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ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES and PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS of SHRUB EXPANSION in WESTERN ALASKA by Molly Tankersley Mcdermott, B.A./B.S
Arthropod communities and passerine diet: effects of shrub expansion in Western Alaska Item Type Thesis Authors McDermott, Molly Tankersley Download date 26/09/2021 06:13:39 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/11122/7893 ARTHROPOD COMMUNITIES AND PASSERINE DIET: EFFECTS OF SHRUB EXPANSION IN WESTERN ALASKA By Molly Tankersley McDermott, B.A./B.S. A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science in Biological Sciences University of Alaska Fairbanks August 2017 APPROVED: Pat Doak, Committee Chair Greg Breed, Committee Member Colleen Handel, Committee Member Christa Mulder, Committee Member Kris Hundertmark, Chair Department o f Biology and Wildlife Paul Layer, Dean College o f Natural Science and Mathematics Michael Castellini, Dean of the Graduate School ABSTRACT Across the Arctic, taller woody shrubs, particularly willow (Salix spp.), birch (Betula spp.), and alder (Alnus spp.), have been expanding rapidly onto tundra. Changes in vegetation structure can alter the physical habitat structure, thermal environment, and food available to arthropods, which play an important role in the structure and functioning of Arctic ecosystems. Not only do they provide key ecosystem services such as pollination and nutrient cycling, they are an essential food source for migratory birds. In this study I examined the relationships between the abundance, diversity, and community composition of arthropods and the height and cover of several shrub species across a tundra-shrub gradient in northwestern Alaska. To characterize nestling diet of common passerines that occupy this gradient, I used next-generation sequencing of fecal matter. Willow cover was strongly and consistently associated with abundance and biomass of arthropods and significant shifts in arthropod community composition and diversity. -
ELIZABETH LOCKARD SKILLEN Diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera
ELIZABETH LOCKARD SKILLEN Diversity of Parasitic Hymenoptera (Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae and Ichneumoninae) in Great Smoky Mountains National Park and Eastern North American Forests (Under the direction of JOHN PICKERING) I examined species richness and composition of Campopleginae and Ichneumoninae (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae) parasitoids in cut and uncut forests and before and after fire in Great Smoky Mountains National Park, Tennessee (GSMNP). I also compared alpha and beta diversity along a latitudinal gradient in Eastern North America with sites in Ontario, Maryland, Georgia, and Florida. Between 1997- 2000, I ran insect Malaise traps at 6 sites in two habitats in GSMNP. Sites include 2 old-growth mesic coves (Porters Creek and Ramsay Cascades), 2 second-growth mesic coves (Meigs Post Prong and Fish Camp Prong) and 2 xeric ridges (Lynn Hollow East and West) in GSMNP. I identified 307 species (9,716 individuals): 165 campoplegine species (3,273 individuals) and a minimum of 142 ichneumonine species (6,443 individuals) from 6 sites in GSMNP. The results show the importance of habitat differences when examining ichneumonid species richness at landscape scales. I report higher richness for both subfamilies combined in the xeric ridge sites (Lynn Hollow West (114) and Lynn Hollow East (112)) than previously reported peaks at mid-latitudes, in Maryland (103), and lower than Maryland for the two cove sites (Porters Creek, 90 and Ramsay Cascades, 88). These subfamilies appear to have largely recovered 70+ years after clear-cutting, yet Campopleginae may be more susceptible to logging disturbance. Campopleginae had higher species richness in old-growth coves and a 66% overlap in species composition between previously cut and uncut coves. -
Checklist of the Coleoptera of New Brunswick, Canada
A peer-reviewed open-access journal ZooKeys 573: 387–512 (2016)Checklist of the Coleoptera of New Brunswick, Canada 387 doi: 10.3897/zookeys.573.8022 CHECKLIST http://zookeys.pensoft.net Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Checklist of the Coleoptera of New Brunswick, Canada Reginald P. Webster1 1 24 Mill Stream Drive, Charters Settlement, NB, Canada E3C 1X1 Corresponding author: Reginald P. Webster ([email protected]) Academic editor: P. Bouchard | Received 3 February 2016 | Accepted 29 February 2016 | Published 24 March 2016 http://zoobank.org/34473062-17C2-4122-8109-3F4D47BB5699 Citation: Webster RP (2016) Checklist of the Coleoptera of New Brunswick, Canada. In: Webster RP, Bouchard P, Klimaszewski J (Eds) The Coleoptera of New Brunswick and Canada: providing baseline biodiversity and natural history data. ZooKeys 573: 387–512. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.573.8022 Abstract All 3,062 species of Coleoptera from 92 families known to occur in New Brunswick, Canada, are re- corded, along with their author(s) and year of publication using the most recent classification framework. Adventive and Holarctic species are indicated. There are 366 adventive species in the province, 12.0% of the total fauna. Keywords Checklist, Coleoptera, New Brunswick, Canada Introduction The first checklist of the beetles of Canada by Bousquet (1991) listed 1,365 species from the province of New Brunswick, Canada. Since that publication, many species have been added to the faunal list of the province, primarily from increased collection efforts and -
Three New Anchomenus BONELLI, 1810 from the West Palaearctic (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Platynini)
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Koleopterologische Rundschau Jahr/Year: 2014 Band/Volume: 84_2014 Autor(en)/Author(s): Schmidt Joachim Artikel/Article: Three new Anchomenus Bonelli, 1810 from the West Palaearctic. 13- 29 ©Wiener Coleopterologenverein (WCV), download unter www.zobodat.at Koleopterologische Rundschau 84 13–29 Wien, September 2014 Three new Anchomenus BONELLI, 1810 from the West Palaearctic (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Platynini) J. SCHMIDT Abstract Two new species of Ground Beetles (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Platynini) are described: Anchomenus bellus sp.n. from southern and eastern Turkey, and A. alcedo sp.n. from northern Israel and Lebanon. In external characters they are very similar to the western Turkey endemic A. dohrnii FAIRMAIRE, 1866, but differ distinctly each in male genitalic characters. A third new species of Anchomenus BONELLI is described from eastern Afghanistan: A. kataevi sp.n. The relationships of the new species are briefly discussed, and a key to the Palaearctic representatives of the genus Anchomenus is pro- vided. Anchomenus dorsalis infuscatus CHEVROLAT, 1854, formerly considered a junior synonym of A. dorsalis PONTOPPIDAN, 1763, is here regarded as a good subspecies. Key words: Coleoptera, Carabidae, Platynini, Anchomenus, Afghanistan, Israel, Syria, Lebanon, Turkey, new species, key to species. Introduction Based on comprehensive morphological and phylogenetic analyses of adult and larval -
Coleoptera: Carabidae) Assemblages in a North American Sub-Boreal Forest
Forest Ecology and Management 256 (2008) 1104–1123 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Forest Ecology and Management journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/foreco Catastrophic windstorm and fuel-reduction treatments alter ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a North American sub-boreal forest Kamal J.K. Gandhi a,b,1, Daniel W. Gilmore b,2, Steven A. Katovich c, William J. Mattson d, John C. Zasada e,3, Steven J. Seybold a,b,* a Department of Entomology, 219 Hodson Hall, 1980 Folwell Avenue, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA b Department of Forest Resources, 115 Green Hall, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA c USDA Forest Service, State and Private Forestry, 1992 Folwell Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA d USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 5985 Hwy K, Rhinelander, WI 54501, USA e USDA Forest Service, Northern Research Station, 1831 Hwy 169E, Grand Rapids, MN 55744, USA ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Article history: We studied the short-term effects of a catastrophic windstorm and subsequent salvage-logging and Received 9 September 2007 prescribed-burning fuel-reduction treatments on ground beetle (Coleoptera: Carabidae) assemblages in a Received in revised form 8 June 2008 sub-borealforestinnortheasternMinnesota,USA. During2000–2003, 29,873groundbeetlesrepresentedby Accepted 9 June 2008 71 species were caught in unbaited and baited pitfall traps in aspen/birch/conifer (ABC) and jack pine (JP) cover types. At the family level, both land-area treatment and cover type had significant effects on ground Keywords: beetle trap catches, but there were no effects of pinenes and ethanol as baits. -
Revision of the Genus Apophua Morley, 1913, from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae)
Zootaxa 3784 (5): 501–527 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3784.5.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6640D1B6-E304-4C6B-8E36-71F8FB2C347F Revision of the genus Apophua Morley, 1913, from Japan (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae, Banchinae) KYOHEI WATANABE1 & KAORU MAETO2 1Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, Iriuda 499, Odawara, Kanagawa 250–0031, Japan. E-mail: [email protected] 2Laboratory of Insect Biodiversity and Ecosystem Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University, 1–1 Rokkodai- cho, Nada-ku, Kobe, 657–8501 Japan. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract Japanese species of the genus Apophua Morley, 1913, are revised. Eleven species are found from Japan and two of them, A. elegans sp. nov. and A. yamato sp. nov., are newly described. Distribution data and an updated key to Japanese species are provided. Key words: Far East Asia, Glyptini, new species, parasitoid, taxonomy Introduction The genus Apophua Morley, 1913, is a medium-sized taxon of ichneumonid wasps of the tribe Glyptini, subfamily Banchinae, which contains 36 described species from the Afrotropical (13 spp.), Eastern Palaearctic (10), Oriental (10), Western Palaearctic (5), Nearctic (2), and Australasian (2) regions (Yu et al., 2012). The species in this genus are known as koinobiont endoparasitoids of lepidopteran larvae, particularly of leaf rollers (e.g. Tortricidae), and include some important natural enemies of forest pests (Kamijo, 1973; Momoi et al., 1975). We have studied the Japanese species of Apophua as part of a review of the Japanese Glyptini and have recognized 11 species. -
Newsletter of the Biological Survey of Canada
Newsletter of the Biological Survey of Canada Vol. 40(1) Summer 2021 The Newsletter of the BSC is published twice a year by the In this issue Biological Survey of Canada, an incorporated not-for-profit From the editor’s desk............2 group devoted to promoting biodiversity science in Canada. Membership..........................3 President’s report...................4 BSC Facebook & Twitter...........5 Reminder: 2021 AGM Contributing to the BSC The Annual General Meeting will be held on June 23, 2021 Newsletter............................5 Reminder: 2021 AGM..............6 Request for specimens: ........6 Feature Articles: Student Corner 1. City Nature Challenge Bioblitz Shawn Abraham: New Student 2021-The view from 53.5 °N, Liaison for the BSC..........................7 by Greg Pohl......................14 Mayflies (mainlyHexagenia sp., Ephemeroptera: Ephemeridae): an 2. Arthropod Survey at Fort Ellice, MB important food source for adult by Robert E. Wrigley & colleagues walleye in NW Ontario lakes, by A. ................................................18 Ricker-Held & D.Beresford................8 Project Updates New book on Staphylinids published Student Corner by J. Klimaszewski & colleagues......11 New Student Liaison: Assessment of Chironomidae (Dip- Shawn Abraham .............................7 tera) of Far Northern Ontario by A. Namayandeh & D. Beresford.......11 Mayflies (mainlyHexagenia sp., Ephemerop- New Project tera: Ephemeridae): an important food source Help GloWorm document the distribu- for adult walleye in NW Ontario lakes, tion & status of native earthworms in by A. Ricker-Held & D.Beresford................8 Canada, by H.Proctor & colleagues...12 Feature Articles 1. City Nature Challenge Bioblitz Tales from the Field: Take me to the River, by Todd Lawton ............................26 2021-The view from 53.5 °N, by Greg Pohl..............................14 2. -
Identification Key to the Subfamilies of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera)
Identification key to the subfamilies of Ichneumonidae (Hymenoptera) Gavin Broad Dept. of Entomology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK Notes on the key, February 2011 This key to ichneumonid subfamilies should be regarded as a test version and feedback will be much appreciated (emails to [email protected]). Many of the illustrations are provisional and more characters need to be illustrated, which is a work in progress. Many of the scanning electron micrographs were taken by Sondra Ward for Ian Gauld’s series of volumes on the Ichneumonidae of Costa Rica. Many of the line drawings are by Mike Fitton. I am grateful to Pelle Magnusson for the photographs of Brachycyrtus ornatus and for his suggestion as to where to include this subfamily in the key. Other illustrations are my own work. Morphological terminology mostly follows Fitton et al. (1988). A comprehensively illustrated list of morphological terms employed here is in development. In lateral views, the anterior (head) end of the wasp is to the left and in dorsal or ventral images, the anterior (head) end is uppermost. There are a few exceptions (indicated in figure legends) and these will rectified soon. Identifying ichneumonids Identifying ichneumonids can be a daunting process, with about 2,400 species in Britain and Ireland. These are currently classified into 32 subfamilies (there are a few more extralimitally). Rather few of these subfamilies are reconisable on the basis of simple morphological character states, rather, they tend to be reconisable on combinations of characters that occur convergently and in different permutations across various groups of ichneumonids. -
Exposing the Structure of an Arctic Food Web Helena K
Exposing the structure of an Arctic food web Helena K. Wirta1,†, Eero J. Vesterinen2,†, Peter A. Hamback€ 3, Elisabeth Weingartner3, Claus Rasmussen4, Jeroen Reneerkens5,6, Niels M. Schmidt6, Olivier Gilg7,8 & Tomas Roslin1 1Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland 2Department of Biology, University of Turku, Vesilinnantie 5, FI-20014 Turku, Finland 3Department of Ecology, Environment and Plant Sciences, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 4Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 114, DK–8000 Aarhus, Denmark 5Conservation Ecology Group, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 11103, 9700 CC Groningen, The Netherlands 6Arctic Research Centre, Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark 7Laboratoire Biogeosciences, UMR CNRS 6282, Universite de Bourgogne, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France 8Groupe de Recherche en Ecologie Arctique, 16 rue de Vernot, 21440 Francheville, France Keywords Abstract Calidris, DNA barcoding, generalism, Greenland, Hymenoptera, molecular diet How food webs are structured has major implications for their stability and analysis, Pardosa, Plectrophenax, specialism, dynamics. While poorly studied to date, arctic food webs are commonly Xysticus. assumed to be simple in structure, with few links per species. If this is the case, then different parts of the web may be weakly connected to each other, with Correspondence populations and species united by only a low number of links. We provide the Helena K. Wirta, Department of Agricultural first highly resolved description of trophic link structure for a large part of a Sciences, University of Helsinki, Latokartanonkaari 5, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland. high-arctic food web. -
A Faunal Survey of the Elateroidea of Montana by Catherine Elaine
A faunal survey of the elateroidea of Montana by Catherine Elaine Seibert A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Entomology Montana State University © Copyright by Catherine Elaine Seibert (1993) Abstract: The beetle family Elateridae is a large and taxonomically difficult group of insects that includes many economically important species of cultivated crops. Elaterid larvae, or wireworms, have a history of damaging small grains in Montana. Although chemical seed treatments have controlled wireworm damage since the early 1950's, it is- highly probable that their availability will become limited, if not completely unavailable, in the near future. In that event, information about Montana's elaterid fauna, particularity which species are present and where, will be necessary for renewed research efforts directed at wireworm management. A faunal survey of the superfamily Elateroidea, including the Elateridae and three closely related families, was undertaken to determine the species composition and distribution in Montana. Because elateroid larvae are difficult to collect and identify, the survey concentrated exclusively on adult beetles. This effort involved both the collection of Montana elateroids from the field and extensive borrowing of the same from museum sources. Results from the survey identified one artematopid, 152 elaterid, six throscid, and seven eucnemid species from Montana. County distributions for each species were mapped. In addition, dichotomous keys, and taxonomic and biological information, were compiled for various taxa. Species of potential economic importance were also noted, along with their host plants. Although the knowledge of the superfamily' has been improved significantly, it is not complete. -
Open Research Online Oro.Open.Ac.Uk
Open Research Online The Open University’s repository of research publications and other research outputs The effect of habitat creation for predatory arthropods on aphid populations in winter wheat Thesis How to cite: Collins, Katherine Lucy (1999). The effect of habitat creation for predatory arthropods on aphid populations in winter wheat. PhD thesis The Open University. For guidance on citations see FAQs. c 1999 Katherine Lucy Collins Version: Version of Record Link(s) to article on publisher’s website: http://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21954/ou.ro.0000ff4f Copyright and Moral Rights for the articles on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. For more information on Open Research Online’s data policy on reuse of materials please consult the policies page. oro.open.ac.uk ^^uucbcKvv. \Jt3Z<ssrRi£t&E) THE EFFECT OF HABITAT CREATION FOR PREDATORY ARTHROPODS ON APHID POPULATIONS IN WINTER WHEAT KATHERINE LUCY COLLINS BSc. (Hons.) ZOOLOGY A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements of The Open University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Discipline: Agriculture / Environment MAY 1999 Harper Adams University College SpOEESomg es&blÊsbmDmt: and Food A Merton Research and Educational Trust Leicestershire ProQuest Number: C801604 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a com plete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest ProQuest C801604 Published by ProQuest LLC (2019). -
DNA Metabarcoding Diet Analysis Reveals Dynamic Feeding Behaviour and Biological Control Potential of Carabid Farmland Co
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/332312; this version posted May 27, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Title: DNA metabarcoding diet analysis reveals dynamic feeding behaviour and biological 2 control potential of carabid farmland communities 3 4 5 STEFANIYA KAMENOVA1,2,3, VINCENT BRETAGNOLLE2, MANUEL 6 PLANTEGENEST1 & ELSA CANARD1 7 8 1UMR 1349 IGEPP, INRA, Université de Rennes 1, Agrocampus Ouest Rennes, Domaine de 9 la Motte, 35650 Le Rheu, France 10 2Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France 11 3CEES, University of Oslo, 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 12 13 Corresponding author: Stefaniya Kamenova 14 CEES, University of Oslo, 1066 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway 15 [email protected] 16 17 18 Key-words: DNA metabarcoding diet analysis, carabid beetles, agroecosystems, biological 19 control, food webs 20 21 Running title: Dynamic feeding behaviour of carabid beetles revealed by DNA 22 metabarcoding 23 24 25 Abstract 26 27 Maximizing the delivery of key ecosystem services such as biological control through the 28 management of natural enemy communities is one of the major challenges for modern 29 agriculture. The main obstacle lies in our yet limited capacity of identifying the factors that 30 drive the dynamics of trophic interactions within multi-species assemblages. Invertebrate 31 generalist predators like carabid beetles are known for their dynamic feeding behaviour.