Warm-Up

Half sheet, with a partner, answer: ■ What is it called when you borrow money to purchase a stock? ■ The goal of the ______was to protect American businesses by removing European competition. ■ Name two causes of the , not including the stock market crash. ■ What factors led to the Dust Bowl? Warm-Up

■ What is it called when you borrow money to purchase a stock? – Buying on margin ■ The goal of the ______was to protect American businesses by removing European competition. – Hawley-Smoot Tariff ■ Name two causes of the Great Depression, not including the stock market crash. – War debts, tariffs, farm problems, easy credit, income disparity ■ What factors led to the Dust Bowl? – Drought, overworked soil, powerful winds HOOVER STRUGGLES WITH THE DEPRESSION

Chapter 22.3

Hoover Tries to Reassure the Nation

■ Hoover’s Philosophy – Many experts believe depressions a normal part of business cycle – People should take care of own families; not depend on government

■ Hoover Takes Cautious Steps – Calls meeting of business, banking, labor leaders to solve problems ■ Creates organization to help private charities raise money for poor Hoover Reassures Nation

Boulder Dam / ■ Hoover’s Boulder Dam on Colorado River is massive project – later renamed Hoover Dam ■ Provides electricity, flood control, water to states on river basin

Shift in Power

■ Democrats Win in 1930 Congressional Elections ■ As economic problems increase, Hoover, Republicans blamed ■ Widespread criticism of Hoover; shantytowns called “”

Hoover Takes Action

■ (organization of farm cooperatives) ■ buy crops, keep off market until prices rise

■ Direct Intervention – Federal Home Loan Bank Act lowers mortgage rates ■ Hoover’s measures do not improve economy before presidential election Gassing the

■ Bonus Army – veterans go to D.C. in 1932 to support Patman Bill – want payment of bonus – Hoover opposes bill ■ Most veterans leave Washington; about 2,000 stay to speak with Hoover Gassing the Bonus Army

■ Hoover Disbands the Bonus Army ■ Hoover fears violence, calls on U.S. Army to disband Bonus Army – Infantry tear gas over 1,000 people including children; many injured

Credits

■ http://moreorlessbunk.files.wordpress.com/2008/01/hoover.jpeg

■ http://www.be.wednet.edu/OurSchools/hs/staff/jlehman/lehmanweb/images/hoovervilles.jpg

■ http://www.visitingdc.com/images/hoover-dam-picture-2.jpg

■ http://www.dsa-lasvegas.com/hoover%20dam.jpg

■ http://www.us-coin-values-advisor.com/images/Hooverville.jpg

■ http://www.picturehistory.com/images/products/0/0/8/prod_879.jpg

■ http://coat.ncf.ca/our_magazine/links/53/bonus_army_fire.jpg

■ http://jimbuie.blogs.com/photos/uncategorized/bonus_army_13.jpg

■ http://www.ecommcode2.com/hoover/research/photos/images/1932-96.gif

■ http://members.tripod.com/~CARIART/Herbert_Hoover.jpg