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Rhetorical Tools in Use in Bj and Aj Outside the Herod Narratives

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Rhetorical Tools in Use in Bj and Aj Outside the Herod Narratives APPENDIX THREE RHETORICAL TOOLS IN USE IN BJ AND AJ OUTSIDE THE HEROD NARRATIVES The following is a list of instances throughout the BJ and AJ where Josephus implements rhetorical tools similar to those he uses in the two Herod narratives. This list serves as an indication to my earlier suggestion that Josephus’ use of rhetorical tools is not confined to the Herod narratives. The Herod narratives may have been more rhetorically adorned than other parts of the BJ and AJ, but Josephus’ authorial voice and editorial hand are apparent throughout his works. I shall not include editorial comments in the first person here, as these appear extensively throughout Josephus’ works and are usually context related. Although some of the instances below (especially the longer speeches in BJ )1 have a significant rhetorical impact, I shall not elaborate on that here, as such an analysis is beyond the scope of this book. Rhetorical Tools in BJ Digressions 2.119–166: Account of the three Jewish philosophies. 2.188–191: Description of Ptolemais and its sand. 2.204–220: Events in Rome following the assassination of Gaius and the accession of Claudius. 3.35–58: Geographical description of Galilee, Peraea, Judea and Samaria, and the kingdom of Agrippa II. 3.70–109: Detailed description of the Roman army. 3.158–160: Jotapata: landscape and characteristics. 1 With special reference to the following speeches: Agrippa in Jerusalem (2.345–401); Josephus in Jerusalem (5.362–420); and the two speeches of Eleazar in Masada (7.323–336 and 341–388). These have been extensively researched in modern schol- arship, e.g. Lindner, Geschichtsauffassung. 246 appendix three 3.506–521: Geographical excursus of Lake Genassareth, Jordan River and the fertile soil of the area. 4.4–10: Description of the fortress of Gamla. 4.440–441: Events in Rome (Gallic revolt, Nero). 4.451–485: On Jericho and its environs. 4.530–533: Hebron: the city and its historical significance. 4.545–549: Civil war in Italy. 4.585–88: More upheaval in Rome. 4.607–615: Description of Egypt. 4.630–655: Detailed account of further events in Rome. 5.47–49: Structure of the Roman army on the march to Judea. 5.136–183: Detailed description of the city of Jerusalem, immedi- ately followed by: 5.184–247: Detailed account of the Temple and the fortress of Antonia. 7.132–152: The Triumphal procession in Rome: description of the pictorial stages and Temple spoils. 7.163–189: Description of the fortress of Machaerus. 7.219–237: Misfortunes of King Antiochus of Commagene. 7.280–303: Description of Masada: the rock and Herod’s fortress. Speeches 2.26–36: Speeches of Antipater and Nicolaus in Rome, concern- ing the reign of Archelaus (both related in an indirect speech form). 2.84–92: Jewish deputies speak in Rome, requesting autonomy (direct speech). Nicolaus refutes their changes against the Herodians (short summary of his words). 2.345–401: King Agrippa II to the people of Jerusalem. 2.605–608: Josephus speaks to the people of Tarichaea, defending their accusations of treason. 3.362–382: Josephus speaks to his soldiers in Jotapata, advocating suicide. 3.399–403: Josephus to Vespasian after his capture. This short speech contains the prophetic premonition concerning Vespasian’s future as Emperor. 3.473–484: Titus to his troops, in Tarichaea, before battle. 4.39–48: Vespasian consoles his troops after the first defeat at Gamla..
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