idaho: Legitimate Routes and Bogus Blazing. Paper presented at the 2010 Society for American Archaeology Annual Meeting. Symposium Paper, St. Louis, Missouri. 2009 Owl Cave: A Fresh Look at a Potential Bison Drive. Paper presented at the 2009 Idaho Archaeological Society Annual Meeting. Symposium Paper, Boise, Idaho. 2008 Owl Cave: A Fresh Look at a Potential Bison Drive. Paper presented at the 2008 Great Basin Anthropological Conference. Symposium Paper, Portland, Oregon. 2008 Bison Jump? A Fresh Approach to Investigations at the Wasden Site. Paper presented at the 2008 Society for American Archaeology Annual Meeting. Symposium Paper, Vancouver, B.C. Henrikson, L.S. and Marissa A. Guenther 2012 Investigating Holocene Climate Change on the Snake River Plain through Isotopic Analyses of Bison Remains from Cold Storage Caves. Paper presented at the 2012 Great Basin Anthropological Conference. Symposium Paper, Stateline, Nevada. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I wish to thank Steve Croft for granting me permission to conduct research at the Wasden Site on his private property, and to Sue Miller for her familiarity of the site which has proved useful in this study. During the course of my research, The Archaeological Conservancy purchased the site and support for this study has continued through them, specifically, Cory Wilkins and Deanna Commons. Thanks are also due to Matt DeCarlo for his constant support, humor, and passion for life during the course of our graduate studies. I can honestly say I would not have wanted to share an 80 square foot space with anybody else – he was my rock. I will never forget my fellow graduate student comrades, Amy Girado, Amanda Camp (Hill), and Norman Henrikson, for providing me with intellectual stimulation and comforting looks of “we’re all in this together” on a daily basis. To my best friend and editor, Anika Henrikson, thank you for your careful eye and constant wit. I want to thank my parents for their support throughout all endeavors in my life. I am grateful to my advisor, Dr. Robert M. Yohe, II, who guided me throughout my coursework and was a constant source of inspiration and encouragement during the direction of this study. My gratitude also extends to Brenda R. Pace for her acceptance of a huge responsibility at the last minute. Her extensive knowledge and strength in pure excellence have made the work I have put forth in this study better than I could have imagined. Lastly, I would like to express my deepest gratitude to Dr. L. Suzann Henrikson. This project would not have existed without her presence in my life, and her unyielding commitment to be my mentor. She has given me countless tools to advance in my career, as well as in my life. All of this done in a manner that exemplifies her constant passion to do what is right and make archaeology “sexy.” vii AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Marissa Anne Guenther for the degree of Master of Arts in the Department of Anthropology to be taken March 2014 Title: THE OWL CAVE MASS KILL: EXAMINING THE EVIDENCE FOR AN EARLY HOLOCENE COMMUNAL BISON DRIVE IN SOUTHEASTERN IDAHO USING GIS Although the evidence suggests that bison were consistently taken by aboriginal hunters on the eastern Snake River Plain throughout the Holocene, quantitative faunal analyses indicate that bison were taken in modest numbers. However, Owl Cave is an exception to this pattern. Dated at approximately 8,000 RCYBP, the bison bone bed suggests a successful communal drive making Owl Cave one of the earliest mass bison kills in North America utilizing this strategy. An examination of the evidence offered by the original researchers of a mass kill at Owl Cave, in addition to valuable ethnographic and archaeological evidence from the eastern Snake River Plain and the Great Plains, is conducted. New avenues of inquiry, including tools available in Geographic Information Systems (GIS), are used to assess the validity of these original claims. Using tools available in GIS, least-cost pathways are calculated to identify potential natural drive lanes and viewshed analyses are conducted to simulate the bison’s point of view while being driven. Paleoenvironmental conditions during the early Holocene (including the presence of a pluvial lake complex), unique topographic features, and high bison population densities, likely prompted aboriginal hunters to communally hunt. The implication of an early mass kill on viii the eastern Snake River Plain is significant; offering insights into aboriginal subsistence strategies, bison population densities, and paleoenvironmental conditions during early Holocene. ix TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 1 II. PREVIOUS RESEARCH AND PALEOENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ................... 7 Previous Research at Owl Cave ................................................................................................. 7 Environmental Setting and Paleoenvironmental Conditions ...................................................... 16 III. HUMAN BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY AND ABORIGINAL SUBSISTENCE ON THE EASTERN SNAKE RIVER PLAIN .......................................................................................... 27 Structure and Use of Models ...................................................................................................... 30 Diet Breadth and Patch Choice Models ...................................................................................... 32 Applications of Patch Choice and Diet Breadth Models on the Eastern Snake River Plain ...... 35 IV: BISON ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION IN NORTH AMERICA ..................................... 42 V: COMMUNAL HUNTING STRATEGIES AND BISON DRIVE CHARACTERISTICS: ENTHOGRAPHIC AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE ................................................. 52 Bison Drives as a Communal Hunting Strategy ......................................................................... 54 Archaeological Evidence of Bison Hunting on the Great Plains and Southeastern Idaho: Terminal Pleistocene to Contact ..................................................................................... 64 Archaeological Evidence of Bison Drives on the Great Plains .................................................. 72 Archaeological Evidence of Bison Hunting in Southeastern Idaho ........................................... 79 VI: OWL CAVE: GIS METHODS, ANALYSES, AND RESULTS ........................................ 88 GIS Analysis of Owl Cave ......................................................................................................... 90 Discussion .................................................................................................................................. 117 VII: SYNTHESIS ....................................................................................................................... 119 APPENDIX A: VIEWSHED ANALYSES FOR PATHS 1-8 ................................................... 124 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................... 152 x LIST OF FIGURES Figure Page 1.1. Location of the Wasden Site on the eastern Snake River Plain...................................... 3 2.1. Profile of the north wall of Trench C during Butler’s excavations
Recommended publications
  • Part II Specialized Studies Chapter Vi

    Part II Specialized Studies Chapter Vi

    Part II Specialized Studies chapter vi New Sites and Lingering Questions at the Debert and Belmont Sites, Nova Scotia Leah Morine Rosenmeier, Scott Buchanan, Ralph Stea, and Gordon Brewster ore than forty years ago the Debert site exca- presents a model for the depositional history of the site vations signaled a new standard for interdisci- area, including two divergent scenarios for the origins of the Mplinary approaches to the investigation of late cultural materials at the sites. We believe the expanded areal Pleistocene archaeological sites. The resulting excavations extent of the complex, the nature of past excavations, and produced a record that continues to anchor northeastern the degree of site preservation place the Debert- Belmont Paleoindian sites (MacDonald 1968). The Confederacy of complex among the largest, best- documented, and most Mainland Mi’kmaq (the Confederacy) has been increasingly intact Paleoindian sites in North America. involved with the protection and management of the site The new fi nds and recent research have resolved some complex since the discovery of the Belmont I and II sites in long- standing issues, but they have also created new debates. the late 1980s (Bernard et al. 2011; Julien et al. 2008). The Understanding the relative chronologies of the numerous data reported here are the result of archaeological testing site areas and the consequent relationship among the sites associated with these protection eff orts, the development of requires not only understanding depositional contexts for the Mi’kmawey Debert Cultural Centre (MDCC), and the single occupations but tying together varied contexts (rede- passage of new provincial regulations solely dedicated to pro- posited, disturbed, glaciofl uvial, glaciolacustrine, Holocene tecting archaeological sites in the Debert and Belmont area.
  • Zooarchaeological and Taphonomic Perspectives on Hominid And

    Zooarchaeological and Taphonomic Perspectives on Hominid And

    ZOOARCHAEOLOGICAL AND TAPHONOMIC PERSPECTIVES ON HOMINID AND CARNIVORE INTERACTIONS AT OLDUVAI GORGE, TANZANIA Charles Peter Egeland Submitted to the faculty of the University Graduate School in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of Anthropology, Indiana University June 2007 Accepted by the Graduate Faculty, Indiana University, in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Doctoral Committee ________________________ Travis R. Pickering, Ph.D. ________________________ Nicholas Toth, Ph.D. ________________________ Kathy Schick, Ph.D. ________________________ Kevin Hunt, Ph.D. ________________________ Claudia Johnson, Ph.D. June 8, 2007 ii ©2007 Charles Peter Egeland ALL RIGHTS RESERVED iii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS As with any work of such magnitude, this dissertation simply would not have been possible without the support and assistance of many individuals and institutions. I wish to first thank Nick Toth, Kathy Schick, Kevin Hunt and Claudia Johnson. They not only generously sacrificed their time and energy as members of my committee but offered unfailing support, friendship and ideas throughout all stages of this research. Nick and Kathy provided a stimulating environment at CRAFT and the Stone Age Institute for which I will always be grateful. Nick‟s impromptu experiments and “what would happen if…” questions served as a constant reminder of what makes this field so fun and interesting. Kevin always stressed that research should focus on simple, straightforward questions, not only because they are the most easily tested but because they often provide the most influential results. I have tried to take that advice to heart in this dissertation. To Claudia I am particularly indebted to the support and enthusiasm she has offered at all stages of this project, even though it has had little to do with her own research.
  • Obtaining World Heritage Status and the Impacts of Listing Aa, Bart J.M

    Obtaining World Heritage Status and the Impacts of Listing Aa, Bart J.M

    University of Groningen Preserving the heritage of humanity? Obtaining world heritage status and the impacts of listing Aa, Bart J.M. van der IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2005 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): Aa, B. J. M. V. D. (2005). Preserving the heritage of humanity? Obtaining world heritage status and the impacts of listing. s.n. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 23-09-2021 Appendix 4 World heritage site nominations Listed site in May 2004 (year of rejection, year of listing, possible year of extension of the site) Rejected site and not listed until May 2004 (first year of rejection) Afghanistan Península Valdés (1999) Jam,
  • Post-Glacial Lake Nipissing Waterworn Assemblages from the Southeastern Huron Basin Area

    Post-Glacial Lake Nipissing Waterworn Assemblages from the Southeastern Huron Basin Area

    39 Post-Glacial Lake Nipissing Waterworn Assemblages from the Southeastern Huron Basin Area Chris J. Ellis and D. Brian Deller Artifacts from eight locations in the Thedford embay- of the area is the modern Lake Huron shore which ment area have been modified by the post-glacial waters is lined by a series of well-developed sand dunes of the Lake Nipissing phase prior to about 4000 to 4500 formed on a baymouth bar of the Nipissing phase years ago. The location of these sites relative to other (Cooper 1979:35). Partially because of the encom- inferred pre-Nipissing strandlines in the region and de- tailed external artifact comparisons provide new' infor- passing baymouth bar, drainage of the area is poor mation on the age and sequence of early preceramic and prior to modern alterations designed to make occupations in the lower Great Lakes. the area suitable for market gardening, the area was predominantly low and marshy and contained a Introduction small lake (Smith Lake). The major drainage through the area today is the Ausable River and its While the general trend in the lower Great Lakes tributaries such as Parkhill Creek (Fig. 2). throughout much of the earlier part of the post- The sequence of pro- and post-glacial lake level glacial sequence was for water levels to be much changes throughout the Great Lakes is a complex lower than modern lake levels, the Nipissing trans- one and the southern Huron basin is no exception. gression of circa 5000 BP was an exception. At By about 12,500 years ago, the Warren series of that time, water levels rose to a height above the pro-glacial lakes had formed between the Wyoming modern Lakes Huron-Michigan levels and inun- Moraine south of the study area and the retreating dated a number of sites ranging from Paleo-Indian ice-sheet (Fig.
  • The Bear in the Footprint: Using Ethnography to Interpret Archaeological Evidence of Bear Hunting and Bear Veneration in the Northern Rockies

    The Bear in the Footprint: Using Ethnography to Interpret Archaeological Evidence of Bear Hunting and Bear Veneration in the Northern Rockies

    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2014 THE BEAR IN THE FOOTPRINT: USING ETHNOGRAPHY TO INTERPRET ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF BEAR HUNTING AND BEAR VENERATION IN THE NORTHERN ROCKIES Michael D. Ciani The University of Montana Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Ciani, Michael D., "THE BEAR IN THE FOOTPRINT: USING ETHNOGRAPHY TO INTERPRET ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF BEAR HUNTING AND BEAR VENERATION IN THE NORTHERN ROCKIES" (2014). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 4218. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4218 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE BEAR IN THE FOOTPRINT: USING ETHNOGRAPHY TO INTERPRET ARCHAEOLOGICAL EVIDENCE OF BEAR HUNTING AND BEAR VENERATION IN THE NORTHERN ROCKIES By Michael David Ciani B.A. Anthropology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 2012 A.S. Historic Preservation, College of the Redwoods, Eureka, CA, 2006 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology, Cultural Heritage The University of Montana Missoula, MT May 2014 Approved by: Sandy Ross, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Dr. Douglas H. MacDonald, Chair Anthropology Dr. Anna M. Prentiss Anthropology Dr. Christopher Servheen Forestry and Conservation Ciani, Michael, M.A., May 2014 Major Anthropology The Bear in the Footprint: Using Ethnography to Interpret Archaeological Evidence of Bear Hunting and Bear Veneration in the Northern Rockies Chairperson: Dr.
  • Världsarvslistan

    Världsarvslistan

    http://wimnell.com/omr91b.pdf • Tipasa • Kasbah of Algiers Världsarvslistan Andorra http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/ • Madriu-Perafita-Claror Valley Argentina The World Heritage List includes 936 properties forming part of the • Los Glaciares # cultural and natural heritage which the World Heritage Committee • Jesuit Missions of the Guaranis: San Ignacio Mini, Santa Ana, considers as having outstanding universal value. Nuestra Señora de Loreto and Santa Maria Mayor (Argentina), Ruins of Sao Miguel das Missoes (Brazil) * These include 725 cultural , 183 natural and 28 mixed properties in • Iguazu National Park 153 States Parties. As of November 2011, 188 States Parties have • Cueva de las Manos, Río Pinturas ratified the World Heritage Convention. • Península Valdés • Ischigualasto / Talampaya Natural Parks Afghanistan • Jesuit Block and Estancias of Córdoba • Quebrada de Humahuaca • Minaret and Archaeological Remains of Jam Armenia • Cultural Landscape and Archaeological Remains of the Bamiyan Valley • Monasteries of Haghpat and Sanahin Albania • Cathedral and Churches of Echmiatsin and the Archaeological Site of Zvartnots • Butrint • Monastery of Geghard and the Upper Azat Valley • Historic Centres of Berat and Gjirokastra Australia Algeria • Great Barrier Reef • Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad • Kakadu National Park • Djémila • Willandra Lakes Region • M'Zab Valley • Lord Howe Island Group • Tassili n'Ajjer # • Tasmanian Wilderness • Timgad • Gondwana Rainforests of Australia 1 • Uluru-Kata Tjuta National Park 2 • Qal’at al-Bahrain – Ancient Harbour
  • Recent Research on the Roberts Buffalo Jump (5LR100), Northern Colorado

    Recent Research on the Roberts Buffalo Jump (5LR100), Northern Colorado

    RECENT RESEARCH ON THE ROBERTS BUFFALO JUMP (5LR100), NORTHERN COLORADO Christopher M. Johnston In the late 1600s, American Indian hunters and their century. Data also indicate the kill happened during families coordinated their efforts to drive a herd of the early to mid winter. The bison herd is almost bison over a 15 m (50 foot) high cliff in what is now entirely females and juveniles, with one older adult northern Larimer County. At this site, known as the male. This is a typical cow-calf herd which forms Roberts Buffalo Jump (5LR100), at least 19 bison after the fall rut and stays together throughout were killed and butchered, providing thousands of the winter and spring. Eight fetal bison are also in pounds of meat and other products that were vital the assemblage. The gestational age of the fetuses to the survival of hunter-gatherer groups during (between 5-7 months) further indicates a winter this period. Bison jumps are most common in the season of death. Many historical accounts show that northwestern Plains, with the primary concentration fetal bison were considered a great delicacy, and were in northern Wyoming, Montana and southern often consumed immediately after the kill. Alberta. The Roberts Jump is one of the southern- The bone element composition points to a bulk most known examples of Late Prehistoric bison utility strategy where high utility elements (such jumping on the Plains and provides important as front and rear limb bones like the humerus and data on the life-ways of hunter-gatherer groups in tibia) were more heavily processed.
  • An Assessment of the Chesrow Complex (Older Than Clovis?) in Southeast Wisconsin Matthew Allen Neff Iowa State University

    An Assessment of the Chesrow Complex (Older Than Clovis?) in Southeast Wisconsin Matthew Allen Neff Iowa State University

    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2015 An assessment of the Chesrow complex (older than Clovis?) in southeast Wisconsin Matthew Allen Neff Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the History of Art, Architecture, and Archaeology Commons Recommended Citation Neff, Matthew Allen, "An assessment of the Chesrow complex (older than Clovis?) in southeast Wisconsin" (2015). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 14534. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/14534 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. An Assessment of the Chesrow Complex (Older Than Clovis?) in Southeast Wisconsin by Matthew Allen Neff A thesis submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS Major: Anthropology Program of Study Committee: Matthew G. Hill Grant Arndt Alan D. Wanamaker, Jr. Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2015 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................................................ iii LIST OF FIGURES ..............................................................................................................................
  • Past Program Speakers for Lyons/Indian Peaks CAS Chapter

    Past Program Speakers for Lyons/Indian Peaks CAS Chapter

    Past Program Speakers for Lyons/Indian Peaks CAS Chapter (Lyons Chapter until charter as Indian Peaks Chapter in March 1990) 1983 January Meeting at Lyons Redstone Museum to discuss attracting new members February Joint meeting with CU Anthropology Dept., Chuck Wheeler – Windy Gap Project March James Brady – Application of Aerial Photography to Archaeology April No speaker at meeting May No speaker at meeting June Interim governing body installed July Meet all candidates running for office, adopt by-laws August Election of officers September John Bradley – Survey of BLM Land in Eastern Utah October Keith Abernathy and Paul Heinrich – Laramie River Survey near Woods Landing, WY November Canceled due to bad weather December Canceled due to holidays 1984 January No speaker at meeting February Dr. Steve Cassells – Early Man Settlements in Colorado March Ray Lyons – Rock Art of Browns Park April Ivol Hagar - Archaeology of the Front Range May Dr. Frank Eddy – Chimney Rock- Past, Present, Future? June No meeting scheduled July 2 educational films at CU – Mesa Verde, and Southwest Indians of Early America August Dr. Payson Sheets – Archaeology and Volcanism in the Arenal Zone of Costa Rica September Mark Chenault – The Pueblo Anasazi of Yellow Jacket October Dr. Omar Stewart - Peyotism in the West November Dr. Hannah Huse – From Pots to Potters: A Case Study of the Hopi Kawika-a Ceramic Collection December First Annual IPCAS Christmas Party at Jean Kindig’s House, Boulder 1985 January Michael Burney - Archaeological Remains of Tres Ritos Hills, New Mexico, High Altitude Archaeology at 11,400 Feet February Dr. Bruce Bradley - Lithic Technology March Canceled due to CU Spring Break April Lucille A.
  • Thesis Front Matter

    Thesis Front Matter

    NOTE TO USERS This reproduction is the best copy available. UNIVERSITY OF CALGARY Takht-e-Soleyman and Head-Smashed-In Buffalo Jump: The Recognition and Conservation of World Heritage Cultural Landscapes by Shabnam Inanloo Dailoo A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE FACULTY OF GRADUATE STUDIES IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY FACULTY OF ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN CALGARY, ALBERTA June, 2009 © Shabnam Inanloo Dailoo 2009 Library and Archives Bibliothèque et Canada Archives Canada Published Heritage Direction du Branch Patrimoine de l’édition 395 Wellington Street 395, rue Wellington Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Ottawa ON K1A 0N4 Canada Canada Your file Votre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-54425-9 Our file Notre référence ISBN: 978-0-494-54425-9 NOTICE: AVIS: The author has granted a non- L’auteur a accordé une licence non exclusive exclusive license allowing Library and permettant à la Bibliothèque et Archives Archives Canada to reproduce, Canada de reproduire, publier, archiver, publish, archive, preserve, conserve, sauvegarder, conserver, transmettre au public communicate to the public by par télécommunication ou par l’Internet, prêter, telecommunication or on the Internet, distribuer et vendre des thèses partout dans le loan, distribute and sell theses monde, à des fins commerciales ou autres, sur worldwide, for commercial or non- support microforme, papier, électronique et/ou commercial purposes, in microform, autres formats. paper, electronic and/or any other formats. The author retains copyright L’auteur conserve la propriété du droit d’auteur ownership and moral rights in this et des droits moraux qui protège cette thèse. Ni thesis. Neither the thesis nor la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci substantial extracts from it may be ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement printed or otherwise reproduced reproduits sans son autorisation.
  • The Archeological Heritage of Kansas

    The Archeological Heritage of Kansas

    THE ARCHEOLOGICAL HERITAGE OF KANSAS A Synopsis of the Kansas Preservation Plan by John D. Reynolds and William B. Lees, Ph.D. Edited By Robert J. Hoard and Virginia Wulfkuhle funded in part by a grant from the United States Department of the Interior National Park Service KSHS Archeology Popular Report No. 7 Cultural Resources Division Kansas State Historical Society Topeka, Kansas 2004 1 Preface This document is a synopsis of the archeology section of the Kansas Preservation Plan, which was financed in part with Federal funds from the National Park Service, a division of the United States Department of the Interior, and administered by the Kansas State Historical Society. The contents and opinions, however, do not necessarily reflect the view or policies of the United States Department of the Interior or the Kansas State Historical Society. The Kansas Preservation Plan is a technical document that was developed for the Historic Preservation Department of the Kansas State Historical Society that is designed to provide the background for making informed decisions in preserving the state's heritage. The size and technical nature of the plan make it inaccessible to many who have interests or responsibilities in Kansas archeology. Thus, the following synopsis of the archeology sections of the Kansas Preservation Plan is designed as a non-technical, abbreviated introduction to Kansas archeology. William B. Lees and John D. Reynolds wrote the original version of this document in 1989. These two men were employed by the Kansas State Historical Society, respectively, as Historic Archeologist and Assistant State Archeologist. Bill Lees moved on to work in Oklahoma and Kentucky.
  • Institutional Database of Staff Publications Tennessee Division of Archaeology

    Institutional Database of Staff Publications Tennessee Division of Archaeology

    Institutional Database of Staff Publications Tennessee Division of Archaeology Title: Paleo-Indian Habitation at the Pierce Site (40CS24), Chester County, Tennessee Year: 1982 Name(s): John B. Broster Source: Tennessee Anthropologist 7(2):93-104. Division of Archaeology • 1216 Foster Ave. • Cole Bldg #3 • Nashville, TN 37243 Tel: 615-741-1588 • Fax: 615-741-7329 • www.tennessee.gov/environment/section/arch-archaeology PALEO-INDIAN HABITATION AT TllE PIERCE SITE (40Cs24); CHESTER COUHTY, TENNESSEE John B. Broster ABSTRACT Printed By : The Pierce site, located in Chester County, Tennessee, was first recorded in 1973. This site contained some 140 Paleo-Indian artifacts dating from Clovfs to late Paleo-Indian times. This paper attempts an initial analysis of this body of data, and is strongly centered upon a functional interpretation of both the artifacts and the site. Little has been professionally reported concerning the Graphic Arts Service Paleo-Indian occupation of West Tennessee, and it is hoped that this study will help fill the gap in our knowledge of this area. University of Tennessee Introduction Knoxville, Tennessee 37996 During the fall of 1973, as part of a general archaeological survey of the South Fork of the Forked Deer River drainage, a concentration of Paleo-Indian lithic materials was recorded on a small sandy rise 350 meters northeast of the Eastern Citadel of the Pinson Mounds site (40Mdl). Throughout the following two years, with the pennission of the landowner, Mr. William F. Pierce, we were able to retrieve a controlled surface collection of 140 Paleo-Indian artifacts. The Pierce site is situated on · the plateau-bluff system which skirts the northern bank of the South Fork of the Forked Deer River.