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Deciduous Trees for South Dakota Landscapes D South Dakota State University Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange South Dakota State University Agricultural Bulletins Experiment Station 5-1-1971 Deciduous Trees for South Dakota Landscapes D. E. Herman Follow this and additional works at: http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_bulletins Recommended Citation Herman, D. E., "Deciduous Trees for South Dakota Landscapes" (1971). Bulletins. Paper 581. http://openprairie.sdstate.edu/agexperimentsta_bulletins/581 This Bulletin is brought to you for free and open access by the South Dakota State University Agricultural Experiment Station at Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Bulletins by an authorized administrator of Open PRAIRIE: Open Public Research Access Institutional Repository and Information Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Bulletin 578 • May 1971 Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota 57006 , ,, I. COVER-A distinctive landscape asset of deciduous trees is annual development of yellow, orange, and scarlet shades of autumn coloration. This 3-fold panorama of color may be observed annually in Sieche Hollow State Park near Sisse­ ton, South Dakota. This area is the extreme northwestern limit of the native range of sugar maple in the United States. Leaf reproductions on the cover are authentic im­ pressions of silver maple leaves. deciduous trees for south dakota landscapes By Dale E. Herman Associate Professor Horticulture-Forestry Department Bulletin 578 • May 1971 Agricultural Experiment Station South Dakota State University Brookings, South Dakota 57006 1 Trees with Particular Landscape Contents Qualities and Adaptabilities ________ _______ 69 Trees with Coforful or Interesting Winter Twigs or Bark ______________________ _____ 69 Trees with Ornamental Flowers _______________ 69 Trees with Ornamental F1ruits __ _________________ 69 Trees with Colorful Summer Foliage __ _____ 69 Page Trees with Outstanding Fall Color ____________ 69 Introduction ___________-------------- -------------------------- 3 Categorization of Trees by Form or Trees for Semi-Shaded Sites ______________________ 69 Alphabetical Index to Deciduous Trees________ 4 Growth Ha bit ------------------------------------------ 64 Trees for Moist Soils -------------------------------- ___ 69 Family and Genus Relationships__________________ 4 Fastigiate and/or Columnar (Figure 2) ___ 64 Trees That Withstand Dry Soils _______ _____ ___ 69 PubIi cation Format ---------------------------------------- 5 OvaI (Fig. 3) ------------------------------------------------ 65 Trees That Withstand Alkaline Soils __ _____ 70 Botan ica I Na me ----------------------------------- ______ 5 Pyramidal or Conical (Fig. 4) ____________________ 65 Iron Chlorosis in Alkaline Soils ______________ ___ 70 Common Name ------------------------------------------ 5 Rounded or Globe-Headed (Fig. 5) __________ 66 Sunscald Susceptibility ------------------------------ 70 Zone Recommendation (Figure l) ____________5, 6 Vase or Umbrella (Fig. 6) ____________________ _____ 67 Trees Needing More Evaluation Height and Spread in Feet ________________________ 7 Weeping or Semi-Pendulous (Fig. 7) ________ 68 in South Dakota -------------------------------------- 70 Descriptive Features ---------------------------------- 7 Spreading to Variably Rounded __ ___________ 68 GIossa ry ---------------------------------------------------------- 70 Discussion o,f Deciduous Trees ______________________ 8-63 Irregular Growth Habit------------------------------ 68 Selected References ---------------------------------------- 72 Acknowledgment The author expresses his appreciation to Horticulturists Paul E. Collins and Dean M. Martin and Botanist Charles A. Taylor for their assistance in reading the manuscript. Thanks are also extended to other members of the Horticulture-For­ estry Department for their helpful suggestions. The tree forms, as represented in figures 2-7, are modifications from "Trees for New Jersey Streets," a publication of the New Jer­ sey Federation of Shade Tree Commissions, 1965. 2 , Introduction The Great Plains, including South Dakota, has fail to reproduce true to type from seed. Since most been characterized as a vast "treeless" plain. Granted, new ornamental tree cultivars are propagated asexual­ this statement carries a measure of truth, but we need ly, the terms cultivar and clone are used interchange­ not be apologetic, for if we didn't appreciate the assets ably throughout the publication. of this vast, unrestricted, non-congested and, as yet, A hybrid tree is commonly produced by crossing relatively non-polluted environment, we wouldn't two or more species or cultivars. A majority of hybrid choose to live here. Nevertheless, the important role trees are vegetatively propagated because they fail to which trees play in tempering man's environment and come true from seed. In fact, certain hybrids fail to in providing a more beautiful, enjoyable environment produce viable seed. in which to work and recreate needs no amplification. Actually the abundance of open space provides an un­ Your attention is directed to a common misconcep­ paralleled opportunity to beautify the landscape scene tion that only a small group of plants are available in South Dakota. which possess adequate hardiness to perform satisfac­ This publication wa� prepared to meet the need for torily in the Northern Plains. However, if one r�lly an informative reference on deciduous trees in South familiarizes himself with the many readily obtainable Dakota. Also, this publication will be of regional value deciduous trees and the various new cultivars that are due to its rather extensive treatment of · cultivars, in­ becoming available, our selection really becomes sur­ cluding hybrid and clonal varieties. prisingly extensive. Furthermore, as we continue to The term cultivar was introduced in 1961 by the In­ evaluate new trees and the public begins to request ternational Commission for the Nomenclature of Culti­ more of the newer and less-commonly offered material, vated Plants to designate a "cultivated variety." A nurserymen will further expand their tree inventories. cultivar is a plant which is developed, propagated, and The primary purpose of this reference is to provide maintained under cultivation by man. New plants (cul­ a useful tool for landscape nurserymen, landscape tivars) are produced by various means, including hy­ architects, arborists, park department personnel, bridization (hybrids), naturally occurring genetic greenhouse and garden center operators, Cooperative changes which give rise to sports and mutants, and Extension Service personnel, Forestry and Soil Con­ man-made selections. servation Service personnel, garden club members, A clone is actually a type of cultivar. Clones are homeowners, and conservationists and horticulturists plants which are propagated vegetatively (asexually) in general. It will serve as an excellent supplementary by such means as cutting, grafting, or budding from a teaching aid for university-level arboriculture and single selected parent. Therefore, each plant is identi­ woody plant jdentification courses. High school stu­ cal. Asexual propagation is essential because clones dents will also find it useful. 3 Alphabetical Index of Deciduous Trees COMMON NAME PAGE 11 Purpurea11 Hybrids and Related Locust --------------------------------------------_____________ 51 AI d' er ,------------------------------------------------__________ 1 3 Purple-Leaved___ __________________________ ___ 28-31 Maack i a____ ______ __________________ ____ ______________________ 2 5 Apricot ------------------------------------------------------- 45-46 II RosybI oom11 ______________ ·----------- ________________ 31 -35 Ma pie ------------------------------------------------------ ··-- 8-12 Ash -------------------------------------------------------------- 1 8-20 White-Flowered -----------------------·____________ 36.,38 Mountain-Ash_ _____________________ _____ ___________ ___ 54-56 Aspen ---------------------------------------------------------- 41-43 EI m ------------------------------------------------------------··- 59-63 MuI berry ---------------------------------------------------- 38 Birch ------------------------------------------------------------ 14-16 Ginkgo --------------------------------------__________________ 20 Oak ----------------------------------_____ ·----------------·-____ 48-4 9 Buckeye ----------------------------------_____ _____________ 12-13 Goldenrain-Tree ____ _________________________________ ___ 23 Pear ---------------------------------------------- ______ ________ 4 7-4.8 Buckthorn ____________________ ··---- ------····-------------- 50 Hackberry -------------------------------------------------- 16 PI um --------------------·-----------------__________________ _ __ 43-44 Butternut --------------------------------------______________ 22 Hawthorn -------------------------------------·----------- 17-18 PopI ar ----------------------------------------____ ·-------____ 39-43 CataI pa ------------------------------------------------------ 16 Hickory ---------------------------------------------------------· 16 Redbud --------------------------------_______________________ 17 Cherry-Chokecherry__ ____________________ ___________ 44-47 Honey-Locust ---------------------------- ____.
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