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Diversity Studies in Koitajoki (3.4 MB, Pdf) Metsähallituksen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A, No 131 Nature Protection Publications of the Finnish Forest and Park Service. Series A, No 131 Diversity studies in Koitajoki Area (North Karelian Biosphere Reserve, Ilomantsi, Finland) Timo J. Hokkanen (editor) Timo J. Hokkanen (editor) North Karelian Biosphere Reserve FIN-82900 Ilomantsi, FINLAND [email protected] The authors of the publication are responsible for the contents. The publication is not an official statement of Metsähallitus. Julkaisun sisällöstä vastaavat tekijät, eikä julkaisuun voida vedota Metsähallituksen virallisesna kannanottona. ISSN 1235-6549 ISBN 952-446-325-3 Oy Edita Ab Helsinki 2001 Cover picture:Veli-Matti Väänänen © Metsähallitus 2001 DOCUMENTATION PAGE Published by Date of publication Metsähallitus 14.9.2001 Author(s) Type of publication Research report Timo J. Hokkanen (editor) Commissioned by Date of assignment / Date of the research contract Title of publication Diversity studies in Koitajoki Area (North Karelian Biosphere Reserve, Ilomantsi, Finland) Parts of publication Abstract The mature forests of Koitajoki Area in Ilomantsi were studied in the North Karelian Biosphere Reserve Finnish – Russian researches in 1993-1998. Russian researchers from Petrozavodsk (Karelian Research Centre) , St Peters- burg (Komarov Botanical Institute) and Moscow (Moscow State University) were involved in the studies. The goal of the researches was to study the biolgical value of the prevailing forest fragments. An index of the value of the forest fragments was compiled. The index includes the amount and quality and suc- cession of the decaying wood in the sites. The groups studied were Coleoptera, Diptera, Hymenoptera and ap- hyllophoraceous fungi. Coleoptera species were were most numerous in Tapionaho, where there were over 200 spedies found of the total number of 282 found in the studies. Endangered coleoptera were presented by 14 species. The most important one was Cyllodes ater, a beetle only found twice in Finland and already thought to be extinct. Monochamus urussovi and Orthotomicus longicollis are considered vulneralble. The reserches revealed 502 species of Diptera. Diptera studies were concentrated on the family Mycetophilidae, which is an important group in forest wood webs. Six of the species found were endangered. Of these Pachyneura fasciata, Keroplatus tipuloides, Xylophagus ater ja Xylophagus junki are considered vulnerable. As many as 82 of the species are new for Finland, seven of the species were new for Europe, and assumably there were several species new for science. Total of 264 species of Hymenoptera were found. Dolichomitus aciculatus, Dolichomitus terebrans, Odontocolon punc- tulatus, O. spinipes ja O. dentipes are rare species. Aniseres caudatus is a species recently (1997) described for science in Russian Karelia. Total of 170 species of polyporaceous fungi were found. The most species rich site was Tapionaho, which also had been studied most carefully. Total of 21 endangered species were found, and moreover, several species which have been recently described or are poorly known. Polyporus pseudobetulinus in considerd endangered, Clavaria zolingeri, Diplomitoporus crustulinus, D. lindbladii, Haploporusodorus, Hericum clathroides, H. fragile, Hydnellum suave- olens, Polyporus badius ja Sceletocutis lenis are vulnerable. According to the studies Koitajoki area species diversity is high and especially Tapioanho area is very important from protection point of view. Keywords Mature forest, forest fragmentation, diversity, aphylloproraceous fungi, Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Mycetophilidae Other information ISBN 952-446-325-3 Series (key title and no.) ISSN Metsähallituksen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A 131 1235-6549 Pages Language Price Confidentiality 217 English 80 FIM Public Distributed by Publisher Metsähallitus Metsähallitus Natural Heritage Services KUVAILULEHTI Julkaisija Julkaisun päivämäärä Metsähallitus 14.9.2001 Tekijät (toimielimestä: toimielimen nimi, puheenjohtaja, sihteeri) Julkaisun laji Tutkimusraportti Timo J. Hokkanen (toim.) Toimeksiantaja Toimielimen asettamispvm Julkaisun nimi Eliölajiston monimuotoisuustutkimuksia Koitajoen alueella (Pohjois-Karjalan biosfäärialue, Ilomantsi, Suomi) Julkaisun osat Tiivistelmä Ilomantsin Koitajoen alueen vanhojen metsien eliölajistoa tutkittiin 1993–1998 Pohjois-Karjalan biosfäärialueen suomalais – venäläisenä yhteistyönä, jossa oli mukana tutkijoita Petroskoista (Karjalan Tiedekeskus), Pietarista (Komarovin Kasviteteellinen Instituutti) ja Moskovasta (Moskovan valtionyliopisto). Tutkimusten tavoitteena oli selvittää alueen vanhojen metsien pirstaleiden suojelubiologista arvoa. Tutkimuksia varten kehitettiin metsien vertailua varten indeksi, jonka avulla arvioitiin metsien arvoa (lahopuun laatu ja määrä sekä lahopuujatkumo). Vanhojen metsien indikaattorilajeja tutkittiin ryhmistä kovakuoriaiset, kak- sisiipiset, pistiäiset, käävät ja kääväkkäät. Kovakuoriaisia löydettiin yhteensä 282 lajia. Lajistollisesti monimuotoisin kohde oli Tapionaho, josta löytyi yli 200 lajia. Uhanalaisia kovakuoriaisia löytyi 14 lajia, joista merkittävin oli sukupuuttoon kuolleeksi luultu mustahälve- käs (Cyllodes ater). Monochamus urussovi ja Orthotomicus longicollis ovat vaarantuneita lajeja. Kaksisiipisiä löytyi tutkimuksissa yhteensä 502 lajia. Tutkimusten painopiste oli sienisääskissä, jotka ovat merkit- täviä vanhan metsän ravintoketjuissa. Kuusi lajeista on uhanalaisia: vaarantuneita lajeja olivat Pachyneura fasciata, Keroplatus tipuloides, Xylophagus ater ja Xylophagus junki. Löydetyistä lajeista 82 oli Suomella uusia, seitsemää ei ollut löydetty ennen Euroopassa ja todennäköisesti tieteelle uusia lajeja on useita. Pistiäisiä löydettiin yhteensä 264 lajia. Harvinaisia lajeja olivat Dolichomitus aciculatus, Dolichomitus terebrans, Odontocolon punctulatus, O. spinipes ja O. dentipes. Aniseres caudatus on laji, joka on kuvattu tieteelle uutena Venäjän Karjalasta v. 1997. Kääpiä löydettiin yhteensä 170 lajia ja runsaslajisin paikka oli Tapionaho, joka oli myös intensiivisimmän tutki- muksen kohteena. Erittäin uhanalaisia lajeja löytyi yksi, Polyporus pseudobetulinus. Clavaria zolingeri, Diplomitoporus crustulinus, D. lindbladii, Haploporusodorus, Hericum clathroides, H. fragile, Hydnellum suaveolens, Polyporus badius ja Sceletocutis lenis on luokiteltu vaarantuneiksi lajeiksi. Yhteensä uhanalaisia lajeja löytyi 21, sekä lisäksi useita lajeja jotka on kuvattu vasta äskettäin tai joiden levinneisyys on huonosti tunnettu. Tutkimusten perusteella Koitajoen alue on eliölajistoltaan monipuolinen ja etenkin Tapionahon alue suojelun nä- kökulmasta erittäin arvokas. Avainsanat Vanha metsä, pirstoutuminen, diversiteetti, käävät ja kääväkkäät, kovakuoriaiset, pistiäiset, sienisääsket Muut tiedot ISBN 952-446-325-3 Sarjan nimi ja numero ISSN Metsähallituksen luonnonsuojelujulkaisuja. Sarja A 131 1235-6549 Kokonaissivumäärä Kieli Hinta Luottamuksellisuus 217 Englanti 80 mk julkinen Jakaja Kustantaja Metsähallitus, luonnonsuojelu Metsähallitus PRESENTATIONSBLAD Utgivare Utgivningsdatum Forststyrelsen 14.9.2001 Författare (uppgifter om organet, organets namn, ordförande, sekreterare) Typ av publikation Forskningraport Timo J. Hokkanen (red.) Uppdragsgivare Datum för tillsättandet av organet Publikation Studier i biologisk mångfald i Koitajoki (Norra Karelens biosfärsområde, Ilomantsi, Finland) Publikationens delar Referat Åren 1993–1998 undersöktes artstrukturen i Koitajokiområdets gamla skogar inom det nordkarelska biosfärom- rådet i Ilomants. Arbetet utfördes i form av ett finländskt – ryskt samarbete i vilket forskare från Petroskoi (Ve- tenskapliga centralen i Karelen), S:t Petersburg (Komarovs botaniska institut) och Moskva (statsuniversitetet i Moskva) deltog. Syftet med undersökningarna var att utreda det skyddsbiologiska värdet hos spillrorna av gammal skog i områ- det. För att kunna utföra jämförelser mellan bestånden av gamla skogar i samband med undersökningarna utveckla- des ett särskilt index. Med hjälp av indexet utvärderades skogarnas kvalitet (kvalitet och volym död ved samt den döda vedens kontinuitet). I grupperna skalbaggar, tvåvingade, steklar, tickor och svampar av släktet Aphyl- lophorales undersöktes indikatorarter för gamla skogar. Sammanlagt 282 arter skalbaggar påträffades. Den största mångfalden i arthänseende fanns i Tapionaho-området, där över 200 arter påträffades. 14 hotade arter av skalbagge påträffades, den mest remarkabla var den svarta kal- glansbaggen (Cyllodes ater) som redan troddes vara utdöd. Monochamus urussovi och Orthotomicus longicollis är sårbara arter. Under undersökningarna påträffades sammanlagt 502 arter av tvåvingar. Tyngdpunkten för undersökningarna låg på svampmyggor, som har stor betydelse i den gamla skogens näringskedja. Sex av de påträffade arterna är hotade: Pachyneura fasciata, Keroplatus tipuloides, Xylophagus ater och Xylophagus junki är sårbara arter. Av de påträf- fade arterna är 82 nya i Finland, sju arter har inte tidigare påträffats i Europa och sannolikt är många arter nya för vetenskapen. Av steklar påträffades sammanlagt 264 arter. Till de rara arterna hörde Dolichomitus aciculatus, Dolichomitus tere- brans, Odontocolon punctulatus, O. spinipes och O. dentipes. Aniseres caudatus är en art som har beskrivits som ny för vetenskapen i Karelska republiken år 1997. Av tickor påträffades sammanlagt 170 arter. Artrikast var också för tickornas del Tapionaho-området, som också var föremål för de intensivaste undersökningarna. En starkt hotad
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